The document discusses safety practices in metallurgy. It outlines several key learning objectives related to understanding basic safety rules in manufacturing plants and laboratories. It describes how job safety has improved over time due to the establishment of organizations like OSHA and the NFPA that set and enforce safety standards. Personal protective equipment is important for safe working conditions, and safety data sheets provide information on hazardous chemicals. Being aware of one's surroundings and following proper safety procedures is essential to avoiding accidents across various metallurgy work environments.
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• Name the single most important part of safety in virtually every
production and laboratory operation.
• Identify which fire extinguisher to use for a paper, wood, or trash
fire.
• Identify which fire extinguisher to use for a fire with flammable
liquids.
• Identify which fire extinguisher to use for a metal fire.
Learning Objectives
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• Know the basic rules for working in a manufacturing plant.
• Understand the value of safety gear and safe behavior in the shop,
laboratory, and home.
• Understand how a serious work accident affects not only the
employee directly involved, but also other employees and the
company’s operations.
Learning Objectives
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• “Safety” means not causing harm to yourself and others.
• Single most important part of safety: be aware of your surroundings
and alert to most likely hazards
Introduction
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• A century ago, no universal safety rules for workers
• One example: iron and steel industry around Pittsburgh
• “Puddlers” rarely lived to 40 years of age.
• Fatality rates for steel, coal, and railroad workers exceeded 375
workers per 100,000 each year.
Job Safety in the Past
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• Congress created OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health
Administration) in 1970.
• US government organization that sets and enforces safety standards
for workers
• Today, annual fatality rate in iron and steel jobs is three workers per
100,000 nationwide.
Job Safety and OSHA
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• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
• Global organization devoted to eliminating death, injury, and
economic loss due to fire and electrical hazards
Fire Safety
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• NFPA categorizes fires into five
different classes.
• Class of fire is determined by
source of fuel.
Fire Categories
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• Fire extinguishers have colored letters
matching fire classifications they are
designed to handle.
• Most common are A and B
• Type D is used for metal fires.
Fire Extinguishers
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• Safety in production area requires safe, properly installed
equipment.
• Safety depends on performing activities in safe manner.
• Horseplay in production plant is unacceptable.
• Even near misses must be reported to improve safety.
Safety in Manufacturing
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• Personal protective equipment (PPE) must be used in a dangerous
environment.
• Common types of PPE
• Safety glasses
• Safety shoes
• Hard hats
• Breathing filters
• Hearing protection
Safety Equipment
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• Safety glasses most frequently required
PPE
• Must meet American National Standards
Institute (ANSI) Z97.1 standard
• ANSI promotes and safeguards industry
standards.
PPE and ANSI
MSA Safety Inc.
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• Foundry workers may need additional protective equipment.
• Leggings, aluminized reflective coats, or complete reflective suit
• Gloves and tongs for handling hot metal
• Breathing mask or respirator system
• Hearing protection
Safety Equipment in Foundries
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• Several safety features used around dangerous equipment
• Yellow lines
• Guardrails
• Safety shields
• Sensors for getting too close
• Switches that require both hands
Working around Machinery
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1. Jog ram to open position.
2. Shut down power, and lock out power switch.
3. Put in blocks to prevent ram from coming down.
4. Make necessary adjustment.
Procedure:
Working on a Metal Stamping Press
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• Safety data sheets (SDSs) are OSHA-required documents for
hazardous chemicals or materials.
• Provided by manufacturers, distributors, and importers
• Communicate potential dangers and necessary precautions
• SDSs describe materials and precautions for their use.
• By law, posted or available to all employees
Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)
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• Hot metal between 200°F and 900°F (90°C and 480°C) does not
glow.
• It can still seriously burn skin.
• Sharp metal can cut hands and skin.
Hazards with Metals
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• Labs have several safety concerns.
• Often use etchants on metal test samples
• Usually corrosive chemicals like hydrofluoric (HF) acid
• Exposure to hydrofluoric acid must be treated quickly.
• HF acid treatment kit
• Lab technicians must be trained in safe use of chemicals.
Safety in Metallurgy Labs
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• A lost-time accident requires more than minor first aid.
• Unable to return to work due to injury
• These accidents must be recorded.
• Serious injuries are undesirable for everyone.
• Cause suffering to those involved
• Cost time and money
Effects of Accidents on the Job
