Why Should We Save the Rainforest?
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Rainforests are being destroyed at an alarming rate, threatening over half of the world's plant and animal species in the next 25 years. They produce 20% of the world's oxygen and stabilize the climate by absorbing carbon dioxide and producing oxygen. Rainforests also house incredible biodiversity and are an important source of new medicines, with over 25% of pharmaceuticals derived from rainforest ingredients and 70% of plants that fight cancer found in rainforests.
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Rainforest Facts
The Amazon Rainforest covers over a billion acres and produces over 20% of the world's oxygen. It is estimated that over half of the world's plant and animal species live in rainforests. At least 80% of the world's diet originated in rainforests, including fruits, vegetables, spices and nuts. However, rainforests are being destroyed at an unsustainable rate, with one and a half acres lost every second, threatening millions of species with extinction.
Rainforests
Rainforests once covered 14% of the earth's land but now only cover 6%, and experts estimate the last remaining rainforests could be destroyed within 40 years. Half of plant and animal species will be destroyed in the next 25 years due to deforestation. As rainforest species disappear, so do potential cures for diseases, though only 1% of rainforest plants have been tested for medical potential. Most rainforests are cleared for timber and farming, threatening indigenous populations' knowledge of medicinal plants. Saving rainforests will require global efforts to educate others, restore damaged areas, encourage sustainable living, establish protected areas, and support environmentally-friendly companies.
amazon_rainforest Fred.pptx
The Amazon Rainforest spans several South American countries but primarily Brazil, covering around 40% of the continent. It contains extremely high biodiversity with over 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands of plants, and thousands of vertebrate species scientifically identified. Deforestation is a major threat, with over 20% already cleared, primarily for human settlement and agriculture. In 2019 there was a record number of fires in the Amazon region, exacerbating existing deforestation concerns and risks of pushing further beyond tipping points into non-forest ecosystems. The rainforest has immense global value for medicines, oxygen production, biodiversity, and is important for Indigenous groups that call it home.
Biodiversity and Monocultures
This document discusses biodiversity and monocultures. It notes that scientists have only identified a small fraction of the estimated 5-50 million living species. Biodiversity, or the variety of life in an area, is often measured by species richness which is highest in rainforests and lower in places like deciduous forests. However, human activity like deforestation is destroying habitats and increasing extinction rates far beyond natural levels. Engineered ecosystems like farms use monocultures of non-native species which have lower diversity and require intensive management compared to natural ecosystems.
Rainforest Importance
The document discusses the goods and services provided by tropical rainforests, including oxygen production, biodiversity, and origins of foods and medicines. It notes that rainforests once covered 14% of land but now only 6%, and are being destroyed at a rate of 1.5 acres per second. This is causing massive species loss estimated at 50,000 species per year. Tropical rainforests support important ecosystem services and are biodiversity hotspots, home to over half the world's species in a very small area of the planet.
Importance of the maintenance of biodiversity
Biodiversity is important for three main reasons:
1. Ecological stability - Each species performs an important function and ecosystems with more diversity are better able to withstand stress and recover from damage. Loss of species decreases an ecosystem's ability to sustain itself.
2. Economic benefits to humans - Biodiversity provides important resources like food, medicine, industry materials, and supports tourism. Many medical treatments come from plants and unexplored species may hold future treatments.
3. Ethical reasons - Biodiversity reflects humanity's relationship with other living things and many believe species have a right to exist, so driving them to extinction would be unethical. It is also part of cultural heritage for some.
Animal Extinctionand Endangerment
The document discusses mass extinction events that have occurred throughout Earth's history, including the currently ongoing Holocene extinction. It notes that approximately 150-270 species go extinct every day, and that the main drivers of extinction are habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and other human activities. If current trends continue, half of all plant and animal species are predicted to become extinct by 2100. The document emphasizes the importance of protecting endangered species and their habitats in order to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem services that humans depend on.
Rainforest powerpoint[1]
Rainforests once covered 14% of the Earth's surface but now only cover 6% as they are being destroyed. Over half an acre is lost every second primarily due to logging, cattle ranching, and agriculture. This is resulting in the loss of 137 plant and animal species every day and will destroy nearly half of all species in the next 25 years. Solutions involve sustainable harvesting of rainforest resources, addressing the root causes of poverty and population growth, and returning control of forests to local communities.
Rainforest powerpoint[1]
Rainforests once covered 14% of the Earth's surface but now only cover 6% as they are being destroyed. Over half an acre is lost every second primarily due to logging, cattle ranching, and agriculture. This is resulting in the loss of 137 plant and animal species every day and will destroy nearly half of all species in the next 25 years. Solutions involve sustainable harvesting of rainforest resources, addressing the root causes of poverty and landlessness that drive deforestation, and returning control of forests to local communities.
Uses of tropical rainforests
Tropical rainforests serve several important purposes: as water catchment areas that slowly filter rainwater into the groundwater supply; as "green lungs" that absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen; and as habitat to over 2 million species of flora and fauna as well as indigenous peoples who rely on the forest for food and resources. Rainforests also provide timber for construction and contain thousands of plant species with potential medical applications.
AMAZON
Contents
GEOGRAPHY
A most broadleaf forest
The basin: 1.7 billion acres
Rainforest: 1.4 billion acres
Covers 9 nations
One of the New Seven Wonders of the World and is currently listed as number one on group E
Rainy season: November to June
The flooded area can spread out up to 200 km
Dolphins and fish are able to swim through forest
BIOLOGY DIVERSITY
PLANTS
Tens of thousands of trees
Nearly a hundred thousand other plant species
ANIMALS
> 300 species of mammals
several thousands species of freshwater fish
More plant species in one hectare in Amazon than the whole of Europe.
>200 species of trees per ha
72 different species of ants living in one tree
30 times more fish species than in all European rivers
BIOLOGY DIVERSITY
40 % of all insect species have so far been identified.
Over 30,000 species of plants have been identified
20, 000 are estimated to remain undiscovered
BENEFITS
BENEFITS
ECONOMIC
$6.820 (USD)/ha: sustainable harvested for fruits, latex, and timber
Worth USD 4.092.000.000.000 if sustainable harvested or only 2% of that number if used as cattle pasture.
BENEFITS
MEDICINE
25% of all medicine has its origin in rainforest plants, animals or insects
BENEFITS
Global climate
- to accumulate 0.62 ±0.37 ton of carbon per ha, per annum
- produces 200 million tons of CO2 every year
BENEFITS
Exchange of gases (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, oxygen) between the biosphere and the atmosphere
This unique ecosystem faces an ever increasing threat
TOP DEADLY ANIMALS
Amazon mosquito
The Poison Dart Frog
Anaconda
The Brazilian spiders
Piranha
Amazon mosquito
Carry malaria, yellow fever, and Dengue fever, the latter cannot be vaccinated and is potentially fatal
The Poison Dart Frog
A powerful poison which can kill predators within an hour
Brightly colored skin: to alert predators of its poison
Anaconda
One of the largest snakes in the world
> 37 feet and weigh up to 550 pounds
Getting bigger and bigger each year.
Anaconda
carnivores: eat fish, caimans, deers, birds, ducks and turtles
Anaconda
Hide from enemies in the water
Stay under water for 45 minutes
Greatest enemy: humans
Anaconda
Can live for thirty years
Like to live alone
Give birth to live young
20 to 100 baby snakes are born at one time
Anaconda
Nose is on top of their snout: can breathe easily when they are in the water.
Smell with their tongue.
Have teeth, but they do not have fangs or poison.
Only eat once or twice a year.
The Brazilian spiders
The most toxic, an effective antivenom is available and few fatalities occur
A leg span of 13 to 15 cm
Body length: from 17 to 48 mm
Piranha
One of the most deadliest fishes in the world
Love to eat meat,
Their sharp teeth make them very dangerous for other living beings
Piranha
Baby piranha will feast on tiny crustaceans, fruits, seeds, and aquati
Biodiversity - By silver line prestige school
This document discusses biodiversity around the world, including definitions of biodiversity, why it is important, threats to biodiversity, and examples of biodiversity in different regions. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. It notes that biodiversity provides important services like pollination, pest control, and nutrient recycling. The top threats to biodiversity are habitat loss, invasive species, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. Examples are given of the biodiversity found in India, Australia, Greenland, and America, including distinctive plants and animals in each region.
unit -I ESS.pptx
Ecological succession is the process by which the species composition or community structure of an ecosystem changes over time. There are two main types of succession - primary and secondary. Primary succession occurs on new surfaces without soil, such as after a volcanic eruption. Secondary succession occurs in areas that were previously inhabited but have been disturbed. Succession proceeds from simple to more complex communities and ends with a stable climax community. Factors that threaten biodiversity include habitat loss, poaching, human-wildlife conflict, invasive species, and climate change. Conservation efforts include protected areas for in-situ conservation and zoos/botanical gardens for ex-situ conservation.
Forest report
The Philippine forests are among the most biodiverse in the world but are also among the most endangered, hosting many rare plant and animal species. Forest cover has declined significantly from around 54% historically to just 18.6% currently, and is shrinking at around 2% per year or 63 hectares per hour due to logging, land conversion, and other threats. This loss of forests endangers ecosystems, indigenous peoples, and threatens resources like food, water, and medicine. Efforts are needed to protect and restore the Philippines' remaining forests and biodiversity.
Biodiversity and conservation
This document discusses biodiversity at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. It provides examples of species diversity, such as the large number of ant and beetle species. Drivers of biodiversity loss include habitat loss, overexploitation, invasive species, and coextinctions. Conservation approaches involve both in situ methods like biosphere reserves, and ex situ techniques like seed banks and wildlife parks. International agreements aim to reduce biodiversity loss globally by 2010.
Lungs of the planet earth
Forests are the lungs of the earth. It is the trees which absorb the carbon dioxide released by the burning of fuel by man and keeps the air fresh.
The leaves use this carbon dioxide to produce food during photosynthesis, which is needed by animals.
The leaves after photosynthesis release oxygen which is a by- product of photosynthesis into the atmosphere.
This oxygen in the atmosphere is needed by all living organism for respiration. Without oxygen no animal or plant can survive on this earth!
The roots of trees help in absorbing the water from the ground and bring it up to the leaves. The excess water is sent out through the stomata and so the water vapour is released into the atmosphere.
The Rainforest
Presented June 9th, 2011
Chemistry
Maury High School
FVCproductions
https://fvcproductions.com
Marine biodiversity
The document discusses marine plant diversity. It notes that oceans occupy 70% of the Earth and contain over 5 million unclassified plant species. Marine plants include sea grasses and algae, which have a variety of forms and play an important role in the ecosystem by producing oxygen and providing nutrients. However, human activities like pollution, development, and climate change are threatening marine plant biodiversity by destroying habitats and accelerating extinction rates. International agreements have sought to promote more sustainable practices and conservation of biological diversity in the oceans.
Biodiversity (2)
The document discusses biodiversity at various levels from genes to ecosystems. It notes that India contains 8.1% of the world's biodiversity despite having only 2.4% of the land area. Biodiversity is declining rapidly due to threats like habitat loss, invasive species, pollution, population growth, overexploitation, and climate change. Conservation efforts include both in situ conservation of species within protected areas as well as ex situ conservation in zoos, botanical gardens, seed banks, and wildlife sanctuaries. Maintaining biodiversity preserves ecosystem services and benefits human welfare.
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Why Should We Save the Rainforest?
- 1. Why are Rainforests so Important to our environment?
- 2. Nearly half of the world’s species of plants, animals and microorganisms will be destroyed or severely threatened over the next quarter century due to rainforest deforestation.
- 3. Experts estimate that we are losing 137 plant, animal and insect species every single day. That is 50,000 species a year.
- 4. There were an estimated ten million Indians living in the Amazonian Rainforest five centuries ago. Today there are less than 200,000.
- 5. The Amazon Rainforest alone produces 20% of the world’s oxygen, earning the name “Lungs of our Planet”
- 6. Rainforests are often called the lungs of the planet for their role in absorbing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, and producing oxygen, upon which all animals depend for survival. Rainforests also stabilize climate, house incredible amounts of plants and wildlife, and produce nourishing rainfall all around the planet.
- 7. The Rainforest and Medicine 25% of western pharmaceuticals come from rainforest ingredients. Less than 1% of these tropical trees and plants have been tested by scientists.
- 8. Currently 121 prescription drugs currently sold worldwide come from plant-derived sources.
- 9. The U.S. National Cancer Institute has identified 3,000 plants that are active against cancer cell. 70% of these plants are found in the rainforest.
- 10. Vincristine, extracted from the rainforest plant, Periwinkle, is one of the world’s most powerful anticancer drugs. It has dramatically increased the survival rate for childhood leukemia since it’s discovery.