1. The document provides a list of English words divided into three categories: low frequency words, moderate frequency words, and high frequency words.
2. It also provides the definitions for the words in the low and moderate frequency categories.
3. The lists focus on English words that Malaysian students in Form 1 are expected to be able to spell as part of the Johor Spelling Assessment Standard.
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Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
3. 85 Steer 85 diamond 85 Collect
86 Stiff 86 future 86 Colour
87 Stretch 87 discipline 87 Control
88 Struggle 88 Direction 88 Comb
89 Weather 89 Guess 89 Dance
90 Weed 90 Headache 90 Worry
91 Wicked 91 Loaf 91 Office
92 Winter 92 Harm 92 Wish
93 Witness 93 Manner 93 Dead
94 Worship 94 Measure 94 Dictionary
95 Wrap 95 Melt 95 Heal
96 Yacht 96 Rough 96 Mosque
97 Yawn 97 Separate 97 mountain
98 Yeast 98 Shallow 98 yesterday
99 Zigzag 99 Steady 99 zero
100 Zodiac 10 Wise 100 young
0
DEFINITIONS OF WORDS
LOW FREQUENCY
No Word Meaning
1 ache a continuous pain
2 adopt take else’s child into one’s family
3 adventure Exciting or dangerous journey or activity
4 advertisement Notice in a newspaper, on television, etc of something to sale
5 backbone The spine
6 against In opposition to
7 agriculture Science or practice of farming
8 altogether Completely
9 ancient Belonging to times long ago
10 beggar a person who lives by begging
11 behave shows good manner
12 behaviour way of behaving
13 being existence
14 beneath below or under
15 birth being born
16 boast talk with too much pride
17 breath air taken into and sent out of lung
18 coward a person who avoids danger and responsibility
19 bribe something given to somebody to persuade him/her to do
something
20 brick baked clay used for building
21 conquer take possession of something by force
4. 22 courage ability to control one’s fear when facing danger
23 dare have courage to do something
24 death dying or being killed
25 delay postpone
26 deliver take something to houses or buyers
27 describe say what about somebody or something
28 haste quickness of movement
29 develop become or make larger
30 devil the supreme spirit of evil
31 shield piece of metal carried to protect the body when fighting
32 solve find the answer
33 spread (VB) become more widely known
34 steer (VB) direct the course of boat/ car etc
35 stiff not easily bend or folded
36 stretch make wider, longer or tighter by pulling
37 struggle make great efforts
38 weather condition of sun , wind, temperature at a particular area and
time
39 yacht light sailing boat
40 yawn open the mouth wide and breathe in, as when sleepy or bored
MODERATE FREQUENCY
No Word Meaning
1 afraid frighten
2 agree say yes to something
3 ahead further forward in space or time
4 allow give permission to somebody to do something
5 almost very nearly
6 already before now
7 ambition strong desire to be successful
8 among surrounded by
9 amount total of or quantity
10 arrest seize by the authority of law
11 article piece of writing in newspaper
12 asleep sleeping
13 attack violent attempt to hurt or defeat somebody or something
14 attract get the attention of
15 autumn season of the year between summer and winter
16 avoid keep oneself away from
17 awake not asleep
18 away to or at a distance from something
19 bake cook in an oven
20 band group of musicians
5. 21 basic fundamental
22 base (N) lowest part of something
23 bath act of washing one’s body
24 beard hair growing on man’s chin and cheeks
25 cough push air out from the lung violently and noisily
26 counter (N) flat surface where goods are shown
27 deaf unable to hear
28 discover find or learn about for the first time
29 opposite completely different
30 decide think about something and come to a conclusion
31 deep going a long way down from the top or surface
32 degree unit of measurement for temperature
33 gentle not rough or violent
34 discuss talk about something
35 rough (N) the surface not smooth or level
36 separate divided or not join
37 shallow not deep
38 steady firmly fixed or supported
39 wise having or showing experience, knowledge and good judgment
40 future the time that will come after the present
HIGH FREQUENCY
No Word Meaning
1 above higher than
2 abroad(ADV) another country
3 accept agree to take
4 accident event that happens unexpectedly causing injury or damage
5 account (VB) an explanation of something
6 across from one side to the other side
7 again once more
8 along from one end to the other end
9 aloud in a voice loud enough to be heard
10 always at all times
11 angle (N) space between two lines that meet
12 bill printed notice
13 bite cut into something with the teeth
14 blow (VB) send out air from the mouth
15 boat small open vessel for traveling on water
16 collect come or bring together
17 shame sad feeling resulting from guilt
18 rough a surface which is not level or smooth
19 control power to direct
20 dance movement and steps in time to music
6. 21 dead no longer living
22 gentle not rough or violent
23 greet welcome
24 guard (N) a person who watches over somebody or something
25 hate have a great dislikes for
26 heal become or make healthy again
27 healthy a good condition of the body or mind
28 listen try to hear
29 lonely sad because one does not have any friends
30 mosque building in which Muslims worship
31 mountain (N) mass of very high rock with steep sides
32 science organized knowledge obtained by observations and testing of
facts
33 scissors instrument with two blades, used for cutting
34 screw(N) metal pin with a spiral groove cut round its length
35 stick (N) small thin piece of wood
36 wish want to do something
37 worry be anxious about somebody or something
38 yesterday the day before today
39 young having lived or existed for a short time
40 zero nothing