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- 1. Introduction • Click on the question marks to reveal the answer. Marchelle Davis • Click BACK to go to the Courtney Zuber list of words Nicole Coetzer • Click NEXT to go to the next topic Madison Hall
- 2. Structure and Function Anatomy ????? Physiology ????? NEXT
- 3. Anatomy the study ofthe body's structures of living organisms BACK
- 4. Physiology the study ofthe functions of each structure BACK
- 5. Life Characteristics Responsiveness ????? Conductivity ????? Growth ????? Respiration ????? Digestion ????? Absorption ????? Secretion ????? Excretion ????? Circulation ????? Reproduction ????? NEXT
- 6. Responsiveness Permits an organism to sense, monitor, and respond to change in its environment. BACK
- 7. Conductivity Permitsan organism to sense, monitor, and respond to change in its environment. BACK
- 8. Growth Normal increasein size or number of cells BACK
- 9. Respiration Process that results in absorption, transport, utilization, or exchange or respiratory gases between an organism and its environment BACK
- 10. Digestion Processby which complex food products are broken down into simpler substances BACK
- 11. Absorption Processby which complex food products are broken down into simpler substances BACK
- 12. Secretion Productionand delivery of specialized substances for diverse body functions BACK
- 13. Excretion Removalof waste products produced during body functions BACK
- 14. Circulation Refers to the movement of body fluids BACK
- 15. Reproduction Involves the formation of a new individual BACK
- 16. Human Organization Cell ????? Tissue ????? Organ ????? Organ system ????? Organism ????? NEXT
- 17. Cell The basic unit of structure and function in living things May serve a specific function within the organism Examples: blood cells, nervous cells, bone cells, etc. BACK
- 18. Tissue Made up of cells that are similar in structure and function and which work together to preform a specific activity Humans have 4 basic tissues: connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve. Examples: blood, nerves, bone, etc. BACK
- 19. Organ Made up of tissues that work together to perform a specific activity Examples - heart, brain, skin, etc. BACK
- 20. Organ System Groups of two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function for the organism The human body has 11 organ systems: circulatory, digestive, endocrine, excretory, BACK
- 21. Organism Entire living things that can carry out all basic life processes. Meaning they can take in materials, release energy from food, release wastes, grow, respond to the environment, and reproduce. Usually made up of organ systems, but an organism may be made up of only one cell such as bacteria or protist. Examples - bacteria, amoeba, mushroom, sunflower, human BACK
- 22. Homeostasis Homeostasis ????? Endocrine System ????? Positive Feedback ????? Negative Feedback ????? NEXT
- 23. Homeostasis astate ofbalance inside the body, where the body systems work together to keep it functioning normally BACK
- 24. Endocrine System Keeps the internal balance act going by releasing chemicals called hormones. The release of the hormones is controlled by negative feedback mechanisms BACK
- 25. Anatomical Planes Directional planes-describe the locations of structures relation to other structures or locations in the body Anterior ????? Posterior ????? Distal ????? Proximal ????? Dorsal ????? Ventral ????? Superior ????? Inferior ????? Lateral ????? medial ????? NEXT
- 26. Anterior Toward the front of the body Example: The nose is on the anterior of the head BACK
- 27. Posterior Toward theback (rear) Example: The heel is posterior to the head BACK
- 28. Distal Away from the trunk or point of attachment Example: The hand is distal to the elbow. BACK
- 29. Proximal Toward an internal organ; away from the outer wall (describes relative position in a limb or other appendage) Example: The joint is proximal to the toenail. BACK
- 30. Dorsal Along (or toward) the vertebral surface of the body Example: Her scar is along the dorsal surface BACK
- 31. Ventral Along(toward) thebelly surface of the body Example: The navel is on the ventral surface. BACK
- 32. Superior Towardthe top of the body Example: The shoulders are superior to the hips BACK
- 33. Inferior Towardthe bottom of the body Example: The stomach is inferior to the heart BACK
- 34. Lateral Toward theside; away from the midsagittal plane Example: The eyes are lateral to the nose. BACK
- 35. Medial Towardthe midsagittal plane; away from the side Example: The eyes are medial to the ears. BACK
- 36. Anatomical Planes Bodyplanes- a person standing in an upright position then dissecting this person with vertical and horizontal planes Lateral or Sagittal Plane ????? Parasagittal Plane ????? Midsagittal Plane ????? Frontal or Coronal Plane ????? Transverse Plane ????? NEXT
- 37. Lateral or SagittalPlane Imagine a vertical plane that runs through your body from front to back or back to front. This plane divides the body into right and left regions BACK
- 38. Parasagittal Plane Sagittalplanethat divides the body into unequal right and left regions BACK
- 39. Midsagittal Plane Sagittal plane that divides the body into equal right and left regions. BACK
- 40. Frontal or CoronalPlane Imagine a vertical plane that runs through the center of your body from side to side. This plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) regions BACK
- 41. Transverse Plane Imaginea horizontal plane that runs through the midsection of your body. This plane divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) regions BACK
- 42. Directional terms Caudal ????? Cephalad ????? Visceral ????? Parietal ????? Deep ????? Superficial ????? Medullary ????? Cortical ????? Ipsilateral ????? Contralateral ????? NEXT
- 43. Caudal Toward the tail Example: The neck is caudal to the skull. BACK
- 44. Cephalad Toward the headExample: The neck is cephalad to the tail BACK
- 45. Visceral Toward an internal organ; away from the outer wall (describes positions inside a body cavity) Example: This organ is covered with the visceral layer of the membrane BACK
- 46. Parietal Toward the wall; away from internal structures Example: The abdominal cavity is lined with the parietal peritoneal membrane. BACK
- 47. Deep Toward the inside of a part; away from the surface Example: The thigh muscles are deep to the skin. BACK
- 48. Superficial Toward the surface of a part; away from the inside Example: The skin is a superficial organ. BACK
- 49. Medullary Refersto aninner region, or medulla Example: The medullary portion of the organ contains nerve tissue. BACK
- 50. Cortical Refersto an outer region or cortex. Example: The cortical area produces hormones. BACK
- 51. Ipsilateral On the sameside (of the body) as Example: The left knee is ipsilateral to the left ankle. BACK
- 52. Contralateral Onthe opposite side of the body Example: The left knee is contralateral to the right knee. BACK
- 53. Body Organization Ear ????? Nose ????? Mouth ????? Neck ????? Point of shoulder ????? Armpit ????? Breast ????? Arm ????? Back of elbow ????? Front of elbow ????? NEXT
- 54. Body Organization cont… Stomach ????? Reproductive organs ????? Wrist ????? Palm ????? Finger ????? Ankle ????? NEXT
- 55. Ear Otic BACK
- 56. Nose Nasal BACK
- 57. Mouth Oral BACK
- 58. Neck Cervical BACK
- 59. Point of shoulder Acromial BACK
- 60. Armpit Axillary BACK
- 61. Breast Mammary BACK
- 62. Arm Brachial BACK
- 63. Back of Elbow Antecubital BACK
- 64. Front of elbow Antebrachial BACK
- 65. Stomach Abdominal BACK
- 66. Reproductive Organs Genital BACK
- 67. Wrist Carpal BACK
- 68. Palm Palmer BACK
- 69. Finger Digital BACK
- 70. Ankle Tarsal BACK