Current rise in the popularity of drones have caused a surge in aircraft-drone near-miss events and raised the risks of drone air traffic disruptions. Several anti-drone technologies exist which can put an end to the menace. While monitoring is encouraged, drone neutralization methods are still not legally allowed in several countries. Typical monitoring tech equipment include RF Analyzers, Radar, Cameras and Acoustic Systems. They all come with their own pros & cons.
Five next-gen UAV evolutions every sensitive site should open their eyes to (...DroneSec
Lucas Le Bell (CERBAIR)
Talk Recording: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJX_RL52buk
The Global Drone Security Network (GDSN) is the only event of its kind focusing on Cyber-UAV security, Drone Threat Intelligence, Counter-UAS, and UTM security. Watch the full recording here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZ6sRr65cSk
Speaker: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lucas-le-bell-b4731228/
DroneSec is a cyber-uav security and threat intelligence company who hosted this second series of the GDSN community event.
https://dronesec.com/
DRONE Aviation Corp (DRNE) was formed in April 2014 to penetrate the rapidly growing Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) business in U.S. and abroad for government and commercial customers.
DRNE’s mission is to aggressively penetrate the expanding Drone market with our unique Tethered Drones, which are currently being fielded to the U.S. Department of Defense and State and Local municipalities.
DRNE owns and operates Florida-based Lighter Than Air Systems Corp (LTAS), a developer and supplier of unique and specialized aerial solutions to the U.S. Government, State municipalities, and commercial entities.
http://ultimate-uav.com/
Drones have applications in everyday life range from aerial filming to building construction monitoring. Ultimate UAV, drone manufacturer based in Dubai brought you easy to use and most efficient multicopter storm x8. We have state-of-the-art maintenance and spare parts shop. We offer uav pilot training with practical training using simulators
Five next-gen UAV evolutions every sensitive site should open their eyes to (...DroneSec
Lucas Le Bell (CERBAIR)
Talk Recording: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJX_RL52buk
The Global Drone Security Network (GDSN) is the only event of its kind focusing on Cyber-UAV security, Drone Threat Intelligence, Counter-UAS, and UTM security. Watch the full recording here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZ6sRr65cSk
Speaker: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lucas-le-bell-b4731228/
DroneSec is a cyber-uav security and threat intelligence company who hosted this second series of the GDSN community event.
https://dronesec.com/
DRONE Aviation Corp (DRNE) was formed in April 2014 to penetrate the rapidly growing Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) business in U.S. and abroad for government and commercial customers.
DRNE’s mission is to aggressively penetrate the expanding Drone market with our unique Tethered Drones, which are currently being fielded to the U.S. Department of Defense and State and Local municipalities.
DRNE owns and operates Florida-based Lighter Than Air Systems Corp (LTAS), a developer and supplier of unique and specialized aerial solutions to the U.S. Government, State municipalities, and commercial entities.
http://ultimate-uav.com/
Drones have applications in everyday life range from aerial filming to building construction monitoring. Ultimate UAV, drone manufacturer based in Dubai brought you easy to use and most efficient multicopter storm x8. We have state-of-the-art maintenance and spare parts shop. We offer uav pilot training with practical training using simulators
VMware Carbon Black Connect 2020 - Presentation on Destructive Malware and how the threat landscape is evolving as it relates to Nation State Adversaries and their capabilities.
This slide deck summarizes two years of research into the Revolution in Military Affairs that was network-centric warfare (NSW). Now available as a new book!
THERE WILL BE CYBERWAR
On Amazon, in bookstores.
The slides give the brief description of the top most famous drones presently available in the market. These Drones are highly efficient and User-Friendly, that's why it is being loved so much.
There's growing global alarm over Omicron - the new coronavirus variant that first emerged in South Africa. Researchers say it could be the most infectious form of the virus so far, and it might even beat current vaccines. The international response has been swift. Many countries have shut down air travel from southern Africa. The South African government says the bans are an overreaction.
Omicron has moved quickly. Now countries around the world are racing to get ahead, banning flights from the region where the variant was first discovered. South Africans suddenly find themselves cut off from the world.
Since the UK announced its travel ban, many other countries have followed suit. South Africa’s government says they acted too quickly.
As quickly as the travel restrictions were announced, they are more likely to slow down rather than completely stop the spread of omicron. Dutch health officials fear that dozens of COVID-infected passengers who arrived in Amsterdam on Friday might also be infected with the new variant.
Hong Kong, Israel, and Belgium have already confirmed cases.
The world has made progress in the fight against the coronavirus, but the new variant shows that the battle is far from won. The message for now from many officials: Get the vaccine, get the booster, and follow public health regulations.
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) pose an increasing threat to the aviation sector due to the rapid proliferation of the technology into civilian hands. UAS can be weaponized by malicious actors, while non-malicious UAS operators may inadvertently interfere with aviation-related activities. There have been numerous aviation-related incidents involving UAS in recent years.
Drones now being used in every field it is necessary to know basic things about drone, whether its features, its types and its use. In this pdf file we have discussed about drones , drones types. It will also help beginners to know about drones before selecting suitable drone for business.
Domestic drones – toys or dangerous air vehicles MichaelIzquierdo
Drones. Tiny flying devices that zip around the skies controlled by a human holding a remote control. For many, drones are simply toys, and flying them is nothing more than a hobby or pastime, while others use them for legitimate purposes such as photography or recording videos. They don’t sound particularly dangerous, but could they have the potential to cause serious accidents such as an air disaster?
VMware Carbon Black Connect 2020 - Presentation on Destructive Malware and how the threat landscape is evolving as it relates to Nation State Adversaries and their capabilities.
This slide deck summarizes two years of research into the Revolution in Military Affairs that was network-centric warfare (NSW). Now available as a new book!
THERE WILL BE CYBERWAR
On Amazon, in bookstores.
The slides give the brief description of the top most famous drones presently available in the market. These Drones are highly efficient and User-Friendly, that's why it is being loved so much.
There's growing global alarm over Omicron - the new coronavirus variant that first emerged in South Africa. Researchers say it could be the most infectious form of the virus so far, and it might even beat current vaccines. The international response has been swift. Many countries have shut down air travel from southern Africa. The South African government says the bans are an overreaction.
Omicron has moved quickly. Now countries around the world are racing to get ahead, banning flights from the region where the variant was first discovered. South Africans suddenly find themselves cut off from the world.
Since the UK announced its travel ban, many other countries have followed suit. South Africa’s government says they acted too quickly.
As quickly as the travel restrictions were announced, they are more likely to slow down rather than completely stop the spread of omicron. Dutch health officials fear that dozens of COVID-infected passengers who arrived in Amsterdam on Friday might also be infected with the new variant.
Hong Kong, Israel, and Belgium have already confirmed cases.
The world has made progress in the fight against the coronavirus, but the new variant shows that the battle is far from won. The message for now from many officials: Get the vaccine, get the booster, and follow public health regulations.
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) pose an increasing threat to the aviation sector due to the rapid proliferation of the technology into civilian hands. UAS can be weaponized by malicious actors, while non-malicious UAS operators may inadvertently interfere with aviation-related activities. There have been numerous aviation-related incidents involving UAS in recent years.
Drones now being used in every field it is necessary to know basic things about drone, whether its features, its types and its use. In this pdf file we have discussed about drones , drones types. It will also help beginners to know about drones before selecting suitable drone for business.
Domestic drones – toys or dangerous air vehicles MichaelIzquierdo
Drones. Tiny flying devices that zip around the skies controlled by a human holding a remote control. For many, drones are simply toys, and flying them is nothing more than a hobby or pastime, while others use them for legitimate purposes such as photography or recording videos. They don’t sound particularly dangerous, but could they have the potential to cause serious accidents such as an air disaster?
The drone industry has grown significantly, revolutionizing various sectors. These UAVs offer a convenient and innovative solution for surveillance. The Drone Security services surpass the limitations of traditional ground patrolling and expensive airplanes. With diverse payloads, they collect extensive data. Discover how drones play a pivotal role in ensuring safety and protection.
Drones used in every field , in order to get suitable drone for suitable business, it is essential to check before buying. You must have knowledge about drones,its types and its features. In this presentation we have discussed basic things about drone, its features, advantages,disadvantages and types of drones. Also check our website to know more about best drone advisor and drones.
Control of aircraft from the base station using eog siganl transmissiontheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Control of aircraft from the base station using eog siganl transmissiontheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Smart mining involves the application of intelligent technologies that can greatly improve the quality of mining by enhancing high production, improved safety of operations, sustainable environmental management, and effective mine communication. The world is campaigning for sustainable utilization and exploitation of mineral resources by zero waste and zero mine accidents. Hence to realize this dream, the adoption of smart mining is becoming a priority. Smart mining entails that intelligent technologies are incorporated in the operations of the mines, these technologies include UAVs, robotics and artificial intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT) and different sensors.These technologies are at the helm of safer, faster and more effective collection of big data for better production planning, safety monitoring, transportation and fleet management, and real time monitoring of mining operations. The benefit of these technologies include effective decision making and more efficient response to safety emergencies of the mine. This study classifies UAV’s based on wing type design, Altitude, Size and payload and weight and wingspan. Highlights are made of the different applications, advantages and challenges of UAVs and IoT in surface mine operations.
The Counter Drone Systems (anti drone) Market Industry is expected to grow from USD 3,965.0 Million in 2022 to USD 8,749.0 Million by 2022, at a CAGR of 18.7% between 2022 and 2032.
Counter Drone Systems Market 2022-2032 - Aviation and Defense Market ReportsDefense Report
Global Counter Drone System market 2022-2032 includes Counter drone technology, commonly referred to as counter-UAS or C-UAS, refers to devices that detect and/or intercept unmanned aircraft systems in flight. As drones become more widely used, counter-UAS technology is continuously developing and changing. Concerns about the threat that drones offer in civilian and military situations have fueled the advancement of C-UAS technology The Table of Content would give the readers a perspective of the coverage of the Global Counter Drone System market 2022-2032.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
2. Executive Summary
What Is the Issue
Current rise in the popularity of drones have
caused a surge in aircraft-drone near-miss
events and raised the risks of drone air traffic
disruptions.
Commercial and consumer drones usually weigh
less than 2 kg. While quadcopters are the most
popular, other fixed-wing drones are available as
well.
Drones have a battery life of around 30 min on a
single charge. Notwithstanding any regulations,
drones are capable of flying at heights of around
6000 m, with maximum possible range exceeding
8 km away from their controller. This is the same
altitude level that passenger aircraft are at, while
taking-off or landing at airports.
Recent studies have proved drone collisions to
be more deadly than bird strikes of equivalent
energy. An aircraft could suffer from structural
damage from a drone collision, causing a crash.
Apart from unintentional collisions or disruptions
caused by untrained drone operators, there
is also the danger of purposeful collisions.
Consumer drones can carry payloads of over
500g, with commercial drone capacity exceeding
6 kg. Terrorists may misuse this technology for
delivering explosives and crashing planes via
drones.
Several anti-drone technologies exist which can
put an end to the menace. While monitoring is
encouraged, drone neutralization methods are
still not legally allowed in several countries.
Typical monitoring tech equipment include RF
Analyzers, Radar, Cameras and Acoustic Systems.
They all come with their own pros & cons.
Typical countermeasure tech equipment includes
Birds of Prey, HELs, Net Guns and Nets, HPM
devices, GPS Spoofers, and RF Jammers. While
none of them are permitted yet due to official
regulations, Net Guns are highly suitable due to
lower levels of collateral damage risks at airports.
EMPs, RF Jamming and GPS spoofing have higher
collateral damage risks, but can yield successful
results when used correctly.
Usage of drones has become popular in recent
years as they’ve become easier to obtain & fly,
and are affordable. However, this comes with its
own set of threats. Growth in current drone usage
rates has caused a surge in aircraft-drone near-
miss cases on a worldwide basis.
There are also growing concerns that drones
could be used for nefarious purposes. This could
include methods like flying them over airports or
maneuvering them into flight paths of aircraft for
causing a deadly collision.
Terrorists could also try to deliver & detonate
explosives near an aircraft’s wings via drones,
which is a truly horrifying prospect.
with Using Drones Near Airports?
3. Drones Cause a Menace?
What Kinds of
The drones that pose threats near airports are not military-grade drones. These are simple commercial
or consumer drones, which mostly weigh below 2 kg. While quadcopters are the most common in this
category, several other fixed-wing small aircraft are included as well.Various other names for such
drones include SUAS and SUAV, commonly termed so, in defense circles.
DJI is a drone firm who supplies the world’s most competitive drone models available in the market
today. Their most sought-after drones and relevant specs have been included below:
Spark Mavic Phantom Inspire
Inspire
Matrice 600
Dimensions 14x14x6cm
300g
16 mins
50 km/h
4 km
2 km
N/A
YES
31x24x9cm
700g
31 mins
72 km/h
6 km
8 km
N/A
YES
29x29x20cm
1.4kg
30 mins
72 km/h
6 km
7 km
N/A
YES
48x47x32cm
3.4kg
27 mins
94 km/h
4.5 km
7 km
810g
YES
167x152x73cm
10kg
18 mins
65 km/h
4.5 km
5 km
6kg
YES
Weight
Max. Flight Time
Max. Speed
Max. Altitude
Max. Transmission
Distance
Max. Recommended
Payload
Autonomous Flight
Capable?
4. PERSISTENT AND INTENTIONAL AIRPORT DISRUPTION
AIRCRAFT MAY ENCOUNTER DRONES DURING LANDING
OR TAKE-OFF
CONSEQUENCES OF A PASSENGER AIRCRAFT –
DRONE COLLISION
Drone flight times happen to be quite limited, mostly between 15 – 30 minutes. However, batteries
may be swapped out for newer ones in seconds, which means that flight times may be extended
significantly with frequent, but short interruptions.
If persistent and intentional airport disruption is the goal, that is achievable by using multiple drones
or having an ample supply of batteries nearby.
Most drones stay near the ground, with most countries mandating a maximum altitude, mostly at 120
m. However, drones are able to fly at altitudes of over 6 km in a few cases. While it is not a threat to
an aircraft at a cruising altitude, it poses a significant threat during landing and take-off times.
As can be seen based on the table given above, consumer drones typically measure 30 cm across
& weigh below 2 kg in most cases. Professional drones measure between 50 – 1500 cm and weigh
between 3 – 10 kg. Batteries are responsible for most of this weight.
A research study from DRI discovered that when DJI Phantom Drones (which weigh 1.4 kg and measure
30 cm across) were fired at speeds of 383 km per hour at a GA aircraft’s wings, the drone caused a
DRONE OPERATORS NEED NOT BE CLOSE TO THE AIRPORT
FOR OPERATING IT
While most regulations mandate that drones should never stray away from the operator’s Line-of-
Sight (LoS), typically set at 500 m, drones are capable of functioning smoothly even at distances of
over 7-8 km away from their operators, which makes apprehending them a much harder task.
5. WHAT’S THIS DRONE CARRYING?
hole in the aircraft wing’s leading edge and went deep, deforming its entire structure. This lab test
simulated real-life conditions of an aircraft-drone collision during a landing procedure.
DRI’s Impact Physics Group Leader Kevin Poorman stated that almost all the aircraft’s weight happens
to be suspended on its spars. If it gets damaged beyond a point, the aircraft will crash, without a
doubt,
While this test was made on GA structures, the UK CAA downplayed these damage risks, stating that
passenger aircraft were built to a much higher quality. However, they did caution that drone-aircraft
collisions caused greater damage compared to equivalent impact caused by bird strikes.
As seen above, a few drones have been developed for carrying heavy payloads. DJI Inspire models
can carry over 1 kg, with the DJI Matrice 600 model capable of carrying over 6 kg. DJI Phantom
models have been used by ISIS terrorists for deploying and carrying 40 mm grenades, which can each
weigh over 400 g. Several hundreds of such attacks have taken place in Syria and Iraq.
2 DJI Matrice 600 drones were used during the 2018 assassination attempt made on Venezuelan
President Maduro. Although unsuccessful, the drones detonated powerful explosives near the
President.
While no Drone-Borne IEDs (DBIEDs) have popped up so far near airports, it is ridiculously easy to
implement such a strategy compared to smuggling explosives aboard a place via traditional methods.
6. Drone-Related Challenges
Additional
Many drone models happen to be controlled via radio or Wi-Fi capabilities. The most frequently used
Wi-Fi spectrum frequencies happen to be the 5.725 GHz – 5.825 GHz or 2.400 GHz – 2.483 GHz
ranges. Data is transmitted in both directions between the drone and its controller, as both have radio
receivers and transmitters.
Drone data often includes its position, video feed, altitude, heading, and speed. This information is
streamed to the operator, who can use this data for maneuvering their drones with a high degree of
precision that is extremely useful.
While most drones are flown on a real-time basis, controlled by an operator, it’s also feasible to set
up pre-determined checkpoints for them to reach autonomously.
Drones employ a safety function, where any emergency event can force the drone to fly back to a
home location, that’s already been preset.They can be modified to prevent them from transmitting
data, which is extremely helpful in avoiding radio detection devices.
Drone swarms happen to be a real possibility. For example, Intel has showcased drone swarms
where over 1000 drones were synchronized, pre-programmed & controlled from one, single source.
An airbase run by Russia in Syria had been attacked by thirteen pre-programmed military drones,
carrying explosives. This swarm had been launched from a location over 50 km away from the base.
As drones become increasingly used by emergency services and commercial businesses, it may
become difficult to distinguish between legitimate and non-legitimate drones. For instance, the
Gatwick disruption in Dec 2018 was thought to have been caused by legitimate police drone sightings
which were mistaken by the authorities for rogue drones, who then enforced an unnecessary airport
shutdown.
AUTONOMOUS FLIGHT
SWARMS
FOE OR FRIEND
7. Anti-Drone Solutions
Available for Airports
At the moment, airports are heavily reliant on alerts from the public, pilots, and ground staff. Although
it’s free, it can be disadvantageous, like the Gatwick Airport shutdown, where millions of pounds
were lost as a result of the shutdown. Not maintaining a reliable drone surveillance system means
lack of access to proper information. Even the data that you do obtain will be erratic, unreliable and
unpredictable.
Uncertainty and safety aren’t a good mix in airport environments. It could result in longer airport
shutdowns, costing money and reputation.
Anti-drone technologies can be classified into two: Countermeasures; and Monitoring Equipment.
Drone Monitoring Equipment
These instruments can be active (sending signals out & analyzing the results) or passive (simply
listening or looking) and can be used to perform several different functions like:
However, please be aware not every equipment performs the functionalities mentioned above,
simultaneously.
There are 4 primary kinds of effective drone monitoring devices:
ALERTING TRACKING AND
LOCATING
IDENTIFICATION
OR
CLASSIFICATION
DETECTION
RADAR OPTICAL
SENSORS
ACOUSTIC
SENSORS
RF ANALYZERS
8. RADIO FREQUENCY (RF)
ANALYZERS
ACOUSTIC SENSORS (MICROPHONES)
OPTICAL SENSORS (CAMERAS)
RF Analyzer consists of 1 or several antennas that receive
specific radio waves & a processor that analyzes the
radio frequency spectrum. They are used for detecting
radio comms signals between controllers and their
drones.
A few systems might even be capable of identifying
common drone models and makes, with some capable of
identifying the controller and the drone’s MAC addresses
as well (if that particular drone utilizes Wi-Fi comms
networks). These are helpful for aiding prosecution
arguments since it can prove that a certain controller
and drone were active at a particular time.
Some advanced systems are also capable of triangulating
a controller and his drone by utilizing several detection
units that have been spread wide apart.
Pros: Can be cost-effective, can detect or even identify
multiple controllers and drones, passive, therefore no
licenses are required, some are capable of triangulating
controller and drone position.
Cons: Does not always track and locate drones, cannot
detect any autonomous drones, not very effective in
areas with high RF levels, limited range abilities.
These are typically a microphone/a microphone array (consisting of many microphones) that can
detect sounds made by drones and calculate direction. Adding more microphone array sets can
enable rough triangulation capabilities.
Pros: Provides drone direction although it doesn’t usually locate, medium prices.
Cons: Short ranges capped at a maximum of 300 to 500 meters, doesn’t work well in a noisy
environment.
Basically, it’s an advanced video camera. Apart from imaging in standard daylight conditions, optical
sensors may also have thermal or infrared imaging capabilities.
URBAN DYNAMITE RF-Based Drone
Detection System, which utilizes the latest
battlefield proven RF Spectrum Monitoring
and Analyzing Technology, overcomes the
above-mentioned technical disadvantages
found in many other RF-based drone
detection devices on the market, and
provides following state-of-the-art features
• Real-Time ALL frequency spectrum
monitoring
• Real-Time DF frequency monitoring and
directions at the same time
• 3G, 4G and 5G drone detection capability
• Long Detection Range (up to 50 km)
• No-Gap Full Dome Coverage: 360° azimuth
and 90° elevation with high tracking
accuracy
• Tracks and Locates the drone operator(s)
• Identifies the drone model and make
SOURCE: DGS
9. RADAR
This device uses radio energy for detecting objects. The radar emits signals out and analyzes its
reflection, measuring distance (position) and direction. Most radars emit radio signals in burst
form and proceed to listen for its ‘echo’. Almost every kind of radar is designed to pick out only
large targets. They’re designed for tracking large objects, such as a passenger aircraft.
Pros: Can track drones irrespective of any autonomous flight abilities, isn’t dependent on visual
conditions (fog, night, day, etc.), can track hundreds of objects/targets simultaneously, highly
accurate location tracking abilities, constant tracking, long range.
Cons: Requires frequency check and transmission license for preventing interference, most of them
cannot distinguish between drones and birds, detection ranges are dependent on the drone’s size.
Pros: Can record pictures and collect forensic evidence for usage in prosecution arguments, can
provide drone images along with its payload details.
Cons: Poor performance rates in fog, dark conditions, high false-trigger rates, is not an effective
detection tool on its own.
SOURCE: DGS
10. Drone Countermeasure
Equipment
These can be classified as either:
• Taking full control of the enemy drone; or
• Neutralizing the enemy drone; or
• Physical destruction of the drones.
It’s vital to understand that while this technology is already available, prevailing regulations in
several countries explicitly forbid the usage of the below-mentioned tech equipment for enemy drone
neutralization purposes.
Exceptions may be made for law enforcement or military agencies at times.
LOCATING & PHYSICALLY APRHENDING DRONE OPERATORS
COUNTER DRONE RF JAMMERS
Law enforcement or security agencies are still allowed to apprehend drone operators. However, you’ll
need to discover their location first.
RF Jammers are handheld, mobile, or static devices
that transmit large amounts of RF waves towards enemy
drones, masking controller signals. This may lead to any
1 of these 4 scenarios, based on the make and model of
the drone.
• The drone flies away in an uncontrolled, random
direction.
• The drone falls to the Earth in an uncontrolled fashion.
• The drone returns back to a home location set by the
user (which may also be a target location instead of
its launch location)
• The drone attempts a landing without changing its
position.
Pros: Non-kinetic neutralization, medium price.
Cons: Can jam or affect other radio comms, short range.
The Urban Dynamite Anti-Drone Jammer
transmits multi-bands RF and GNSS (Europe’s
Galileo, USA’s NAVSTAR GPS, Russia’s GLONASS,
and China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System)
jamming signals to disrupt commercial drones’
control functions and causes no damage to
drone hardware or surrounding environment.
The intruding target drone will be forced to
1. Enter vertical safe-landing mode
2. Return to the starting point or the drone
operator which allows the drone operator to be
tracked down
11. GPS SPOOFERS
HIGH POWER MICROWAVE (HPM) DEVICES
NETS NET GUNS
These devices emit new signals targeted at the enemy drone, which replace its GPS satellite
communications, used by it for navigation purposes. This way, drones can be ‘spoofed’ into incorrectly
thinking that they are somewhere else. A drone’s position may be controlled by trained spoofers by
altering GPS coordinates dynamically on a real-time basis.
Pros: Non-kinetic neutralization, medium price.
Cons: May unintentionally lead the enemy drone to a target location, may cause unpredictability in
drone behavior, can jam or affect other radio comms, short range.
An HPM or High Power Microwave device generates an EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) that is able
to disrupt electronic devices. This EMP causes interference with the drone’s radio links, which may
result in disruption or even destruction of electronic circuitry systems in drones (along with other
electronic devices in the range as well) due to damaging current and voltage levels created by it. An
antenna may be included in HPM devices as well, for focusing this EMP blast in a particular direction
that reduces chances of collateral damage.
Pros: Non-kinetic, drones can be neutralized effectively within range.
Cons: Drones may effectively switch off, which results in them falling down in an uncontrollable
fashion immediately, risk of unintentional disruption of comms networks or destruction of electronic
devices located in the vicinity, high cost.
Firing nets at drones or enveloping drones with a net can stop drones by blocking off their rotor
blades, crippling motion abilities. There are 3 main kinds:
Hanging nets that are deployed from ‘net drones’: Drones are captured by maneuvering friendly drones
(carrying nets) towards rogue drones. ‘Net drones’ are normally capable of carrying rogue drones into
safe zones, or in case the drone happens to be too heavy, they can release captured drones without
or with parachutes for enabling controlled descent.
Net cannons fired from other drones: This overcomes the net cannon’s limited range abilities. It
can be tough to capture a moving drone. It is typically used with parachutes for ensuring that the
captured drones undergo a controlled descent.
Net Cannons fired from ground level: Can be turret-mounted, hand-held, or shoulder-launched. Range
effectiveness can be anywhere between 20m – 300m. May be used without or with parachutes for
ensuring that the captured drones undergo a controlled descent.
Pros: Can physically capture drones – good for prosecution and forensics, low collateral damage
risks, long range abilities of nets deployed by drones, net cannons that are launched from the ground
tend to have semi-automatic abilities along with a high accuracy level.
12. Cons: Nets launched from the ground have shorter ranges, nets deployed via drones have long reload
times and are often imprecise, kinetic solutions may result in drone destruction, based on whether a
parachute was used or not.
HIGH-ENERGY LASERS
BIRDS OF PREY
High-powered, advanced optical devices that produce extremely focused beams of light, also known
as laser beams. Lasers defeat drones by destroying inner electronics or/and drone structure.
Pros: Can physically stop the drone.
Cons: Experimental technology, large system, high collateral damage risks, high cost.
Eagles can be imparted training for capturing small drones. However, this is a very low-tech measure
that requires considerable manpower resources for training (estimated at a year for one bird alone)
and the maintenance of these birds of prey. Dutch law enforcement agencies, who had originally come
up with this idea, disbanded this service as these birds weren’t always responding to commands to
capture drones. However, it doesn’t mean this measure is completely ineffective though.
Pros: If these birds happen to be available near your location, the interception of drones can be
accurate and quick with low collateral damage risks.
Cons: Intensive manpower resources needed for maintenance and training, birds do not always
respond to capture commands, difficult to operationalize, birds can be hazards themselves in several
environments.
13. AIRPORTS REQUIRE INTEGRATED SYSTEMS
BUT WHAT IS THE USE IN MONITORING WITHOUT BEING
ABLE TO DEPLOY COUNTERMEASURES?
No solutions given previously in this white paper are effective in stopping drone-related issues on
their own. An effective system would include all these systems, which complement each other finely.
And it’s up to you, whether or not to combine countermeasures with monitoring solutions based on
prevailing laws in your country.
It’s like a smoke alarm: While it doesn’t put out any fires, not having any installed in your home would
be a foolish move.For implementing an anti-drone solution, you need to understand this problem
thoroughly, from all angles. You should devise a proper system that lets you defend against drone
intrusions.If you are going to do this, you’ll require a potent drone monitoring solution. For airport
security, we suggest a powerful RF device, with cameras equipped into it, and a reliable drone radar.
This solution will have an early warning, long range, highly accurate radar tracking, drone and controller
identification along with camera abilities. While individual modules in such systems could raise false
alarms, when they all work together, a significant improvement can be observed in accuracy rates.
Recommendation
14. YOU REQUIRE MICRO-DOPPLER RADARS IN YOUR
INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEM
While radars’ Pros and Cons were mentioned earlier, these are mostly applicable only for traditional
radars, which aren’t all that accurate. At DGS, we use micro-doppler radars, which are efficient at
classifying, tracking, and detecting drones.
In case of drones, micro-doppler radars are capable of identifying propeller presence by detecting
speed differences between the rotor blades.
This technique allows birds to be excluded from the scan, as they do not have propellers. This
method works for fixed-wing aircraft and quadcopters as well.
Unlike traditional radars, our micro-doppler drone detection radar overcome some of the Cons
mentioned earlier:
• Affordable alternative to conventional radar systems
• Can distinguish between birds and drones
• Have low power requirements, which make them safe and easy to operate obtain transmission
permits.
• Provide early warnings
• Track and detect autonomous drones unidentifiable by most RF solutions
• Provide a 360-degree radar coverage
Micro-Doppler Radar ‘Urban Dynamite’ 2018
15. Conclusion
Recent studies have proved drone collisions to be more deadly than bird strikes of equivalent
energy. An aircraft could suffer from structural damage from a drone collision, causing a crash.
Apart from unintentional collisions or disruptions caused by untrained drone operators, there is
also the danger of purposeful collisions. Consumer drones can carry payloads of over 500g, with
commercial drone capacity exceeding 6 kg. Terrorists may misuse this technology for delivering
explosives and crashing planes via drones.
Several anti-drone technologies exist which can put an end to the menace. While monitoring is
encouraged, drone neutralization methods are still not legally allowed in several countries.
Typical monitoring tech equipment include RF Analyzers, Radar, Cameras and Acoustic Systems.
They all come with their own pros cons.
It is suggested that airport anti-drone monitoring systems have
• RF abilities for triangulation and identification of controllers and drones
• Cameras, for enabling visual identification
• Radar, for accurate tracking and localization and detection over long distances
When utilizing radar tech for detecting drones, regardless of whether it belongs to an integrated
or a stand-alone solution, it has to be a micro-doppler radar, which are capable of differentiating
between drones and birds. This prevents false drone alerts due to birds; which is a common
disadvantage with radar.
Typical counter-drone technologies include Birds of Prey, HELs, Net Guns and Nets, HPM devices,
GPS Spoofers, and RF Jammers. While none of them are permitted yet due to official regulations.
Net Guns are highly suitable due to lower collateral damage risks at airports. EMPs, RF Jamming
and GPS spoofing have higher collateral damage risks, but can yield successful results when used
correctly.
For discovering how the implementation of an advanced anti-drone solution could benefit your
airport, contact our team, available at info@usdgs.com or visit us at www.usdgs.com.
Dynamite Global Strategies, Inc
7260 W. Azure Dr Ste 140-2518
Las Vegas, NV 89130, USA
https://usdgs.com info@usdgs.com