This presentation was given by Cledan Mandri-Perrott, Lead Financial Officer, World Bank, at the OECD Southeast Asia Regional Forum, held March 25-26 in Bali, Indonesia.
Managing Risk Around Capital Structure, Liquidity, and Mission jsmatteo
The panel discusses managing risk around capital structure, liquidity, and mission at universities. They provide an overview of Washington University and University of Virginia's risk management approaches, which include developing comprehensive risk frameworks. A major topic is sizing optimal liquidity levels. Both schools are working to better quantify risks, stress test scenarios, and integrate risk management across departments given the interrelated nature of financial risks.
Effect of Audit Quality on Financial Performance Evidence from Deposit Money ...ijtsrd
This study investigates the effect of audit quality on the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted ex post facto research design, data for the study were collected from annual reports and accounts of quoted Nigerian deposit money banks. Regression analysis and coefficient correlation were employed to test the formulated hypotheses. Findings revealed that there is a significant effect between audit quality and financial performance of Nigerian deposit money banks. Based on this, the study recommends among others that the management of deposit money banks in Nigeria should increase the number of foreign directors that have skills, experience and would like to protect their integrity, reputation and professional competence. Ezejiofor, Raymond A. | Erhirhie, Felix E. "Effect of Audit Quality on Financial Performance: Evidence from Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18867.pdf
Equity funding process for a technocrat businessman
This is the second of the three-part learning program for a business to understand the importance of equity funding for business growth and financial turnaround. The three parts of the program are:
1. Strategic financial concepts for a promoter of technical background
2. Process of equity funding
3. Factors for success of equity funding deal
This presentation file is on the second part. The presentation narrates what are the long-term activities in terms of business strategy, financial strategy, corporate management and credit rating to enhance the investment worthiness of a company. Further, it deals with types of mergers and acquisitions, types of investors, basic concepts of equity funding, time frame of equity funding, cost of equity funding, process of equity funding, role of various professionals, etc. After that, it deals with the aspects such as confidentiality, financial intermediaries, economics of equity market, investor perspective and the reasons for success or failure of a deal.
#acquisitions #assetfinance #bank #banking #bridgefinance #broker #business #capital #ceo #chairman #companysecretary #consulting #contract #cxo #debt #director #equity #finance #financial #financing #funding #fundraising #irr #jointventure #loan #marketing #mergers #financialmodel #operations #privateequity #profit #return #services #sme #tech #technology #venture
This report for the G20/OECD Task Force on Financial Consumer Protection is based on extensive data collection and analysis of measures implemented by jurisdictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and longer-term implications.
The document discusses strengthening small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) financing in Europe through capital markets and public financial institutions. It notes that capital market financing for SMEs is underdeveloped in Europe compared to the US due to lack of market infrastructure, limited SME participation, and insufficient investor supply. The document outlines policy actions needed to develop market infrastructure, boost SME demand, and increase investor participation. It also discusses the potential role of public financial institutions in streamlining resources to increase financing availability and awareness for SMEs.
Investment sector strategy sme piece hm15.03.17Ntalemu
The document provides an overview of private sector investment opportunities in Ethiopia. It finds that while private sector development is a government priority, access to financing remains a key constraint, especially for small and medium enterprises. The strategy proposes providing technical assistance to mobilize various sources of local and foreign investment capital in order to stimulate greater private sector investment and job creation.
Financial inclusion in Turkey has relatively high account penetration compared to other countries, but there are significant gaps. While most adults have bank accounts, account usage is generally low, with the majority only depositing and withdrawing monthly wages. Savings levels are also low, with only 10% of adults reporting any savings in the past year. Financial literacy is an issue, as less than half of Turkish adults demonstrated understanding of basic financial concepts like interest and inflation in surveys. Addressing these gaps could help more Turkish individuals and businesses better manage their finances.
This document summarizes a 5-day training conference on Islamic banking hosted by AlHuda Centre of Islamic Banking and Economics. The conference aimed to educate participants on the principles and practices of Islamic banking, including Shariah-compliant financing modes like murabaha, salam, istisna, ijarah, and diminishing musharaka. It also covered topics such as Islamic insurance (takaful), Islamic bonds (sukuk), Islamic microfinance, and Islamic funds. The schedule outlines the daily sessions and topics to be discussed in depth over the course of the conference.
Managing Risk Around Capital Structure, Liquidity, and Mission jsmatteo
The panel discusses managing risk around capital structure, liquidity, and mission at universities. They provide an overview of Washington University and University of Virginia's risk management approaches, which include developing comprehensive risk frameworks. A major topic is sizing optimal liquidity levels. Both schools are working to better quantify risks, stress test scenarios, and integrate risk management across departments given the interrelated nature of financial risks.
Effect of Audit Quality on Financial Performance Evidence from Deposit Money ...ijtsrd
This study investigates the effect of audit quality on the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted ex post facto research design, data for the study were collected from annual reports and accounts of quoted Nigerian deposit money banks. Regression analysis and coefficient correlation were employed to test the formulated hypotheses. Findings revealed that there is a significant effect between audit quality and financial performance of Nigerian deposit money banks. Based on this, the study recommends among others that the management of deposit money banks in Nigeria should increase the number of foreign directors that have skills, experience and would like to protect their integrity, reputation and professional competence. Ezejiofor, Raymond A. | Erhirhie, Felix E. "Effect of Audit Quality on Financial Performance: Evidence from Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18867.pdf
Equity funding process for a technocrat businessman
This is the second of the three-part learning program for a business to understand the importance of equity funding for business growth and financial turnaround. The three parts of the program are:
1. Strategic financial concepts for a promoter of technical background
2. Process of equity funding
3. Factors for success of equity funding deal
This presentation file is on the second part. The presentation narrates what are the long-term activities in terms of business strategy, financial strategy, corporate management and credit rating to enhance the investment worthiness of a company. Further, it deals with types of mergers and acquisitions, types of investors, basic concepts of equity funding, time frame of equity funding, cost of equity funding, process of equity funding, role of various professionals, etc. After that, it deals with the aspects such as confidentiality, financial intermediaries, economics of equity market, investor perspective and the reasons for success or failure of a deal.
#acquisitions #assetfinance #bank #banking #bridgefinance #broker #business #capital #ceo #chairman #companysecretary #consulting #contract #cxo #debt #director #equity #finance #financial #financing #funding #fundraising #irr #jointventure #loan #marketing #mergers #financialmodel #operations #privateequity #profit #return #services #sme #tech #technology #venture
This report for the G20/OECD Task Force on Financial Consumer Protection is based on extensive data collection and analysis of measures implemented by jurisdictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and longer-term implications.
The document discusses strengthening small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) financing in Europe through capital markets and public financial institutions. It notes that capital market financing for SMEs is underdeveloped in Europe compared to the US due to lack of market infrastructure, limited SME participation, and insufficient investor supply. The document outlines policy actions needed to develop market infrastructure, boost SME demand, and increase investor participation. It also discusses the potential role of public financial institutions in streamlining resources to increase financing availability and awareness for SMEs.
Investment sector strategy sme piece hm15.03.17Ntalemu
The document provides an overview of private sector investment opportunities in Ethiopia. It finds that while private sector development is a government priority, access to financing remains a key constraint, especially for small and medium enterprises. The strategy proposes providing technical assistance to mobilize various sources of local and foreign investment capital in order to stimulate greater private sector investment and job creation.
Financial inclusion in Turkey has relatively high account penetration compared to other countries, but there are significant gaps. While most adults have bank accounts, account usage is generally low, with the majority only depositing and withdrawing monthly wages. Savings levels are also low, with only 10% of adults reporting any savings in the past year. Financial literacy is an issue, as less than half of Turkish adults demonstrated understanding of basic financial concepts like interest and inflation in surveys. Addressing these gaps could help more Turkish individuals and businesses better manage their finances.
This document summarizes a 5-day training conference on Islamic banking hosted by AlHuda Centre of Islamic Banking and Economics. The conference aimed to educate participants on the principles and practices of Islamic banking, including Shariah-compliant financing modes like murabaha, salam, istisna, ijarah, and diminishing musharaka. It also covered topics such as Islamic insurance (takaful), Islamic bonds (sukuk), Islamic microfinance, and Islamic funds. The schedule outlines the daily sessions and topics to be discussed in depth over the course of the conference.
Altman Bankruptcy Prediction Model and Corporate Governance An Empirical Stud...ijtsrd
The implications of the Altman bankruptcy prediction model on deposit money banks corporate governance in Nigeria are the subject of this research. The majority of these studies were undertaken in both Nigeria and other nations, and just a few of the Nigerian studies conducted their research in corporate firms other than the banking sector, and only a few of these banking sector studies ended in 2013. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of research on bankruptcy and corporate governance in Nigeria. Meanwhile, considering the dynamic nature of Nigerian deposit money banks, all previous research relate to a specific time span. As a result, the impact of the Altman bankruptcy prediction model on the corporate governance of Nigerian deposit money institutions was investigated in this study. The study aims to determine the impact of the Altman bankruptcy forecasting model on board independence in Nigerian deposit money banks, as well as if the model has an impact on board size in Nigerian deposit money banks. It was decided to use an ex post facto study design. From a population of 22 banks in Nigeria, a sample size of 9 deposit money banks was chosen. Data was gathered from the sampled banks annual reports and accounts for the years 2009 to 2019. With the help of E View 9.0, the study used regression analysis to examine the hypotheses. The Altman bankruptcy forecasting model has a beneficial influence on board independence however this effect is not significantly significant on deposit money institutions in Nigeria, according to the data reviewed. It was also discovered that while the Altman bankruptcy predicting model has a positive effect on board size, this effect is not statistically significant in Nigerian deposit money banks. Ezejiofor, Raymond A | Okerekeoti, Chinedu U "Altman Bankruptcy Prediction Model and Corporate Governance: An Empirical Study of Nigerian Banks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46387.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/46387/altman-bankruptcy-prediction-model-and-corporate-governance-an-empirical-study-of-nigerian-banks/ezejiofor-raymond-a
In 2013, the ban on general solicitation of accredited investors was lifted, causing the largest change to securities laws in decades. While everyone from startups to hedge funds will enjoy new liberties in investor marketing and outreach campaigns, it’s critical that the new rules are followed to a T, eliminating the chance for exemption rescission.
The document provides an economic update for Sri Lanka with the following key points:
- Commercial Bank was ranked the third most valuable brand in Sri Lanka and the highest ranked private sector brand, with a brand value of Rs 22.32 billion.
- Commercial Bank partnered with the European Investment Bank to provide financing under a SME Green Energy Credit Line for projects including SMEs, energy efficiency and renewable energy.
- The financial sector consolidation process in Sri Lanka is on track, with nine audit firms selected to evaluate banks and NBFIs and all institutions submitting merger and acquisition proposals by the March 31st deadline.
- Fitch affirmed Sri Lanka's long-term foreign currency issuer default rating at '
POTENTIAL INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN GCC HEALTHCARE DURING COVID PANDEMIC: A...DrHeena tiwari
This document discusses potential investment opportunities in healthcare in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region during the COVID-19 pandemic. It notes that while the pandemic is expected to severely impact GCC economies in the short term, it may also bring new opportunities from global trends such as reshoring of supply chains. The healthcare sector in particular is highlighted as an area that could attract increased foreign direct investment. Several GCC governments have implemented economic support measures to mitigate the crisis and attract investment, including reducing customs duties and fees.
Pepe baseline dissemination for circulationNtalemu
The document presents findings from a baseline survey of 429 firms across Ethiopia's priority sectors of leather, textiles, and horticulture as part of an evaluation of the Ethiopia Competitiveness Fund. Key findings include:
1) Firms reported major constraints including electricity, availability and quality of inputs, labor quality and availability, and access to finance. These constraints resulted in thousands of lost production days annually.
2) Over half of firms had introduced innovations in the last three years focused on increasing production capacity, though efficiency improvements were less common. Most plan to continue expanding production capacity.
3) Planned innovations over the next three years included increasing production capacity and accessing new markets, though levels of innovation varied
The document discusses task batching in MSBuild, where tasks are grouped and executed together based on metadata, and target batching, where targets are executed once per batch based on output attributes. It also covers incremental building in MSBuild, where targets are skipped if their inputs and outputs are up-to-date.
George Sterling was a poet born in 1869 in New York who was sent to a Catholic college in Maryland by his father, though Sterling was more interested in poetry. He was later sent by his father to live with his uncle in Oakland, California, where he found work but also had more freedom to pursue poetry. In San Francisco, Sterling was drawn to the bohemian lifestyle and clubs of artists and writers in the city. He saw bohemianism as requiring devotion to the arts and poverty. Sterling befriended the influential writer Ambrose Bierce and was greatly influenced by his guidance and introduction to classic works. One of Sterling's poems, "The Black Vulture," symbolizes death as a vulture and was
Milyen készségek kellenek, hogy egy IT Profi sikeres legyen a technikai tudás...Ferenc Pajor
Az IT profik sikeréhez már nem elegendő, hogy technikailag a top-on vannak. El kell sajátítani az interperszonális skilleket is. Ezek listája található itt
This document discusses three popular social media platforms - Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat. Facebook allows users to connect with people worldwide by uploading videos, photos, and posts and viewing live news feeds. Instagram focuses on sharing photos but also allows short videos and news feeds if following certain accounts. Snapchat enables taking pictures that disappear after a set time, and sharing photos with all followers on a 24-hour story.
The Business of Agile: Better, Faster, CheaperTechWell
Ryan Ripley relates that during his last agile transformation project, a key stakeholder asked, “Why are we adopting agile?” Ryan talked about increasing quality, delivering software sooner, and fostering a more collaborative relationship with business partners. After a few moments, the stakeholder raised his hand and said, “I get all that. But how is all of this agile stuff any better, faster, or cheaper than what we do today?” Ryan says that leaders must answer the better, faster, cheaper question if they want their agile transformation and associated projects to move forward. To prepare for this critical question, Ryan explores how better, faster, cheaper translates in an agile organization. Take away experiments to use with your agile teams to define better in your organization, an understanding of how agile helps teams deliver value faster to their stakeholders, and how working in an agile way can make business costs cheaper by reducing team turnover, enhancing learning through pairing, and reducing overall costs of product ownership.
The document lists various items needed for a picnic, school, the library, a day at the beach, a baby's bag, and a bathroom. It includes food, drinks, plates, toys, books, school supplies, toiletries, clothes, sun protection, and other miscellaneous accessories. The items are scattered throughout the document without categories or organization.
Narendrababu has over 7 years of experience in material master data management. He has worked with several oil and gas companies in Qatar and Kuwait on projects involving SAP material master data cleansing, de-duping, and creation. He has also lectured engineering subjects and led a project to codify and catalogue over 100,000 materials for an Indian steel company.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Xerrada de Josep M Dacosta sobre humor i fotografia. Si la fotografia és expressar-se amb imatges, la foto-gag-fia tracta sobre imatges humorístiques. Correspon a la conferència de Josep M Dacosta feta a Vilafant el 22.01.2016
This document discusses 10 ways to improve B2B marketing strategies. B2B marketing involves communicating with multiple decision makers within businesses. The tips include educating buyers early in their research, using case studies to demonstrate value, avoiding jargon, understanding customer needs, and responding promptly to inquiries. While B2B marketing is complex, following best practices like these tips can help sharpen strategies.
The document provides information about Dumitrescu & Partners, a business consulting company founded in Timișoara, Romania in 2002. It offers services related to setting up and managing companies, legal agreements, taxation, intellectual property, real estate, labor issues, and more. The company aims to protect clients' interests professionally and confidentially while maintaining independence. It prides itself on experience in various areas like setting up different types of companies, obtaining licenses and authorizations, drafting agreements, and more.
The document describes a novel approach for frequent pattern mining from large databases. It proposes constructing a tree structure based on a canonical (lexicographic) order of items rather than support count. This allows mining frequent patterns with a single pass over the database and supports incremental and iterative mining as transactions are added, deleted or modified. The algorithm is compared to existing methods like Apriori, FP-Growth, CATS-tree and CAN-tree which have limitations around candidate generation, multiple database scans or not supporting iterative/incremental mining. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach.
Altman Bankruptcy Prediction Model and Corporate Governance An Empirical Stud...ijtsrd
The implications of the Altman bankruptcy prediction model on deposit money banks corporate governance in Nigeria are the subject of this research. The majority of these studies were undertaken in both Nigeria and other nations, and just a few of the Nigerian studies conducted their research in corporate firms other than the banking sector, and only a few of these banking sector studies ended in 2013. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of research on bankruptcy and corporate governance in Nigeria. Meanwhile, considering the dynamic nature of Nigerian deposit money banks, all previous research relate to a specific time span. As a result, the impact of the Altman bankruptcy prediction model on the corporate governance of Nigerian deposit money institutions was investigated in this study. The study aims to determine the impact of the Altman bankruptcy forecasting model on board independence in Nigerian deposit money banks, as well as if the model has an impact on board size in Nigerian deposit money banks. It was decided to use an ex post facto study design. From a population of 22 banks in Nigeria, a sample size of 9 deposit money banks was chosen. Data was gathered from the sampled banks annual reports and accounts for the years 2009 to 2019. With the help of E View 9.0, the study used regression analysis to examine the hypotheses. The Altman bankruptcy forecasting model has a beneficial influence on board independence however this effect is not significantly significant on deposit money institutions in Nigeria, according to the data reviewed. It was also discovered that while the Altman bankruptcy predicting model has a positive effect on board size, this effect is not statistically significant in Nigerian deposit money banks. Ezejiofor, Raymond A | Okerekeoti, Chinedu U "Altman Bankruptcy Prediction Model and Corporate Governance: An Empirical Study of Nigerian Banks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46387.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/46387/altman-bankruptcy-prediction-model-and-corporate-governance-an-empirical-study-of-nigerian-banks/ezejiofor-raymond-a
In 2013, the ban on general solicitation of accredited investors was lifted, causing the largest change to securities laws in decades. While everyone from startups to hedge funds will enjoy new liberties in investor marketing and outreach campaigns, it’s critical that the new rules are followed to a T, eliminating the chance for exemption rescission.
The document provides an economic update for Sri Lanka with the following key points:
- Commercial Bank was ranked the third most valuable brand in Sri Lanka and the highest ranked private sector brand, with a brand value of Rs 22.32 billion.
- Commercial Bank partnered with the European Investment Bank to provide financing under a SME Green Energy Credit Line for projects including SMEs, energy efficiency and renewable energy.
- The financial sector consolidation process in Sri Lanka is on track, with nine audit firms selected to evaluate banks and NBFIs and all institutions submitting merger and acquisition proposals by the March 31st deadline.
- Fitch affirmed Sri Lanka's long-term foreign currency issuer default rating at '
POTENTIAL INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN GCC HEALTHCARE DURING COVID PANDEMIC: A...DrHeena tiwari
This document discusses potential investment opportunities in healthcare in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region during the COVID-19 pandemic. It notes that while the pandemic is expected to severely impact GCC economies in the short term, it may also bring new opportunities from global trends such as reshoring of supply chains. The healthcare sector in particular is highlighted as an area that could attract increased foreign direct investment. Several GCC governments have implemented economic support measures to mitigate the crisis and attract investment, including reducing customs duties and fees.
Pepe baseline dissemination for circulationNtalemu
The document presents findings from a baseline survey of 429 firms across Ethiopia's priority sectors of leather, textiles, and horticulture as part of an evaluation of the Ethiopia Competitiveness Fund. Key findings include:
1) Firms reported major constraints including electricity, availability and quality of inputs, labor quality and availability, and access to finance. These constraints resulted in thousands of lost production days annually.
2) Over half of firms had introduced innovations in the last three years focused on increasing production capacity, though efficiency improvements were less common. Most plan to continue expanding production capacity.
3) Planned innovations over the next three years included increasing production capacity and accessing new markets, though levels of innovation varied
The document discusses task batching in MSBuild, where tasks are grouped and executed together based on metadata, and target batching, where targets are executed once per batch based on output attributes. It also covers incremental building in MSBuild, where targets are skipped if their inputs and outputs are up-to-date.
George Sterling was a poet born in 1869 in New York who was sent to a Catholic college in Maryland by his father, though Sterling was more interested in poetry. He was later sent by his father to live with his uncle in Oakland, California, where he found work but also had more freedom to pursue poetry. In San Francisco, Sterling was drawn to the bohemian lifestyle and clubs of artists and writers in the city. He saw bohemianism as requiring devotion to the arts and poverty. Sterling befriended the influential writer Ambrose Bierce and was greatly influenced by his guidance and introduction to classic works. One of Sterling's poems, "The Black Vulture," symbolizes death as a vulture and was
Milyen készségek kellenek, hogy egy IT Profi sikeres legyen a technikai tudás...Ferenc Pajor
Az IT profik sikeréhez már nem elegendő, hogy technikailag a top-on vannak. El kell sajátítani az interperszonális skilleket is. Ezek listája található itt
This document discusses three popular social media platforms - Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat. Facebook allows users to connect with people worldwide by uploading videos, photos, and posts and viewing live news feeds. Instagram focuses on sharing photos but also allows short videos and news feeds if following certain accounts. Snapchat enables taking pictures that disappear after a set time, and sharing photos with all followers on a 24-hour story.
The Business of Agile: Better, Faster, CheaperTechWell
Ryan Ripley relates that during his last agile transformation project, a key stakeholder asked, “Why are we adopting agile?” Ryan talked about increasing quality, delivering software sooner, and fostering a more collaborative relationship with business partners. After a few moments, the stakeholder raised his hand and said, “I get all that. But how is all of this agile stuff any better, faster, or cheaper than what we do today?” Ryan says that leaders must answer the better, faster, cheaper question if they want their agile transformation and associated projects to move forward. To prepare for this critical question, Ryan explores how better, faster, cheaper translates in an agile organization. Take away experiments to use with your agile teams to define better in your organization, an understanding of how agile helps teams deliver value faster to their stakeholders, and how working in an agile way can make business costs cheaper by reducing team turnover, enhancing learning through pairing, and reducing overall costs of product ownership.
The document lists various items needed for a picnic, school, the library, a day at the beach, a baby's bag, and a bathroom. It includes food, drinks, plates, toys, books, school supplies, toiletries, clothes, sun protection, and other miscellaneous accessories. The items are scattered throughout the document without categories or organization.
Narendrababu has over 7 years of experience in material master data management. He has worked with several oil and gas companies in Qatar and Kuwait on projects involving SAP material master data cleansing, de-duping, and creation. He has also lectured engineering subjects and led a project to codify and catalogue over 100,000 materials for an Indian steel company.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Xerrada de Josep M Dacosta sobre humor i fotografia. Si la fotografia és expressar-se amb imatges, la foto-gag-fia tracta sobre imatges humorístiques. Correspon a la conferència de Josep M Dacosta feta a Vilafant el 22.01.2016
This document discusses 10 ways to improve B2B marketing strategies. B2B marketing involves communicating with multiple decision makers within businesses. The tips include educating buyers early in their research, using case studies to demonstrate value, avoiding jargon, understanding customer needs, and responding promptly to inquiries. While B2B marketing is complex, following best practices like these tips can help sharpen strategies.
The document provides information about Dumitrescu & Partners, a business consulting company founded in Timișoara, Romania in 2002. It offers services related to setting up and managing companies, legal agreements, taxation, intellectual property, real estate, labor issues, and more. The company aims to protect clients' interests professionally and confidentially while maintaining independence. It prides itself on experience in various areas like setting up different types of companies, obtaining licenses and authorizations, drafting agreements, and more.
The document describes a novel approach for frequent pattern mining from large databases. It proposes constructing a tree structure based on a canonical (lexicographic) order of items rather than support count. This allows mining frequent patterns with a single pass over the database and supports incremental and iterative mining as transactions are added, deleted or modified. The algorithm is compared to existing methods like Apriori, FP-Growth, CATS-tree and CAN-tree which have limitations around candidate generation, multiple database scans or not supporting iterative/incremental mining. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach.
Manjunath R has over 8 years of experience in human resources, payroll, statutory compliance, and operations. He is currently a Senior Payroll Administrator at Statestreet Services India Pvt Ltd where he manages compensation, benefits administration, and ensures statutory compliance. Previously, he held roles as Manager HR, Payroll & Operations at Growell HR Solutions Pvt Ltd and Senior Executive HR & Payroll at Pro hire Solutions where he handled recruitment, payroll processing, and statutory filings. He has expertise in various HR software and processes.
This document discusses frameworks for web design and usability. It recommends using frameworks that provide building blocks, design patterns, and interaction patterns that have been thoroughly tested. These frameworks can help designers understand user needs, human behaviors, and evaluate alternative design solutions to meet criteria for usable design. The frameworks are meant to go beyond individual patterns and provide a more complete solution for web design.
The document proposes a Technology Acquisition Fund (TAF) to help finance infrastructural development in developing nations. The TAF would collect tax-deductible contributions from major technology companies given the industry's significant growth. It estimates developing nations require $93-175 billion annually for infrastructure but only receive $40-83 billion currently. The TAF would identify viable development projects to fund using proceeds from technology product sales and services. Challenges include getting government adoption and regulations, matching funds to specific nations, and reluctance of tech companies to contribute.
Fintech for SME EDUCATION CENTER FOR UNIVERSITYRama116497
Small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) play a large role in many Asian economies, contributing significantly to employment and GDP. However, MSMEs face financing gaps due to higher costs and risks associated with lending to them. Fintech solutions can help fill this gap by leveraging technology. For example, alternative data and digital lending platforms can expand credit scoring to include more MSMEs. In Indonesia, regulated fintech services like peer-to-peer lending, equity crowdfunding, and project financing provide funding options for MSMEs. While fintech benefits MSMEs, there are also risks to consider such as data privacy, legal compliance, and understanding product terms.
Understanding the Roles of NGOs/NPOs for Impact Investing
This document discusses impact investing in Bangladesh and the roles of NGOs/NPOs. It provides an overview of impact investing, notable impact investment deals in Bangladesh, challenges faced by impact investors, and examples of social enterprises transitioning to blended models. Case studies are presented on BRAC implementing a development impact bond to fund innovative projects and Infrastructure Development Company Ltd receiving funding to promote private sector investment in energy efficient technologies for textile and garment sectors.
Infrastructure development - Holger Van Eden, IMFOECD Governance
The document discusses improving public investment efficiency through strengthening public investment management (PIM) systems. It summarizes key findings from IMF research showing that on average one-third of the potential impact of public investment is lost due to inefficiencies, but strengthening PIM can reduce this "efficiency gap" significantly. It introduces the IMF's Public Investment Management Assessment (PIMA) diagnostic tool to help countries evaluate their PIM institutions and identify reform priorities.
The document discusses public-private partnerships (PPP) for infrastructure development in ASEAN member states. It notes that while PPP is increasingly seen as an alternative to traditional financing, there are still many challenges to its utilization, especially in less developed ASEAN countries. The key issues discussed include misunderstandings around the roles of financing versus funding in PPP projects, differences in economic development levels across ASEAN states, and the need for simpler "lite PPP" models for smaller infrastructure projects. The document argues for a better understanding of PPP as one financing option among others, and consideration of each country's capabilities and project characteristics when determining the appropriate model.
Building Sector Concerns into Macroeconomic Financial Programming: Lessons fr...Dr Lendy Spires
This document discusses concerns around underinvestment in infrastructure, health, and education in developing countries during the 1990s. It presents two perspectives in the debate around "fiscal space" - whether countries can tolerate higher deficits if funds are invested in growth-enhancing sectors. The standard IMF financial programming model does not account for the link between public investment and growth. An alternative view is that investments create long-term assets and gains that justify short-term deficits. The paper aims to incorporate sector considerations into the financial programming framework to evaluate how different investment levels impact GDP and debt sustainability. It applies this model to Uganda and Senegal as case studies.
The document analyzes the strategic management performance of the National Bank of Egypt (NBE). It notes that NBE achieved record performance in FY 2019/2020, with total deposits reaching EGP 1.6 trillion. NBE's deposits approached EGP 2 trillion by end-March 2021, highlighting customer confidence. The bank aims to be the leading entity in the Egyptian banking sector by maximizing financial intermediation efficiency while safeguarding deposits and maximizing shareholder returns. A SWOT analysis identifies NBE's strong brand and large network as strengths, and high non-performing loans as a weakness.
The State of FinTech and the Time-Honored Rivalry Between Incumbents and Star...F-Prime Capital
Over the last few months, we have shared our perspective on the FinTech landscape with management teams at several large financial institutions and have summarized those views in this presentation. We look at how we arrived at this exciting period of FinTech disruption and what the next few years will look like -- how threatened are incumbents? which startups are likely to breakout? what does the emerging FinTech architectural stack look like?
It has some good data points and analysis, and we welcome comments and further discussion.
Needs of Countries in Special Situations: African Countries, LDCs, LLDCs, and...SDGsPlus
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Kanchan Dwivedi, a veteran/ Flt Lt & Stanford Alumna, is the Founder of LoanGinia Lending Fintech that gives small, personal & unsecured loans to salaried millennials in the organised sector in Bangalore. Their vision is Financial Inclusion. LoanGini is a socially responsible Fintech that is committed to donating 5 % of the loan processing fees to Akshay Patra.
Kanchan got inspired to provide access to capital to people with low or no credit score when she experienced a tough time in getting a loan, discovered that through Fintech P2P Lending, people can get loans. She was inspired to startup on hearing the Startup India Standup India call made by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, in 2016. She moved from Hong Kong to Bangalore & started LoanGini.
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Kanchan likes reading books, listening to Devotional, Bollywood & Western music. She keeps fit by going for walks, jogs, treks, doing Yoga, Pranayaam & meditation.
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East Asian Public-Private Partnerships in a Global Context
1. East Asian PPPs in a Global Context
Asia-Singapore Infrastructure Roundtable
Cledan Mandri-Perrott, Lead Financial Officer,
Infrastructure Policy
Singapore Hub
The World Bank
3. Infra Financing Gap
Current Infrastructure Finance
Yearly Infra Finance Needs – Developing Countries
c. $1 trillion
c. $ 1 - 1.5 trillion
PPI = $182 billion
MDBs = c.$40 billion
Green Investment Gap c. $ 0.2 – 0.5 trillion
4. Future financing requirements
for infrastructure
Future investment requirements
2020
EAP (35–50%)
ECA (5–15%)
LAC (10–15%)
MENA (5–10%)
SA (20–25%)
SSA (5–15%)
$1.8–$2.3
By region
2020
Water (15–30%)
Electricity (45–60%)
Telecom (10–15%)
Transport (15–25%)
$1.8–$2.3
By sector
Source: “Infrastructure for Development: Meeting the Challenge”, background paper for Brookings-G24 High-Level Seminar, April 11, 2012, Washington, DC. The estimates are based on various
World Bank papers and a paper on infrastructure prepared by the MDBs for the G20 in 2011.
Note: MENA=Middle East and North Africa; SSA=Sub-Saharan Africa; ECA=Eastern Europe and Central Asia’ LAC=Latin America and Carribean; SA=South Asia; EAP =East Asia and Pacific
($ trillion per year, 2008 constant prices – financing figures in $ billion)
4
5. $125 B
$30 B
$5 B
$58 B
$52 B
$26 B
$11 B
Private vs. PPP Priv & Public Debt & Equity
Divestitures
Telecom
Private Equity
Public Equity
Public Debt
Private Debt
PPPs
How much of PPI is private?
Source: World Bank Infrastructure Policy, PPI Database
7. Cumulative by Country over last 5 years
Source: World Bank Infrastructure Policy, PPI Database
8. Latin American APEC members tend to attract
more private investment in infrastructure…
Source: World Bank and PPIAF, Private Participation in Infrastructure Database
0.00% 0.40% 0.80% 1.20% 1.60% 2.00%
China
Vietnam
Indonesia
Malaysia
Thailand
Chile
Philippines
Mexico
Peru
PPI as a % of GDP in Low and Middle Income APEC Economies (excluding
telecom)
9. Room for Greater Leverage in EAP
0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0%
EAP
ECA
LAC
MNA
SA
AFR
PPI % of GDP, 2012
2
14
25
71
111
131
340
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
China
Indonesia
India
Russian Federation
South Africa
Turkey
Brazil
PPI Investment per person, 2012
Source: World Bank Infrastructure Policy, PPI Database
11. -0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
FDI/GDP
Country Risk
Correlation between Country Risk and predicted value of FDI/GDP
FDI/GDP predicted
Linear (FDI/GDP
predicted)
FDI and Sovereign Risk
Source: Araya, Schwartz & Andres, World Bank (2013)
12. PPI and Sovereign Risk
-0.003
-0.001
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.007
0.009
0.011
0.013
0 20 40 60 80 100
PPI/GDP
Country Risk
Correlation between the predicted value of PPI
Concessions/GDP and Country Risk
PPI
concessio
ns/GDP
predicted
Linear
(PPI
concessio
ns/GDP
predicted)
-0.003
-0.001
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.007
0.009
0.011
0.013
0 20 40 60 80 100
PPI/GDP
Country Risk
Correlation between the predicted value of PPI Greenfield/GDP and
Country Risk
PPI green
field/GDP
predicted
Linear (PPI
green
field/GDP
predicted)
Source: Araya, Schwartz & Andres (2013) Source: Araya, Schwartz & Andres (2013)
13. 13
New environment – costlier and more
uncertain
Before the crisis Now
Dominated by Banks
(US & Europe)
Caution by Commercial Banks:
Increase of financing costs &
restructuring balance sheets
due to Basel III
Monoline Insurance for total
wrap
Disappearance of Monoliners
Price (for UK): LIBOR +90bps Price (for UK): LIBOR + 275
bps
Term (for UK): 30 years Term (for UK): <7 years
18. UPSTREAM
knowledge
strategic
advice
transaction
support
financing
and
guarantees
PPP / Infra
Data & Trend
Analysis
M&E /
Impact
Evaluation
Infra
Planning &
Investment
Prioritization
Regulatory
Framework
PPP Units
and
Regulatory
Capacity
Best
Practices &
Standardized
Contracts
Sector
Strategy /
Market
Structure
Project
Design/
Feasibility
VGF
Estimates
/ Financial
Structure
Bidding
Documents
and
Transaction
Gov’t PPP /
VGF
Financing
DOWNSTREAM
Project
Pipeline
Development
Design of
New
Facilities
Design of
New Risk
Instruments
Private Debt
& Equity
Guarantees
Where is support needed
22. Debt Financing
Costs
Capital
Expenditures /
Depreciation
Operational
Expenditures
Dividends / Return
on Investment
Debt Financing
Cap Ex /
Depreciation
Op Ex
Dividends / RoI
Reduce
Costs
Revenues Costs
Costs with
Support
Loan, Partial Risk Guarantee,
Partial Credit Guarantee,
Political Risk Insurance
PRI, PRG, Financing of
project preparation
Analysis and Research
PPP design, regulation,
market structure. Equity
investment in providers
Political Risk Insurance,
Partial Risk Guarantee
d Rev’s
Cost Reduction
Measures
User Fees,
Tariffs or Tolls
Government
Transfers
WBG
Tools
Closing the Project Viability Gap
23. Assess PPP
Prospects
WBG Support for Infrastructure Finance
Projects
Transaction
Structuring
Implement
Tender
Bid Award
& Contract
Signing
Construction
& Commercial
Operation
Date
Contract
Management
1-2 months 6-9 months 9-12 months 1-2 months 2-3 years 10-30 years
Identification Phase 1: Structuring Phase 2: Implementation Project Construction & Operation
Project Preparation Active Project
IFC PPPAS (Structuring & Tendering Advice)
World Bank Policy Advice
IFC Equity Investment
World Bank / MIGA
IFC (Lender)
World Bank/MIGA
IFC Advisory/Investments
World Bank
Editor's Notes
Private INV in 2012 =182Telecom $52.4 billionDivestitures $5 billion Remaining INV = 124.6At this point at least 31.5% is private. Based on a survey of Brazil, India and Mexico done for our Brazil ESW for the remaining sectors En. Tr. and Water, Mexico had 38%+5% from = 43% from public sources, Brazil 70%+5% IFI=75% public Our report in India indicates that approximately 80% of debt is from public sources.I realize that I am taking shortcuts and not weighting the AVG, but here you end up with (43+75+80)/3= 66%If we assume a standard D/E ratio of 70:30, then .70 * .66 = .462 or 46.2% of the remainder 124.6 is from public sources. (i.e. 57.5 billion)57.5/182 = 32% from public debt sources or 57.5 billion Without telecom it would be about 46% Public sources may also finance these projects through equity, which has not been included here. In Russia, the percentage of private equity is only about 60%, in China it is 68%.
APEC member states in Latin America tend to have greater private participation in infrastructure, particularly in energy, transport and water.LATAM APEC countries have been better at attracting PPI, partly because of better institutional structures coupled with clarity of legal regime (contract enforceability) as well as better developed regulatory structures (gives long term certainty – a critical factor for long term investors)ASEAN APEC countries have a long way to catch up. In some instances (eg China) although public investment has increased as a share of the total infra investments, actual PPI has come down. For example, China:Attracts the lowest share of PPI in APEC (excluding US and Canada). China PPI has been reducing steadily from 4% in 2006 to 0.01% in 2011.Despite PPI reduction, China has rapidly increased its public spending on infrastructure since the financial crisis (possibly crowding out the private sector).
We built a panel data of 124 developing countries between1990 and 2010.The Country Risk ratings were obtained from Euromoney and are calculated as follows:• Political risk (25%—non-payment or non-servicing of payment for goods or services, loans, trade-related finance and dividends; and non-repatriation of capital)• Economic performance (25%—GNP per capita, and average from poll of economic projections)• Debt indicators (10%)• Debt in default or rescheduled (10%)• Credit ratings (10%—average of Moody's, S&P and Fitch IBCA)• Access to bank finance (5%)• Access to short-term finance (5%)• Access to capital markets (5%)• Discount on forfeiting (5%) (average maximum tenor for forfeiting and average spread overriskless countries)We also have the (International Country Risk) ICR ratings, and although EM and ICR move in similar directions and are highly correlated, we decided to use Euromoney’s ratings because the sample they offered was larger—it covers countries like Cambodia, Georgia, Rwanda and Tajikistan.These are the results of a random effect model, although the fixed effect model showed similar results.In this specification (with the lag of the explained variable as an explanatory variable) we can see a significant relation between between Country Risk and PPI/GDP, but not between Country Risk and FDI/GDP.The specification with a lag is utilized in the literature as an approach to forecasting. If we want to predict the percentage of investments, the country risk is an excellent predictor in the case of PPI, but not for the case of FDI where the coefficient related to Country Risk is zero.
We can see the same story when we breakdown by Greenfield Projects and Concessions Projects. On average the Greenfield projects are more sensitive than Concessions to a change in the country risk, but there are still very different investments for a given country risk, while for the case of Concessions the country risk has a more accurate impact for the whole sample.