The document discusses how a message from the Scythians to Darius, the King of Persia, was misunderstood, which led to deadly consequences. The Scythians' message used analogies of birds, mice, and frogs to warn the Persians to leave, but Darius misinterpreted it. This showed how using objects to convey information can lead to mistakes. Over time, peoples developed actual writing systems like cuneiform and hieroglyphs to send messages without distortion or misinterpretation.