Grade1 Science Notes for LifeSciences LS1.A: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION as per NGSS framework.

1. K-5 SCIENCE APPS
GRADE 1 SCIENCE PRACTICE NOTES
LS1.A – STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

2. PLANTS
•1. Plants are living beings : Plants live, die, produce their food, reproduce,
respire, and grow. The only thing plants and trees cannot do is move from one
place to another on their own.
•2. Saplings: Young plants are called saplings. A sapling is the first tender shoot
that emerges from a seed.
•3. Roots: Roots of a plant are used to anchor the plant in place. In addition,
roots also absorb water and nutrients from the soil by using roots. The stem (or
trunk in trees) is the part of the plant that carries water and these nutrients from
roots to the leaves so that the leaves can prepare their food that is needed by all
parts of the plant to survive and grow.
•4. Leaves: Leaves prepare their food by using water and other nutrients from
the soil and air in the presence of the sunlight. This process is called
photosynthesis. Plants need water, air soil, and sunlight to survive. These all
factors play a key role in the process of photosynthesis by which plants prepare
their food to survive and grow.

3. PLANTS
•5. Leaves are the food factories of plants and trees. They use the water and
nutrients transported by stem from the roots, Carbon dioxide from the air, and
sunlight to produce food that is important for all parts of plants and trees to
survive. This process is called photosynthesis.
•6. Common root vegetables: Radishes, carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes,
onions, turnips, and beetroot are common root vegetables that we frequently
eat. Cauliflower on the other hand is a flower that we eat! Cauliflower and
broccoli are flowers that we eat as vegetables. Other flowers that we commonly
eat as vegetables include artichokes, Brussel sprouts, and zucchini.
•7. The role of the smell and bright colors in flowers: is to attract insects and
other creatures that help trees and plants to transfer their pollen to other trees
and plants to reproduce. Pollen grains are present inside the flower and must be
transferred to other flowers.

4. PLANTS
•8. Pollination, Respiration, and Transpiration:
Pollination is the process by which plants reproduce.
Respiration is the process by which plants absorb the Carbon dioxide from the air
and release Oxygen back.
Transpiration is the process of losing moisture from the surface of the leaves.
•9. Stems : connect the leaves of the plant to the roots. They also hold fruits and
flowers, transport nutrients and water from roots to leaves and prepared food
from leaves to all parts of plants, and store food.
•10. Plants Growth: Plants take in Carbon dioxide as a part of photosynthesis.
Plants release Oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. In addition to sunlight
and air, plants also need minerals, nutrients, water from the soil for healthy
growth. Plants need sunlight to grow. That is why, plants grow towards the sun.
Planting the soil in enough space and healthy soil makes a plant grow healthier.
•11. Seeds: are present inside the fruit of the plant. A young plant germinates
from the seed, when the seed gets all appropriate conditions it needs.

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