The document outlines the operation and organization of railway workshops for maintaining rolling stock, highlighting the importance of spare parts and efficient repair processes. It emphasizes the need for cost control in workshops to prevent excess expenditures that could impact the overall profitability of the railways. Additionally, it discusses attendance regulations under the Factories Act and details related to workshop financial accounts and the incentive system for workers.

1. Presented by
Presented by
M.Nageswara Rao
M.Nageswara Rao
Sr.SO(A)/S.C.Rly
Sr.SO(A)/S.C.Rly
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2. 2

3. Introduction – Need of Workshops
“for keeping the Rolling stock (i.e., Locos, Coaches &
Wagons) in good repair and efficient maintenance of
the Railway Equipment”
Doing the above activity, the use of spare parts and fittings in
Doing the above activity, the use of spare parts and fittings in
replacement of worn out ones. Manufacture of such
replacement of worn out ones. Manufacture of such
duplicates was also undertaken in Workshops as aaregular
duplicates was also undertaken in Workshops as regular
arrangement to the extent Workshop capacity was available.
arrangement to the extent Workshop capacity was available.
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4. Organization - Different
types of Workshops
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5. Head of
Mechanical Dept.
controlling all
Mechanical Repair
Workshops
Direct control of affairs
of all the Workshops in
zone & responsibility of
budget in workshops
(in charge of
the respective
workshop)
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6. Introduction – Departmentalization of Workshops
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7. Introduction – individual shops
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8. Introduction – P C O (Production
Control Organization)
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9. Introduction – P C O (Production
Control Organization)
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10. Introduction – P C O (Production
Control Organization)
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11. Introduction – P C O (Production
Control Organization)
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12. 12

13. Attendance in Workshops – provisions of the Factories Act, 1948
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14. Attendance in Workshops – Opening and closing of Workshop
Gates
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15. Attendance in Workshops
Late attendance
Entry into Workshop & loss of wagesLate by
First period
Second period
Up to 3 minutes (Grace Allowed and no loss of
time)
wages
Allowed and no loss of
wages
3 minutes to 30
minutes
Allowed and loss of
half an hour wages
Not allowed and loss
of half a day wages
Beyond 30 minutes
Not allowed and loss
of half a day wages
Not allowed and loss
of half a day wages
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21. 21

22. Necessity of WMS
Railways are a commercial concern. Costs incurred in
Workshops affect maintenance costs of running the
Railways. Any extravagance in workshops is likely to tell
upon the operating costs resulting in erosion of profits.
It is therefore, necessary to have proper cost control over
expenses incurred in a Workshop. For this purpose, a Suspense
Head of account i.e., WMS is needed under which all expenses
in a Workshop are accumulated and analyzed so as to pinpoint
sources of waste and efficiency.
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27. 27

28. Workshop Account Current
Debit Side
Credit Side
To Opening Balance
Current year Debits
Current year Credits
1. To Labour
1. By Debits to Works
2. To Stores from Stock
2. By Debits to Cap. Suspense-Stores
3. To Stores - Direct Purchases
3. By Debits to Revenue
4. To Contractual payments
4. By Debits to F.Rlys.
5. To Misc. payments
Total Debits
Total Credits
By Closing Balance
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29. Closing Balance represents
1. Works done pending acceptance of Bills
2. Stores stock credits awaiting adjustment
3. Under/Over charges – A) Due to Average hourly rates B ) Due to on cost
rates C) Due to manufacturing costs
4. Miscellaneous Debits
5. Misc. Items needing clearance due to want of details
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30. Reconciliation
Reconciliation
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31. Review of WMS Balances
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32. Development Suspense Account
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33. History of incentive system
History of incentive system

34. Incentive Scheme – Salient features

35. FIXATION OF ALLOWED
TIME

36. ALLOWED TIME
ALLOWED TIME

37. For Direct workers

38. For Direct workers

39. For Direct workers
For Direct workers

40. SUPERVISOR & EIW

41. PITFALLS

42. PITFALLS

43. 43

44. 44

45. Points to be considered
Points to be considered
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