This document provides summaries and context about various topics including: - Moby Dick by Herman Melville, including characters, themes, and film adaptations. - Videos and talks by author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie on the importance of stories, feminism, and truth telling. - The novel "Can Love Happen Twice?" by Ravinder Singh which explores whether love stories can have sequels. - Background on authors Arundhati Roy and her novel "The God of Small Things."

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Ashish Pithadiya
[Email address]

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Contents
About Moby Dick.......................................................................................................................... 2
Themes..................................................................................................................................3
 The Limits of Knowledge,............................................................................................ 4
 The Deceptiveness of Fate,........................................................................................ 4
 The Exploitative Nature of Whaling, ...........................................................................4
About Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.................................................................................................4
Talk on importance of Story/Literature ...................................................................................... 5
All should be feminist................................................................................................................ 7
Importance of Truthin post truth Era......................................................................................... 9
can love happen twice ? by Ravinder Singh .................................................................................. 10
1. The God of small things :-................................................................................................ 13
2. The ministry of utmost happiness.................................................................................... 13
Northrop Frye 's theory of Archetypal criticism............................................................................. 15
GirishKarnad : The Artist, the citizen and the question of truth..................................................... 17
Book: An Era of Darkness......................................................................................................... 19
Rang Mohan Youth Festival......................................................................................................... 20
Filmsof postcolonial studies:- The BlackPrince,Midnight'sChildrenandThe Reluctant
Fundamentalist.......................................................................................................................... 29
1. The Black Prince :-............................................................................................................... 31
2. Midnight's Children :- ....................................................................................................... 32
3. The Reluctant Fundamentalist :-........................................................................................... 33
Orientalism................................................................................................................................ 38
About movie :-........................................................................................................................ 40
Cultural Studies.......................................................................................................................... 45
What is Cultural Studies?..................................................................................................... 45
River & Tides.............................................................................................................................. 46
Talk with author Dr. Vishal Bhadani ............................................................................................. 48
Interaction With Professor Of France........................................................................................... 48
Blog On "Youth festival".............................................................................................................. 51
"Youth festival".................................................................................................................. 51
Discussion On Mario Vargas Llosa................................................................................................ 52
In Defence Of Freedom :- A Film ByNandita Das........................................................................... 53
Movie Review "Lagaan" .............................................................................................................. 54

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Blog on Moby Dick
About Moby Dick
The novel Moby Dick was the sixth novel published by Herman Melville, a
landmark of American literature that mixed a number of literary styles
including a fictional adventure story, historical detail and even scientific
discussion. The story of the voyage of the whaling ship Pequod , the novel
draws at least partially from the experiences of its author while a sailor and
a harpooner on whaling ships before settling in New England as a writer.
The title character of Moby Dick was inspired by an article in Knickerbocker
magazine in May 1839 entitled "Mocha Dick: or the White Whale of the
Pacific." The author of this article, Jeremiah Reynolds, detailed the capture
of a giant sperm whale legendary among whalers for its vicious attacks on
ships. The whale was named as such after the Mocha Islands, the area
where the whale was commonly sighted ("Dick" was used simply because it
was a common male name). The origin of the "Moby" of the novel's title has
never been conclusively determined.
By the time Melville had begun work on Moby Dick, he had lost a great deal
of renown as a novelist following several disappointing novels. He intended
Moby Dick as a return to the type of adventure stories such as Typee and

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Omoo that made his reputation, but the novel instead took a different turn.
In his letters he described the novel as a romantic and fanciful adventure,
yet the final novel took a far different turn. During this time Melville had
become deeply influenced by his author and neighbor Nathaniel
Hawthorne, whose cynical and imposing works bear some resemblance to
the tragic epic that Melville produced. Shifting away from the romantic
adventure he had promised his publisher and influenced by Shakespeare
and Hawthorne, Melville delivered instead a bleak and digressive
narrative.The first publication of Moby Dick was in London in October of
1851. Entitled The Whale, the novel was published in three volumes and
was censored for some of its political and moral content. The British
publisher of the novel, Richard Bentley, inadvertently left out the Epilogue
to the novel, leading many critics to wonder how the tale could be told in
the first person by Ishmael, when the final chapter witnesses the sinking of
the Pequod with presumably no survivors.
The first American publication of the novel came the following month. The
American version of the novel, published by Harper & Brothers, although
fixing the narrative error of the British version through the inclusion of the
epilogue, was poorly received by critics and readers who expected a
romantic high seas adventure akin to Melville's first successes. The
reputation of the novel floundered for many years, and it was only after
Melville's death that it became considered one of the major novels in
American literature.
characters
- Moby Dick,
- Queequeg ,
- Father Mapple,
- Starbuck ,
- Fedallah ,
- Pip ,
- Elijah ,
- Stubb ,
- Perth ,
- Gabriel,
- Bildad ,
Themes

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 The Limits of Knowledge,
 The Deceptiveness of Fate,
 The Exploitative Nature of Whaling,
Film based on Moby Dick Novel
Moby Dick (alternatively titled 2010: Moby Dick or Moby Dick: 2010) is a 2010 film
adaptation of Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick. The film is an Asylum production,
and stars Barry Bostwick as Captain Ahab. It also stars Renee O'Connor, Michael B.
Teh, and Adam Grimes and is directed by Trey Stokes.
Reference and Adaption:
https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/mobydick/themes/
https://www.gradesaver.com/moby-dick
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moby_Dick_(2010_film)
Thinking activity: Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
Hello Readers,
This is a part of my Sunday activity. we see three videos by Chimamanda Ngozi
Adichie and write about her videos, task given by Dr. Dilip Barad.
About Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

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Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie grew up in Nigeria.
"Her work has been translated into over thirty languages and has
appeared in various publications, including The New Yorker, Granta,
The O. Henry Prize Stories, the Financial Times,and Zoetrope. She is
the author of the novels Purple Hibiscus,which won the
Commonwealth Writers’ Prize and the Hurston/Wright Legacy Award;
Half of a Yellow Sun, which won the Orange Prize and was a National
Book Critics Circle Award Finalist and a New York Times Notable
Book; and Americanah,which won the National Book Critics Circle
Award and was named one of The New York Times Top Ten Best
Books of 2013. Ms. Adichie is also the author of the story
collection The Thing Around Your Neck."
Talk on importance of Story/Literature

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The beginning of the video. she said I'm a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few
personal stories about what I like to call "the danger of the single story."
She said, I I was on early reader and what I read the British & American children's
books. She began to write at the age of 7. Story in pencil with crayon illustrations.
She said"I was also anearly writer, and when I beganto write, at about the age of
seven, stories inpencil withcrayonillustrations that my poor mother was obligatedto
read, I wrote exactly the kinds of stories Iwas reading: All my characters were white and
blue-eyed."
She said, My character also drinking lot of Ginger beer, because the character in
the British books I read ginger beer. Never mind that I had no idea what Ginger
beer was.
The line "drank Ginger beer" shows the negative side of British country. She said
that Chinua Achebe & Camara Laye change her perspective of literature.
Her words, "But because of writers like Chinua Achebe and Camara Laye, Iwent
through a mental shift in my perceptionof literature"
Now, she started reading American & British book and opened new words for her.
She said that African writers save her from having a single story of what books are.
she also said about her family, her father was a professor, her mother was an
administrator & she also talked about the poor condition of our country.
Her words, "Icome from a conventional, middle-class Nigerianfamily. My father was a
professor. Mymother was an administrator. And so we had, as was the norm, live-in
domestic help, who would oftencome from nearby rural villages. So, the year I turned

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eight, we got a new house boy. His name was Fide. The only thing my mother told us
about him was that his familywas very poor. My mother sent yams and rice, and our old
clothes, to his family. And when I didn't finishmy dinner, my mother would say, "Finish
your food! Don't youknow? People like Fide's familyhave nothing." So I felt enormous
pityfor Fide's family."
"Then one Saturday, we went to his village to visit, and his mother showed us a beautifully
patterned basket madeof dyed raffia that his brother had made. I was startled. It had not
occurred to me that anybody in his family could actually make something. All I had heard
about them was how poor they were, so that it had become impossiblefor me to see
them as anything else but poor. Their povertywas my single storyof them."
"Years later, I thought about this when I left Nigeria to go to universityin the United
States. I was 19. My Americanroommate was shocked byme. She asked where I had
learned to speak Englishso well, and was confused when I said that Nigeria happenedto
have Englishas its official language. She asked if she could listento what she called my
"tribal music," and was consequentlyvery disappointed whenI produced mytape of
MariahCarey."
Her words, "Years later, Ithought about this when I left Nigeria to go to universityin the
United States. I was 19. My Americanroommatewas shocked byme. She asked where I
had learned to speak Englishso well, and was confused when I said that
Nigeria happened to have Englishas its official language."
The roommate can't believe that she speaking English very well. it shows the
mentality of white people to black people.
All should be feminist

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What is feminist?
"Feminism is a social movement and ideology that fights for the political,
economic and social rights for women. Feminists believe that men and
women are equal, and women deserve the same rights as men in
society. The feminist movement has fought for many different causes,
such as the right for women to vote, the right to work and the right to live
free from violence."
She start by telling about her friend Okolama Maduewesi & she said," Okoloma was
a personI could argue with, laugh with and truly talk to. He was also the first personto call
me a feminist."
Her words,"I did not know exactly what this word "feminist"meant, and I did not want
Okoloma to know that I did not know. So I brushed it aside, and I continued to argue. And
the first thing I planned to do when I got home was to look up the word "feminist" inthe
dictionary."
She don't know real meaning of feminists. She find out the real meaning with help
of the dictionary. that's so funny.
Her word, "At Nigerianwomantold me that feminism was not our culture and that
feminism wasn't African"
This line shows the mentality or African people. She called her self 'A happy
feminist'

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Her word,"Now here's a storyfrom my childhood. When I was in primaryschool, my
teacher said at the beginning of term that she would give the class a test and whoever got
the highest score would be the class monitor. Now, class monitor was a big deal. If you
were a class monitor, you got to write down the names of noisemakers --
"whichwas having enough power of its own. But my teacher would also give you a cane
to hold in your hand while you walk around and patrol the class for noisemakers. Now, of
course you were not actually allowed to use the cane. But it was an exciting prospect for
the nine-year-old me. I very much wanted to be the class monitor. And I got the highest
score onthe test. Then, to my surprise, myteacher said that the monitor had to be a
boy. She had forgottento make that clear earlier because she assumed it was ..."
"A boyhad the second highest score onthe test, and he would be monitor. Now, what
was even more interesting about this is that the boy was a sweet, gentle soul who had no
interest inpatrolling the class with the cane, while I was full of ambitionto do so. But I was
female and he was male, and so he became the class monitor. And I've never forgotten
that incident."
She shared with one incident of classroom monitor & this incident shows the
gender differences in African society.
Importance of Truth in post truth Era
What is Post truth Era?

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"Relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in
shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief."
According lexico.com
she talked about the courage of speaking truth. truth is a dangerous weapon in this
21st century.
I love the last video, because she talked about truth & never tell lie to yourself. You
clone yourself better than other so never hide or never says lie to yourself. In
African literature, I studied Black Skin White Mask & Grain Of Wheat by Ngiugu Wa
Thiango.
About "Black skin, White Mask"
"In Black Skin, White Masks, Frantz Fanon combines autobiography, case study,
philosophy, and psychoanalytic theory in order to describe and analyze the
experience of Black men and women in white-controlled societies. He is especially
interested in the experience of Black people from French-colonized islands in the
Caribbean, like himself, who have come to live in France themselves. He explores
how these people are encouraged by a racist society to want to become white, but
then experience serious psychological problems because they aren't able to do
so."Black skin white masks shows the condition of black people.
Here I try to analysis some quotes of 'Black Skin, White Mask."
Click here to open.
Reference & Adaptation:
https://www.chimamanda.com/about-chimamanda/
https://www.ted.com/talks/chimamanda_ngozi_adichie_the_danger_of_a_single_story
https://www.ted.com/talks/chimamanda_ngozi_adichie_we_should_all_be_feminists/transcri
pt
https://www.lexico.com/definition/post-truth
https://www.gradesaver.com/black-skin-white-masks/study-guide/summary
can love happen twice ? by Ravinder Singh

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So many people asked me that why you read this book ? so first I want to tell you
why I read this book. I don't know why I am reading this book may be the title of
the book 'Can Love Happen Twice' attract me, may be not, may be it is my love
story, may be not, may be I love those books based on love story, may be not, may
be I can see my shadow in Ravin, may be not. I will never tell you the real reason
why I am reading this book.

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when Ravin first said ' I love you ... he meant it forever. The world has known this
through Ravin's best selling novel 'I to had a love story'. but did Ravin's story
really end on the last page of the that book ?
On valentine's day, a radio station on Chandigarh hosts a very special romantic
chat show. Ravin and his three friends are invited as guest to talk about Ravin's
love story. but surprisingly, everyone apart from Ravin turns up. As the show goes
live, there is only one question on every listener's mind - what happened to Ravin ?
To answer this question, the three friends begin reading from a handwritten copy
of Ravin's incomplete second book- the entire city listens breathlessly, unable to
believe the revelation that follow.
This highly anticipated novel by Ravinder Singh is an emotional roller coaster that
bravely explores the highs and lows of love.
Thank You.
Arundhati Roy
About Arundhati Roy
She was born in Shillong, Meghalaya. She spent her childhood in Kerala. She left
Kerala for Delhi at age 16.
Arundhati met film maker husband in 1984.she acted in the role of the village girl in
the award winning movie 'Massey Sahib'. She begin writing the God of small things
in 1992 and finished in 1996. The book was sold in 21 countries. This is semi auto
biography and a major part captures on childhood experience.
Roy was awarded the Sydney peace prize in May, 2004, for work in a social
campaigns and advocacy of nonviolence.
Here I'm talk about two novels by Arundhati Roy

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1. The God of small things :-
In this novel Roy talk about:-
- Small things (in our society concerned with "Big Thing") such as the caste system
- The Grotesque :- very beginning when Rahel images ceiling paint dying on the floor
blood spelling from his skull on the floor.
- Homecoming
- Cultural Hybridity
- Colonial history
2. The ministry of utmost happiness
- Sexual Identity :- Aftab is the first boy of the house, his parents decide to getting
treatment
to prevent his female characteristics to take over.
- Religious intolerance
- Freedom
I think Arundhati Roy is the best writer. she talked about contemporary issues like
religious, history, politics, cultural hybridity, sexual identity, and many more.
Workshop on Quality and Authenticity of Web Resources
The department of English M.K. Bhavnagar University organized workshop on
Quality and Authenticity of web resources.(20 November, 2019)
In this workshop we learn that how which peramiters are used to check the
authenticity of web resources.

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The group task given to us by Dr.Dilip Barad was to analyse the web resources to
frequently used by us to gain our knowledge related to study.
I (Ashish Pithadiya) and Vishwa Gajjar we analysed 4 different sites which we use
frequently for study purpose.
We followed this chart for analysis and we got following average of the sites.
1. Gradesaver.com - 2.8
2. litcharts.com - 3
3. Nobelbiographoes.com -2.8
4. JSTOR.org - 4
1. Gradesaver.com
Gradesaver was founded in April 1999. It is one of the top editing and good
educational value and the most of the basic information is covered. It does not have
information in depth.
2. litcharts.com

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Thus site helps us in improving the close reading. They give the brief quotes.
Information is all in very much deatail. So that students can easily that the whole
idea of the perticular text.
3. Notablebiographies.com
Thus site is good for the Biographies. They give very much deataied information
about the writer and the work they have done.
4. Jstor.com
It is a digital library of academic journals books and primary sources. They have the
best of the knowledge with the detailed information. It also provides a idea for a
beginer to write a research paper and how to have appropriate title of topic.is also
provide the best quality.
References and Adaptations :-
https://classroom.google.com/c/NDczMDM2NDIzNTNa/a/NDc1NTg4NTM2MDNa/det
ails
Oneness Of Literature
Literature has different form but it connected with each other, where it is
new or old. When new work comes it is modified by write but for the previous
work it the readjustment. It call constancy between the old and the new
literature.
Northrop Frye 's theory of Archetypal criticism is based on the
idea that whole of literature has oneness. In the Archetypal Criticism
Northrop Frye talked about seasons. He says that our emotions and
feelings are related with season.
T.S Eliot
In essay “Tradition and Individual Talent” Eliot talks about Pastness
of past and its relevance with present. He was also emphasis on historical
sense. Sense of history is most important to understand any text.
We find oneness of literature in T.S.Eliot's ''The Waste Land'' and
Anton Chekhov's ''A Joke''.In Waste land we find this lines which is
connected with Chekhov's short story.

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And when we were children, staying at the archduke's,
My cousin's, he took me out on a sled,
And I was frightened. He said, Marie,
Marie, hold on tight. And down we went.
In the mountains, there you feel free.
These are the lines from Wasteland. In this lines Marie feels
Nostalgic. In this line we can find that one male person who is her cousin tells
her to hold her tight. So he take advantage of Marie fear and tells her to hold
him tightly. So in this lines shows the sexual perversion. Also it shows that the
girl is not free because of her fear So we can see the spiritual degradation and
sexual perversion and lust in this lines.
"A Joke" by Anton Chekhov
We can find many similarities in short story of Chekhov and these
lines of Waste Land. In both the context surrounding and incidents are same.
In both the context driving on sled plays important role to evoke such
emotions. Or we can say one difference, there is attraction for opposite
gender while in short story it is only love.
As oneness of all literature the archetypal symbols, situations, are
archetypes of love story. Like Nadia remembers her happy days of lovely
past.
The short story is based on love story so, there is some symbol of
mountain, Garden, it's kind of imaginary or their is two characters talk with
each other and they're express they view regarding in sexual Desire, sexual
excitement, sexual perversion. Where the theme of the poem "Spiritual
degradation", where all are burning with lustful fire because in the story both
are going in the hill and enjoying and this point Shaw degradation. In the both
Wasteland and A joke we find sexual perversion.

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"A joke" by Anton Chekhov is translated in Gujrati language.It is published
in the Gujrat Samachar Newspaper. The title of this story is " Nankdi Majak".
Because it translated into Gujrati. This story has lost its charm. Also in the
Gujrati story few lines are not translated. So the translation of any work lost
its original charm after translation. The same thing happens here. writer has
not translated well also the few words lost their charm after the translation.
Girish Karnad : The Artist, the citizen and the question of truth
Girish Karnad was an Indian Actor, Film director and Kannada Writer. His Notable works are,

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1. Tughalak 1964
2. Taledanda
He had Predominantly worked in South India and also in Cinema. He was a recipient of 1998
Jananpith Award and this was the highest literary honour conferred in India. He also conferred the Padma
Bhushan and the Bagged several accolades for Kannda cinema. He started his acting with 1970 Kannada
film Samskara. After that, he worked in other popular Kannada Movies like Tabbaliyu , Ondanondu
Kaladalli , Cheluvi etc. He was known for his role as Swami's Father in the Doordarshan adaptation of
"Mlgudi Days". He also worked in Hindi Movies likeNishaant, Manthan, Swami and Pukar etc and also
seen in "Ek Tha Tiger and "Tiger Zinda Hai". He also resists against wrong ideas. He was a firm voice
protesting writers and Journalists in India. Karnad wrote his first play "Yayati" in 1961 while studying at
Oxford University.
He passed away in Bengaluru.
This was also big controversy. Karnad said that
" It would been 'Apt' had the Bengaluru Internation Airport at Devanahalli near here been
named after Tipu Sultan rater than Kempegowda, a feudatory ruler under the erstwhile
Vijayanagar Empire which founded Bengaluru in 1537".
and he also said that,
" I feel that if Tipu Sultan was Hindu and not Muslim he would have attained the position in
Karnataka that Shivaji Maharaj enjoy in Maharashtra"
Through this two statement we can say that people may not agree with him because of Cast or
may they thing that Karnad believed in cast system. After that "anti-Kannada and anti-Hindu" [ By
people] Karnad said that,
" Today when we are celebrating this day as Deepawali and Tipu Sultan Day, we can also
celebrate it as Bihar Day."
So we can see that he was not in favor of any political Parties like BJP but has always made
known his ideological opposition to Political parties.
References & Adaptation:-
https://vishvagajjar201820.blogspot.com/search?q=Girish+Karnad+%3A+The+Artist%2C+the+citizen
+and+the+question+of+truth
Thiong'o, Tharoor and Films on Colonial History
Shashi Tharoor is an Indian politician, writer and a former career
internationaldiplomat who is currently servingas Member of Parliament,
Lok Sabha from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, since2009.

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Book: An Era of Darkness
The fulltitle of the book is An Era of Darkness: The British Empire In India.
If we talk about how idea of the book and book itself cometo existence it
has own story. Actually Tharoor wentto Oxford Union in 2015 and take
part in debate. The topic on which he gave speech is "Does Britain owe
reparationsto it's on former colonies?" The speech wentviral.
Subsequently his publisher. Flores the idea to transform speech into book.
So, in this way the book An Era of Darknesscomes.
The book is results of speech which has given in Oxford Union. So let me
first identify some of the key points from speech.
· The very first thing he talks about the economiccondition of colonies
was actually versant by exist of British Colonialism. He takes the example of
Indiaand say that Indiashares world economicof 23 presentwhen Britain
arrived. Butby the time they left it wasbelow 4 present.
· The next he talk about that duringthe they stay in Indiabetween 15
to 29 million Indian died because of starvation. The great example of it is
great Bangalfamen during2nd world war. Becausethe food is given to
European asstoke by Winston Churchill.
· He further say that violence and racism was reality of colonial
British empire.
· Then he make satire on quote “The sun never set on British Empire. "
He say that even god cannottrust English in dark.

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Key points from book:
· The point wesee in speech are included in book but still there are
some other points are also include.
· The first point in book and in speech is common. Hetalk about the
economic condision of India. Butin book we found examplefrom Indian
textile market.
· Accordingto hum India inherit the ruralpoverty because of British
empowerment.
· Accordingto hum three inderstreein Indiawas doinggood ; textile,
still, and ship buildingall this three systematically, debratly, targeted and
destroyed by British.
· In this book he also talks about the rules which are regressive. Some
of which are still continuetoday. He say that there are Darrin lowswhich
are misused by state governmentfor tribal offence.
· Further he talk about the low on Homosexuality in section 377.
Accordingto him Indiawas very liberal about self expression of sexuality.
He say that this is Victorian morality which is imposed over India.
Rang Mohan Youth Festival
Bhavnagar university has organized the youth festival
name the Rang Mohan. Youth festival are the good
stage for students to show their talent. When we talk
about the event in the festival we see that there are
different type of events like, skit, mono acting, poetry
recitation, quiz, clay modeling, poster making, group
songs, folk dance, mimicry etc. Theme of this years

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youth festival is connected with the 150th birthday of
Mahatma Gandhi.
The journey of youth festival began with the kalayatra. In
this kalayatra all students from different collage perform
in different theme.
SKIT :
I would like to congregate my class for the best
performance. Hina, Nirali, Alisha, Prinjal, Nasim, Monica
participated in the Skit competition under the guidance
of Alpa Ponda and Kaushal Trivedi performed an
extraordinary skit on LGBT theme. We have to think
about LGBT. When we watch, at that time you may feel
Catharsis or as we know that in skit they give us one
important massage.

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Bhajan competition :
In bhajan competition, Nasim Gaha from Department of
English participated in the event to showcase her vocal
skills. She performed a well.

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SPOT PAINTING :
Topics for Spot painting are Festival of Ganesha, war
and peace, and village of Bhavnagar. In this
competition, Kavisha Alagiya participated from
Department of English.
Overall, we enjoyed a lot. Thank to our university that
organized this wonderful Four Day Rana Mohan
festival.
References & Adaptation :-
https://jeelvyas201820.blogspot.com/search?q=Rang+mohan+youth+festival
https://vishvagajjar201820.blogspot.com/search?q=Rang+mohan+youth+festival
"Sairandhri" by Vinod Joshi

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Vinod Joshi
'Sairandhri' :-
who is Sairandhari?
The poem is based on the character of Draupadi from Mahabharata. Sairandhri is a
name of Draupadi & Very few people know this name because normally people known as Draupadi,
panchali, Yagnsani, Krushna.
In this poem we find out two themes :-
1. Lost of identity
2. Woman identity

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poet connect the lost identity with us.we all have two identity one is good & second one is bad means
positive & negative sides, here poet not talk about two side but here poet talk about hide our real
identity to other people & ourselves. we always hide something to others, here hide our identity
means lost our real identity.
poet also say that when she was in her real identity means as a Drapadi at that time Lord Krishna,
Bhim & many others came to help but when she lost her original identity & live as a sairandhri at that
time no one came to help her. in real life we see many woman lost her original identity & she live her
whole life under her husband, father, & father in laws,
InterpretationChallenge:Breath: The Shortest Play by Samuel Beckett
video 1) Breath by Damien Hirst :
In this video we see the plastic & it's show that the people of this world destroy this
world with plastic. other side we listen the sound & according to me this sound
reflect the WW ll & effects of WW ll. we see the darkness at starting & ending. it's
show that the hopelessness.
video 2) Breath - Samuel Beckett by Liana De Jourdan:
In this video we see that the so many fresh Fruits, veritable & drinks according ro
me this fruits, vegetables & drinks help to live healthy life but at the end, death
came and eat us no one escape from death.
video 3) National Theater School First Year Technical Production Class
project, production of Samuel Beckett's play Breath:
In this video we see many symbols like light, garbage, & sound of crying.
Light = Hope,
Garbage = meaningless things,
Sound of crying = crying
in real life we have so many people like garbage but we have on light(Hope). we
listen sound of crying but we interpret this sound in two way, First when we enter
to the earth means our birth, our birth symbolize the happiness & second sound
symbolize death means hopelessness.
video 4) Samuel Beckett Breath ( Modern Interpretation )
In this video we see the Modern Era. we see the alone tree & standing alone for no
reason, alone tree symbolize the meaninglessness. we see one man, listen sound &

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many other thing but all are unnecessary for this video, all this thing symbolize that
in our life we have so many unnecessary thing.
Movie screening:- 'kya kehna 'in the context of'The Scarlet letter'by
Nathaniel Hawthorne
1. What are the names of the protagonists in both the works?
Ans :- In the movie the protagonist is Priya & in the novel its Hester.
2. Write their story in brief.
Ans :- In movie the character Priya take an admission in college. In College she
attracted by one rich boy named Rahul. Another side we see that Ajay (childhood
friend of Priya), he love Priya but can't say his feelings to Priya. Now we see that
Priya and Rahul both attracted with each other and Priya gets pregnant by Rahul.
now we see that at that time Rahul's family, society and his own friend not
accepted her, Her family support her in every situation. at the end we see that Ajay
express is feeling to Priya and in the end we see that Priya marry with Ajay not
Rahul.
In novel we see that has Hester carrying her small child as protection. Hester &
Chillingworth both are husband & wife. her husband not come at home for long
time and all people think that her husband was dead. After all this thing she meet a
person named Dimmesdale, he was a priest in town. Hester & Dimmesdale both
are interested to read books. They meet daily with help with books and now both
are attracted to each other. Hester gets pregnant by Dimmesdale. The society asked
her to tell her child's father name but she can't say any word. The society given a
punishment to wear 'A' on her clothes. Another side we see that Dimmesdale never
accept is sin. But the end we see that it the husband of Hester come to the town &
he knows all about Hester and Dimmesdale accept his sin.
In both story we see that how women fight against society & culture and how
society treat with priya & Hester.
In movie & novel we find out many things like..
- women condition,
- women power,
- mentality of society,

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- human Psychology,
- gender differences,
- power and mystery of nature,
- effect of sin & guilt,
- darker side of human mind & thoughts.
3. What is the role played by society in Hester’s & Priya's life?
Ans :- In both case we see that how society treat with Priya & Hester when she was
in pregnancy. People of society see them as a sinner. Normally any woman
pregnant at that time her family members and people of society take care of her but
in Hester's & Priya's case we see that society against them.
4&5 Compare and contrast the male characters, Roger Chillingworth, Arthur
Dimmesdale, Rahul, and Ajay.
The characters of this novel & film was totally different. we see clearly contrast in
both, in movie as well as in novel. In novel Chillingworth was husband of Hester
& Dimmesdale was lover. In movie rahul was lover but after knowing about
pregnancy he ignore & leave priya, at the end film her best friend ajay decided to
marries with priya,
6. Compare and contrast ‘The scaffold scene in The Scarlet Letter’ and ‘a year-end
performance in Kya Kehna in which a group of students performs a play on Priya
and her pregnancy’.
In both scenes we see that the mentality of society. in The scaffold scene in 'The
scarlet Letter' the people was narrow minded. In 'kya kehna' film we see mentality
of society, Rahul belongs to rich family means belongs to upper class family here
we see the major difference in both film. in kya kehna film may be people know
the priya was pregnant by Rahul but no one take any action against Rahul. in The
Scarlet latter we see that people want to know that who is the father of Hester
child.
7. What are the reasons that Arthur Dimmesdale and Rahul do not come forward to
accept their
fatherhood? How do you they differ and what are the similarities?
in The Scarlet Letter film we see Dimmesdale not accept his fatherhood because he
is priest in the town. he think that society never accept his relation with Hester. &

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in Kya Kehna film Rahul not accept his fatherhood because he is playboy in
collage & he belongs to upper class family.
8. What is the role played by Chillingworth in Hester’s life? Why do you think he
wanted to take revenge on Hester and Dimmesdale?
We know that Chillingworth was husband of Hester, but what he done? He goes
somewhere & here Hester was alone live her life. If he was with Hester this
problem can't raise. Because of loneliness she love another man & after chilled he
was come for what? We know that Chillingworth wanted to take revenge with
Dimmesdale, was good as Chillingworth side but not Hester side. He take wanted
to take revenge as husband side only, not for any other reason.
9. What is the role played by Rahul’s mother in Priya’s life? Why do you think she
wants to take revenge on Priya?
Rahul belong to high class family so his mother didn’t accept Priya & she wanted
to take revenge with Priya because she believed her son isn’t doing wrong thing.
10. Write a note on class difference in Kya Kehna.
In the movie we find that Priya belongs to middle class family & Rahul belongs to
upper class family so the whole issue create by Class difference, Rahul not accept
Priya also Rahul's mother was not accept this relationship just because they
belongs to upper class family & Priya belongs to middle class.
11. Why do you think the director has lifted the character of Ajay to the ideal state?
Is it possible in real life? What are the reasons of your YES or NO?
in real life we never see character like Ajay. because this present time people say
that they are free minded but it is false they more Nero minded.
12. How do you see Hester and Priya as individuals?
As individual they both are different from each other, because as time duration,
was one thing. Also the narrow minded people that faced Hester but not faced
Priya because time, & what think people is important. It's not about one is
powerful & second not, both are powerful but problem was time.

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13. Write a critical note on the end of the movie and the novel. Why do you think
the novelist has not given happy ending?
we see happy ending in both films.in Scarlet letter Hester, Dimmesdale & their
child live happily & leave that village. Also in movie Rahul accept his fault but
Priya now happy with Ajay rather than Rahul. So yes it's happy ending.
Films of post colonial studies :- The Black Prince, Midnight's
Children and The Reluctant Fundamentalist
What is Colonialism ?
Colonialism is the practice of establishing territorial dominion over a colony
by an outside political power. Post colonialism or postcolonial studies is the
academic study of the cultural legacy of colonialism and imperialism,
focusing on the human consequences of the control and exploitation of
colonized people and their lands.
What is Post-Colonialism ?

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Post-colonialism or postcolonial studies is the academic study of the cultural legacy
of colonialism and imperialism, focusing on the human consequences of the control
and exploitation of colonized people and their lands.
Here we discussed Three movie with help of Post-Colonialism Studies :-
1. The Black Prince
2. Midnight's Children

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3. Reluctant Fundamentalist
1. The Black Prince :-
The last King of Punjab, Maharajah Duleep
Singh's kingdom was one of the most powerful and prosperous kingdoms

33. EXTRA BLOGS
of the 19th century before it was annexed by Britain. Placed on the throne
at the age of five, he was robbed of his legacy by treason at the hands of
trusted courtiers. He was then torn away from his mother and taken to
England by the British at the age of fifteen. While in England, he was
introduced to Queen Victoria, who took an immediate liking to him, calling
him The Black Prince. Meeting his mother again after thirteen years, the
Maharajah is awakened to the realities of his former life in Punjab. He then
begins the arduous journey to regain all that was lost, and re-embrace the
faith of his birth, Sikhism. As the character of Maharajah Duleep Singh
evolves, is torn between two contrasting cultures - his royal ancestry from
the Kingdom of Punjab as its last King, set against his upbringing in the UK
as he embarks in a new journey of exile, away from his mother. Duleep
Singh's lifelong journey to regain his identity, dignity, and Kingdom took him
across the world but his struggle was not met with success. He never won
the chance to set foot again in his own land of Punjab.
Review with Post-Colonialism Studies :-
2. Midnight's Children :-
The story is told by its chief protagonist,
Saleem Sinai, and is set in the context of actual historical events. The style
of preserving history with fictional accounts is self-reflexive. Midnight's
Children won both the Booker Prize and the James Tait Black Memorial
Prize in 1981 It was awarded the "Booker of Booker's" Prize and the best
all-time prize winners in 1993 and 2008 to celebrate the Booker Prize 25th
and 40th anniversary.
In 2003, the novel was listed on the BBC's The Big Read poll of the UK's
"best-loved novels" It was also added to the list of Great Books of the 20th
Century, published by Penguin Books.
Review with Post-Colonialism Studies :-
- Hybridity :-

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Hybridity, in its most basic sense, refers to mixture.
The term originates from biology and was subsequently employed
in linguistics and in racial theory in the nineteenth century. Its contemporary
uses are scattered across numerous academic disciplines and is salient
in popular culture. Hybridity is used in discourses about race, post
colonialism, identity, anti-racism and multiculturalism, and globalization,
developed from its roots as a biological term.
- Magic Realism :-
In this novel it's shown that the children who
are born on zero hour of the Independence Day they have magical powers.
In zero hour 15 children were born and on that night total 1000 children
were born. Seelim was having power in his nose to call the children born on
that day for meeting, while Parvati was witch & she was knowing magic
which she was using for the betterment of people and to help them. This
was the children belong to different places was having different powers in
their body. But there was only Seelim who could meet everyone and know
them, who was keeping them one. This type of text is more likable in
readers due to the mixture of fantasy and history.
Magic realism was a part of post colonial
literature and it was used much in India to make narration more effective.
- Indian Contemporary Connection (During Salman
Rushdie Time) :-
3. The Reluctant Fundamentalist :-
The Reluctant
Fundamentalist is a 2012 political thriller drama film based on the 2007
novel, The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid, directed by Mira
Nair, starring Riz Ahmed and Kate Hudson in lead. The Reluctant
Fundamentalist is a post-9/11 story about the impact of the Al
Qaeda attacks on one Pakistani man and his treatment by Americans in
reaction to them.
Review with Post-Colonialism Studies :-

35. EXTRA BLOGS
- Relationship between Pakistan & US :-
Please click to see
- Cultural Hybridity :-
cultural hybridity not only refers to the mixing
of cultural elements. It is a term that is employed in various ways in order to
conceptualize and critically engage with relationships between notions of
purity and impurity in a cultural–historical perspective.
- Hegemony :-
Hegemony is the political, economic, or military
predominance or control of one state over others. In ancient Greece,
hegemony denoted the politico-military dominance of a city-state over other
city-states. The dominant state is known as the hegemony.
Reference & Adaptation :-
https://dilipbarad.blogspot.com/2015/09/postcolonial-studies-film-screening.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybridity
https://www.worldatlas.com/what-is-colonialism.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Reluctant_Fundamentalist_(film)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonialism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midnight%27s_Children
Colonialism,ImperialismandPost-ColonialismbyAniaLoomba
Hello Reader,
What is Colonialism ?

36. EXTRA BLOGS
Colonialism is the practice of establishing territorial dominion over a colony by an outside
political power characterized by exploitation, expansion, and maintenance of that territory.
The indigenous people suffer in the hands of the colonizer where they are subjected to hard
labor and restriction in trading.
What Is Imperialism ?
Imperialism refers to one country imposing its values on another.
What is Post Colonialism ?

37. EXTRA BLOGS
Post-colonialism or postcolonial studies is the academic study of the cultural legacy
of colonialism and imperialism, focusing on the human consequences of the control and
exploitation of colonized people and their lands.
Ania Loomba
Ania Loomba is an Indian literary scholar. She is the author of Colonialism/Post-
colonialism and works as a literature professor at the University of Pennsylvania.
Her Works:-
1.Postcolonial Studies and Beyond. Permanent Black.
2.Colonialism / Post-colonialism.

38. EXTRA BLOGS
3.Postcolonial Shakespeare.
4.Shakespeare, Race, and Colonialism.
This book divided into 3 parts:-
1. Situating colonial & postcolonial studies,
2. Colonial & post colonial identity,
3. Changing colonialism.
1. Situating colonial & postcolonial studies :-
In this parts she Defining two terms according to her
what is colonialism ? and
what is Imperialism ?
she also talk about colonialism & colonial discourse, No-colonialism & Post-colonialism,
colonial discourse, colonialism & knowledge, colonialism & literature.
2. Colonial & post colonial identity :-
In this part she discuss about constructing racial & cultural difference, Race, class &
colonialism, psychoanalysis & colonial subjects, Gender sexuality & colonial discourse,
3. Changing colonialism:-

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- Nationalism & Pan- Nationalism, Feminism, Nationalism & Post-Colonialism, Can the
subaltern speak ?
References :-
https://www.worldatlas.com/what-is-colonialism.html
https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-imperialism.html
Orientalism
Orientalism book written by Edward said, the term orient is derives from the Latin
word orient means East. Study of orient it means study of orients
In this book said explain the difference between East world and West world.
We see two types of differences :-
1. Culture difference &
2. Political difference
What's Orientalism in Literature :-

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In art history, literature and cultural studies,Orientalism is the imitation or
depiction of aspects in the Eastern world. These depictions are usually done by
writers, designers, and artists from the West.
- Wikipedia
According to Said, in the Middle East, the social, economic, and cultural practices
of the ruling Arab elites indicate they are imperial satraps who
have internalized the romanticized "Arab Culture" created by French, British and,
later, American Orientalists; the examples include critical analyses of
the colonial literature of Joseph Conrad, which conflates a people, a time, and a
place into a narrative of incident and adventure in an exotic land.
The critical application of post-structuralism in the scholarship
of Orientalism influenced the development of literary theory, cultural criticism,
and the field of Middle Eastern studies, especially regarding how academics
practice their intellectual inquiry when examining, describing, and explaining
the Middle East.The scope of Said's scholarship established Orientalism as a
foundation text in the field of post-colonial culture studies, which examines the
denotations and connotations of Orientalism, and the history of a country's post-
colonial period.
According to western country they are superior than eastern country or they are
more developed and well civilized country. They thing that people of eastern
country their uncivilized people and their are "Junglee". They don't know how to
live as human Being. They never accepted that they cheated with eastern country
and doing Atyachar on them.
Orientalism tries to explain that how we understand people and other peoples,
Orientalism raise question on our mind that how we think about other people
means who belong to other culture or other countries.
References -

41. EXTRA BLOGS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientalism_(book)
Movie review:- The scarlet letter
The colour scarlet symbolizes blood, death, child birth and life
The Scarlet letter written by American Author Nathaniel Hawthorne and published in 1850.
About movie :-
Hester new in town and every one look her with spy eyes because she decided to live alone
until her husband comes. After some time she saw a sexy and handsome man swimming in a
forest pool. Later she knows that he is the town's new pastor Arthur Dimmesdale. When they
meet each other both are attracted to each other. They also attracted to each other physically.
Hester allow herself to built physical relationship with Arthur. Hester never feel guilt for her
decision because she heard that her husband has died. Then she turns up pregnant by Hester.
The society jails her until the child is born. Then society asked her about her child father but
she can't say anything about him. If she told name of Hester, society kill him. Then suddenly
her husband come into town, than she face so many problems.
In the movie we find out many things like..
- Women condition,
- Women power,

42. EXTRA BLOGS
- Mentality of society,
- Human psychology,
- Gender differences,
- Power and mystery of nature,
- Effect of sin & guilt,
- Darker side of human mind and thoughts.
Movie review:- Charlie ChaplinThe modernTimes
In this film Charlie Chaplin satire on society with humorous
way. In this movie Charlie Chaplin work in company and all workers work like
donkey it's shows that at that time people or machine life are same.
one day one new machine came to company for testing and
the the company want to testing this machine but they want one worker for this
machine and the boss selected Charlie for this motion but the motion not working
properly. The machine help human to eat food without any hands but the machine
not working properly and the machine harm for human being.
The female protagonist Ellen, Lived with 3 sister and father.
Leave for home after her father death. Then he meet Charlie in both live together.
Now, both are jobless and both are finding job for cloth and food. It shows that at
that time people facing joblessness & poverty and also we see the women
condition with help of Ellen character.

43. EXTRA BLOGS
Movie review:- Charlie ChaplinThe great dictator
During the last days of the first world war, soldier means
(Charlie Chaplin) saved the Life of Pilot Schultz, but the flight crashed and soldier
lost his old memories I don't know about his military life. After so many years
soldiers open his eyes is a patient of amnesia. when he open his eyes , he reopen
his barbershop and live happily but he don't know that the country Tomania was
changed by time.
Hykel and this soldier both are looking similar height, body,
face and all things. after sometime military soldier create some problem because he
was Jewish and when soldier catch him at that time he meet Schultz
and May be Schultz said that "leave him he is my friend"
Hykel saw the dream and think that he rule in whole word and
he want whole world in any condition. Hykel planning to march into Ostrich and
other side he invited to Napalino head to show him power of military and power of
him. Other side Schultz help Jewish peoples that why soldier arrested him and the
barber but they both are successful escape from prison with military dress. Other
side Tomania military catch them. Now, all are waiting for Hynkel speech and the
barber give the wonderful speech and speak to the wall world and wall would
listen to him.
In this movie I'm trying to see some points like poverty, power
position, class differences and condition of women.

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Middlemarch
Middlemarch is a highly unusual novel. Although it is primarily a Victorian novels. Critical reaction to
Eliot's masterpiece work was mixed. A common accusation leveled against it was its morbid,
depressing tone. Many critics did not like Eliot's habit of scattering obscure literary and scientific
allusions throughout the book. In their opinion a woman writer should not be so intellectual. Eliot
hated the "silly", women novelists. In the Victorian era, women writers were generally confined to
writing the stereotypical fantasies of the conventional romance fiction. Not only did Eliot dislike the
constraints imposed on women's writing, she disliked the stories they were expected to produce. Her
disdain for the tropes of conventional romance is apparent in her treatment of marriage between
Rosamond and Lydgate think of courtship and romance in terms of ideals taken directly from
conventional romance. Another problem with such fiction is that marriage marks the end of the novel.
Eliot goes through great effort to depict the realistic of marriage.
Morover, Eliot's many critics found Middlemarch to be too depressing for a woman writer. Eliot
refused to bow to the conventions of a happy ending. An ill - advised marriage between two people
who are inherently incompatible never becomes completely harmonious. In fact, it becomes a yoke.
Such us the case in the marriage of Lydgate and Dorothea.Dorothea was saved from living with her
mistakes for her whole life because her elderly husband dies of a heart attack, Lydgate and
Rosamond, on the other hand, married young.
Two major life choices govern the narrative of Middlemarch. One is marriage and the other is
vocation. Eliot takes both choices very seriously. Short, romantic courtship lead to trouble, because

45. EXTRA BLOGS
both parties entertain unrealistic ideals of each other. They marry without getting to know one
another. Marriage based on compatibility work better. Moreover, marriages in which women have a
greater say also work better, such as the marriage between Fred and Mary. She tells him she will not
marry if he becomes a clergyman. Her condition saves Fred from an unhappy entrapment in an
occupation he doesn't like. Dorothea and Causabon struggle continually because Causabon attempts
to make her submit to his control. The same applies in the marriage between Lydgate and Rosamond.
The choice of an occupation by which one earns a living is also an important element in the book.
Eliot illustrates the consequences of making the wrong choice. she also details at great length the
consequences of confining women to the domestic sphere alone. Dorothea's passinate ambition for
social reform is never realized. She ends with a happy marriage, but there is some sense that her end
as merely a wife and mother is a waste. Rosamond's shrewd capabilitites degenerate into vanity and
manipulation. She is restless within the domestic sphere, and her stifled ambitions only result in
unhappiness for herself and her husband.
Eliot's refusal to conform to happy endings demonstrates the fact that Middlemarch is not meant to be
entertainment. She wants to deal with real life issues, not the fantasy world to which women writers
were often confined. Her ambition was to create a portrait of the complexity of ordinary human life:
quiet tragedies, petty character failings, small triumphs, and quiet moments of dignity. The complexity
of her portrait of provincial society is reflected in the complexity of individual characters. The
contradictions in the character of the individual person are evident in the shifting sypathies of the
reader. One moment, we pity Causabon, the next we judge him critically.
Middlemarch stubbornly refuses to behave like a typical novel. The novel is a collection of
relationships between several major players in the drama, but no single one person occupies the
center of the action. No one person can represent provincial life. It is necessary to include multiple
people. Eliot's book is fairly experimental for its time in form and content, particularly because she
was a woman writer.
In George Eliot's time women were thought to be physically as well as mentally inferior to men and
intended by nature for child bearing and nurturing. Consequently they were denied opportunities for
proper education and independent action outside the domestic sphere. But George Eliot regarded
gender differences as complimentary and believed that male and female roles could be adjusted
gradually overall to the mutual benefit of both sixes. She contended that the naturalistic demareation
of women's function in society was fallacious because woman had a worse share in it's zoological
evolution but she had an art which could mend nature in it moral evolution. She liberated herself from
the restrictive conventions of her society not only by mastering the advanced thought of her age but
also by mastering the advanced thought of her age but also by writing novel after entering into a
lifelong partnership with the versatile center of interest in her novels and dramatized their struggle for
self fulfillment in man's world with understanding of sympathy.
Celia is an interesting representative of the kind of women who entirely happy with the feminine,
nursery world. Their uncle, as usual unconsciously expresses the conventional view with perfect
exactness when he says to Casaubon, Dorothea's husband : "Get Dorothea to read few light things,
Smollett; Roderick, Random, Humphrey Clinker; they are a little broad , but she may read anything
now she's married you know." Woman's reading her public act deepens on the marital status. They
are expected to obey and fall in line, as Mary Evans herself was expected the poor tenants raised
their voice against their husband. They demanded better condition of life. Mr. Hawley regards
Mr.Brook to be a "Damned bad landlord."Their feelings changed though the old order still continue.

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Cultural Studies
What is Cultural Studies?
Cultural studies is an innovative interdisciplinary field of research and
teaching that investigates the ways in which “culture” creates and
transforms individual experiences, everyday life, social relations and power.
Research and teaching in the field explores the relations between culture
understood as human expressive and symbolic activities, and cultures
understood as distinctive ways of life. Combining the strengths of the social
sciences and the humanities, cultural studies draws on methods and
theories from literary studies, sociology, communications studies, history,
cultural anthropology, and economics. By working across the boundaries
among these fields, cultural studies addresses new questions and
problems of today’s world. Rather than seeking answers that will hold for all
time, cultural studies develops flexible tools that adapt to this rapidly
changing world.
What is Postcolonialism ?
"Postcolonialism" refers broadly to the ways in which race, ethnicity,
culture, and human identity itself are represented in the modern era, after
many colonized countries gained their independence. However, some
critics use the term to refer to all culture and cultural products influenced by
imperialism from the moment of colonization until the twenty-first century.
Postcolonial literature seeks to describe the interactions between European
nations and the peoples they colonized. By the middle of the twentieth
century, the vast majority of the world was under the control of European
countries. At its peak in the late nineteenth century, according to The
Norton Anthology of English Literature, the British Empire consisted of
"more than a quarter of all the territory on the surface of the earth: one in
four people was a subject of Queen Victoria." During the twentieth century,
countries such as India, Jamaica, Nigeria, Senegal, Sri Lanka, Canada,
and Australia won independence from their European colonizers. The
literature and art produced in these countries after independence became
the subject of "Postcolonial Studies," an area of academic concentration,
initially in British universities. This field gained prominence in the 1970s and
has been developing ever since. Palestinian-American scholar Edward
Said's critique of Western representations of the Eastern culture in his 1978
book, Orientalism, is a seminal text for postcolonial studies and has
spawned a host of theories on the subject. However, as the currency of the
term "postcolonial" gained wider use, its meaning was expanded. Some
consider the United States itself a postcolonial country because of its
former status as a territory of Great Britain, but it is generally studied for its
colonizing rather than its colonized attributes. In another vein, Canada and

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Australia, though former colonies of Britain, are often placed in a separate
category because of their status as "settler" countries and because of their
continuing membership in the British Commonwealth of Nations. Some of
the major voices and works of postcolonial literature are Salman Rushdie's
novel Midnight's Children (1981), Chinua Achebe's novel Things Fall
Apart (1958), Michael Ondaatje's novel The English Patient (1992), Frantz
Fanon's The Wretched of the Earth (1961), Jamaica
Kincaid's ASmallPlace (1988), Isabelle Allende's TheHouseof
theSpirits (1982), J. M. Coetzee's Waiting for the
Barbariansand Disgrace (1990), Derek Walcott's Omeros (1990), and
Eavan Boland's Outside History: Selected Poems, 1980-1990.
River & Tides
Rivers and Tides is a 2001 documentary film directed by Thomas
Riedelsheimer about the British artist Andy Goldsworthy, who
creates intricate and ephemeral sculptures from natural
materials such as rocks, leaves, flowers, and icicles.The
music was composed and performed by Fred Frith and was
released on a soundtrack, Rivers and Tides (2003).
Andy Goldsworthy makes sense-luscious sculptures entirely out
of things he finds in nature — stones, twigs, leaves, plant
stalks, clay, ice, snow. In this meditative 90-minute
documentary by Thomas Riedelsheimer, Goldsworthy is seen
working on new creations as he explains his philosophy that
brings together a Zen-like appreciation of the natural world,
a deeply felt connection with the Earth and all its thousand
things, a fascination with time and the ephemeral existence of
objects, a respect for place and all the marvels discovered
within a space that one knows intimately, and a yearning to
explore the energy that is running through the landscape.
Sometimes his works change before our eyes and even pass away

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before we have savored all their mystery and magic. But to the
artist, this is all part of the process.
"Art for me is a form of nourishment,"
Goldsworthy says, and we see what he means as he begins to
assemble his earthwork arrangements. Arriving for a new
commission in Nova Scotia, he has only a little time to
familiarize himself with the seaside terrain. Still, he
establishes a camaraderie with the natural world: "I've shook
hands with the place," he declares as he begins to work on an
icicle sculpture that fits perfectly with the chilly and
desolate milieu. Goldsworthy respects the processes of life
and death reflected in nature. As the sun illuminates the
finished sculpture, he notes, "The very thing that brought it
to life, will bring about its death." This is only one of the
many spiritual insights emerging from his art.
He creates an igloo out of driftwood
collected from the beach. When the tide comes in, the wooden
structure begins to float and then drift to the sea in a slow
swirl. But Goldsworthy is not attached to his art: "It feels
as if it's been taken off into another plane, another
world . . . It doesn't feel at all like destruction."
The artist also doesn't think in terms of
success or failure. After he has spent many hours constructing
an intricate mobile of twigs and thorns, the wind shifts and
the piece collapses. Goldsworthy surveys the wreckage and
practices equanimity. He seems to know that sometimes the
magic works and sometimes it doesn't. What's important is that
the creative process itself has been manifested along with an
intimate meeting with "the heart of the place." Nothing is
ever lost in the universe. There is always something to be
cherished in this kind of environmental art.
Back at his home in Penpont, Scotland,
Goldsworthy enjoys the company of his wife and small children,
then walks through the village gathering material for a new
project. He picks dandelions from the roadside and places them
in a rock hollow at the edge of a river; from overhead, it is
a blaze of yellow beauty amid the rocks.
The artist's openness extends to animals. He
talks about the impact of sheep on the Scottish landscape;
where they have grazed over the years, there are no trees.
Goldsworthy sees these tough animals as possessing "dangerous
and powerful qualities." In tribute to them, he creates a
river of white wool on the tops of the stone walls dividing
the fields.
By now, we are well aware of his love of rivers
for their free-flowing energy. Goldsworthy has made a chain of
green leaves and placed them in the water; we are mesmerized
as it seems to take the form of a snake slithering past rocks,
into still pools, and out into the rushing current again. One
of his most awesome creations is on display in the Storm King
Art Center in Mountainville, New York. A stonewall crosses a

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field, wiggles its way under a river, and emerges to wind
through the trees on the other side.
Talk with author Dr. Vishal Bhadani
In our department our sir Dr, Dilip Barad invited the author Dr. Vishal
Bhadani. He is a author of 'Fictionalay' book. Fictionalay collection of short
stories. Dr. Dilip Barad the head of department of English MKBU had
organised a one day workshop on "Translation" study on 1st January,2019.
Dr.Vishal Bhadani was invited to us introduce for language translation.The
workshop was divided in to two sessions. In the first session he talk about his book
of short story collection Fictionalay and he read a few stories in his book and explain
it.
vishal sir talked about some short stories:-
1) Mara hath nu vat nathi:-In this story he wrote about the diffrent part of hand with
the help of this he talked about the social problem.
2) Sasai and ramjana:- The story is about the gir.
3) Kamayan :- The story is based on Ramnayan and the sita.
second session about translation in this session he talk about job in this field he also
give one interesting task. in this task he give some words, lines, paragraph and our
wrok is to translate in English.
thank you dilip sir to organised this type of workshop. we know about some amazing
short stories by vishal sir and we also learn the new type of wring style.
Interaction With Professor Of France

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On 22nd January 2019 Professor Saeed Paivandi & Professor Fontanini Come From The
University Of Lorraine, France
Thanks To Professor Dr. Dilip Barad Sir Head Of Our English Department, He Organized
This Wonderful Session With Pro. Saeed & Pro. Fontanini And Also I Would Like To Say
Thank You To Pro. Kishor Joshi Sir Head Of Economic Department.
Pro. Saeed And Pro. Fontanini Talked About:-
 Social & Economic Condition Of Both Country
 Merge Of Smaller University To Ether University
 Education System
 Gender Difference In Higher Education
They Talked About Social & Economic Condition Of Both Country, In Contemporary
Time In Their Country Poor People Are More Poor And Rich People Are More Rich And
In Center Of This 2(Two) Type Of People Middle Class People Faces Social & Economic
Problems. We Find Out Same Condition In India.

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Then They Talked About Education System Of Their Country They Said That In Smaller
University Merge With Other University For Batter Education. In Present Time Whole
World Talked About Gender Equality In Any Field But They Find Out Big Gender
Difference In Higher Education According To Them 80% Girls Choice Field Of Humanity
& In Engineering Field They Find Out So Many Girls But Hardly 15% Reach At Well
Level.
Blog On "Youth festival"
"Youth festival"
"Aeshvaryam yuva manthan"is a name of "youth festival 2018".
We have three days 26th,27th and 28th October youth festival In maharaja
krushnkumarji Bhavnagar university by "Aeshvaryam yuva
manthan".organized by takshila institute of science and commerce
youth festival event's:-
Kala yatra. One act play.
Poetry . Skit.
Mime. Rangoli.
Mono acting. Cartooning.
Installation. Photography.
Bhajan. Solo song.
Traditional group. Orchestra.
Poster making. Western group song.
Drama :
I attend drama of my department students who represent our department.
The act name is "સિક્કાની ત્રીજી બાજુ". This act shows the indian rituals,
patriarchy, resist against patriarchy, woman rights, third gender and his
emotion. This thing makes the great act and also acted well. The
protogonist of the drama is Kiran, who born in third gender that's why his
grandma and father was not accept this child.
Also I like the character of Rekha(third gender) this character is show the
situation emotion and people think about that type of people and give to the
massage of equality.

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Mimicry
I have seen several Mimicries by students from various colleges. There
were total 13 Mimicries. Some of them are mindblowing. A true Mimicry
must includes multiple voices. How much a person was capable of copying
multiple voices with different tones and moods. The students are
successful in copying the voice of animals. Some are very much repeating:-
~cartoons
~automobile
~small baby
~animals
~celebrity, etc..
Discussion On Mario Vargas Llosa
Mario Vargas Llosa the Peruvian novelist, was awarded the Nobel prize for
literature in 2010. His most recent novel is The Neighborhood .
His Novel :-
1) The Time of the Hero -1962
2) The feast of the goat -2000
3) The Bad girl - 2006

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4) Aunt Julia and the scrip writer -1977
5) The green house -1996
6) The Neighbor.
# Here are some ideas which I like most from the interview .
1. If you respect literature you must accept not only the very idealist, altruist of human
beings but also the infernal of them.
2. For the first time, in a culture that is totally global, without differences between East
and West, we are all part of this new culture in which images, we are the great
protagonists.
3. I am convinced that the feminist movements voice should be heard, but he don't
accept this idea of censorship for literature or for culture in general.
4. Most of the time all writers are autobiographical in some writer,thesis more explicit
and obvious in other more hidden.
Thank You ....
In Defence Of Freedom :- A Film By Nandita Das
First Video:-
In this video Saadat Hasan Manto says about his thought about society. some
peoples are says that he wrote about prostitution, velger story. early in video manto
says wonderfull line....
"Manto Ek Insaan Hain Or Har Insaan Ko Progressive Hona
Chahiye"
Manto wrote about reality of society and life but many people not accepted
his work ans truth about society. many cases against his work because he wrote
about prostitution and he use bad language in his story. in this video we see that the
old man not accepted manto's thoughts and old man says to other man...
"Kahase uthake Lateho ?"
Here we see that our society not accepted the truth and reality of life. after
this scene again manto says wonderful lines...
"Hakikat Se Inkar Karna Kya Hame Behtar Insan Banayega ?"

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&
"Zamaneki Karvto Ke Sath, Adab bhi Karavat Badle"
Last his inner voice say...
"Me Apni Akhe Bandh Karbhiloo.. Par Apne Zameer Ka Kya
Kru ?"
Here we seee that manto wrote about our real society and he did not care
about other people what they think about him. I think we need or want many
Saadat Hasan Manto to change our society.
"बोल के लब आज़ाद हैं तेरे"
Second Video:-
This video based on partition of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. lawyer
from England Sir Cyril Radcliffe. W.H. Auden wrote about Sir Cyril Radcliffe in
his poem. Radcliffe says Dickie told me to draw the line before the Sikhs found out
Nehru, Jinnan and Patel wanted partition that is why he drew a line and he refuse
3000 pound but no one remember that and W.H. Auden not mention about 3000
pound in his poem.
In this video 5:37 we see three Holy books GITA, QUR-AN & BIBLE,
"Ram Madhvani show us this three Holy books" why ?
when he met Mahatma Gandhi he told him that 'This Partition Is going To
Create A Lost Of Violence" and he was right.... very emotional line say by Sir
Cyril Radcliffe...
"ONE HEART CUT INTO TWO"
Movie Review "Lagaan"

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15th, August 2018. on the occasion of The Independence Day in the
Department Of English. we have a film screening of "Lagaan"(Tax) Ashutosh
Gowariker , produced by Aamir Khan and Mansoor Khan. we all know that coin
have a two different sides so here we watched this film to understand another side
of film.
"Victoria Empress"
Beginning of the film we see the gold coin of "Victoria Empress" and film
start with sound of flute and then one strong voice told about villager, about rural
Indian, about Britisher and about king.

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Rural India :-
The directer Ashutosh Gowariker tried to show the real India. we see
the problems of villagers and situation, in this film we see the different lifestyle of
Indian peoples and British peoples. the villagers give a"Lagaan" to Britishers.
Patriotism :-
I think patriotism is a main theme of this film. in this film we finds
patriotism in the main character of the film "Bhuvan". captain Russell challenge to
bhuvan to play a cricket with them so bhuvan accepted the challenge of captain
Russell it shows the courage of bhuvan. he accepted the challenge because he just
wanted to make villager free from "Lagaan".
Power Of Religion :-
First scene of the film we see the temple it shows that the villager
of Champaner belives
in God. villager in problem they pray to God. in this film we see that Elizabeth
says the reality about lakha to villagers so lakha gone to the temple and closed the
door of the temple it is shows the Power Of Religion.
Team Work And Leadership :-

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Captain Russell challenge to play a cricket match with them if bhuvan
and his team won the match they free from the "Laggan" next three years so
bhuvan accepted the challenge. now bhuvan need a strong team to play a match
against captain Russell so first he start playing or practice with Tipu then bhuvan
make a strong team. here we see that hold the whole team with the skill of
Leadership. he motivate to his player to learn the game and play like captain
Russell in the end bhuvan team win against Britishers.
Kachra : The Match changer :-
I think kachra is a match changer in this match. in this film one
special character Kachra bhuva n see the ability of kachra so he decided to take in
his team but other players not accepted kachra in their team because kachra
belongs to lower cast and people called them "Achhut".
In the match everyone try take wicket but everyone failed to take a
wicket at that time bhuvan called Kachra and givea ball to his hand now we see the
magic of kachra he takes a three wickets back to back I mean "Har Trick" at last
everyone accepted kachra. So I think Kachra is a Match Changer.

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