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What	
  They	
  Didn't	
  Tell	
  You	
  	
  
in	
  CSM	
  Class	
  
Camille	
  Bell	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  
Twi5er	
  @agilecamille	
  
Agile	
  DC	
  2016	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  October	
  24,	
  2016	
  
Issue:	
  Scrum	
  Team	
  Missing	
  Key	
  People	
  
What:	
  
•  Delivery	
  team	
  does	
  not	
  include	
  UX	
  designer,	
  DBA,	
  DevOps,	
  etc.	
  
–  Company/OrganizaFon	
  silos	
  key	
  skills	
  into	
  separate	
  teams	
  
–  Handoffs	
  to	
  outside	
  overworked	
  teams	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
•  Development	
  team	
  not	
  cross-­‐funcFonal	
  	
  =>	
  	
  DELAYS/LATE	
  
PRODUCT/	
  
Why:	
  
•  Company	
  doesn't	
  really	
  understand	
  or	
  implement	
  Scrum	
  
•  Company	
  trying	
  to	
  opFmize	
  locally	
  instead	
  of	
  globally	
  
•  Company	
  can't	
  hire	
  enough	
  UX,	
  DBA,	
  Ops	
  folks	
  
•  Company	
  won't	
  delegate	
  responsibiliFes	
  to	
  delivery	
  team	
  	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  2	
  
Company	
  doesn't	
  really	
  understand	
  or	
  implement	
  Scrum:	
  
•  Educate	
  upper	
  management	
  on	
  the	
  value	
  of	
  cross-­‐funcFonal	
  teams	
  
Company	
  trying	
  to	
  op0mize	
  locally	
  instead	
  of	
  globally:	
  
•  Educate	
  upper	
  management	
  on	
  Lean	
  principles	
  
•  Conduct	
  Value	
  Stream	
  Map	
  to	
  quanFfy	
  cost	
  of	
  handoffs	
  
Company	
  can't	
  hire	
  enough	
  UX,	
  DBA,	
  Ops	
  folks:	
  	
  
•  Stop	
  building	
  non-­‐essenFal	
  low	
  payoff	
  products	
  
•  Reduce	
  manual	
  load	
  on	
  DBA,	
  Testers,	
  Ops	
  with	
  automaFon	
  
•  Imbed	
  key	
  people	
  (at	
  least	
  part	
  Fme)	
  into	
  Development	
  Team	
  
•  Cross-­‐train	
  members	
  of	
  Development	
  Team	
  in	
  key	
  skills	
  
Company	
  won't	
  delegate	
  responsibili0es	
  to	
  delivery	
  team:	
  
•  Demonstrate	
  improved	
  repeatability,	
  Fme	
  to	
  market	
  and	
  governance	
  
and	
  reduced	
  risk	
  from	
  automaFon	
  and	
  cross-­‐funcFonality	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  3	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  Team	
  Missing	
  Key	
  People	
  
Issue:	
  Scrum	
  a	
  Mismatch	
  for	
  Team	
  
What:	
  
•  Scrum	
  expects	
  delivery	
  teams	
  to	
  have	
  work	
  with	
  a	
  predictable,	
  
backlog	
  that	
  can	
  be	
  well	
  esFmated	
  and	
  can	
  be	
  completed	
  within	
  
a	
  sprint	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
•  Most	
  delivery	
  teams	
  slowly	
  become	
  be[er	
  at	
  esFmaFng	
  and	
  
working	
  within	
  a	
  sprint	
  
•  But	
  a	
  few	
  teams	
  never	
  do	
  
Why:	
  
•  Scrum	
  is	
  designed	
  for	
  teams	
  that	
  deliver	
  new	
  features	
  
•  Some	
  teams	
  have	
  a	
  different	
  cadence	
  
•  Some	
  teams	
  cannot	
  effecFvely	
  esFmate	
  their	
  work	
  beforehand	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  4	
  
Recognize	
  that	
  Scrum	
  wasn't	
  designed	
  for	
  some	
  types	
  of	
  work	
  
•  Examples	
  include:	
  	
  
–  Maintenance	
  Teams	
  	
  
–  System	
  Engineering	
  Teams	
  
–  Network	
  Engineering	
  Teams	
  
–  Dedicated	
  Research	
  and	
  Development	
  Teams	
  
Maintenance	
  /	
  Bug	
  Fix	
  Teams	
  Can't	
  Es0mate	
  work:	
  
•  ~	
  90	
  %	
  of	
  the	
  Fme	
  required	
  to	
  fix	
  legacy	
  or	
  complex	
  bugs	
  is	
  spent	
  
researching	
  and	
  understanding	
  the	
  bug	
  
•  UnFl	
  a	
  bug	
  is	
  understood,	
  it	
  can't	
  be	
  esFmated	
  
•  Use	
  Kanban	
  instead	
  of	
  Scrum	
  for	
  planning	
  and	
  tracking	
  progress	
  
•  Daily	
  standups	
  and	
  regular	
  retrospecFves	
  are	
  sFll	
  useful	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  5	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  a	
  Mismatch	
  for	
  Team	
  
Delivery	
  Teams	
  That	
  Also	
  Fix	
  Pre-­‐exis0ng	
  Bugs:	
  	
  
•  EsFmaFng	
  bugs	
  is	
  a	
  waste	
  of	
  Fme	
  
•  Instead	
  dedicate	
  a	
  percentage	
  of	
  the	
  team's	
  capacity	
  to	
  bug	
  
fixes	
  
–  Only	
  applies	
  to	
  pre-­‐exisFng	
  bugs	
  
–  Fixing	
  new	
  feature	
  bugs	
  is	
  part	
  of	
  regular	
  new	
  feature	
  work	
  
•  Delete	
  that	
  capacity	
  from	
  the	
  total	
  capacity	
  when	
  planning	
  new	
  
feature	
  work	
  
•  Plan	
  and	
  track	
  bug	
  fixes	
  in	
  a	
  dedicated	
  Scrumban	
  Swim	
  Lane,	
  
creaFng	
  two	
  input	
  queues,	
  one	
  the	
  standard	
  new	
  feature	
  
backlog	
  and	
  a	
  second	
  of	
  bug	
  fixes	
  
•  Use	
  first-­‐in	
  first	
  out,	
  Naked	
  Planning,	
  etc.	
  to	
  prioriFze	
  work	
  
items	
  in	
  the	
  maintenance	
  input	
  queue	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  6	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  a	
  Mismatch	
  for	
  Team	
  
 	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Kanban	
  Board	
  with	
  Swim	
  Lanes	
  
(2	
  feature	
  sets,	
  1	
  bug	
  fix)	
  
Features	
  	
  
Maintenance	
  &	
  
Improvement	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  7	
  
System	
  Engineering	
  and	
  Networking	
  Teams:	
  	
  
•  These	
  teams	
  support	
  other	
  teams,	
  so	
  other	
  delivery	
  teams	
  are	
  
effecFvely	
  their	
  Product	
  Owners,	
  but	
  since	
  they	
  support	
  mulFple	
  
teams	
  they	
  have	
  compeFng	
  prioriFes	
  	
  
•  Also	
  while	
  some	
  work	
  can	
  be	
  anFcipated,	
  much	
  of	
  their	
  work	
  is	
  and	
  
should	
  be	
  ad-­‐hoc	
  
•  EsFmaFon	
  is	
  less	
  of	
  an	
  issue	
  (e.g.	
  standing	
  up	
  a	
  new	
  server	
  or	
  creaFng	
  
a	
  network	
  alias	
  takes	
  a	
  predictable	
  amount	
  of	
  Fme)	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  8	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  a	
  Mismatch	
  for	
  Team	
  
OpFon	
  1:	
  	
  	
  System	
  Engineering	
  and	
  Networking	
  Teams	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
	
   	
  incorporated	
  into	
  delivery	
  teams	
  
–  Creates	
  a	
  truly	
  cross-­‐funcFonal	
  team	
  
–  Requires	
  restructuring	
  your	
  organizaFon	
  
–  System	
  Engineering	
  and	
  Networking	
  tasks	
  become	
  part	
  of	
  user	
  
stories	
  and	
  are	
  planned,	
  esFmated	
  and	
  tracked	
  accordingly	
  
OpFon	
  2:	
  	
  	
  System	
  Engineering	
  and	
  Networking	
  Teams	
  remain	
  
	
   	
  separate	
  teams	
  
–  Use	
  Kanban	
  instead	
  of	
  Scrum	
  for	
  planning	
  and	
  tracking	
  
progress	
  
–  Use	
  first-­‐in	
  first	
  out,	
  Naked	
  Planning,	
  etc.	
  to	
  prioriFze	
  work	
  
items	
  in	
  the	
  input	
  queue	
  
–  Daily	
  standups	
  and	
  regular	
  retrospecFves	
  are	
  sFll	
  useful	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  9	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  a	
  Mismatch	
  for	
  Team	
  
Research	
  and	
  Development	
  Teams:	
  	
  
•  These	
  teams	
  by	
  their	
  nature	
  are	
  oeen	
  ad-­‐hoc	
  and	
  exploratory	
  
•  But	
  some	
  discipline	
  is	
  helpful	
  to	
  provide	
  technical	
  focus,	
  avoid	
  lengthy	
  
excursions	
  down	
  rat	
  holes	
  and	
  provide	
  business	
  value	
  
•  Less	
  bleeding	
  edge	
  R&D	
  teams	
  can	
  use	
  Kanban	
  and	
  someFmes	
  Scrum	
  
structure	
  with	
  addiFonal	
  Spikes	
  (Fme-­‐boxed	
  research)	
  
•  More	
  bleeding	
  edge	
  R&	
  D	
  teams	
  probably	
  only	
  use	
  Kanban	
  containing	
  
Spikes	
  with	
  a	
  very	
  small	
  input	
  queue/backlog	
  since	
  priority	
  will	
  oeen	
  
change	
  as	
  a	
  result	
  of	
  completed	
  research	
  
•  Standups	
  will	
  be	
  much	
  more	
  technical	
  in	
  these	
  teams	
  
•  Periodic	
  retrospecFves	
  promote	
  new	
  perspecFves	
  
•  Demos	
  may	
  be	
  less	
  regular,	
  but	
  important	
  to	
  keep	
  business	
  
stakeholders	
  engaged	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  10	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  a	
  Mismatch	
  for	
  Team	
  
Issue:	
  User	
  Stories	
  Missing	
  Clarity	
  
What:	
  
•  You	
  are	
  wriFng	
  User	
  Stories	
  to	
  avoid	
  requirements	
  bloat	
  
•  You	
  even	
  ask	
  the	
  customer	
  quesFons	
  as	
  you	
  go	
  
•  But	
  when	
  you	
  demo,	
  you	
  discover	
  you	
  are	
  way	
  off	
  the	
  mark	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
•  Incorrect	
  funcFonality,	
  	
  Fme	
  wasted	
  correcFng	
  
	
   	
   	
  	
  =>	
  	
  	
  WRONG	
  PRODUCT	
  and/or	
  LATE	
  PRODUCT	
  
Why:	
  
•  User	
  Stories	
  didn’t	
  provide	
  detail	
  to	
  implement	
  
unambiguously	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  11	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  User	
  Stories	
  Missing	
  Clarity	
  
User	
  Stories	
  didn’t	
  provide	
  enough	
  detail	
  to	
  implement:	
  
•  Cards	
  aren’t	
  enough:	
  Need	
  Jeffries	
  3	
  Cs*	
  
–  Card:	
  the	
  User	
  Story	
  itself	
  
–  ConversaFon:	
  talk,	
  repeat	
  what	
  the	
  customer	
  said	
  in	
  different	
  words,	
  
get	
  feedback,	
  ask	
  clarifying	
  quesFons	
  for	
  more	
  details,	
  challenge	
  
your	
  assumpFons	
  
–  ConfirmaFon:	
  automated	
  tests	
  
•  Automated	
  tests	
  demand	
  precision	
  
–  Given,	
  When,	
  Then	
  Cucumber	
  tests	
  are	
  very	
  good	
  for	
  high	
  level	
  
ATDD,	
  BDD	
  
–  If	
  possible	
  sit	
  down	
  with	
  customer	
  to	
  as	
  you	
  write	
  tests	
  
–  Show	
  the	
  Cucumber	
  tests	
  to	
  customer	
  
–  Get	
  test	
  data	
  input	
  and	
  expected	
  results	
  from	
  customer	
  
•  Run	
  the	
  tests	
  and	
  show	
  results	
  to	
  the	
  customer	
  
–  Customer	
  may	
  think	
  of	
  something	
  he	
  forgot	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  12	
  Ref:	
  Ron	
  Jeffries	
  3	
  Cs	
  of	
  User	
  Stories	
  
CollaboraFvely	
  (Spec	
  it/define	
  tests)	
  
•  SomeFmes	
  called	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
the	
  3	
  Amigos	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  
(test,	
  dev,	
  business)	
  
•  ConversaFon	
  based	
  
•  Focus	
  on	
  value	
  
•  Specific	
  examples	
  
•  Concrete	
  data	
  
•  Outside	
  in	
  (business	
  focus	
  
drives	
  development)	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  13	
  
Acceptance	
  Criteria	
  will	
  become	
  our	
  specs	
  	
  
when	
  they	
  have	
  details	
  	
  
Feature: Cash Withdrawal
In order to get money when the
bank is closed
As a bank customer
I want to withdraw cash at the ATM
• 	
  Successful	
  Withdrawal	
  
• 	
  	
  Less	
  than	
  balance	
  
• 	
  	
  Equal	
  to	
  balance	
  
• 	
  Withdrawal	
  Failed	
  Due	
  to	
  
Insufficient	
  Funds	
  
• 	
  Withdrawal	
  Failed	
  Because	
  
Cash	
  Dispenser	
  Doesn’t	
  
Dispense	
  One	
  Dollar	
  Bills	
  
• 	
  Withdrawal	
  Failed	
  Because	
  
Account	
  Closed	
  
First	
  Cut	
  Acceptance	
  Criteria	
  for	
  several	
  tests	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  14	
  
• 	
  Successful	
  Withdrawal	
  
(less	
  than	
  balance)	
  
Given my account has
starting balance of $1000
When I withdraw $200
Then $200 should be
dispensed
And the ending balance of
my account should be $800
Given,	
  When,	
  Then	
  format	
  –	
  	
  
Business	
  language	
  with	
  unambiguous	
  detail	
  	
  
Detailed	
  Acceptance	
  Criteria	
  
These	
  detailed	
  acceptance	
  criteria	
  are	
  
acceptance	
  tests	
  that	
  are	
  executable	
  specs	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  15	
  
Issue:	
  Scrum	
  PrioriFzaFon	
  Not	
  CreaFng	
  MPV	
  
What:	
  
•  You	
  product	
  owners	
  are	
  prioriFzing	
  your	
  backlog	
  1,	
  2,	
  3	
  …	
  
•  You	
  are	
  developing	
  stories	
  in	
  that	
  order	
  
•  But	
  needed	
  pieces	
  are	
  missing	
  for	
  a	
  Minimal	
  Viable	
  Product	
  
(MVP)	
  
•  And	
  some	
  completed	
  stories	
  aren't	
  needed	
  for	
  a	
  MVP	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
Not	
  delivering	
  Fmely	
  releasable	
  product	
  	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
   	
  
	
   	
   	
  =>	
  	
  IMPORTANT	
  FEATURES	
  NEGLECTED	
  while	
  
	
   	
   	
   	
  =>	
  	
  WASTING	
  	
  	
  TIME	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  and	
  	
  	
  	
  MONEY	
  	
  
Why:	
  
•  Stories	
  were	
  created	
  independent	
  of	
  one	
  another,	
  including	
  
unessenFal	
  features,	
  while	
  omipng	
  less	
  obvious	
  but	
  needed	
  ones	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  16	
  
Issue:	
  Scrum	
  PrioriFzaFon	
  Not	
  CreaFng	
  MPV	
  
Stories	
  were	
  created	
  independent	
  of	
  one	
  another:	
  
•  User	
  Story	
  Workshops	
  etc.	
  are	
  oeen	
  unstructured	
  	
  
–  Product	
  Owners	
  create	
  stories	
  off	
  the	
  top	
  of	
  their	
  heads	
  
–  Stories	
  produce	
  somewhat	
  randomly	
  
–  Big	
  picture	
  lost	
  
Releases,	
  if	
  thought	
  of,	
  are	
  too	
  large,	
  not	
  MVP:	
  
•  Triage	
  missing	
  or	
  applied	
  inconsistently	
  
–  Nice	
  to	
  have	
  features	
  slip	
  in	
  
Include	
  unessen0al	
  features:	
  
•  Triage	
  missing	
  or	
  applied	
  inconsistently	
  
–  Nice	
  to	
  have	
  features	
  slip	
  in	
  
–  Features	
  that	
  belong	
  in	
  subsequent	
  MVP	
  releases	
  slip	
  in	
  
Lack	
  of	
  MVP	
  structure	
  misses	
  less	
  obvious	
  but	
  needed	
  features	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  17	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  PrioriFzaFon	
  	
  
Not	
  CreaFng	
  MPV	
  
Create	
  Personas:	
  
•  Named	
  in	
  depth	
  profiles	
  
•  What	
  is	
  this	
  user	
  like?	
  -­‐	
  What	
  does	
  she	
  care	
  about?	
  
Hold	
  Story	
  Mapping	
  sessions:	
  
•  Keep	
  the	
  big	
  picture	
  
•  Tell	
  stories	
  instead	
  of	
  write	
  stories	
  
•  Elaborate	
  what	
  goes	
  into	
  a	
  releasable	
  feature,	
  step	
  by	
  step	
  
•  IdenFfy	
  missing	
  pieces	
  
–  Invisible,	
  but	
  essenFal	
  background	
  components	
  
–  CriFcal	
  external	
  systems	
  ,	
  Product	
  Owner	
  may	
  be	
  unaware	
  of	
  
•  Keep	
  MVP	
  as	
  small	
  as	
  possible	
  
–  Brutally	
  eliminate	
  stores	
  or	
  features	
  that	
  could	
  wait	
  for	
  next	
  MVP	
  as	
  
a	
  mini-­‐release	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  18	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  PrioriFzaFon	
  Not	
  CreaFng	
  MPV	
  
Story	
  Mapping	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  19	
  
System	
   System	
  
NarraFve	
  Flow	
  
Andy	
  
Admin	
  
Be[y	
  
Buyer	
  
Audrey	
  
Audit	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  PrioriFzaFon	
  Not	
  CreaFng	
  MPV	
  
Story	
  Mapping	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  20	
  
System	
   System	
  
NarraFve	
  Flow	
  
Andy	
  
Admin	
  
Be[y	
  
Buyer	
  
Audrey	
  
Audit	
  
MVP1	
  MVP2	
  
Issue:	
  RetrospecFves	
  Aren't	
  Helping	
  
What:	
  
•  Although	
  held	
  regularly	
  retrospecFves	
  aren't	
  effecFve	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
•  Team	
  is	
  wasFng	
  Fme	
  and	
  stagnaFng	
  instead	
  of	
  improving	
  
Why:	
  
•  Some	
  team	
  members	
  never	
  speak	
  up	
  in	
  the	
  retro	
  
•  Not	
  possible	
  for	
  team	
  to	
  implement	
  recommended	
  changes	
  
•  Lots	
  of	
  changes	
  come	
  out	
  of	
  the	
  retro,	
  which	
  aren't	
  implemented	
  
•  A	
  few	
  changes	
  come	
  out	
  of	
  the	
  retro,	
  which	
  aren't	
  implemented	
  
•  Recommended	
  changes	
  missing	
  underlying	
  problems	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  21	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  RetrospecFves	
  Aren't	
  Helping	
  
Some	
  team	
  members	
  never	
  speak	
  up	
  in	
  the	
  retro:	
  
•  Team	
  members	
  feel	
  inhibited	
  
–  Ensure	
  retro	
  is	
  held	
  in	
  completely	
  private	
  space	
  
–  Exclude	
  anyone	
  not	
  working	
  member	
  of	
  delivery	
  team	
  (no	
  managers	
  or	
  
observers)	
  
–  Establish	
  safety	
  ground	
  rules	
  (e.g.	
  all	
  discussions	
  stay	
  private)	
  
•  Extroverts	
  and	
  introverts	
  communicate	
  best	
  in	
  different	
  ways	
  
–  Write	
  down	
  retro	
  ideas	
  ahead	
  of	
  Fme	
  on	
  sFckies	
  
–  Take	
  a	
  few	
  minutes	
  at	
  beginning	
  of	
  retro	
  to	
  write	
  down	
  more	
  ideas	
  
–  Discuss	
  verbally	
  and	
  capture	
  more	
  ideas	
  on	
  sFckies	
  
–  Use	
  strong	
  facilitaFon	
  if	
  needed	
  to	
  prevent	
  extroverts	
  overpowering	
  
introverts	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  22	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  RetrospecFves	
  Aren't	
  Helping	
  
Not	
  possible	
  for	
  team	
  to	
  implement	
  recommended	
  changes:	
  
•  Retro	
  has	
  become	
  a	
  gripe	
  session	
  about	
  other	
  teams	
  
–  Acknowledge	
  teams'	
  unhappiness	
  (don't	
  pretend	
  it	
  doesn't	
  exist)	
  
–  Refocus	
  team	
  on	
  how	
  they	
  can	
  improve	
  themselves	
  
–  	
  	
  
•  Recommended	
  changes	
  have	
  external	
  dependencies	
  
–  If	
  improved	
  collaboraFon	
  and	
  cooperaFon	
  with	
  another	
  team	
  is	
  a	
  
legiFmate	
  concern,	
  focus	
  team	
  on	
  how	
  they	
  can	
  improve	
  their	
  side	
  
(providing	
  earlier	
  heads	
  up,	
  creaFng	
  a	
  liaison,	
  etc.)	
  
–  If	
  not,	
  refocus	
  team	
  on	
  how	
  they	
  can	
  improve	
  themselves	
  
Lots	
  of	
  recommenda0ons	
  which	
  aren't	
  implemented:	
  
•  Cluster	
  similar	
  recommendaFons	
  into	
  sFcky	
  groups	
  
•  Choose	
  one	
  sFcky	
  to	
  represent	
  the	
  group	
  
•  Use	
  dot	
  voFng	
  to	
  choose	
  or	
  or	
  at	
  most	
  two	
  recommendaFons	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  23	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  RetrospecFves	
  Aren't	
  Helping	
  
A	
  couple	
  recommenda0ons	
  but	
  none	
  implemented:	
  
•  Track	
  implementaFon	
  of	
  recommendaFon	
  on	
  a	
  sFcky	
  clearly	
  
viewable	
  in	
  team	
  room	
  
•  At	
  the	
  beginning	
  of	
  each	
  retro	
  ask	
  team	
  if	
  they	
  implemented	
  the	
  
recommendaFon	
  using	
  fist	
  of	
  5	
  
•  If	
  every	
  team	
  member	
  votes	
  a	
  3	
  or	
  above	
  mark	
  a	
  plus	
  on	
  the	
  sFcky	
  
•  Otherwise	
  mark	
  a	
  minus	
  
•  Aeer	
  four	
  pluses,	
  throw	
  away	
  the	
  sFcky	
  (Team's	
  internalized	
  it)	
  
•  Aeer	
  four	
  minuses,	
  throw	
  away	
  the	
  sFcky	
  (Team's	
  not	
  going	
  to	
  do	
  it)	
  
•  Aeer	
  four	
  Fmes	
  with	
  a	
  mix,	
  team	
  discusses	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  24	
  
Team pair programs
at least 2 hrs a day
++
MiFgaFon:	
  RetrospecFves	
  Aren't	
  Helping	
  
Recommended	
  changes	
  missing	
  underlying	
  problems:	
  
•  Stop	
  using	
  simplis0c	
  retro	
  techniques,	
  like	
  the	
  quesFons	
  below	
  
–  What	
  went	
  well	
  during	
  the	
  sprint	
  cycle?	
  
–  What	
  went	
  wrong	
  during	
  the	
  sprint	
  cycle?	
  
–  What	
  could	
  we	
  do	
  differently	
  to	
  improve?	
  	
  
•  Instead	
  go	
  much	
  deeper,	
  when	
  needed	
  
–  Provide	
  more	
  Fme	
  for	
  a	
  deeper	
  retro	
  
–  Hold	
  retros	
  that	
  cover	
  a	
  longer	
  period	
  of	
  Fme,	
  like	
  a	
  release	
  
–  Use	
  "Timeline"	
  to	
  gather	
  data	
  and	
  reveal	
  pa[ers	
  
–  Use	
  "5	
  whys"	
  to	
  dig	
  deeper	
  into	
  issues	
  
–  Use	
  "SMART"	
  goals	
  	
  
•  Specific	
  
•  Measurable	
  
•  A[ainable	
  
•  Relevant	
  
•  Time	
  Bound	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  25	
  
Issue:	
  No	
  Story	
  Burndown	
  Till	
  Last	
  Day	
  
What:	
  
•  Hour	
  burndowns	
  may	
  have	
  a	
  downward	
  slope	
  as	
  they	
  should	
  
•  But	
  stories	
  aren't	
  completed	
  unFl	
  end	
  of	
  Sprint	
  
•  End	
  of	
  Sprint	
  is	
  chaoFc	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
•  Some	
  stories	
  rollover	
  into	
  the	
  next	
  Sprint	
  
•  Completed	
  stories	
  have	
  lower	
  quality	
  
•  Team	
  feels	
  stressed	
  at	
  the	
  end	
  of	
  the	
  Sprint	
  
Why:	
  
•  Stories	
  are	
  too	
  big	
  
•  Team	
  members	
  are	
  task	
  switching	
  
•  Team	
  members	
  are	
  focusing	
  on	
  starFng	
  work	
  instead	
  of	
  compleFng	
  work	
  
•  Team	
  members	
  aren't	
  helping	
  each	
  other	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  26	
  
0	
  
2	
  
4	
  
6	
  
8	
  
10	
  
12	
  
1	
   2	
   3	
   4	
   5	
   6	
   7	
   8	
   9	
   10	
  
Stories	
  	
  
Sprint	
  Day	
  
Hockey	
  S0ck	
  Burndown	
  
To	
  Do	
   Done	
  
Why	
  is	
  so	
  li[le	
  gepng	
  done?	
  
Too	
  many	
  stories	
  in	
  flight!	
  	
  Task	
  switching	
  !	
  	
  Handoffs!	
  	
  No	
  cooperaFon!	
  	
  
Jim	
  
Mary	
  
Mark	
  
Paul	
  
Jim	
  
Ken	
  
Sue	
  
Sue	
  
Ken	
  
Ken	
  
Paul	
  
Mark	
  
Sue	
  
Mark	
  
Sue	
  
Scrum doesn’t have WIP Limits. Without WIP Limits Scrum can be dysfunctional. Consider adding WIP Limits to Scrum.
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  27	
  
Doing	
  
FLOW	
  
Mary	
  
Mary	
  
Switching	
  between	
  three	
  one	
  week	
  tasks	
  means	
  	
  
none	
  	
  of	
  them	
  get	
  done	
  in	
  three	
  weeks.	
  
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
Task A
Task B
Task C
Dev	
  
completes	
  
task	
  before	
  
starFng	
  next	
  
one	
  
Dev	
  switches	
  
between	
  tasks	
  
Ref:	
  Mary	
  and	
  Tom	
  Poppendieck	
  on	
  Lean	
  cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  28	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  No	
  Story	
  Burndown	
  Till	
  Last	
  Day	
  
Stories	
  are	
  too	
  big:	
  
•  Size	
  stories	
  to	
  finish	
  in	
  1/3	
  or	
  less	
  of	
  the	
  Sprint	
  length	
  
Task	
  switching:	
  
•  Set	
  strict	
  Work	
  in	
  Progress	
  Limits	
  to	
  prevent	
  task	
  switching	
  
–  Recommended	
  Max	
  WIP	
  limit	
  	
  =	
  Team	
  Size	
  /	
  #	
  Team	
  Members	
  per	
  Story	
  
Not	
  Focused	
  on	
  Finishing:	
  
•  Sign	
  up	
  for	
  fewer	
  stories	
  (can	
  always	
  add	
  one	
  if	
  others	
  finish	
  early)	
  
•  No	
  team	
  member	
  starts	
  new	
  story,	
  if	
  other's	
  stories	
  not	
  finished	
  
(help	
  others	
  finish	
  instead)	
  
•  Use	
  project	
  board	
  to	
  show	
  story	
  progress	
  and	
  talk	
  about	
  stories	
  
closest	
  to	
  done	
  in	
  standup,	
  before	
  talking	
  about	
  other	
  stories	
  
Not	
  Helping	
  Each	
  Other:	
  
•  InsFtute	
  Pair	
  Programming	
  
•  Use	
  Mob	
  Programming	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  29	
  
To	
  Do	
   Done	
  
Jim	
  
Mark	
   Paul	
  
Sue	
   Ken	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  30	
  
WIP	
  Limit	
  =	
  3	
  
Doing	
  
FLOW	
  
Mary	
  
Story	
  Board	
  with	
  WIP	
  Limits	
  
Issue:	
  Scrum	
  Provides	
  No	
  Technical	
  PracFces	
  
What:	
  
•  Scrum	
  is	
  used	
  extensively	
  for	
  soeware	
  development	
  
•  Scrum	
  provides	
  only	
  guidance	
  for	
  management	
  and	
  organizaFon	
  of	
  
soeware	
  development	
  teams	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
•  Only	
  using	
  Scrum	
  pracFces	
  may	
  build	
  the	
  right	
  product,	
  but	
  its	
  built	
  
the	
  wrong	
  way	
  	
  	
  	
  =>	
  	
  SW	
  IS	
  HARD	
  TO	
  TEST	
  	
  	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  =>	
  	
  SW	
  IS	
  HARD	
  TO	
  MODIFY	
  
	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  =>	
  	
  SW	
  IS	
  BUGGY	
  
	
   	
   	
   	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  =>	
  	
  COSTS	
  EXTRA	
  TIME	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  and	
  	
  	
  	
  MONEY	
  
Why:	
  
•  Scrum	
  is	
  missing	
  guidance	
  to	
  build	
  working,	
  tested,	
  maintainable	
  
soeware	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  31	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  Provides	
  No	
  Technical	
  PracFces	
  
Scrum	
  is	
  missing	
  guidance	
  to	
  build	
  working,	
  tested,	
  maintainable	
  
soeware:	
  
•  Add	
  Extreme	
  Programming	
  pracFces	
  to	
  Scrum	
  
–  Acceptance	
  Tests	
  –	
  see	
  "User	
  Stories	
  Missing	
  Clarity"	
  MiFgaFon	
  
–  Test	
  Driven	
  Development	
  improves	
  code	
  design,	
  reduces	
  bugs	
  and	
  
eliminates	
  gold	
  plaFng	
  
–  Refactoring	
  and	
  design	
  improvement	
  ensures	
  maintainability	
  and	
  speeds	
  
addiFon	
  of	
  new	
  features	
  
–  Pair	
  Programming	
  provides	
  conFnuous	
  inspecFon,	
  cross	
  training	
  and	
  
distributed	
  knowledge	
  of	
  codebase	
  
–  Con0nuous	
  Integra0on	
  produces	
  solid	
  builds	
  and	
  ensures	
  team	
  is	
  all	
  
working	
  on	
  the	
  same	
  version	
  of	
  the	
  soeware	
  	
  
–  Etc.	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  32	
  http://www.extremeprogramming.org/	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  Provides	
  No	
  Technical	
  PracFces	
  
Scrum	
  is	
  missing	
  guidance	
  to	
  build	
  working,	
  tested,	
  maintainable	
  
Soeware	
  (con0nued):	
  
•  Incorporate	
  Con0nuous	
  Delivery	
  
–  Modern	
  Dev	
  Ops	
  movement	
  goal	
  	
  
•  Always	
  be	
  ready	
  to	
  release	
  
•  Every	
  change	
  could	
  be	
  deployed	
  if	
  desired	
  
–  Ferrets	
  outs	
  problems	
  in	
  development	
  and	
  release	
  processes	
  and	
  systems	
  
–  Follow	
  on	
  to	
  ConFnuous	
  IntegraFons	
  with	
  automaFc	
  staging	
  and	
  tesFng	
  of	
  
security,	
  performance,	
  etc.	
  
–  Reliant	
  on	
  pracFces	
  like	
  Extreme	
  Programming	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  33	
  
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_delivery/	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  Provides	
  No	
  Technical	
  PracFces	
  
Scrum	
  is	
  missing	
  guidance	
  to	
  build	
  working,	
  tested,	
  maintainable	
  
Soeware	
  (con0nued):	
  
•  PracFce,	
  pracFce,	
  pracFce	
  
–  Like	
  learning	
  to	
  play	
  an	
  instrument	
  learning	
  new	
  ways	
  of	
  development	
  
requires	
  lots	
  of	
  pracFce	
  and	
  reinforcement	
  
–  Becoming	
  proficient	
  in	
  Test	
  Driven	
  Development,	
  Refactoring,	
  etc.	
  requires	
  
more	
  Fme	
  and	
  effort	
  than	
  learning	
  Scrum	
  –	
  be	
  paFent	
  
–  Provide	
  technical	
  training	
  to	
  help	
  developers	
  get	
  started	
  
–  PracFce	
  Pair	
  Programming	
  	
  
•  Having	
  a	
  buddy	
  to	
  work	
  with	
  reinforces	
  TDD,	
  Refactoring	
  and	
  CI	
  
•  Without	
  a	
  partner	
  its	
  too	
  easy	
  to	
  fall	
  back	
  onto	
  old	
  habits	
  
–  PracFce	
  Mob	
  Programming	
  
–  Run	
  Code	
  Katas	
  to	
  pracFce	
  Test	
  Driven	
  Development	
  and	
  refactoring	
  
–  A[end	
  Code	
  Retreats	
  
–  Get	
  the	
  team	
  technical	
  coaching	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  34	
  
globalday.coderetreat.org	
  http://coderetreat.org/	
  
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p_pvslS4gEI	
  
Issue:	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrum	
  Isn't	
  EffecFve	
  
What:	
  
•  The	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  worked	
  alright	
  with	
  four	
  teams	
  
•  But	
  when	
  more	
  teams	
  were	
  added,	
  problems	
  slipped	
  through	
  the	
  cracks	
  
Impact:	
  	
  
•  Unneeded	
  working	
  is	
  being	
  done	
  
•  Needed	
  work	
  is	
  not	
  being	
  done	
  
•  Delivery	
  teams	
  find	
  themselves	
  blocked	
  by	
  other	
  teams	
  or	
  external	
  factors	
  
Why:	
  
•  Complex	
  technical	
  architecture	
  with	
  lots	
  of	
  different	
  languages	
  and	
  3rd	
  party	
  
soeware	
  
•  Technical	
  teams	
  are	
  siloed	
  and	
  over	
  specialized	
  
•  There	
  are	
  lots	
  inter-­‐team	
  dependencies	
  
•  Many	
  inter-­‐team	
  dependencies	
  are	
  not	
  obvious	
  
•  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  doesn't	
  scale	
  well	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  35	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrum	
  Isn't	
  EffecFve	
  
Complex	
  technical	
  architecture	
  with	
  lots	
  of	
  different	
  languages	
  
and	
  3rd	
  party	
  soeware:	
  
•  Simplify	
  the	
  architecture	
  to	
  reduce	
  dependencies	
  and	
  complexity	
  
•  Simply	
  the	
  architecture	
  step	
  by	
  step,	
  not	
  all	
  at	
  once	
  
•  Architecture	
  simplificaFon	
  can	
  takes	
  years	
  
Technical	
  teams	
  are	
  siloed	
  and	
  over	
  specialized:	
  
There	
  are	
  lots	
  inter-­‐team	
  dependencies:	
  
Many	
  inter-­‐team	
  dependencies	
  are	
  not	
  obvious:	
  
•  Create	
  cross-­‐funcFonal	
  teams	
  –	
  see	
  "Scrum	
  Team	
  Missing	
  Key	
  
People"	
  
•  Cross	
  train	
  team	
  members	
  –	
  pairing	
  really	
  helps	
  
•  Proac0vely	
  look	
  for	
  dependencies	
  and	
  impediments;	
  don't	
  assume	
  
team	
  members	
  will	
  always	
  know	
  about	
  their	
  dependencies	
  on	
  non-­‐
team	
  soeware,	
  architecture	
  or	
  schedules	
  	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  36	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrum	
  Isn't	
  EffecFve?	
  
Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  doesn't	
  scale	
  well:	
  
•  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrum	
  works	
  pre[y	
  well	
  with	
  four	
  teams	
  
–  Even	
  with	
  four	
  teams,	
  it	
  helps	
  if	
  members	
  of	
  those	
  teams	
  interact	
  with	
  
each	
  other	
  regularly	
  outside	
  of	
  the	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  
•  The	
  the	
  more	
  teams	
  in	
  a	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums,	
  the	
  less	
  well	
  it	
  works,	
  so	
  
the	
  first	
  step	
  is	
  to	
  reduce	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  teams	
  
–  Ensure	
  that	
  all	
  teams	
  are	
  working	
  to	
  build	
  the	
  same	
  product	
  
•  If	
  not	
  remove	
  those	
  teams	
  from	
  the	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  (they	
  are	
  just	
  adding	
  
noise	
  to	
  the	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums)	
  
•  The	
  removed	
  teams	
  may	
  belong	
  in	
  another	
  product's	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  
–  CreaFng	
  true	
  cross-­‐funcFonal	
  teams	
  and	
  cross	
  training	
  will	
  reduce	
  the	
  
number	
  of	
  teams	
  needed	
  
–  Simplifying	
  the	
  technical	
  architecture	
  will	
  reduce	
  the	
  variety	
  of	
  skills	
  
needed	
  and	
  so	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  teams	
  needed	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  37	
  
MiFgaFon:	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrum	
  Isn't	
  EffecFve?	
  
Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  doesn't	
  scale	
  well	
  (con0nued):	
  
•  If	
  aeer	
  applying	
  all	
  the	
  bullets	
  on	
  reducing	
  the	
  number	
  of	
  teams	
  and	
  
there	
  are	
  sFll	
  more	
  than	
  four	
  or	
  five	
  teams	
  or	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  isn't	
  
effecFve	
  even	
  with	
  a	
  few	
  teams,	
  replace	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  
–  Use	
  Kanban	
  instead	
  of	
  Scrum	
  of	
  Scrums	
  
–  Focus	
  on	
  the	
  product's	
  need	
  for	
  inter-­‐team	
  planning	
  and	
  coordinaFon	
  
not	
  "what	
  did	
  your	
  team	
  do	
  yesterday?"	
  
–  Focus	
  on	
  longer	
  term	
  issues	
  across	
  Sprints	
  
–  Assign	
  a	
  very	
  technical	
  agile	
  manger/facilitator	
  who	
  proac0vely	
  looks	
  for	
  
dependencies,	
  impediments	
  and	
  product	
  wide	
  issues	
  
–  Create	
  a	
  backlog	
  for	
  this	
  2nd	
  Fer	
  Kanban	
  containing	
  work	
  items	
  needed	
  
for	
  the	
  product	
  itself	
  and	
  the	
  product	
  teams	
  
–  Scale	
  across	
  the	
  organizaFon	
  and	
  mulFple	
  products	
  with	
  a	
  3rd	
  Fer	
  Kanban	
  
with	
  an	
  organizaFonal	
  backlog	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  38	
  
Don’t	
  Go	
  It	
  Alone	
  
Become	
  ac0ve	
  in	
  local	
  user	
  groups	
  (find	
  on	
  Meetup.com):	
  
•  Agile,	
  Scrum	
  and	
  Kanban	
  Groups	
  
•  Soeware	
  Craesmanship	
  Groups	
  (Code	
  Kata	
  groups	
  and	
  Code	
  Retreats)	
  
•  Technology	
  Specific	
  Groups	
  (languages,	
  pla}orms,	
  DevOps,	
  etc.)	
  
Read	
  about	
  several	
  agile	
  prac0ces:	
  
•  Lean	
  &	
  Kanban	
  
•  Scrum	
  
•  eXtreme	
  Programming	
  
A5end	
  conferences	
  and	
  training	
  
Bring	
  in	
  consultants,	
  where	
  appropriate	
  
Share	
  your	
  knowledge	
  and	
  experience	
  	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  39	
  
Camille	
  Bell	
  
Agile	
  Coaching	
  &	
  ConsulFng	
  
RetrospecFves	
  
Agile	
  Boot	
  Camps	
  	
  
Agile	
  Training	
  
Updated	
  Slides	
  
or	
  just	
  to	
  chat	
  about	
  things	
  agile	
  
cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com	
  

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What They Didn't Tell You in CSM Clas

  • 1. What  They  Didn't  Tell  You     in  CSM  Class   Camille  Bell   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com   Twi5er  @agilecamille   Agile  DC  2016                                                                                                                                                                                        October  24,  2016  
  • 2. Issue:  Scrum  Team  Missing  Key  People   What:   •  Delivery  team  does  not  include  UX  designer,  DBA,  DevOps,  etc.   –  Company/OrganizaFon  silos  key  skills  into  separate  teams   –  Handoffs  to  outside  overworked  teams   Impact:     •  Development  team  not  cross-­‐funcFonal    =>    DELAYS/LATE   PRODUCT/   Why:   •  Company  doesn't  really  understand  or  implement  Scrum   •  Company  trying  to  opFmize  locally  instead  of  globally   •  Company  can't  hire  enough  UX,  DBA,  Ops  folks   •  Company  won't  delegate  responsibiliFes  to  delivery  team     cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2  
  • 3. Company  doesn't  really  understand  or  implement  Scrum:   •  Educate  upper  management  on  the  value  of  cross-­‐funcFonal  teams   Company  trying  to  op0mize  locally  instead  of  globally:   •  Educate  upper  management  on  Lean  principles   •  Conduct  Value  Stream  Map  to  quanFfy  cost  of  handoffs   Company  can't  hire  enough  UX,  DBA,  Ops  folks:     •  Stop  building  non-­‐essenFal  low  payoff  products   •  Reduce  manual  load  on  DBA,  Testers,  Ops  with  automaFon   •  Imbed  key  people  (at  least  part  Fme)  into  Development  Team   •  Cross-­‐train  members  of  Development  Team  in  key  skills   Company  won't  delegate  responsibili0es  to  delivery  team:   •  Demonstrate  improved  repeatability,  Fme  to  market  and  governance   and  reduced  risk  from  automaFon  and  cross-­‐funcFonality   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      3   MiFgaFon:  Scrum  Team  Missing  Key  People  
  • 4. Issue:  Scrum  a  Mismatch  for  Team   What:   •  Scrum  expects  delivery  teams  to  have  work  with  a  predictable,   backlog  that  can  be  well  esFmated  and  can  be  completed  within   a  sprint   Impact:     •  Most  delivery  teams  slowly  become  be[er  at  esFmaFng  and   working  within  a  sprint   •  But  a  few  teams  never  do   Why:   •  Scrum  is  designed  for  teams  that  deliver  new  features   •  Some  teams  have  a  different  cadence   •  Some  teams  cannot  effecFvely  esFmate  their  work  beforehand   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4  
  • 5. Recognize  that  Scrum  wasn't  designed  for  some  types  of  work   •  Examples  include:     –  Maintenance  Teams     –  System  Engineering  Teams   –  Network  Engineering  Teams   –  Dedicated  Research  and  Development  Teams   Maintenance  /  Bug  Fix  Teams  Can't  Es0mate  work:   •  ~  90  %  of  the  Fme  required  to  fix  legacy  or  complex  bugs  is  spent   researching  and  understanding  the  bug   •  UnFl  a  bug  is  understood,  it  can't  be  esFmated   •  Use  Kanban  instead  of  Scrum  for  planning  and  tracking  progress   •  Daily  standups  and  regular  retrospecFves  are  sFll  useful   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5   MiFgaFon:  Scrum  a  Mismatch  for  Team  
  • 6. Delivery  Teams  That  Also  Fix  Pre-­‐exis0ng  Bugs:     •  EsFmaFng  bugs  is  a  waste  of  Fme   •  Instead  dedicate  a  percentage  of  the  team's  capacity  to  bug   fixes   –  Only  applies  to  pre-­‐exisFng  bugs   –  Fixing  new  feature  bugs  is  part  of  regular  new  feature  work   •  Delete  that  capacity  from  the  total  capacity  when  planning  new   feature  work   •  Plan  and  track  bug  fixes  in  a  dedicated  Scrumban  Swim  Lane,   creaFng  two  input  queues,  one  the  standard  new  feature   backlog  and  a  second  of  bug  fixes   •  Use  first-­‐in  first  out,  Naked  Planning,  etc.  to  prioriFze  work   items  in  the  maintenance  input  queue   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6   MiFgaFon:  Scrum  a  Mismatch  for  Team  
  • 7.                      Kanban  Board  with  Swim  Lanes   (2  feature  sets,  1  bug  fix)   Features     Maintenance  &   Improvement   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  7  
  • 8. System  Engineering  and  Networking  Teams:     •  These  teams  support  other  teams,  so  other  delivery  teams  are   effecFvely  their  Product  Owners,  but  since  they  support  mulFple   teams  they  have  compeFng  prioriFes     •  Also  while  some  work  can  be  anFcipated,  much  of  their  work  is  and   should  be  ad-­‐hoc   •  EsFmaFon  is  less  of  an  issue  (e.g.  standing  up  a  new  server  or  creaFng   a  network  alias  takes  a  predictable  amount  of  Fme)   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  8   MiFgaFon:  Scrum  a  Mismatch  for  Team  
  • 9. OpFon  1:      System  Engineering  and  Networking  Teams                                                      incorporated  into  delivery  teams   –  Creates  a  truly  cross-­‐funcFonal  team   –  Requires  restructuring  your  organizaFon   –  System  Engineering  and  Networking  tasks  become  part  of  user   stories  and  are  planned,  esFmated  and  tracked  accordingly   OpFon  2:      System  Engineering  and  Networking  Teams  remain      separate  teams   –  Use  Kanban  instead  of  Scrum  for  planning  and  tracking   progress   –  Use  first-­‐in  first  out,  Naked  Planning,  etc.  to  prioriFze  work   items  in  the  input  queue   –  Daily  standups  and  regular  retrospecFves  are  sFll  useful   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  9   MiFgaFon:  Scrum  a  Mismatch  for  Team  
  • 10. Research  and  Development  Teams:     •  These  teams  by  their  nature  are  oeen  ad-­‐hoc  and  exploratory   •  But  some  discipline  is  helpful  to  provide  technical  focus,  avoid  lengthy   excursions  down  rat  holes  and  provide  business  value   •  Less  bleeding  edge  R&D  teams  can  use  Kanban  and  someFmes  Scrum   structure  with  addiFonal  Spikes  (Fme-­‐boxed  research)   •  More  bleeding  edge  R&  D  teams  probably  only  use  Kanban  containing   Spikes  with  a  very  small  input  queue/backlog  since  priority  will  oeen   change  as  a  result  of  completed  research   •  Standups  will  be  much  more  technical  in  these  teams   •  Periodic  retrospecFves  promote  new  perspecFves   •  Demos  may  be  less  regular,  but  important  to  keep  business   stakeholders  engaged   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  10   MiFgaFon:  Scrum  a  Mismatch  for  Team  
  • 11. Issue:  User  Stories  Missing  Clarity   What:   •  You  are  wriFng  User  Stories  to  avoid  requirements  bloat   •  You  even  ask  the  customer  quesFons  as  you  go   •  But  when  you  demo,  you  discover  you  are  way  off  the  mark   Impact:     •  Incorrect  funcFonality,    Fme  wasted  correcFng          =>      WRONG  PRODUCT  and/or  LATE  PRODUCT   Why:   •  User  Stories  didn’t  provide  detail  to  implement   unambiguously   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  11  
  • 12. MiFgaFon:  User  Stories  Missing  Clarity   User  Stories  didn’t  provide  enough  detail  to  implement:   •  Cards  aren’t  enough:  Need  Jeffries  3  Cs*   –  Card:  the  User  Story  itself   –  ConversaFon:  talk,  repeat  what  the  customer  said  in  different  words,   get  feedback,  ask  clarifying  quesFons  for  more  details,  challenge   your  assumpFons   –  ConfirmaFon:  automated  tests   •  Automated  tests  demand  precision   –  Given,  When,  Then  Cucumber  tests  are  very  good  for  high  level   ATDD,  BDD   –  If  possible  sit  down  with  customer  to  as  you  write  tests   –  Show  the  Cucumber  tests  to  customer   –  Get  test  data  input  and  expected  results  from  customer   •  Run  the  tests  and  show  results  to  the  customer   –  Customer  may  think  of  something  he  forgot   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  12  Ref:  Ron  Jeffries  3  Cs  of  User  Stories  
  • 13. CollaboraFvely  (Spec  it/define  tests)   •  SomeFmes  called                                 the  3  Amigos                                           (test,  dev,  business)   •  ConversaFon  based   •  Focus  on  value   •  Specific  examples   •  Concrete  data   •  Outside  in  (business  focus   drives  development)   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  13  
  • 14. Acceptance  Criteria  will  become  our  specs     when  they  have  details     Feature: Cash Withdrawal In order to get money when the bank is closed As a bank customer I want to withdraw cash at the ATM •   Successful  Withdrawal   •     Less  than  balance   •     Equal  to  balance   •   Withdrawal  Failed  Due  to   Insufficient  Funds   •   Withdrawal  Failed  Because   Cash  Dispenser  Doesn’t   Dispense  One  Dollar  Bills   •   Withdrawal  Failed  Because   Account  Closed   First  Cut  Acceptance  Criteria  for  several  tests   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  14  
  • 15. •   Successful  Withdrawal   (less  than  balance)   Given my account has starting balance of $1000 When I withdraw $200 Then $200 should be dispensed And the ending balance of my account should be $800 Given,  When,  Then  format  –     Business  language  with  unambiguous  detail     Detailed  Acceptance  Criteria   These  detailed  acceptance  criteria  are   acceptance  tests  that  are  executable  specs   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  15  
  • 16. Issue:  Scrum  PrioriFzaFon  Not  CreaFng  MPV   What:   •  You  product  owners  are  prioriFzing  your  backlog  1,  2,  3  …   •  You  are  developing  stories  in  that  order   •  But  needed  pieces  are  missing  for  a  Minimal  Viable  Product   (MVP)   •  And  some  completed  stories  aren't  needed  for  a  MVP   Impact:     Not  delivering  Fmely  releasable  product                        =>    IMPORTANT  FEATURES  NEGLECTED  while          =>    WASTING      TIME                              and        MONEY     Why:   •  Stories  were  created  independent  of  one  another,  including   unessenFal  features,  while  omipng  less  obvious  but  needed  ones   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  16  
  • 17. Issue:  Scrum  PrioriFzaFon  Not  CreaFng  MPV   Stories  were  created  independent  of  one  another:   •  User  Story  Workshops  etc.  are  oeen  unstructured     –  Product  Owners  create  stories  off  the  top  of  their  heads   –  Stories  produce  somewhat  randomly   –  Big  picture  lost   Releases,  if  thought  of,  are  too  large,  not  MVP:   •  Triage  missing  or  applied  inconsistently   –  Nice  to  have  features  slip  in   Include  unessen0al  features:   •  Triage  missing  or  applied  inconsistently   –  Nice  to  have  features  slip  in   –  Features  that  belong  in  subsequent  MVP  releases  slip  in   Lack  of  MVP  structure  misses  less  obvious  but  needed  features   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  17  
  • 18. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  PrioriFzaFon     Not  CreaFng  MPV   Create  Personas:   •  Named  in  depth  profiles   •  What  is  this  user  like?  -­‐  What  does  she  care  about?   Hold  Story  Mapping  sessions:   •  Keep  the  big  picture   •  Tell  stories  instead  of  write  stories   •  Elaborate  what  goes  into  a  releasable  feature,  step  by  step   •  IdenFfy  missing  pieces   –  Invisible,  but  essenFal  background  components   –  CriFcal  external  systems  ,  Product  Owner  may  be  unaware  of   •  Keep  MVP  as  small  as  possible   –  Brutally  eliminate  stores  or  features  that  could  wait  for  next  MVP  as   a  mini-­‐release   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  18  
  • 19. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  PrioriFzaFon  Not  CreaFng  MPV   Story  Mapping   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  19   System   System   NarraFve  Flow   Andy   Admin   Be[y   Buyer   Audrey   Audit  
  • 20. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  PrioriFzaFon  Not  CreaFng  MPV   Story  Mapping   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  20   System   System   NarraFve  Flow   Andy   Admin   Be[y   Buyer   Audrey   Audit   MVP1  MVP2  
  • 21. Issue:  RetrospecFves  Aren't  Helping   What:   •  Although  held  regularly  retrospecFves  aren't  effecFve   Impact:     •  Team  is  wasFng  Fme  and  stagnaFng  instead  of  improving   Why:   •  Some  team  members  never  speak  up  in  the  retro   •  Not  possible  for  team  to  implement  recommended  changes   •  Lots  of  changes  come  out  of  the  retro,  which  aren't  implemented   •  A  few  changes  come  out  of  the  retro,  which  aren't  implemented   •  Recommended  changes  missing  underlying  problems   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  21  
  • 22. MiFgaFon:  RetrospecFves  Aren't  Helping   Some  team  members  never  speak  up  in  the  retro:   •  Team  members  feel  inhibited   –  Ensure  retro  is  held  in  completely  private  space   –  Exclude  anyone  not  working  member  of  delivery  team  (no  managers  or   observers)   –  Establish  safety  ground  rules  (e.g.  all  discussions  stay  private)   •  Extroverts  and  introverts  communicate  best  in  different  ways   –  Write  down  retro  ideas  ahead  of  Fme  on  sFckies   –  Take  a  few  minutes  at  beginning  of  retro  to  write  down  more  ideas   –  Discuss  verbally  and  capture  more  ideas  on  sFckies   –  Use  strong  facilitaFon  if  needed  to  prevent  extroverts  overpowering   introverts   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  22  
  • 23. MiFgaFon:  RetrospecFves  Aren't  Helping   Not  possible  for  team  to  implement  recommended  changes:   •  Retro  has  become  a  gripe  session  about  other  teams   –  Acknowledge  teams'  unhappiness  (don't  pretend  it  doesn't  exist)   –  Refocus  team  on  how  they  can  improve  themselves   –      •  Recommended  changes  have  external  dependencies   –  If  improved  collaboraFon  and  cooperaFon  with  another  team  is  a   legiFmate  concern,  focus  team  on  how  they  can  improve  their  side   (providing  earlier  heads  up,  creaFng  a  liaison,  etc.)   –  If  not,  refocus  team  on  how  they  can  improve  themselves   Lots  of  recommenda0ons  which  aren't  implemented:   •  Cluster  similar  recommendaFons  into  sFcky  groups   •  Choose  one  sFcky  to  represent  the  group   •  Use  dot  voFng  to  choose  or  or  at  most  two  recommendaFons   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  23  
  • 24. MiFgaFon:  RetrospecFves  Aren't  Helping   A  couple  recommenda0ons  but  none  implemented:   •  Track  implementaFon  of  recommendaFon  on  a  sFcky  clearly   viewable  in  team  room   •  At  the  beginning  of  each  retro  ask  team  if  they  implemented  the   recommendaFon  using  fist  of  5   •  If  every  team  member  votes  a  3  or  above  mark  a  plus  on  the  sFcky   •  Otherwise  mark  a  minus   •  Aeer  four  pluses,  throw  away  the  sFcky  (Team's  internalized  it)   •  Aeer  four  minuses,  throw  away  the  sFcky  (Team's  not  going  to  do  it)   •  Aeer  four  Fmes  with  a  mix,  team  discusses   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  24   Team pair programs at least 2 hrs a day ++
  • 25. MiFgaFon:  RetrospecFves  Aren't  Helping   Recommended  changes  missing  underlying  problems:   •  Stop  using  simplis0c  retro  techniques,  like  the  quesFons  below   –  What  went  well  during  the  sprint  cycle?   –  What  went  wrong  during  the  sprint  cycle?   –  What  could  we  do  differently  to  improve?     •  Instead  go  much  deeper,  when  needed   –  Provide  more  Fme  for  a  deeper  retro   –  Hold  retros  that  cover  a  longer  period  of  Fme,  like  a  release   –  Use  "Timeline"  to  gather  data  and  reveal  pa[ers   –  Use  "5  whys"  to  dig  deeper  into  issues   –  Use  "SMART"  goals     •  Specific   •  Measurable   •  A[ainable   •  Relevant   •  Time  Bound   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  25  
  • 26. Issue:  No  Story  Burndown  Till  Last  Day   What:   •  Hour  burndowns  may  have  a  downward  slope  as  they  should   •  But  stories  aren't  completed  unFl  end  of  Sprint   •  End  of  Sprint  is  chaoFc   Impact:     •  Some  stories  rollover  into  the  next  Sprint   •  Completed  stories  have  lower  quality   •  Team  feels  stressed  at  the  end  of  the  Sprint   Why:   •  Stories  are  too  big   •  Team  members  are  task  switching   •  Team  members  are  focusing  on  starFng  work  instead  of  compleFng  work   •  Team  members  aren't  helping  each  other   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  26   0   2   4   6   8   10   12   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   Stories     Sprint  Day   Hockey  S0ck  Burndown  
  • 27. To  Do   Done   Why  is  so  li[le  gepng  done?   Too  many  stories  in  flight!    Task  switching  !    Handoffs!    No  cooperaFon!     Jim   Mary   Mark   Paul   Jim   Ken   Sue   Sue   Ken   Ken   Paul   Mark   Sue   Mark   Sue   Scrum doesn’t have WIP Limits. Without WIP Limits Scrum can be dysfunctional. Consider adding WIP Limits to Scrum. cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  27   Doing   FLOW   Mary   Mary  
  • 28. Switching  between  three  one  week  tasks  means     none    of  them  get  done  in  three  weeks.   Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Task A Task B Task C Dev   completes   task  before   starFng  next   one   Dev  switches   between  tasks   Ref:  Mary  and  Tom  Poppendieck  on  Lean  cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  28  
  • 29. MiFgaFon:  No  Story  Burndown  Till  Last  Day   Stories  are  too  big:   •  Size  stories  to  finish  in  1/3  or  less  of  the  Sprint  length   Task  switching:   •  Set  strict  Work  in  Progress  Limits  to  prevent  task  switching   –  Recommended  Max  WIP  limit    =  Team  Size  /  #  Team  Members  per  Story   Not  Focused  on  Finishing:   •  Sign  up  for  fewer  stories  (can  always  add  one  if  others  finish  early)   •  No  team  member  starts  new  story,  if  other's  stories  not  finished   (help  others  finish  instead)   •  Use  project  board  to  show  story  progress  and  talk  about  stories   closest  to  done  in  standup,  before  talking  about  other  stories   Not  Helping  Each  Other:   •  InsFtute  Pair  Programming   •  Use  Mob  Programming   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  29  
  • 30. To  Do   Done   Jim   Mark   Paul   Sue   Ken   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  30   WIP  Limit  =  3   Doing   FLOW   Mary   Story  Board  with  WIP  Limits  
  • 31. Issue:  Scrum  Provides  No  Technical  PracFces   What:   •  Scrum  is  used  extensively  for  soeware  development   •  Scrum  provides  only  guidance  for  management  and  organizaFon  of   soeware  development  teams   Impact:     •  Only  using  Scrum  pracFces  may  build  the  right  product,  but  its  built   the  wrong  way        =>    SW  IS  HARD  TO  TEST                                                                                    =>    SW  IS  HARD  TO  MODIFY                                                                                =>    SW  IS  BUGGY                              =>    COSTS  EXTRA  TIME                              and        MONEY   Why:   •  Scrum  is  missing  guidance  to  build  working,  tested,  maintainable   soeware   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  31  
  • 32. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  Provides  No  Technical  PracFces   Scrum  is  missing  guidance  to  build  working,  tested,  maintainable   soeware:   •  Add  Extreme  Programming  pracFces  to  Scrum   –  Acceptance  Tests  –  see  "User  Stories  Missing  Clarity"  MiFgaFon   –  Test  Driven  Development  improves  code  design,  reduces  bugs  and   eliminates  gold  plaFng   –  Refactoring  and  design  improvement  ensures  maintainability  and  speeds   addiFon  of  new  features   –  Pair  Programming  provides  conFnuous  inspecFon,  cross  training  and   distributed  knowledge  of  codebase   –  Con0nuous  Integra0on  produces  solid  builds  and  ensures  team  is  all   working  on  the  same  version  of  the  soeware     –  Etc.   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  32  http://www.extremeprogramming.org/  
  • 33. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  Provides  No  Technical  PracFces   Scrum  is  missing  guidance  to  build  working,  tested,  maintainable   Soeware  (con0nued):   •  Incorporate  Con0nuous  Delivery   –  Modern  Dev  Ops  movement  goal     •  Always  be  ready  to  release   •  Every  change  could  be  deployed  if  desired   –  Ferrets  outs  problems  in  development  and  release  processes  and  systems   –  Follow  on  to  ConFnuous  IntegraFons  with  automaFc  staging  and  tesFng  of   security,  performance,  etc.   –  Reliant  on  pracFces  like  Extreme  Programming   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  33   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_delivery/  
  • 34. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  Provides  No  Technical  PracFces   Scrum  is  missing  guidance  to  build  working,  tested,  maintainable   Soeware  (con0nued):   •  PracFce,  pracFce,  pracFce   –  Like  learning  to  play  an  instrument  learning  new  ways  of  development   requires  lots  of  pracFce  and  reinforcement   –  Becoming  proficient  in  Test  Driven  Development,  Refactoring,  etc.  requires   more  Fme  and  effort  than  learning  Scrum  –  be  paFent   –  Provide  technical  training  to  help  developers  get  started   –  PracFce  Pair  Programming     •  Having  a  buddy  to  work  with  reinforces  TDD,  Refactoring  and  CI   •  Without  a  partner  its  too  easy  to  fall  back  onto  old  habits   –  PracFce  Mob  Programming   –  Run  Code  Katas  to  pracFce  Test  Driven  Development  and  refactoring   –  A[end  Code  Retreats   –  Get  the  team  technical  coaching   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  34   globalday.coderetreat.org  http://coderetreat.org/   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p_pvslS4gEI  
  • 35. Issue:  Scrum  of  Scrum  Isn't  EffecFve   What:   •  The  Scrum  of  Scrums  worked  alright  with  four  teams   •  But  when  more  teams  were  added,  problems  slipped  through  the  cracks   Impact:     •  Unneeded  working  is  being  done   •  Needed  work  is  not  being  done   •  Delivery  teams  find  themselves  blocked  by  other  teams  or  external  factors   Why:   •  Complex  technical  architecture  with  lots  of  different  languages  and  3rd  party   soeware   •  Technical  teams  are  siloed  and  over  specialized   •  There  are  lots  inter-­‐team  dependencies   •  Many  inter-­‐team  dependencies  are  not  obvious   •  Scrum  of  Scrums  doesn't  scale  well   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  35  
  • 36. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  of  Scrum  Isn't  EffecFve   Complex  technical  architecture  with  lots  of  different  languages   and  3rd  party  soeware:   •  Simplify  the  architecture  to  reduce  dependencies  and  complexity   •  Simply  the  architecture  step  by  step,  not  all  at  once   •  Architecture  simplificaFon  can  takes  years   Technical  teams  are  siloed  and  over  specialized:   There  are  lots  inter-­‐team  dependencies:   Many  inter-­‐team  dependencies  are  not  obvious:   •  Create  cross-­‐funcFonal  teams  –  see  "Scrum  Team  Missing  Key   People"   •  Cross  train  team  members  –  pairing  really  helps   •  Proac0vely  look  for  dependencies  and  impediments;  don't  assume   team  members  will  always  know  about  their  dependencies  on  non-­‐ team  soeware,  architecture  or  schedules     cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  36  
  • 37. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  of  Scrum  Isn't  EffecFve?   Scrum  of  Scrums  doesn't  scale  well:   •  Scrum  of  Scrum  works  pre[y  well  with  four  teams   –  Even  with  four  teams,  it  helps  if  members  of  those  teams  interact  with   each  other  regularly  outside  of  the  Scrum  of  Scrums   •  The  the  more  teams  in  a  Scrum  of  Scrums,  the  less  well  it  works,  so   the  first  step  is  to  reduce  the  number  of  teams   –  Ensure  that  all  teams  are  working  to  build  the  same  product   •  If  not  remove  those  teams  from  the  Scrum  of  Scrums  (they  are  just  adding   noise  to  the  Scrum  of  Scrums)   •  The  removed  teams  may  belong  in  another  product's  Scrum  of  Scrums   –  CreaFng  true  cross-­‐funcFonal  teams  and  cross  training  will  reduce  the   number  of  teams  needed   –  Simplifying  the  technical  architecture  will  reduce  the  variety  of  skills   needed  and  so  the  number  of  teams  needed   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  37  
  • 38. MiFgaFon:  Scrum  of  Scrum  Isn't  EffecFve?   Scrum  of  Scrums  doesn't  scale  well  (con0nued):   •  If  aeer  applying  all  the  bullets  on  reducing  the  number  of  teams  and   there  are  sFll  more  than  four  or  five  teams  or  Scrum  of  Scrums  isn't   effecFve  even  with  a  few  teams,  replace  Scrum  of  Scrums   –  Use  Kanban  instead  of  Scrum  of  Scrums   –  Focus  on  the  product's  need  for  inter-­‐team  planning  and  coordinaFon   not  "what  did  your  team  do  yesterday?"   –  Focus  on  longer  term  issues  across  Sprints   –  Assign  a  very  technical  agile  manger/facilitator  who  proac0vely  looks  for   dependencies,  impediments  and  product  wide  issues   –  Create  a  backlog  for  this  2nd  Fer  Kanban  containing  work  items  needed   for  the  product  itself  and  the  product  teams   –  Scale  across  the  organizaFon  and  mulFple  products  with  a  3rd  Fer  Kanban   with  an  organizaFonal  backlog   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  38  
  • 39. Don’t  Go  It  Alone   Become  ac0ve  in  local  user  groups  (find  on  Meetup.com):   •  Agile,  Scrum  and  Kanban  Groups   •  Soeware  Craesmanship  Groups  (Code  Kata  groups  and  Code  Retreats)   •  Technology  Specific  Groups  (languages,  pla}orms,  DevOps,  etc.)   Read  about  several  agile  prac0ces:   •  Lean  &  Kanban   •  Scrum   •  eXtreme  Programming   A5end  conferences  and  training   Bring  in  consultants,  where  appropriate   Share  your  knowledge  and  experience     cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  39  
  • 40. Camille  Bell   Agile  Coaching  &  ConsulFng   RetrospecFves   Agile  Boot  Camps     Agile  Training   Updated  Slides   or  just  to  chat  about  things  agile   cbell@CamilleBellConsul0ng.com