Relationship between language and syntax

2.  We study other languages to study the
range of constructions and features they
contain- on order to find out linguistic
diversity.
 The second reason is that linguists want to
discover the common properties that
languages share.
 One of the most important discoveries of
modern linguistics is that languages are
remarkably alike

3.  Certain features occur in all languages. For
example, every language distinguishes a
word class of noun from a word class of
verbs, although some languages have no
other major word classes. To discover this
type of in formation, linguistics need to have
research on different languages

4.  The pretty waterfall
 Der schone wasserfall
 The waterfall beautiful
 La cascada hermos

5. WHY DO LANGUAGES HAVE SYNTAX?
Through syntax
 Speakers convey message
 To convey meanings
 They might alter basic word order for
emphasis
 Play with word order
 To state or ask something

6.  In English, the word order is fixed.
 There are 3 main elements
 EXAMPLE:
1. Kim drank the tea.
2. Kim the tea drank. Japanese
3. Drank Kim the tea. Welsh
4. Drank the tea Kim.
5. The tea drank Kim. Grammatically correct
6. The tea Kim drank.

7.  Sentences with unusual construction are
known as marked sentences
 The usual basic word order is known as
unmarked.
Look at the following examples
The last exercise, a stall while climbing, I didn’t
do _ well.
Object fronting is rare in English.

8.  Mrs. Verwoerd struggles to read without her
glasses a statement appealing to Nelson
Mandela to give the Afrikaner a volkstart.
 Mrs. Verwoerd struggles to read _ without her
glasses a statement appealing to Nelson
Mandela to give the Afrikaner a volkstart.
_ known as environment. This symbol shows
the actual place of a text

9.  Making word or phrase more prominent
(promotion)
 Making word or phrase less prominent
(demotion)
 Kim broke the vase
 The vase was broken by Kim.
 The teacher gave a book to the students.
 The teacher gave the students a book.