Year 11 Perception 2
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We perceive depth through both binocular and monocular cues. Binocular cues use information from both eyes, including retinal disparity, where each eye sees a slightly different image based on viewpoint, and ocular convergence, where the eyes turn inward more for closer objects. The brain uses differences in these images to understand how far away objects are in three dimensions.
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Perception Slides
The document describes a perception experiment where one partner closes their eyes, pinches their nose, and tries to identify flavors of jelly beans placed in their mouth by the other partner. It then switches partners and repeats the experiment.
The document also discusses several topics related to perception, including selective attention, perceptual illusions, depth perception using binocular and monocular cues, motion perception, and perceptual constancy.
It describes experiments on sensory deprivation and perceptual adaptation, and discusses the concepts of perceptual set and how context can affect perception.
chapter 3 - Sensation and perception 2013
1. Sensation is the detection of stimuli by sensory receptors, while perception is the organization and interpretation of sensory information.
2. The eye detects light and converts it into neural signals through specialized sensory receptors like rods and cones in the retina. These signals are then organized and interpreted in the visual cortex of the brain.
3. Binocular and monocular depth cues like convergence, retinal disparity, relative size, and linear perspective allow us to perceive a three-dimensional world from the two-dimensional retinal image.
Chapter 5 (sensation)
This document provides an overview of key concepts in sensation and perception from David Myers' Psychology textbook. It covers topics like threshold, sensory adaptation, the five senses, and theories of vision, audition, pain, and other senses. For each sense, it describes the stimulus input, sensory processing in the body and brain, and factors that can influence perception, like adaptation, deficits, and culture. It aims to explain how physical stimuli are converted to neural signals and ultimately perceived.
Introductory Psychology: Sensation & Perception (Vision)
lecture 16 from a college level introduction to psychology course taught Fall 2011 by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University, includes anatomy of eye/brain, dorsal pathway, ventral pathway, figure/ground, many illusions, synesthesia
Sensation and perception
Sensation involves detecting and responding to sensory information through sensory receptors. Perception is the process of assigning meaning to incoming sensory information. Sensory receptors have receptive fields, which are the areas they can detect stimuli. Reception detects sensory information, which is then converted into neural signals via transduction. Transmission carries these signals along neural pathways to the brain for interpretation, where meaning is derived. While these processes are rapid, we are only consciously aware when a stimulus is ambiguous. Sensation is the detection of sensory information, while perception gives meaning to those detections.
Depth and distance perception
This document discusses various visual cues that help with depth perception and judging distance. It separates cues into monocular cues that can be seen with one eye, like size and converging lines, and binocular cues that require both eyes, like convergence. It provides examples like seeing railroad tracks come together in the distance or objects in the foreground appearing larger than those in the background.
Depth perception
The document discusses various depth cues that allow for depth perception, including both monocular and binocular cues. Monocular cues include relative size, linear perspective, texture, interposition, clarity, lighting and shadow, motion parallax, and accommodation. Binocular cues require both eyes and include stereopsis, which is based on retinal disparity between corresponding points in the two eyes, and convergence. These depth cues, along with visual illusions, are important for clinical applications of visual perception.
Perception Slides
The document discusses various topics related to perception including selective attention, perceptual illusions, depth perception using binocular and monocular cues, motion perception, perceptual constancy, and extrasensory perception. It provides information on visual illusions, how the visual system interprets sensory information, and the controversial claim of perceiving events without using the traditional senses.
Recommended
Perception Slides
The document describes a perception experiment where one partner closes their eyes, pinches their nose, and tries to identify flavors of jelly beans placed in their mouth by the other partner. It then switches partners and repeats the experiment.
The document also discusses several topics related to perception, including selective attention, perceptual illusions, depth perception using binocular and monocular cues, motion perception, and perceptual constancy.
It describes experiments on sensory deprivation and perceptual adaptation, and discusses the concepts of perceptual set and how context can affect perception.
chapter 3 - Sensation and perception 2013
1. Sensation is the detection of stimuli by sensory receptors, while perception is the organization and interpretation of sensory information.
2. The eye detects light and converts it into neural signals through specialized sensory receptors like rods and cones in the retina. These signals are then organized and interpreted in the visual cortex of the brain.
3. Binocular and monocular depth cues like convergence, retinal disparity, relative size, and linear perspective allow us to perceive a three-dimensional world from the two-dimensional retinal image.
Chapter 5 (sensation)
This document provides an overview of key concepts in sensation and perception from David Myers' Psychology textbook. It covers topics like threshold, sensory adaptation, the five senses, and theories of vision, audition, pain, and other senses. For each sense, it describes the stimulus input, sensory processing in the body and brain, and factors that can influence perception, like adaptation, deficits, and culture. It aims to explain how physical stimuli are converted to neural signals and ultimately perceived.
Introductory Psychology: Sensation & Perception (Vision)
lecture 16 from a college level introduction to psychology course taught Fall 2011 by Brian J. Piper, Ph.D. (psy391@gmail.com) at Willamette University, includes anatomy of eye/brain, dorsal pathway, ventral pathway, figure/ground, many illusions, synesthesia
Sensation and perception
Sensation involves detecting and responding to sensory information through sensory receptors. Perception is the process of assigning meaning to incoming sensory information. Sensory receptors have receptive fields, which are the areas they can detect stimuli. Reception detects sensory information, which is then converted into neural signals via transduction. Transmission carries these signals along neural pathways to the brain for interpretation, where meaning is derived. While these processes are rapid, we are only consciously aware when a stimulus is ambiguous. Sensation is the detection of sensory information, while perception gives meaning to those detections.
Depth and distance perception
This document discusses various visual cues that help with depth perception and judging distance. It separates cues into monocular cues that can be seen with one eye, like size and converging lines, and binocular cues that require both eyes, like convergence. It provides examples like seeing railroad tracks come together in the distance or objects in the foreground appearing larger than those in the background.
Depth perception
The document discusses various depth cues that allow for depth perception, including both monocular and binocular cues. Monocular cues include relative size, linear perspective, texture, interposition, clarity, lighting and shadow, motion parallax, and accommodation. Binocular cues require both eyes and include stereopsis, which is based on retinal disparity between corresponding points in the two eyes, and convergence. These depth cues, along with visual illusions, are important for clinical applications of visual perception.
Perception Slides
The document discusses various topics related to perception including selective attention, perceptual illusions, depth perception using binocular and monocular cues, motion perception, perceptual constancy, and extrasensory perception. It provides information on visual illusions, how the visual system interprets sensory information, and the controversial claim of perceiving events without using the traditional senses.
perception .pptx
1. Perception refers to how sensory information is organized, interpreted and consciously experienced. It involves both bottom-up processing of sensory input and top-down processing influenced by knowledge and experiences.
2. Several factors like attention, perceptual organization, depth cues and perceptual constancies influence how we perceive objects and their properties like size, shape and color.
3. Illusions reveal limits of perception when sensations are interpreted differently than physical stimuli, and there are debates around direct vs indirect approaches and awareness in perception.
Year 11 Perception 1
Perception is the process of interpreting and understanding sensory information, while sensation is the stimulation of our sensory receptors. The document discusses the key parts of the visual system, including the cornea, pupil, lens, retina, and optic nerve. It also explains different ways our perception can misinterpret visual information, such as through ambiguity, distortion, paradoxes, and fiction. The learning objectives are to understand how the visual system works and how perception can lead to misinterpretations of visual data.
009457343.pdf
Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. A person's perception can differ from others due to internal and external factors. There are various principles that guide human perception, including Gestalt principles of grouping, figure-ground relationships, depth perception cues from binocular and monocular vision, and perceptual constancy which allows objects to appear the same despite changes in viewing conditions. Perception can be influenced by perceptual sets, and illusions demonstrate its fallibility.
Perception
Perception involves interpreting sensory information to identify objects. Visual perception involves light entering the eye and being transmitted to the brain as electrical signals. The brain must work to make sense of the two-dimensional, upside-down image. Visual illusions occur when the brain misinterprets images due to past experiences. Illusions can be ambiguous, distortions, fictional perceptions, or paradoxes. Depth is perceived through binocular cues like disparity and convergence as well as monocular cues like size, texture, and motion. Visual constancies allow objects to appear the same size, shape, and color despite changes in the retinal image.
Ch06 Lecture Notes
Chapter 6: Perception
Selective Attention
At any moment we are conscious of a very limited amount of all that we are capable of experiencing. One example of this selective attention is the cocktail party effect—attending to only one voice among many. Another example is inattentional blindness, which refers to our blocking of a brief visual interruption when focusing on other sights.
Perceptual Illusions
Visual and auditory illusions were fascinating scientists even as psychology emerged. Explaining illusions required an understanding of how we transform sensations into meaningful perceptions, so the study of perception became one of psychology’s first concerns. Conflict between visual and other sensory information is usually resolved with the mind’s accepting the visual data, a tendency known as visual capture.
Perceptual Organization
From a top-down perspective, we see how we transform sensory information into meaningful perceptions when we are aided by knowledge and expectations.
The early Gestalt psychologists were impressed with the seemingly innate way we organize fragmentary sensory data into whole perceptions. Our minds structure the information that comes to us in several demonstrable ways:
Form Perception
To recognize an object, we must first perceive it (see it as a figure) as distinct from its surroundings (the ground). We must also organize the figure into a meaningful form. Several Gestalt principles—proximity, similarity, continuity, connectedness, and closure—describe this process.
Depth Perception
Research on the visual cliff revealed that many species perceive the world in three dimensions at, or very soon after, birth. We transform two-dimensional retinal images into three-dimensional perceptions by using binocular cues, such as retinal disparity, and monocular cues, such as the relative sizes of objects.
Motion Perception
Our brain computes motion as objects move across or toward the retina. Large objects appear to move more slowly than smaller objects. A quick succession of images, as in a motion picture or on a lighted sign, can also create an illusion of movement.
Perceptual Constancy
Having perceived an object as a coherent figure and having located it in space, how then do we recognize it—despite the varying images that it may cast on our retinas? Size, shape, and lightness constancies describe how objects appear to have unchanging characteristics regardless of their distance, shape, or motion. These constancies explain several of the well-known visual illusions. For example, familiarity with the size-distance relationships in a carpentered world of rectangular shapes makes people more susceptible to the Müller-Lyer illusion.
Perceptual Interpretation
The most direct tests of the nature-nurture issue come from experiments that modify human perceptions.
Sensory Deprivation and Restored Vision
For many species, infancy is a critical period during which experience must activate the brain’s innate visual mechanisms. If cataract removal restores eyesight to adults who were blind from birth, they remain unable to perceive the world normally. Generally, they can distinguish figure from ground and can perceive colors, but they are unable to recognize shapes and forms. In controlled experiments, animals have been reared with severely restricted visual input. When their visual exposure is returned to normal, they, too, suffer enduring visual handicaps.
Perceptual Adaptation
Human vision is remarkably adaptable. Given glasses that shift the world slightly to the left or right, or even turn it upside down, people manage to adapt their movements and, with practice, to move about with ease.
Perceptual Set
Clear evidence that perception is influenced by our experience—our learned assumptions and beliefs—as well as by sensory input comes from the many demonstrations of perceptual set and context effects. The schemas we have learned help us to interpret otherwise ambiguous stimu
Photography lesson 05
Deviprasad Goenka Management college of Media Studies
http://www.dgmcms.org.in/
Subject: Photography
Lesson 5: Visual Perception
Faculty Name: Partha Pratim Samanta
Sensation and Perception 2
Sensation is the process of stimulation of sense organs resulting in neural impulses to the brain, while perception is the brain's interpretation of sensory information. Perception involves organizing, interpreting, and understanding sensory stimuli. There are two types of depth cues that aid depth perception: monocular or pictorial cues that can be perceived with one eye, and binocular cues that require two eyes. Monocular cues include relative size, superposition, height in field, linear perspective, texture gradient, relative clarity, light and shadow, and motion parallax.
Ask
The document discusses perception and defines it as the recognition and interpretation of sensory information by the brain. It provides examples of how letters are perceived as words and how objects are perceived to have constant properties like size, brightness, and shape even when the retinal image changes. The three main processes of perception are selection, organization, and interpretation. Form and depth perception are also discussed. Depth perception allows us to see the three-dimensional world through binocular cues from both eyes and monocular cues from a single eye, such as relative size, linear perspective, overlap, and brightness.
Year 11 Perception Recap
The document summarizes key concepts about visual perception that were covered in a lesson, including the parts of the eye and visual system, visual illusions, binocular and monocular depth cues, size constancy and everyday visual distortions. It recaps these topics and provides examples to illustrate perceptual concepts like retinal disparity, ocular convergence, linear perspective and size constancy scaling.
PERCEPTION OF SPACE,DEPTH AND DISTANCE.pptx
Powerpoint slide on perception of space, depth and distance
Can give more experience and knowledge, expert powerpoint creator.
Fundamentals of visual communication unit iii
Visual perception involves the five senses of sight, touch, smell, taste, and sound, as well as proprioception. It is the process by which we detect stimuli in the environment and take actions based on that information. Perception includes both bottom-up processing, where perception begins with sensory stimuli, and top-down processing, where contextual information aids perception. Optical illusions demonstrate how perception does not always match physical reality due to cognitive influences on what we see. Gestalt principles of perception, such as similarity, continuity, and closure, describe how we tend to group visual elements.
Depth perception by imran ali
Binocular cues like retinal disparity and convergence allow us to perceive depth through the slight differences between the views our two eyes receive. Monocular cues like occlusion, linear perspective, and size also provide depth information. Together, these depth cues from binocular and monocular vision enable humans to perceive the 3D structure of the world.
Depth cues
Binocular depth cues use both eyes to perceive depth and include retinal disparity and convergence. Retinal disparity occurs because each eye sees a slightly different image based on their positions, and convergence is the inward turning of the eyes to focus on closer objects. Monocular cues use a single eye and include linear perspective, interposition, texture gradient, relative size, and height in the visual field. A study by Turnbull found that the BaMbuti pygmies he observed did not use relative size well because their environment did not require that skill, showing that depth perception is learned rather than innate.
Final project post
This document summarizes the key points learned from a perception psychology class. It discusses how perception involves complex processes behind recognizing stimuli in the environment. The author was fascinated by how depth and size are perceived, including visual illusions like the Ponzo and Ames Room illusions. They conducted an experiment using the "thumb technique" to test if objects of different sizes could have the same visual angle. The document concludes by discussing how perception applies to everyday life and how the author will now view the world differently.
PSY 150 403 CHAPTER 6 SLIDES
This document provides an overview of key concepts in sensation and perception, as presented in a PowerPoint by Jim Foley. It discusses the senses and how sensory information is processed by the brain to form perceptions. Specific topics covered include the distinction between sensation and perception, thresholds, sensory adaptation, perceptual set, effects of context and emotion on perception, vision and color perception, visual processing in the brain, and how perceptual organization allows us to interpret sensory input.
Chapter 3 Psych. 1
The document summarizes key concepts about sensation and perception from a psychology textbook chapter. It defines sensation as the basic detection of stimuli by sensory receptors and perception as the interpretation and organization of sensory information. It describes the structure of the eye and visual system, including rods and cones, and discusses thresholds, color vision, perceptual organization principles like Gestalt, illusions, and depth perception cues.
Binocular Vision.pptx
This document discusses the basics of binocular vision. It defines binocular vision as the fusion of the two retinal images from both eyes into a single visual image, allowing for depth perception. It describes the key components needed for binocular vision, including clear vision in both eyes, neural pathways to fuse the images in the brain, and coordination of eye movements. It also discusses the development of binocular vision abilities from birth through childhood. Additionally, it explains important concepts such as retinal correspondence, Panum's area of fusion, stereopsis, suppression, and monocular depth cues that contribute to our three-dimensional vision.
CHAPTER 3PERCEPTIONGraham Pike, Graham Edgar, and Helen
CHAPTER 3
PERCEPTION
Graham Pike, Graham Edgar, and Helen Edgar
1 INTRODUCTION
If you have ever searched frantically for an object that
turns out to have been right in front of you all along,
then this chapter may make you feel better. For, as you
will see, perception of even the simplest object is actu-
ally a very complex aff air. So, next time you turn the
house upside down looking for your keys and then
fi nd them in the fi rst place you looked, remember that
your brain is using extremely sophisticated processes,
many of which are beyond even the most advanced
computer programs available today (not that com-
puter programs ever lose their keys!).
Th e sophistication of the cognitive processes that
allow us to perceive visually is perhaps, if perversely,
revealed best through the errors that our perceptual sys-
tem can make. Figure 3.1 contains three very simple
visual illusions that illustrate this. Image (a) is the Müller–
Lyer illusion, in which the vertical line on the left is per-
ceived as being longer even though both lines are of an
identical length. Image (b) is a Necker cube, in which it
is possible to perceive the cube in either of two perspec-
tives (although you can never see both at the same time
so please do not strain your eyes trying). Image (c) is
Kanizsa’s (1976) illusory square, in which a square is
perceived even though the image does not contain a
square but only four three-quarter-complete circles.
If the cognitive processes involved in perception
were simple, then it would be hard to see how the
eff ects in Figure 3.1 could occur. Aft er all, they are all
based on very straightforward geometric shapes that
should be easy to perceive accurately. Activity 3.1 dem-
onstrates that there must be more sophisticated pro-
cesses that have been developed to perceive the
complex visual environment, which get confused or
tricked by elements of these images. In fact the three
eff ects above are likely to be caused because our visual
system has evolved to perceive solid, three-dimen-
sional (3D) objects and attempts to interpret the two-
dimensional (2D) shapes as resulting from 3D scenes.
Perceptual errors arising from localized damage to
the brain also demonstrate the complexities involved
in visual perception. Some of the problems faced by
people suff ering from specifi c neuropsychological
conditions include: being able to recognize objects but
not faces (prosopagnosia); being able to perceive indi-
vidual parts of the environment but not to integrate
these parts into a whole; believing that one’s family has
been replaced by robots/aliens or impostors of the
same appearance (Capgras syndrome); and only being
able to perceive one side of an object (visual, or sen-
sory, neglect – see Chapter 2, Section 5.1).
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perception.pptx
Perception is the organization and interpretation of sensory information to understand one's environment. It involves signals in the nervous system resulting from stimulation of the senses. Perception provides organization and is an information extractor that prepares an individual to respond. It follows principles like figure-ground relationships and grouping stimuli based on proximity, similarity, continuity, closure, and symmetry. Perceptual constancy allows stable perception despite changes to sensory inputs. Depth is perceived through monocular cues like linear perspective and binocular cues like retinal disparity and eye convergence. Factors like senses, brain, memory, interests, needs, and illusions can influence perception. Hallucinations are perceptions without sensory stimuli.
Ob m5,m6,m7
Sensation refers to the process of sensing our environment through our five senses, while perception is how we interpret these sensations. There are several concepts related to sensation and perception, including:
1. Absolute and difference thresholds, which refer to the minimum amount of stimulus needed to detect a sensation and the minimum amount of change needed to detect a difference.
2. Gestalt principles of grouping, which describe how we tend to organize visual sensations into patterns and groups.
3. Perceptual constancy, or our ability to perceive objects as consistent despite changes in viewing conditions.
Perception involves selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensations. Factors like selective attention, perceptual expectancies, and schemas influence our
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perception .pptx
1. Perception refers to how sensory information is organized, interpreted and consciously experienced. It involves both bottom-up processing of sensory input and top-down processing influenced by knowledge and experiences.
2. Several factors like attention, perceptual organization, depth cues and perceptual constancies influence how we perceive objects and their properties like size, shape and color.
3. Illusions reveal limits of perception when sensations are interpreted differently than physical stimuli, and there are debates around direct vs indirect approaches and awareness in perception.
Year 11 Perception 1
Perception is the process of interpreting and understanding sensory information, while sensation is the stimulation of our sensory receptors. The document discusses the key parts of the visual system, including the cornea, pupil, lens, retina, and optic nerve. It also explains different ways our perception can misinterpret visual information, such as through ambiguity, distortion, paradoxes, and fiction. The learning objectives are to understand how the visual system works and how perception can lead to misinterpretations of visual data.
009457343.pdf
Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. A person's perception can differ from others due to internal and external factors. There are various principles that guide human perception, including Gestalt principles of grouping, figure-ground relationships, depth perception cues from binocular and monocular vision, and perceptual constancy which allows objects to appear the same despite changes in viewing conditions. Perception can be influenced by perceptual sets, and illusions demonstrate its fallibility.
Perception
Perception involves interpreting sensory information to identify objects. Visual perception involves light entering the eye and being transmitted to the brain as electrical signals. The brain must work to make sense of the two-dimensional, upside-down image. Visual illusions occur when the brain misinterprets images due to past experiences. Illusions can be ambiguous, distortions, fictional perceptions, or paradoxes. Depth is perceived through binocular cues like disparity and convergence as well as monocular cues like size, texture, and motion. Visual constancies allow objects to appear the same size, shape, and color despite changes in the retinal image.
Ch06 Lecture Notes
Chapter 6: Perception
Selective Attention
At any moment we are conscious of a very limited amount of all that we are capable of experiencing. One example of this selective attention is the cocktail party effect—attending to only one voice among many. Another example is inattentional blindness, which refers to our blocking of a brief visual interruption when focusing on other sights.
Perceptual Illusions
Visual and auditory illusions were fascinating scientists even as psychology emerged. Explaining illusions required an understanding of how we transform sensations into meaningful perceptions, so the study of perception became one of psychology’s first concerns. Conflict between visual and other sensory information is usually resolved with the mind’s accepting the visual data, a tendency known as visual capture.
Perceptual Organization
From a top-down perspective, we see how we transform sensory information into meaningful perceptions when we are aided by knowledge and expectations.
The early Gestalt psychologists were impressed with the seemingly innate way we organize fragmentary sensory data into whole perceptions. Our minds structure the information that comes to us in several demonstrable ways:
Form Perception
To recognize an object, we must first perceive it (see it as a figure) as distinct from its surroundings (the ground). We must also organize the figure into a meaningful form. Several Gestalt principles—proximity, similarity, continuity, connectedness, and closure—describe this process.
Depth Perception
Research on the visual cliff revealed that many species perceive the world in three dimensions at, or very soon after, birth. We transform two-dimensional retinal images into three-dimensional perceptions by using binocular cues, such as retinal disparity, and monocular cues, such as the relative sizes of objects.
Motion Perception
Our brain computes motion as objects move across or toward the retina. Large objects appear to move more slowly than smaller objects. A quick succession of images, as in a motion picture or on a lighted sign, can also create an illusion of movement.
Perceptual Constancy
Having perceived an object as a coherent figure and having located it in space, how then do we recognize it—despite the varying images that it may cast on our retinas? Size, shape, and lightness constancies describe how objects appear to have unchanging characteristics regardless of their distance, shape, or motion. These constancies explain several of the well-known visual illusions. For example, familiarity with the size-distance relationships in a carpentered world of rectangular shapes makes people more susceptible to the Müller-Lyer illusion.
Perceptual Interpretation
The most direct tests of the nature-nurture issue come from experiments that modify human perceptions.
Sensory Deprivation and Restored Vision
For many species, infancy is a critical period during which experience must activate the brain’s innate visual mechanisms. If cataract removal restores eyesight to adults who were blind from birth, they remain unable to perceive the world normally. Generally, they can distinguish figure from ground and can perceive colors, but they are unable to recognize shapes and forms. In controlled experiments, animals have been reared with severely restricted visual input. When their visual exposure is returned to normal, they, too, suffer enduring visual handicaps.
Perceptual Adaptation
Human vision is remarkably adaptable. Given glasses that shift the world slightly to the left or right, or even turn it upside down, people manage to adapt their movements and, with practice, to move about with ease.
Perceptual Set
Clear evidence that perception is influenced by our experience—our learned assumptions and beliefs—as well as by sensory input comes from the many demonstrations of perceptual set and context effects. The schemas we have learned help us to interpret otherwise ambiguous stimu
Photography lesson 05
Deviprasad Goenka Management college of Media Studies
http://www.dgmcms.org.in/
Subject: Photography
Lesson 5: Visual Perception
Faculty Name: Partha Pratim Samanta
Sensation and Perception 2
Sensation is the process of stimulation of sense organs resulting in neural impulses to the brain, while perception is the brain's interpretation of sensory information. Perception involves organizing, interpreting, and understanding sensory stimuli. There are two types of depth cues that aid depth perception: monocular or pictorial cues that can be perceived with one eye, and binocular cues that require two eyes. Monocular cues include relative size, superposition, height in field, linear perspective, texture gradient, relative clarity, light and shadow, and motion parallax.
Ask
The document discusses perception and defines it as the recognition and interpretation of sensory information by the brain. It provides examples of how letters are perceived as words and how objects are perceived to have constant properties like size, brightness, and shape even when the retinal image changes. The three main processes of perception are selection, organization, and interpretation. Form and depth perception are also discussed. Depth perception allows us to see the three-dimensional world through binocular cues from both eyes and monocular cues from a single eye, such as relative size, linear perspective, overlap, and brightness.
Year 11 Perception Recap
The document summarizes key concepts about visual perception that were covered in a lesson, including the parts of the eye and visual system, visual illusions, binocular and monocular depth cues, size constancy and everyday visual distortions. It recaps these topics and provides examples to illustrate perceptual concepts like retinal disparity, ocular convergence, linear perspective and size constancy scaling.
PERCEPTION OF SPACE,DEPTH AND DISTANCE.pptx
Powerpoint slide on perception of space, depth and distance
Can give more experience and knowledge, expert powerpoint creator.
Fundamentals of visual communication unit iii
Visual perception involves the five senses of sight, touch, smell, taste, and sound, as well as proprioception. It is the process by which we detect stimuli in the environment and take actions based on that information. Perception includes both bottom-up processing, where perception begins with sensory stimuli, and top-down processing, where contextual information aids perception. Optical illusions demonstrate how perception does not always match physical reality due to cognitive influences on what we see. Gestalt principles of perception, such as similarity, continuity, and closure, describe how we tend to group visual elements.
Depth perception by imran ali
Binocular cues like retinal disparity and convergence allow us to perceive depth through the slight differences between the views our two eyes receive. Monocular cues like occlusion, linear perspective, and size also provide depth information. Together, these depth cues from binocular and monocular vision enable humans to perceive the 3D structure of the world.
Depth cues
Binocular depth cues use both eyes to perceive depth and include retinal disparity and convergence. Retinal disparity occurs because each eye sees a slightly different image based on their positions, and convergence is the inward turning of the eyes to focus on closer objects. Monocular cues use a single eye and include linear perspective, interposition, texture gradient, relative size, and height in the visual field. A study by Turnbull found that the BaMbuti pygmies he observed did not use relative size well because their environment did not require that skill, showing that depth perception is learned rather than innate.
Final project post
This document summarizes the key points learned from a perception psychology class. It discusses how perception involves complex processes behind recognizing stimuli in the environment. The author was fascinated by how depth and size are perceived, including visual illusions like the Ponzo and Ames Room illusions. They conducted an experiment using the "thumb technique" to test if objects of different sizes could have the same visual angle. The document concludes by discussing how perception applies to everyday life and how the author will now view the world differently.
PSY 150 403 CHAPTER 6 SLIDES
This document provides an overview of key concepts in sensation and perception, as presented in a PowerPoint by Jim Foley. It discusses the senses and how sensory information is processed by the brain to form perceptions. Specific topics covered include the distinction between sensation and perception, thresholds, sensory adaptation, perceptual set, effects of context and emotion on perception, vision and color perception, visual processing in the brain, and how perceptual organization allows us to interpret sensory input.
Chapter 3 Psych. 1
The document summarizes key concepts about sensation and perception from a psychology textbook chapter. It defines sensation as the basic detection of stimuli by sensory receptors and perception as the interpretation and organization of sensory information. It describes the structure of the eye and visual system, including rods and cones, and discusses thresholds, color vision, perceptual organization principles like Gestalt, illusions, and depth perception cues.
Binocular Vision.pptx
This document discusses the basics of binocular vision. It defines binocular vision as the fusion of the two retinal images from both eyes into a single visual image, allowing for depth perception. It describes the key components needed for binocular vision, including clear vision in both eyes, neural pathways to fuse the images in the brain, and coordination of eye movements. It also discusses the development of binocular vision abilities from birth through childhood. Additionally, it explains important concepts such as retinal correspondence, Panum's area of fusion, stereopsis, suppression, and monocular depth cues that contribute to our three-dimensional vision.
CHAPTER 3PERCEPTIONGraham Pike, Graham Edgar, and Helen
CHAPTER 3
PERCEPTION
Graham Pike, Graham Edgar, and Helen Edgar
1 INTRODUCTION
If you have ever searched frantically for an object that
turns out to have been right in front of you all along,
then this chapter may make you feel better. For, as you
will see, perception of even the simplest object is actu-
ally a very complex aff air. So, next time you turn the
house upside down looking for your keys and then
fi nd them in the fi rst place you looked, remember that
your brain is using extremely sophisticated processes,
many of which are beyond even the most advanced
computer programs available today (not that com-
puter programs ever lose their keys!).
Th e sophistication of the cognitive processes that
allow us to perceive visually is perhaps, if perversely,
revealed best through the errors that our perceptual sys-
tem can make. Figure 3.1 contains three very simple
visual illusions that illustrate this. Image (a) is the Müller–
Lyer illusion, in which the vertical line on the left is per-
ceived as being longer even though both lines are of an
identical length. Image (b) is a Necker cube, in which it
is possible to perceive the cube in either of two perspec-
tives (although you can never see both at the same time
so please do not strain your eyes trying). Image (c) is
Kanizsa’s (1976) illusory square, in which a square is
perceived even though the image does not contain a
square but only four three-quarter-complete circles.
If the cognitive processes involved in perception
were simple, then it would be hard to see how the
eff ects in Figure 3.1 could occur. Aft er all, they are all
based on very straightforward geometric shapes that
should be easy to perceive accurately. Activity 3.1 dem-
onstrates that there must be more sophisticated pro-
cesses that have been developed to perceive the
complex visual environment, which get confused or
tricked by elements of these images. In fact the three
eff ects above are likely to be caused because our visual
system has evolved to perceive solid, three-dimen-
sional (3D) objects and attempts to interpret the two-
dimensional (2D) shapes as resulting from 3D scenes.
Perceptual errors arising from localized damage to
the brain also demonstrate the complexities involved
in visual perception. Some of the problems faced by
people suff ering from specifi c neuropsychological
conditions include: being able to recognize objects but
not faces (prosopagnosia); being able to perceive indi-
vidual parts of the environment but not to integrate
these parts into a whole; believing that one’s family has
been replaced by robots/aliens or impostors of the
same appearance (Capgras syndrome); and only being
able to perceive one side of an object (visual, or sen-
sory, neglect – see Chapter 2, Section 5.1).
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perception.pptx
Perception is the organization and interpretation of sensory information to understand one's environment. It involves signals in the nervous system resulting from stimulation of the senses. Perception provides organization and is an information extractor that prepares an individual to respond. It follows principles like figure-ground relationships and grouping stimuli based on proximity, similarity, continuity, closure, and symmetry. Perceptual constancy allows stable perception despite changes to sensory inputs. Depth is perceived through monocular cues like linear perspective and binocular cues like retinal disparity and eye convergence. Factors like senses, brain, memory, interests, needs, and illusions can influence perception. Hallucinations are perceptions without sensory stimuli.
Ob m5,m6,m7
Sensation refers to the process of sensing our environment through our five senses, while perception is how we interpret these sensations. There are several concepts related to sensation and perception, including:
1. Absolute and difference thresholds, which refer to the minimum amount of stimulus needed to detect a sensation and the minimum amount of change needed to detect a difference.
2. Gestalt principles of grouping, which describe how we tend to organize visual sensations into patterns and groups.
3. Perceptual constancy, or our ability to perceive objects as consistent despite changes in viewing conditions.
Perception involves selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensations. Factors like selective attention, perceptual expectancies, and schemas influence our
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Year 11 Perception 2
- 1. Perception of distance Complete the starter activity
- 2. Fiction We see something that is not actually there. Ambiguity When there is more than one Interpretation of the image on the retina Paradox This is a two dimensional image which cannot Exist as a three dimensional image Distortion This is when an Image appears to be Larger or a Different shape than It actually is
- 3. Connect the learning What is the difference between sensation and perception
- 5. Learning objective To be able to explain how we perceive depth
- 6. Input Distance refers to the ways in which perceive how far away objects are. This is also referred to as depth perception. The image that falls on the retina is two dimensional, so how can we perceive depth, which is three dimensional? We can do this using information from both eyes (binocular cues) or one eye (monocular cues).
- 7. Binocular depth cues Retinal disparity: Because each eye looks at the world from a different Viewpoint, we get two different views of an object. With both eyes open, the brain is receiving these two sets of information which create retinal disparity. The amount of retinal disparity gives an indication of the distance away of the object. Summarise the information Into bullet points
- 8. Ocular convergence The nearer the object is, the more the eyes turn inwards (convergence) in order to the object. Information passes From the eye muscles to the brain. It tells the brain how Much the eyes have turn inwards and therefore helps Us to perceive how far away the object is.
- 9. Demonstrate How do we perceive depth using Binocular cues? Retinal disparity Ocular convergence
- 11. Plenary Have you achieved the objective? To be able to explain how we perceive depth