This presentation gives a brief of different system in an automobile like ignition, cooling and Exhaust System .

2. To run a automobile a number of machines and
mechanism are implemented.
Different Systems like ignition , transmission , cooling
,suspension, exhaust , braking system are used in a
automobile.
These all systems working in a single unit make the
automobile to work with it’s efficiency.

4. To start a car we simply turn the ignition switch
clockwise.
The science behind this stating a car is a perfect
application of electro-magnetic induction.

6. When we turn the ignition switch on , current flows
from battery to ignition coil.
One end of ignition coil is connected with contact
breaker.

8. A cam is connected directly to the camshaft .
It is used to open and close the contact breaker.
A condenser absorbs the back emf to increase the
life of contact points.
When the cam lob pushes the CB, the current flow
suddenly breaks .

11. A distributor is used to for voltage transmission .
Rotor revolves and transmit the current according to
ignition timing.
When the rotor comes exactly in front of the distributor
point the voltage jumps due to air gap.

14. Spark plug terminal consist of central electrode
, ground electrode and insulator.
Voltage passes through central electrode.
Insulator resist the voltage loss.
When voltage exceeds the dielectric strength of
gases , gases became ionized.
Current flows through air gap and spark Is
finally produced.

15. •

18. Continuous operation in IC engine raises the internal
temperature.
For safe working of engine ,a optimum temperature
should be maintained .
For this particular functioning Cooling System is very
essential.
Engine produces power by converting chemical energy
of fuel into the heat energy by combustion.
A part of total power produced is used to push the piston
to produce power.

23. Thermostat acts a regulating valve.
It restrict the flow of coolant until the temperature of
coolant increases at the working temp. of engine i.e. 200-
250 degree cel.
At this time the heater inside the cabin is turned on and
the coolant flows towards this.
It works as heat exchanger which radiate heat to the air
inside the passenger compartment.

27. The hot coolant flows through the upper radiator tank.
Radiator cap regulates the pressure inside the tank.
Opening of this cap allows the coolant to flow towards
the overflow tank.
Inside the radiator while flowing downwards the coolant
gives the heat to the ambient air and cools down.
Fan increases the draught.
Cooling Fins are used for better cooling effect.
When the coolant reaches to the lower tank , the temp .
Considerably comes downs.

32.  During the engine operation gases are burnt and these
burnt gases are required to get exhausted.
Engine exhaust system consist of exhaust manifold ,
catalytic convertor, resonator, muffler and tail pipe.
Exhaust gases along with sound wave are sent to
exhaust manifold through exhaust valve.

34. Catalytic convertor consist of two ceramic blocks.
One consist of Platinum and Rhodium while the
Second consist of platinum and palladium.
These metals act as catalyst.
The hot toxic gases enters in the 1st ceramic block
and heat it up .
The catalyst comes in action.

40. After flowing through catalytic convertor ,Gases
become less toxic but the consist to sound waves.
To cancel these sound waves gases are flew through
Muffler.
Muffler consist of 4chamber of different sizes.

47. www.theautopartsshop.com
Automobile Engineering by Kripal Singh.