What the Outline Should Look Like
For the subculture paper outline, you will use a proper heading and MLA 2009 format and employ a topic outline, with short phrases and citations.
The parts of an outline are typically labeled using this order:
I. Main idea
A. Subtopic
1. Detail of subtopic
2. Another detail
a. Related idea about the detail
b. Another related idea
(1) Supporting fact or related matter
(2) Perhaps another supporting fact
(a) Micro-detail
(b) Another micro-detail
B. Second subtopic
1. Detail of second subtopic
2. Another detail
a. Supporting information for this second detail
b. Added supporting information related to second detail
In general, you may find that you will have different amounts of details for some topics and subtopics than for others. That is acceptable; just seek to keep your descriptions in balance, not overemphasizing some topics at the expense of others.
When you have a part I, there should be at least a part II, and possibly a part III.
When you have an A, there should also be at least a B, and so on. Usually no element should occur singly; when one supporting point is listed, there should be at least one more at that level.
Below is a possible rough outline for the subculture paper:
Introduction with thesis, then:
I. Who or what is the subculture?
II. What is the history/background?
III. What are the core beliefs/practices/ideals? What do they do together? Subculture-specific language/jargon/uniform/dress?
IV. What do others think about them?
V. What are current issues, problems, or concerns that are affecting the subculture now?
VI. How do social media and media come into play for this subculture? How are they represented/misrepresented in the media? How do they use social media for recruitment? What are the key blogs/websites? How are they portrayed in pop culture?
VII. What is the subculture’s presence on campus? In Chico? Northern California?
Also keep in mind: Who are the role models in this subculture? Famous members of this subculture? Former members?
(Eventually your conclusion…)
OUTLINE/GUIDELINES FOR THE PAPER:
Make sure your outline is VERY detailed - as if I have never heard of this subculture before! Since you’ll be writing about your own experience and understanding of this subculture, as well as describing the culture from others’ perspectives, you need to use both a first person and third person voice throughout the paper.
On the outline you will include facts, data, details, and citations. Consider this a working draft, just without the complete sentences.
Throughout the outline/paper, include information from your interview with your subculture informant, expert, and/or scholar.
Here are some more details you can use to structure your paper:
III. Core Beliefs/Practices/Ideals:
· Describe some of the worldviews, beliefs, values, attitudes, etc. shared by members of this subculture. Consider whether they share a common way of thinking, philosophy, ideology, religion, etc. .
This document provides guidelines and examples for outlining a paper on a subculture. It begins by outlining the proper structure for a topic outline using headings and subheadings. It then gives a possible outline for a paper on subcultures, with sections on who/what the subculture is, its history, core beliefs/practices, how others view it, current issues, how social media is used, and its local presence. The document concludes by listing additional details that could be included and providing example citations for further research on the BDSM subculture.
George Washington Writing Craftivity By Amber PolkEsther Nasus
The document provides instructions for creating an account and requesting writing assistance from the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email; 2) Complete a 10-minute order form with instructions, sources, and deadline; 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications; 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied; 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with a refund offered for plagiarized work. The document promises original, high-quality content and full satisfaction of needs.
~ 1a) Social Inequality The Week 4 Instructor Question meets t.docxtawnyataylor528
~ 1a) Social Inequality
The Week 4 Instructor Question meets the following course objectives:
•Apply a sociological perspective to the social world
•Analyze contemporary social issues using the sociological imagination and use sociological theories and concepts to analyze everyday life.
•Discuss global stratification and explain social class and the impact of stratification in the United States.
•Describe sex and gender, race and ethnicity, and the elderly in the United States as well as how inequality, prejudice, and discrimination impacts certain groups of people in society
•Develop written communication skills and critical thinking skills.
•Apply American Psychological Association formatting and citation style when completing course assignments.
Initial forum postings should be a minimum of 250 words. Each student must also respond to a minimum of 1 fellow students' postings; each response must be at least 100 words in length.
Choose ONE of the following questions:
1. How is power wielded in the social world? Do agree more with functionalist or conflict theorists regarding the concept of power in a democracy? Be sure to describe both the functionalist and conflict perspectives on power in society and provide evidence or examples to support your position.
2. Describe the functionalist view of social stratification, and the conflict theory's view of social stratification. Then take a pro or con position on each of the following three points: first, social stratification is necessary for societies to exist and prosper; second, the United States functions, overall, as a meritocracy; and third, human beings-driven as they are by human nature-are incapable of ever creating and/or living in a classless society. Provide detail about 'why' you are taking the pro or con position for each point.
3. Will there ever be complete equality between males and females in the United States? Should there be? What would constitute complete equality? Do you think the women's movement is stronger or weaker today than it was in the 1970s? In what ways? In challenging gender stratification, do you think that feminists sometimes over-exaggerate the problem of sexual inequality in the United States? If so, how? The text offers a few explanations for the origins of patriarchy while ignoring religion. Given that Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all patriarchal religions, do you think that the feminist movement is an attack against religion? Finally, what is a feminist? Are you a feminist? If so, why? If not, why? Be sure to use examples from the text in your discussion.
~1b) Social Inequality
The Week 4 WSMP meets the following course objectives:
•Apply a sociological perspective to the social world
•Analyze contemporary social issues using the sociological imagination and use sociological theories and concepts to analyze everyday life.
•Demonstrate the ability to identify, locate, and retrieve information related to the topics .
The document provides a lesson plan on analyzing literature to make connections to social issues. It includes activities for students to 1) identify social issues in pictures and discuss them in short responses, 2) unlock meanings of difficult words from a Percy Bysshe Shelley poem about England, and 3) analyze the poem by answering questions about descriptions of leaders and situations. Students will then study common social issues, complete a double-entry journal relating lines from the poem to issues, and write a short essay analyzing a chosen Philippine social issue. Assessments include a collage depicting a social issue.
Compare And Contrast Essay For Middle SchoolMonique Carter
Sample compare and contrast essay middle school. Sample compare and .... Writing: Compare-and-Contrast Essay - Middle School Teaching Resources. How To Begin A Compare And Contrast Essay Telegraph. 003 Comparison And Contrast Essayss Essay Ideas Maus Compare Thatsnotus. Compare and contrast essay examples Comparative essay example, Essay .... 006 Essay Example Compare Contrast Examples High School How To Write .... Compare and Contrast Essay II Secondary School Lecture. writing a compare and contrast essay graphic organizer - Compare and .... A-Z Guide for Writing a Compare and Contrast Essay. How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay Outline Point-By-Point With .... Sample Compare Contrast Essay Middle School - Good Examples of Compare .... Surprising Comparison Contrast Essay Examples Thatsnotus. compare and contrast essay Nature Free 30-day Trial Scribd. Compare and Contrast Essay. Strong Compare and Contrast Essay Examples. Compare and contrast essay outline middle school. How to Write a .... Compare and Contrast Paragraph Frame Teaching writing, Writing anchor .... Compare and contrast essay samples for middle school - reportthenews631 .... Compare amp; Contrast Essays - Miss DeCarbo Compare and contrast, Essay .... compare contrast essay graphic organizer Compare Contrast Alike .... Compare and contrast essay middle school. Explore Free Compare And Contrast Essay Examples: Topics, Outlines, Samples. Compare and contrast essay middle school The Friary School. Comparison and Contrast Essay - ESL worksheet by Corder. Compare And Contrast Essay Quick Navigation. Examples of compare and contrast essays for issuu - essnewday.web.fc2.com. How To Write An Compare And Contrast Essay For Kids. Comparison-contrast-essay-outline-worksheet for planning essays .... Compare And Contrast Essay Examples FAQ Pro Essay Help. How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay Literacy Ideas. 018 Comparison Contrast Essay Topics Quiz Worksheet Compare Essays .... 81 best Compare amp; Contrast Writing images on Pinterest Reading ... Compare And Contrast Essay For Middle School Compare And Contrast Essay For Middle School
Seeing” Social MovementsAn important component of studying social.docxpotmanandrea
“Seeing” Social Movements
An important component of studying social justice movements is seeing their activities unfold. In this regard one can explore their dynamics and outcomes, analyze their tactics, understand social movement organizations and participants, and get at the reasons for their mobilization and beliefs. This assignment is an effort to get you “into the field” to enable you to “see” social movement activities. Students can do this by critically evaluating a film for its significance to the study of social justice movements, be it in its depiction of a social movement or the voice that it gives to a movement.
Sociologically analyzing a film
Film is not just a component of popular culture or key form of mass media; it is also an important voice that brings relevance to numerous political issues and debates occurring in society. In addition it is a viable means with which to observe social movement activity when it is otherwise unobservable as when it occurred in the past, or in places other than in our own backyard. With this option, you are to observe a social movement depicted in film as if you were “in the field” and analyze it using the theoretical perspectives, ideas, and other tools you have developed in sociology.
1. Choose your film.
I have attached a list of potential films from which you can select.
See the appendix to this document. I encourage you to select something that reflects your interest in a particular social movement. If you have questions about any of these please let me know. Also,
this list is by no means exhaustive and I am always searching for additional options, so if you are interested in viewing something not on the list or give me ideas for should be on the list, please let me know
.
******2. When you have chosen your film, submit the film title, year, and the reason you believe it to be appropriate for the issue you are examining.
The rest of the final paper is due during week 8
3. The details and write-up
As when observing a real social justice movement, you want to watch the film and account for its events as if you were trapped in celluloid with its actors and witnessing it as if reality. Thus, you must try to become engulfed in the activities, characters, images, and themes of the film so as to analyze the events from a sociological perspective.
In analyzing the film you want to provide not only description of events and background of the social movement/protest activities but also must analyze it by considering the following guidelines and questions as appropriate:
A.
Can the actions depicted in the film be considered a social movement? How does it fit the definition and conceptualization of social justice movements that we have examined? Discuss, citing what evidence of ideology, organization, and tactics is present in the protest activities.
Make your argument citing clear evidence from the film and tying it to course readings and the class.
B.
What
theoretical perspective
might b.
Mind Map for Essay: Complete Guide With Useful Tips | EdrawMind. Mind Mapping for Essay Writing - PaperTrue. Mind Maps for Essay Writing (Guide + Examples) - Focus. Essay Mind Map Template. Steps to write an Essay: MindManager mind map template | Biggerplate. 15 Creative Mind Map Examples for Students - Focus. Get Inspired With These 13 Mind Map Examples - Focus. How Can Mind Maps Help in Effective Essay Writing? - iMindQ. writting essay in English mind map | Mind map template, Mind map, Mind .... Essay Structure | MindMeister Mind Map. Persuasive Essay: Mind map for narrative essay. Essay Topic Template: MindGenius mind map template | Biggerplate. How to Mind Map for Essays // Dyslexia 101. Free Essay Map Template – Telegraph. 026 Essay20planner Mind Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Persuasive Essay Map Co Mind Map Essay Plan Free Transparent Png | Hot .... wikiHow to Plan an Essay Using a Mind Map -- via wikiHow.com | Essay .... Descriptive essay: Mind map for narrative essay. Persuasive Essay Map Co - Mind Map Essay Plan - Free Transparent PNG .... 37 Free Mind Map Templates & Examples (Word,PowerPoint,PSD).
This document provides guidelines and examples for outlining a paper on a subculture. It begins by outlining the proper structure for a topic outline using headings and subheadings. It then gives a possible outline for a paper on subcultures, with sections on who/what the subculture is, its history, core beliefs/practices, how others view it, current issues, how social media is used, and its local presence. The document concludes by listing additional details that could be included and providing example citations for further research on the BDSM subculture.
George Washington Writing Craftivity By Amber PolkEsther Nasus
The document provides instructions for creating an account and requesting writing assistance from the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email; 2) Complete a 10-minute order form with instructions, sources, and deadline; 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications; 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied; 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with a refund offered for plagiarized work. The document promises original, high-quality content and full satisfaction of needs.
~ 1a) Social Inequality The Week 4 Instructor Question meets t.docxtawnyataylor528
~ 1a) Social Inequality
The Week 4 Instructor Question meets the following course objectives:
•Apply a sociological perspective to the social world
•Analyze contemporary social issues using the sociological imagination and use sociological theories and concepts to analyze everyday life.
•Discuss global stratification and explain social class and the impact of stratification in the United States.
•Describe sex and gender, race and ethnicity, and the elderly in the United States as well as how inequality, prejudice, and discrimination impacts certain groups of people in society
•Develop written communication skills and critical thinking skills.
•Apply American Psychological Association formatting and citation style when completing course assignments.
Initial forum postings should be a minimum of 250 words. Each student must also respond to a minimum of 1 fellow students' postings; each response must be at least 100 words in length.
Choose ONE of the following questions:
1. How is power wielded in the social world? Do agree more with functionalist or conflict theorists regarding the concept of power in a democracy? Be sure to describe both the functionalist and conflict perspectives on power in society and provide evidence or examples to support your position.
2. Describe the functionalist view of social stratification, and the conflict theory's view of social stratification. Then take a pro or con position on each of the following three points: first, social stratification is necessary for societies to exist and prosper; second, the United States functions, overall, as a meritocracy; and third, human beings-driven as they are by human nature-are incapable of ever creating and/or living in a classless society. Provide detail about 'why' you are taking the pro or con position for each point.
3. Will there ever be complete equality between males and females in the United States? Should there be? What would constitute complete equality? Do you think the women's movement is stronger or weaker today than it was in the 1970s? In what ways? In challenging gender stratification, do you think that feminists sometimes over-exaggerate the problem of sexual inequality in the United States? If so, how? The text offers a few explanations for the origins of patriarchy while ignoring religion. Given that Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all patriarchal religions, do you think that the feminist movement is an attack against religion? Finally, what is a feminist? Are you a feminist? If so, why? If not, why? Be sure to use examples from the text in your discussion.
~1b) Social Inequality
The Week 4 WSMP meets the following course objectives:
•Apply a sociological perspective to the social world
•Analyze contemporary social issues using the sociological imagination and use sociological theories and concepts to analyze everyday life.
•Demonstrate the ability to identify, locate, and retrieve information related to the topics .
The document provides a lesson plan on analyzing literature to make connections to social issues. It includes activities for students to 1) identify social issues in pictures and discuss them in short responses, 2) unlock meanings of difficult words from a Percy Bysshe Shelley poem about England, and 3) analyze the poem by answering questions about descriptions of leaders and situations. Students will then study common social issues, complete a double-entry journal relating lines from the poem to issues, and write a short essay analyzing a chosen Philippine social issue. Assessments include a collage depicting a social issue.
Compare And Contrast Essay For Middle SchoolMonique Carter
Sample compare and contrast essay middle school. Sample compare and .... Writing: Compare-and-Contrast Essay - Middle School Teaching Resources. How To Begin A Compare And Contrast Essay Telegraph. 003 Comparison And Contrast Essayss Essay Ideas Maus Compare Thatsnotus. Compare and contrast essay examples Comparative essay example, Essay .... 006 Essay Example Compare Contrast Examples High School How To Write .... Compare and Contrast Essay II Secondary School Lecture. writing a compare and contrast essay graphic organizer - Compare and .... A-Z Guide for Writing a Compare and Contrast Essay. How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay Outline Point-By-Point With .... Sample Compare Contrast Essay Middle School - Good Examples of Compare .... Surprising Comparison Contrast Essay Examples Thatsnotus. compare and contrast essay Nature Free 30-day Trial Scribd. Compare and Contrast Essay. Strong Compare and Contrast Essay Examples. Compare and contrast essay outline middle school. How to Write a .... Compare and Contrast Paragraph Frame Teaching writing, Writing anchor .... Compare and contrast essay samples for middle school - reportthenews631 .... Compare amp; Contrast Essays - Miss DeCarbo Compare and contrast, Essay .... compare contrast essay graphic organizer Compare Contrast Alike .... Compare and contrast essay middle school. Explore Free Compare And Contrast Essay Examples: Topics, Outlines, Samples. Compare and contrast essay middle school The Friary School. Comparison and Contrast Essay - ESL worksheet by Corder. Compare And Contrast Essay Quick Navigation. Examples of compare and contrast essays for issuu - essnewday.web.fc2.com. How To Write An Compare And Contrast Essay For Kids. Comparison-contrast-essay-outline-worksheet for planning essays .... Compare And Contrast Essay Examples FAQ Pro Essay Help. How to Write a Compare and Contrast Essay Literacy Ideas. 018 Comparison Contrast Essay Topics Quiz Worksheet Compare Essays .... 81 best Compare amp; Contrast Writing images on Pinterest Reading ... Compare And Contrast Essay For Middle School Compare And Contrast Essay For Middle School
Seeing” Social MovementsAn important component of studying social.docxpotmanandrea
“Seeing” Social Movements
An important component of studying social justice movements is seeing their activities unfold. In this regard one can explore their dynamics and outcomes, analyze their tactics, understand social movement organizations and participants, and get at the reasons for their mobilization and beliefs. This assignment is an effort to get you “into the field” to enable you to “see” social movement activities. Students can do this by critically evaluating a film for its significance to the study of social justice movements, be it in its depiction of a social movement or the voice that it gives to a movement.
Sociologically analyzing a film
Film is not just a component of popular culture or key form of mass media; it is also an important voice that brings relevance to numerous political issues and debates occurring in society. In addition it is a viable means with which to observe social movement activity when it is otherwise unobservable as when it occurred in the past, or in places other than in our own backyard. With this option, you are to observe a social movement depicted in film as if you were “in the field” and analyze it using the theoretical perspectives, ideas, and other tools you have developed in sociology.
1. Choose your film.
I have attached a list of potential films from which you can select.
See the appendix to this document. I encourage you to select something that reflects your interest in a particular social movement. If you have questions about any of these please let me know. Also,
this list is by no means exhaustive and I am always searching for additional options, so if you are interested in viewing something not on the list or give me ideas for should be on the list, please let me know
.
******2. When you have chosen your film, submit the film title, year, and the reason you believe it to be appropriate for the issue you are examining.
The rest of the final paper is due during week 8
3. The details and write-up
As when observing a real social justice movement, you want to watch the film and account for its events as if you were trapped in celluloid with its actors and witnessing it as if reality. Thus, you must try to become engulfed in the activities, characters, images, and themes of the film so as to analyze the events from a sociological perspective.
In analyzing the film you want to provide not only description of events and background of the social movement/protest activities but also must analyze it by considering the following guidelines and questions as appropriate:
A.
Can the actions depicted in the film be considered a social movement? How does it fit the definition and conceptualization of social justice movements that we have examined? Discuss, citing what evidence of ideology, organization, and tactics is present in the protest activities.
Make your argument citing clear evidence from the film and tying it to course readings and the class.
B.
What
theoretical perspective
might b.
Mind Map for Essay: Complete Guide With Useful Tips | EdrawMind. Mind Mapping for Essay Writing - PaperTrue. Mind Maps for Essay Writing (Guide + Examples) - Focus. Essay Mind Map Template. Steps to write an Essay: MindManager mind map template | Biggerplate. 15 Creative Mind Map Examples for Students - Focus. Get Inspired With These 13 Mind Map Examples - Focus. How Can Mind Maps Help in Effective Essay Writing? - iMindQ. writting essay in English mind map | Mind map template, Mind map, Mind .... Essay Structure | MindMeister Mind Map. Persuasive Essay: Mind map for narrative essay. Essay Topic Template: MindGenius mind map template | Biggerplate. How to Mind Map for Essays // Dyslexia 101. Free Essay Map Template – Telegraph. 026 Essay20planner Mind Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Persuasive Essay Map Co Mind Map Essay Plan Free Transparent Png | Hot .... wikiHow to Plan an Essay Using a Mind Map -- via wikiHow.com | Essay .... Descriptive essay: Mind map for narrative essay. Persuasive Essay Map Co - Mind Map Essay Plan - Free Transparent PNG .... 37 Free Mind Map Templates & Examples (Word,PowerPoint,PSD).
Introduction to Comparative Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well .... Introduction To Comparative Politics Essay. Comparative Politics Introductory notes. Comparative Politics summary - StudeerSnel. Comparative Politics - Traditional Approaches - These methods can be .... INTL 204 INTRODUCTION TO COMPARATIVE POLITICS. Essentials Of Comparative Politics by Patrick H O'Neil - American Book .... Comparative Politics - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. Guide for Comparative Politics. Introduction to Comparative Politics. (PDF) The Future of Comparative Politics is its Past. Essentials of Comparative Politics (Sixth Edition) eBook - Shopbooknow.
Remember you have two things due on the same day1. Prelimi.docxdebishakespeare
Remember you have two things due on the same day:
1. Preliminary Topic:
· Just below the title, you should state your preliminary research topic. This may be one sentence long, or it may be a full paragraph. Regardless, it should be focused and clear. You only need one page; you only have one topic. Make sure that you include at least one issue of substance that pertains to your subculture. Remember to include a title for your paper.
Several examples for you to view: You only need ONE!
Example 1:
Your name
Instructor Linda Rogers
English 130: Section ___
Preliminary Topic and Annotated Bibliography
Due Date
Gays and Lesbians in the Ghettoes
There has been a conflict between those gays who have wanted to celebrate and emphasize the very things that make them different and those who want to be absorbed into mainstream culture. The establishment of the gay ghettos can be perceived as doing either or both of these things.
Example 2:
Your name
Instructor Linda Rogers
English 130: Section ___
Preliminary Topic and Annotated Bibliography
Due Date
Women Bodybuilders
The women bodybuilding subculture illustrates an image of domination over personal domain. Women bodybuilders create a spectacle with the collapsing of gender roles as seen in their exaggerated musculature and hyper-feminine mode of dress. The contradictory appearance reveals an underlying struggle between sub-cultural control and hegemonic impression.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 3:
Your name
Instructor Linda Rogers
English 130: Section ___
Preliminary Topic and Annotated Bibliography
Due Date
Swingers in our Midst
Swingers join their subculture to satisfy not only a life of normality but their desires to be with others sexually and not live a life of monogamy. The increased rates of HIV/AIDS and other STDs has dramatically affected the swinger subculture.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Annotated Bibliography:
· Below the preliminary research topic, I expect a list of at least five sources (I recommend 6-10 sources, if possible). Each entry should be listed in MLA format.
· Immediately following each entry, there should be a brief synopsis of the source. Each synopsis should be roughly 50-100 words long.
· This entry should do five things:
· list the entry using MLA format
· provide an authority assessment: list the background and affiliations of the author(s)
· summarize the source
· assess its authenticity and reliability
· reflect on how it will fit into your research paper
· Your annotated bibliography, like your final research essay, should contain a mixture of sources: books, periodicals, websites, interviews, sound recordings, etc. Whenever possible, you should use the most authoritative sources available.
More Samples of Annotated Entries, for a Paper ...
Running Head INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION1INTERCULTURAL .docxjeanettehully
Running Head: INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
1
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
4
Reflection of chapter 4
(The environmental context)
For this reflection, the concept that I have picked is from The Environmental Context in chapter 4. The specific concept that the paper will discuss is the concept of the cultural preference for privacy. This is a concept that explains that different cultures have different preferences for privacy both online and offline. The preference of privacy ranges from solitude to isolation to intimacy with friends or with the family to anonymity and finally reserves. The level of preference that a culture has forms the basis upon which certain policies are set, how people socialize and the basis of deciding how to structure their houses and living spaces.
I have had an experience with this concept especially in regard to the preference for privacy on the online space. Some time back in a group of very diverse individual, a topic was raised about the numerous censoring and limitation that is done on the web in China. In the group, there was one Chinese individual who tried to explain that it works well for them and their country. However, most the other individuals in the group including myself who come from a culture where there is a lot of freedom on the internet where individuals can access anything and post anything, they like were against the whole concept of internet censoring.
We went round and round telling the Chinese individuals how the government was denying them a right to freedom and how much more they were missing on the internet because of being locked out by the government. No matter how much he tried to explain how that worked well for their society, none of us were hearing any of it because we were all convinced that what their government does is wrong. Surprisingly at the end of the whole discussion and debate, the Chinese individual seemed very unmoved by our many opinions and was still okay with this approach the government had decided to take to monitor activities on their web. From this experience, however, I ended up feeling like we had gone on an on to impose our views and criticisms without giving ourselves a chance to listen and understand the point of view of the one person who felt that such policies were okay for their country.
If I knew then what I know now that is the concepts of this course in regard to the fact that different cultures have different preferences of privacy the experience for me would be very different. This is because I would have made contributions to the discussion from a point of a lot more understanding rather than just imposing my opinion like what everyone else did. I would have been able to see and understand the point of view of the Chinese fellow in the group when he said that what they have worked for them and consequently be more accommodative of the fact we all do not have to be the same and that our needs are not their needs.
The communication or the ...
Essay OneEnglish 102Due Assignment With the expansion o.docxSALU18
Essay One
English 102
Due:
Assignment: With the expansion of cable television and the internet, what once was considered taboo and mysterious is now projected routinely for the world to examine. One can now discover the inner workings of a subculture with a first person point of view. Using this overabundance information, select a youth subculture that you find off-putting and unnatural. This aversion to a subculture can be for various reasons—whether moral or religious, rooted in some aversion to that subculture’s appearance or demeanor, or for some other reason.
How is this subculture viewed? How should this subculture be viewed (i.e. pop culture and contemporary culture, and media representations vs. reality)? Your personal opinion of your selected subculture may not change, but the assignment needs to be approached with an open mind and a willingness to understand what you consider abnormal.
Requirements:
*Minimum four-page paper
*MLA formatted
*5 sources
* 1 primary
* 2 secondary sources (one scholarly and one nonfiction book)
* 1 creative or media source
* 1 additional reliable source of your choose
Note: an interview can be a primary source, and due to the witness/journalistic nature of the assignment, consider interviewing people with any attachments to your chosen subculture.
* Paper to be turned in as a hard copy on due date.
*All rough draft material, as stated in class, will need to be
turned in alongside the final draft on the due date.
Essay Two
English 102
Due:
Assignment: What is a significant change within your chosen subculture? Did a new trend in society help to promote this change? Did all members of the subculture make the change or did some stay true to the original beliefs? How did the change occur? How did this change affect the subculture? Subcultures rarely stay static, and during an era of over-information, it is very likely your selected subculture has changed frequently.
Pick the most interesting change to you, or the most dynamic of changes. How was the change set in motion? What did the change alter about the subculture?
Requirements:
*Minimum four-page typed paper
*Proper MLA format
*5 sources
*2 primary,
*3 secondary scholarly sources
*Paper will be turned in as a physical copy on the due date, and also uploaded via Moodle. Sources will also be turned in via Moodle.
Essay Three
English 102
Due:
Assignment: Write an essay focusing on a controversial topic about your selected subculture. Why do people find this topic so disturbing? Is it something that can be adapted to become acceptable?
Or, a possibly different approach: write an argument regarding a controversial topic within your subculture and support its validity.
Requirements:
*Minimum four-page typed paper
*Proper MLA format
*5 sources
*2 primary
*3 secondary scholarly sources
*Paper will be turned in as a physical copy on the due date
*Two copies will be turned in: one in MLA format, and the second
...
Marvelous How To Write An Essay About A Book ~ Thatsnotus. 005 Essay Example Idhow To Write A Book ~ Thatsnotus. Write a short essay on Importance of Reading Books | Essay writing .... Essay On Books And Reading. Writing about a book in an essay Kingston. 018 008759196 1 Essay Example Books And ~ Thatsnotus. Essay Book Pdf. How To Write A Book Title In An Essay Mla Format : How to write a book .... Essay on Book Reading - Value & Importance For Students. Book Essay Writing: Prompts on Good Topic and Free Examples. How to Write a Book Analysis Paper | Books | Essays. 007 Books And Reading Essay Example ~ Thatsnotus. 010 Essay Example Bunch Ideas Of Book Review Best Dissertation Writing .... Literary Essay - Teaching to the Test-Taker. 011 The Book Essay Preview0 ~ Thatsnotus. Essay On Books | Books Essay In English | Essay - YouTube. Rare The Book Essay ~ Thatsnotus. 016 Myhobby28129 Books And Reading Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Book analysis - mfacourses887.web.fc2.com. Essay on Books for Students & Children | Long & Short Books Essays.
Hegemony, Marxism and Stereotype TheoryKirstie Stark
This document discusses several key theories related to stereotypes and representation in media:
1. Richard Dyer's theory from 1979 that stereotypes reduce groups to a few exaggerated characteristics and are used to portray social power dynamics.
2. Tessa Perkins' revised view that stereotypes are shorthand not inherently problematic, and audiences wrongly assume they apply to all group members.
3. An assignment asking students to analyze stereotypes in media like TV shows and ads based on these theories, considering how stereotypes are constructed and their potential effects on audiences.
Character Analysis: Romulus My Father Essay Example | StudyHippo.com. Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher .... Romulus My Father Belonging Essay | English (Advanced) - Year 12 HSC .... Essay on romulus my father belonging - lawwustl.web.fc2.com. Romulus my father identity essay titles. The Father Essay - Romulus my father essay relationships in the bible .... Belonging Essay-Romulus, my father & Memories | English (Advanced .... VCE Romulus, My Father - Study Map. 'Romulus My Father' essay | English (Advanced) - Year 11 HSC | Thinkswap. Romulus My Father Essay | English (Standard) - Year 12 HSC | Thinkswap. romulus my father essay. Romulus My Father Memoir Essay. Romulus, My Father - Activities for Chapters 7-13 | Teaching Resources. Romulus My Father Essay | PDF. Romulus my father belonging essay about myself. Romulus, My Father & Gattaca Belonging Essay | English (Advanced .... Romulus My Father Note and Quotes for HSC Essays | English (Standard .... Romulus My Father | Father essay, Romulus, Jack movie. Romulus, My Father by John Rizk. Romulus, My Father by Raimond Gaita | Romulus, Father essay, Father book. Romulus my father essay belonging to a group. Year 12 HSC Band 6 (Area of study essay) - Romulus My Father | English .... Romulus, My Father Essay | English (Standard) - Year 12 HSC | Thinkswap. Belonging Essay - Romulus, My Father | English (Advanced) - Year 12 HSC .... Romulus My Father Essay – Telegraph. Essay romulus my father quotes belonging. ROMULUS MY FATHER (SSRC) | SSRC. Buy Book - TOP NOTES (VCE) ROMULUS, MY FATHER | Lilydale Books. Romulus My Father Notes Summary Example - PHDessay.com. English 'Romulus my Father' Yearly Examination Essay | English .... Buy Book - TOP NOTES ROMULUS, MY FATHER | Lilydale Books. AOS Belonging Essay Romulus + 2 Related Texts | Year 12 HSC - English ... Romulus My Father Essay
The passage discusses the history of the death penalty in the United States and argues that it should be illegal. It notes that the death penalty was incorporated from British culture beginning in 1608 with executions in Jamestown. The passage argues against the death penalty and implies it should be abolished, as the topic has been debated since its inception.
The document discusses how mountain bikes, unlike road bikes, have chunkier tires and a more upright riding position suited for off-road terrain, allowing riders to enjoy scenic views while exercising. It notes that carbon fiber bike components provide consistency for mountain biking. The summary concludes that mountain biking is a fun way for courageous riders to challenge themselves on exciting trails while connecting with nature.
Lesson 2 RACISM as a Literary Theory - Copy.pptxBejayCastaneto
This document provides an overview of racism as a literary theory known as critical race theory (CRT). It discusses CRT as an approach for examining how race and racism are portrayed in cultural works and why this approach is useful. The key tenets of CRT are also summarized, including that racism is difficult to address, often advances the interests of white elites, race is a social construct, different groups face changing racialization over time, and minority experiences provide unique perspectives. Examples are given throughout to illustrate these concepts.
This document provides guidance on developing effective thesis statements. It defines what a thesis statement is, its key components, and strategies for writing one. Some common errors to avoid are discussed, such as having a thesis that is a question or too broad. Examples of strong and weak thesis statements are provided for different types of essays. The document emphasizes that a good thesis states your topic, opinion/assertion, and any supporting reasons or evidence in a clear, specific, and unambiguous way. It should not be vague, contain unnecessary elements, or simply state a fact.
The document outlines a 5-step process for requesting and receiving writing help from HelpWriting.net, including registering an account, submitting an order form with instructions and deadline, reviewing writer bids and choosing one, placing a deposit to start the work, and reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed paper if satisfied. The site promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work, aiming to fully meet customer needs.
This document outlines the steps to request and complete an assignment writing request on the HelpWriting.net website. It involves registering for an account, completing an order form with instructions and deadlines, reviewing writer bids and qualifications, placing a deposit to start the assignment, reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed work, and utilizing free revisions if needed to ensure satisfaction. The website promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work.
3G Short Essay. Online assignment writing service.Jessica Adams
The document outlines a 5-step process for requesting and receiving writing help from HelpWriting.net, including registering an account, submitting an order form with instructions and deadline, reviewing writer bids and choosing one, placing a deposit to start the work, and reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed paper if satisfied. The service offers revisions and refunds for plagiarized work, aiming to fully meet customer needs.
3G Short Essay. Online assignment writing service.Leslie Thomas
The document outlines a 5-step process for requesting and receiving writing help from HelpWriting.net, including registering an account, submitting an order form with instructions and deadline, reviewing writer bids and choosing one, placing a deposit to start the work, and reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed paper if satisfied. It also notes the site offers free revisions and stands by its promise of original, high-quality content or a full refund.
quot;Airframequot;by Michael Crichton Free Essay Example. Michael Crichton Essays. The Science of Michael Crichton: The Science Behind His Fictional Worlds. Michael Crichton Free Essays Examples amp; Find Books by Michael Crichton. Michael crichton. Conversations with Michael Crichton University Press of Mississippi. Write Life Series: Michael Crichton. Interview with Michael Crichton by Michael Crichton - Speech - Audible.com. PPT - Michael Crichton PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:513755. 9 Surpising Michael Crichton Facts Book Analysis. Michael crichton essay on global warming. Michael crichton sphere chapters - halfpsado. Michael Crichton - Turner Classic Movies. When author Michael Crichton studied literature at Harvard, he thought .... Why You Should Read: Michael Crichton - Geek Vibes Nation. Complete List of Michael Crichton Books by Year. Michael Crichton. Commentary: Novelist Michael Crichton and His Warnings about the .... Michael Crichton Biography, Books and Facts. Best Michael Crichton Books List of Popular Michael Crichton Books .... Michael Crichton Books In Order - How To Read Michael Crichtons Books?. The Great Michael Crichton Re-Read Announcement - YouTube. Michael Crichton Sold for 135 RR Auction. Michael Crichton Filmes, Biografia e Listas na MUBI. Example of michael crichtons prey literature review - 649 Words Essay .... Free Essays and Term Papers For Students: Genetic Engineering and .... Michael Crichton Pseudonym: Writers Secret Life While In Med School .... Michael Crichton - the complete overview of published works. 88 Michael Crichtons 1999 Prescient, Unheeded Advice to the Science ... Michael Crichton Essays Michael Crichton Essays
This document provides instructions for a WebQuest assignment on John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. Students will be divided into groups and assigned roles such as biographer, geographer, historian, and philosopher. They will conduct research on topics related to Steinbeck, the Great Depression setting of the novel, and themes in the book. Individual students will write assignments from their roles' perspectives. Groups will then create a presentation on whether the book should still be taught given its language. The document outlines the tasks, process, evaluation standards, and online resources for students to use for the assignment.
Essay On World Peace And Nonviolence. Online assignment writing service.Brittany Avila
This document discusses the importance of geographic literacy. It defines geographic literacy as understanding human and natural systems, geographic reasoning, and systematic decision making. It notes that geography teaches awareness of global issues and how to understand and solve conflicts. While geography is being reduced in schools, it is an important subject for all citizens to know as everyone's decisions cumulatively impact the world. A geographically literate student understands that the world is interconnected and human actions have long-lasting environmental effects.
Running Head GLOBALIZATION1GLOBALIZATION5.docxcowinhelen
Running Head: GLOBALIZATION 1
GLOBALIZATION 5
Globalization
Name: Rodney Wheeler
Institution: Rasmussen College
Course: G380/AMH3304 Section 01 Visions of America Since 1945
Date: 02/02/18
What is globalization, and in what ways has the Internet served as a vehicle for it?
Globalization can be defined as the way through which firms or other organizations develop international ties and begin to function on an international level as opposed to simply operating within the national level. It means that firms begin targeting even customers from other countries across the globe, hiring employees from other countries and, open branches in other countries.
The internet has been very useful in fostering globalization. Through the internet, there is easier communication among people across the globe as emails, social media and other forms of formal communication can be used. The internet has also made it easy to market as websites are used to foster international marketing through use of websites, emails and through the social media. Therefore, the internet has been a key driver towards encouraging and promoting globalization through easier communication, increased socialization and through increased marketing efforts.
What cultural values do the site you chose reflect?
The site explains that one common culture, that is the global culture, will be one culture to be used worldwide, and this is because of globalization. There is the likelihood of losing individual beliefs of every country and instead, having one broad culture that accommodates everyone. The main challenge with this is that the cultural swift is towards the western way of thinking and of doing things and therefore, various communities are likely to lose their solidarity and the world will become one in terms of global culture. The internet, cable televisions and generally the international entertainment are nowadays geared towards supporting the western thoughts of capitalism and this is likely to create one common culture comprising mostly of western ideas. For instance, with time, English will dominate all other languages.
What political values are reflected?
There is a change in the political systems. For instance, in the past, every country used to conduct its own political affairs without concern about those of others. The main issues involved protection of human rights, caring for the economy and provision of security to the citizens. However, with the changes in ecological systems such as global warming, globalization has forced nations to be more united to act together as one through global politics. Since there are issues such as global warming, political issues and decisions of every country count towards promoting or not supporting global warming and thus the need for a single integrated global economy. Through the European Union, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization and the World Bank, international politics are shaped towards the same direction ...
With regards to this article, I agree and disagree on certain leve.docxalanfhall8953
With regards to this article, I agree and disagree on certain levels pertaining to racism in video games. I have been playing video games since the Nintendo days and I have noticed many stereotypes in video games that Evan has pointed out. Although Evan feels that all black characters are subject to stereotypes, there are bunches of game characters that I believe are not under this category and are in fact very ambitious characters. For example, Lee Everett from the Walking Dead: Season 1 game, Captain Anderson from the Mass Effect Trilogy, Franklin from Grand Theft Auto V and Sgt. Johnson from the Halo series. The problem I have with Evan's critique is the fact that he is judging black characters based on how they act and look, something that society does to members of the visible minority in the real world. Majority of the characters that are in question may seem stereotypical at first but if you delve deeper into their character you start to realize that there is depth behind that person rather than just big muscles and a loud mouth. In my opinion, whenever I play a video game I can care less what the race of my character is and I look more towards their development as a character and the story that it is telling. Many "gamers" share this same opinion from research I have done and even in the comment section of this article. I get the notion that he is looking for a character that is "white" but the problem is whenever a black character is given the same characteristics as a white character, they are not well received and are made fun of for being "white washed". There seems to be a double standard with how black characters are portrayed and is also something that will unfortunately never be able to appease to everyone due to the fact that everyone shares a different opinion on how certain types of characters should be portrayed.
3/25/2014
1/11
The Social Construction of "Race"
As our discussions have revealed over the past few weeks, negative or stereotypical representation in media
has real consequences. Such representations not only reflect but also reinforce the marginality of minority
groups. Thus, it follows that the political empowerment of subordinate groups in society--such as women,
youth, people with disabilities, gays and lesbians, the poor--depends in part on changing the way these
groups are represented.
How can we think about the issues of representation and empowerment in relation to racial minorities? First,
we need to gain a better understanding of the social construction of racial and ethnic identity.
Ethnicity
'Ethnicity' and 'race' are linked but distinct categories. Ethnicity is a broad social category that addresses
one’s perceived membership in a larger group based on an attachment to an actual or possible homeland, its
cultural heritage, belief system, political history, language, myths, customs, manners, food, literature, sport, art
or architectural style. Ethnic affiliations are acknowledged and pa.
WIT Financial Accounting Test Chapters 5 and 6
1. From the adjusted trial balance for Worker Products Company given below, prepare a multiple-step income statement in good form.
Worker Products Company
Adjusted Trial Balance
December 31
Debit
Credit
Cash
$9,400
Accounts receivable
25,000
Merchandise inventory
36,000
Office supplies
900
Store equipment
75,000
Accumulated depreciation - store equipment
$22,000
Office equipment
60,000
Accumulated depreciation -office equipment
15,000
Accounts payable
42,000
Notes payable
10,000
F. Worker, Capital
110,700
F. Worker, Withdrawals
48,000
Sales
325,000
Sales discounts
6,000
Sales returns and allowances
16,500
Cost of goods sold
195,000
Sales salaries expense
32,500
Depreciation expense - store equipment
11,000
Depreciation expense - office equipment
7,500
Office supplies expense
1,300
Interest expense
600
Totals
$524,700
$524,700
2. From the adjusted trial balance for Worker Products Company given below, prepare the necessary closing entries.
Worker Products Company
Adjusted Trial Balance
December 31
Debit
Credit
Cash
$9,400
Accounts receivable
25,000
Merchandise inventory
36,000
Office supplies
900
Store equipment
75,000
Accumulated depreciation - store equipment
$22,000
Office equipment
60,000
Accumulated depreciation -office equipment
15,000
Accounts payable
42,000
Notes payable
10,000
F. Worker, Capital
110,700
F. Worker, Withdrawals
48,000
Sales
325,000
Sales discounts
6,000
Sales returns and allowances
16,500
Cost of goods sold
195,000
Sales salaries expense
32,500
Depreciation expense - store equipment
11,000
Depreciation expense - office equipment
7,500
Office supplies expense
1,300
Interest expense
600
Totals
$524,700
$524,700
3. A company made the following merchandise purchases and sales during the month of May:
May 1
Purchased
380 units at
$15 each
May 5
Purchased
270 units at
$17 each
May 10
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
May 20
Purchased
300 units at
$22 each
May 25
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
There was no beginning inventory. If the company uses the LIFO periodic inventory method, what would be the cost of the ending inventory?
4. A company made the following merchandise purchases and sales during the month of May:
May 1
Purchased
380 units at
$15 each
May 5
Purchased
270 units at
$17 each
May 10
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
May 20
Purchased
300 units at
$22 each
May 25
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
There was no beginning inventory. If the company uses the FIFO periodic inventory method, what would be the cost of the ending inventory?
5. Flaxco purchases inventory from overseas and incurs the following costs: the cost of the merchandise is $50,000, credit terms are 2/10, n/30 that apply only to the $50,000; FOB shipping point freight charges are $1,500; insurance during transit is $500; and import duties .
More Related Content
Similar to What the Outline Should Look LikeFor the subculture paper outl.docx
Introduction to Comparative Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well .... Introduction To Comparative Politics Essay. Comparative Politics Introductory notes. Comparative Politics summary - StudeerSnel. Comparative Politics - Traditional Approaches - These methods can be .... INTL 204 INTRODUCTION TO COMPARATIVE POLITICS. Essentials Of Comparative Politics by Patrick H O'Neil - American Book .... Comparative Politics - Free Essay Example | PapersOwl.com. Guide for Comparative Politics. Introduction to Comparative Politics. (PDF) The Future of Comparative Politics is its Past. Essentials of Comparative Politics (Sixth Edition) eBook - Shopbooknow.
Remember you have two things due on the same day1. Prelimi.docxdebishakespeare
Remember you have two things due on the same day:
1. Preliminary Topic:
· Just below the title, you should state your preliminary research topic. This may be one sentence long, or it may be a full paragraph. Regardless, it should be focused and clear. You only need one page; you only have one topic. Make sure that you include at least one issue of substance that pertains to your subculture. Remember to include a title for your paper.
Several examples for you to view: You only need ONE!
Example 1:
Your name
Instructor Linda Rogers
English 130: Section ___
Preliminary Topic and Annotated Bibliography
Due Date
Gays and Lesbians in the Ghettoes
There has been a conflict between those gays who have wanted to celebrate and emphasize the very things that make them different and those who want to be absorbed into mainstream culture. The establishment of the gay ghettos can be perceived as doing either or both of these things.
Example 2:
Your name
Instructor Linda Rogers
English 130: Section ___
Preliminary Topic and Annotated Bibliography
Due Date
Women Bodybuilders
The women bodybuilding subculture illustrates an image of domination over personal domain. Women bodybuilders create a spectacle with the collapsing of gender roles as seen in their exaggerated musculature and hyper-feminine mode of dress. The contradictory appearance reveals an underlying struggle between sub-cultural control and hegemonic impression.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Example 3:
Your name
Instructor Linda Rogers
English 130: Section ___
Preliminary Topic and Annotated Bibliography
Due Date
Swingers in our Midst
Swingers join their subculture to satisfy not only a life of normality but their desires to be with others sexually and not live a life of monogamy. The increased rates of HIV/AIDS and other STDs has dramatically affected the swinger subculture.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Annotated Bibliography:
· Below the preliminary research topic, I expect a list of at least five sources (I recommend 6-10 sources, if possible). Each entry should be listed in MLA format.
· Immediately following each entry, there should be a brief synopsis of the source. Each synopsis should be roughly 50-100 words long.
· This entry should do five things:
· list the entry using MLA format
· provide an authority assessment: list the background and affiliations of the author(s)
· summarize the source
· assess its authenticity and reliability
· reflect on how it will fit into your research paper
· Your annotated bibliography, like your final research essay, should contain a mixture of sources: books, periodicals, websites, interviews, sound recordings, etc. Whenever possible, you should use the most authoritative sources available.
More Samples of Annotated Entries, for a Paper ...
Running Head INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION1INTERCULTURAL .docxjeanettehully
Running Head: INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
1
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
4
Reflection of chapter 4
(The environmental context)
For this reflection, the concept that I have picked is from The Environmental Context in chapter 4. The specific concept that the paper will discuss is the concept of the cultural preference for privacy. This is a concept that explains that different cultures have different preferences for privacy both online and offline. The preference of privacy ranges from solitude to isolation to intimacy with friends or with the family to anonymity and finally reserves. The level of preference that a culture has forms the basis upon which certain policies are set, how people socialize and the basis of deciding how to structure their houses and living spaces.
I have had an experience with this concept especially in regard to the preference for privacy on the online space. Some time back in a group of very diverse individual, a topic was raised about the numerous censoring and limitation that is done on the web in China. In the group, there was one Chinese individual who tried to explain that it works well for them and their country. However, most the other individuals in the group including myself who come from a culture where there is a lot of freedom on the internet where individuals can access anything and post anything, they like were against the whole concept of internet censoring.
We went round and round telling the Chinese individuals how the government was denying them a right to freedom and how much more they were missing on the internet because of being locked out by the government. No matter how much he tried to explain how that worked well for their society, none of us were hearing any of it because we were all convinced that what their government does is wrong. Surprisingly at the end of the whole discussion and debate, the Chinese individual seemed very unmoved by our many opinions and was still okay with this approach the government had decided to take to monitor activities on their web. From this experience, however, I ended up feeling like we had gone on an on to impose our views and criticisms without giving ourselves a chance to listen and understand the point of view of the one person who felt that such policies were okay for their country.
If I knew then what I know now that is the concepts of this course in regard to the fact that different cultures have different preferences of privacy the experience for me would be very different. This is because I would have made contributions to the discussion from a point of a lot more understanding rather than just imposing my opinion like what everyone else did. I would have been able to see and understand the point of view of the Chinese fellow in the group when he said that what they have worked for them and consequently be more accommodative of the fact we all do not have to be the same and that our needs are not their needs.
The communication or the ...
Essay OneEnglish 102Due Assignment With the expansion o.docxSALU18
Essay One
English 102
Due:
Assignment: With the expansion of cable television and the internet, what once was considered taboo and mysterious is now projected routinely for the world to examine. One can now discover the inner workings of a subculture with a first person point of view. Using this overabundance information, select a youth subculture that you find off-putting and unnatural. This aversion to a subculture can be for various reasons—whether moral or religious, rooted in some aversion to that subculture’s appearance or demeanor, or for some other reason.
How is this subculture viewed? How should this subculture be viewed (i.e. pop culture and contemporary culture, and media representations vs. reality)? Your personal opinion of your selected subculture may not change, but the assignment needs to be approached with an open mind and a willingness to understand what you consider abnormal.
Requirements:
*Minimum four-page paper
*MLA formatted
*5 sources
* 1 primary
* 2 secondary sources (one scholarly and one nonfiction book)
* 1 creative or media source
* 1 additional reliable source of your choose
Note: an interview can be a primary source, and due to the witness/journalistic nature of the assignment, consider interviewing people with any attachments to your chosen subculture.
* Paper to be turned in as a hard copy on due date.
*All rough draft material, as stated in class, will need to be
turned in alongside the final draft on the due date.
Essay Two
English 102
Due:
Assignment: What is a significant change within your chosen subculture? Did a new trend in society help to promote this change? Did all members of the subculture make the change or did some stay true to the original beliefs? How did the change occur? How did this change affect the subculture? Subcultures rarely stay static, and during an era of over-information, it is very likely your selected subculture has changed frequently.
Pick the most interesting change to you, or the most dynamic of changes. How was the change set in motion? What did the change alter about the subculture?
Requirements:
*Minimum four-page typed paper
*Proper MLA format
*5 sources
*2 primary,
*3 secondary scholarly sources
*Paper will be turned in as a physical copy on the due date, and also uploaded via Moodle. Sources will also be turned in via Moodle.
Essay Three
English 102
Due:
Assignment: Write an essay focusing on a controversial topic about your selected subculture. Why do people find this topic so disturbing? Is it something that can be adapted to become acceptable?
Or, a possibly different approach: write an argument regarding a controversial topic within your subculture and support its validity.
Requirements:
*Minimum four-page typed paper
*Proper MLA format
*5 sources
*2 primary
*3 secondary scholarly sources
*Paper will be turned in as a physical copy on the due date
*Two copies will be turned in: one in MLA format, and the second
...
Marvelous How To Write An Essay About A Book ~ Thatsnotus. 005 Essay Example Idhow To Write A Book ~ Thatsnotus. Write a short essay on Importance of Reading Books | Essay writing .... Essay On Books And Reading. Writing about a book in an essay Kingston. 018 008759196 1 Essay Example Books And ~ Thatsnotus. Essay Book Pdf. How To Write A Book Title In An Essay Mla Format : How to write a book .... Essay on Book Reading - Value & Importance For Students. Book Essay Writing: Prompts on Good Topic and Free Examples. How to Write a Book Analysis Paper | Books | Essays. 007 Books And Reading Essay Example ~ Thatsnotus. 010 Essay Example Bunch Ideas Of Book Review Best Dissertation Writing .... Literary Essay - Teaching to the Test-Taker. 011 The Book Essay Preview0 ~ Thatsnotus. Essay On Books | Books Essay In English | Essay - YouTube. Rare The Book Essay ~ Thatsnotus. 016 Myhobby28129 Books And Reading Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Book analysis - mfacourses887.web.fc2.com. Essay on Books for Students & Children | Long & Short Books Essays.
Hegemony, Marxism and Stereotype TheoryKirstie Stark
This document discusses several key theories related to stereotypes and representation in media:
1. Richard Dyer's theory from 1979 that stereotypes reduce groups to a few exaggerated characteristics and are used to portray social power dynamics.
2. Tessa Perkins' revised view that stereotypes are shorthand not inherently problematic, and audiences wrongly assume they apply to all group members.
3. An assignment asking students to analyze stereotypes in media like TV shows and ads based on these theories, considering how stereotypes are constructed and their potential effects on audiences.
Character Analysis: Romulus My Father Essay Example | StudyHippo.com. Belonging Essay 'Romulus My Father', 'the Lost Thing' and 'the Catcher .... Romulus My Father Belonging Essay | English (Advanced) - Year 12 HSC .... Essay on romulus my father belonging - lawwustl.web.fc2.com. Romulus my father identity essay titles. The Father Essay - Romulus my father essay relationships in the bible .... Belonging Essay-Romulus, my father & Memories | English (Advanced .... VCE Romulus, My Father - Study Map. 'Romulus My Father' essay | English (Advanced) - Year 11 HSC | Thinkswap. Romulus My Father Essay | English (Standard) - Year 12 HSC | Thinkswap. romulus my father essay. Romulus My Father Memoir Essay. Romulus, My Father - Activities for Chapters 7-13 | Teaching Resources. Romulus My Father Essay | PDF. Romulus my father belonging essay about myself. Romulus, My Father & Gattaca Belonging Essay | English (Advanced .... Romulus My Father Note and Quotes for HSC Essays | English (Standard .... Romulus My Father | Father essay, Romulus, Jack movie. Romulus, My Father by John Rizk. Romulus, My Father by Raimond Gaita | Romulus, Father essay, Father book. Romulus my father essay belonging to a group. Year 12 HSC Band 6 (Area of study essay) - Romulus My Father | English .... Romulus, My Father Essay | English (Standard) - Year 12 HSC | Thinkswap. Belonging Essay - Romulus, My Father | English (Advanced) - Year 12 HSC .... Romulus My Father Essay – Telegraph. Essay romulus my father quotes belonging. ROMULUS MY FATHER (SSRC) | SSRC. Buy Book - TOP NOTES (VCE) ROMULUS, MY FATHER | Lilydale Books. Romulus My Father Notes Summary Example - PHDessay.com. English 'Romulus my Father' Yearly Examination Essay | English .... Buy Book - TOP NOTES ROMULUS, MY FATHER | Lilydale Books. AOS Belonging Essay Romulus + 2 Related Texts | Year 12 HSC - English ... Romulus My Father Essay
The passage discusses the history of the death penalty in the United States and argues that it should be illegal. It notes that the death penalty was incorporated from British culture beginning in 1608 with executions in Jamestown. The passage argues against the death penalty and implies it should be abolished, as the topic has been debated since its inception.
The document discusses how mountain bikes, unlike road bikes, have chunkier tires and a more upright riding position suited for off-road terrain, allowing riders to enjoy scenic views while exercising. It notes that carbon fiber bike components provide consistency for mountain biking. The summary concludes that mountain biking is a fun way for courageous riders to challenge themselves on exciting trails while connecting with nature.
Lesson 2 RACISM as a Literary Theory - Copy.pptxBejayCastaneto
This document provides an overview of racism as a literary theory known as critical race theory (CRT). It discusses CRT as an approach for examining how race and racism are portrayed in cultural works and why this approach is useful. The key tenets of CRT are also summarized, including that racism is difficult to address, often advances the interests of white elites, race is a social construct, different groups face changing racialization over time, and minority experiences provide unique perspectives. Examples are given throughout to illustrate these concepts.
This document provides guidance on developing effective thesis statements. It defines what a thesis statement is, its key components, and strategies for writing one. Some common errors to avoid are discussed, such as having a thesis that is a question or too broad. Examples of strong and weak thesis statements are provided for different types of essays. The document emphasizes that a good thesis states your topic, opinion/assertion, and any supporting reasons or evidence in a clear, specific, and unambiguous way. It should not be vague, contain unnecessary elements, or simply state a fact.
The document outlines a 5-step process for requesting and receiving writing help from HelpWriting.net, including registering an account, submitting an order form with instructions and deadline, reviewing writer bids and choosing one, placing a deposit to start the work, and reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed paper if satisfied. The site promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work, aiming to fully meet customer needs.
This document outlines the steps to request and complete an assignment writing request on the HelpWriting.net website. It involves registering for an account, completing an order form with instructions and deadlines, reviewing writer bids and qualifications, placing a deposit to start the assignment, reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed work, and utilizing free revisions if needed to ensure satisfaction. The website promises original, high-quality content and refunds for plagiarized work.
3G Short Essay. Online assignment writing service.Jessica Adams
The document outlines a 5-step process for requesting and receiving writing help from HelpWriting.net, including registering an account, submitting an order form with instructions and deadline, reviewing writer bids and choosing one, placing a deposit to start the work, and reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed paper if satisfied. The service offers revisions and refunds for plagiarized work, aiming to fully meet customer needs.
3G Short Essay. Online assignment writing service.Leslie Thomas
The document outlines a 5-step process for requesting and receiving writing help from HelpWriting.net, including registering an account, submitting an order form with instructions and deadline, reviewing writer bids and choosing one, placing a deposit to start the work, and reviewing and authorizing payment for the completed paper if satisfied. It also notes the site offers free revisions and stands by its promise of original, high-quality content or a full refund.
quot;Airframequot;by Michael Crichton Free Essay Example. Michael Crichton Essays. The Science of Michael Crichton: The Science Behind His Fictional Worlds. Michael Crichton Free Essays Examples amp; Find Books by Michael Crichton. Michael crichton. Conversations with Michael Crichton University Press of Mississippi. Write Life Series: Michael Crichton. Interview with Michael Crichton by Michael Crichton - Speech - Audible.com. PPT - Michael Crichton PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:513755. 9 Surpising Michael Crichton Facts Book Analysis. Michael crichton essay on global warming. Michael crichton sphere chapters - halfpsado. Michael Crichton - Turner Classic Movies. When author Michael Crichton studied literature at Harvard, he thought .... Why You Should Read: Michael Crichton - Geek Vibes Nation. Complete List of Michael Crichton Books by Year. Michael Crichton. Commentary: Novelist Michael Crichton and His Warnings about the .... Michael Crichton Biography, Books and Facts. Best Michael Crichton Books List of Popular Michael Crichton Books .... Michael Crichton Books In Order - How To Read Michael Crichtons Books?. The Great Michael Crichton Re-Read Announcement - YouTube. Michael Crichton Sold for 135 RR Auction. Michael Crichton Filmes, Biografia e Listas na MUBI. Example of michael crichtons prey literature review - 649 Words Essay .... Free Essays and Term Papers For Students: Genetic Engineering and .... Michael Crichton Pseudonym: Writers Secret Life While In Med School .... Michael Crichton - the complete overview of published works. 88 Michael Crichtons 1999 Prescient, Unheeded Advice to the Science ... Michael Crichton Essays Michael Crichton Essays
This document provides instructions for a WebQuest assignment on John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. Students will be divided into groups and assigned roles such as biographer, geographer, historian, and philosopher. They will conduct research on topics related to Steinbeck, the Great Depression setting of the novel, and themes in the book. Individual students will write assignments from their roles' perspectives. Groups will then create a presentation on whether the book should still be taught given its language. The document outlines the tasks, process, evaluation standards, and online resources for students to use for the assignment.
Essay On World Peace And Nonviolence. Online assignment writing service.Brittany Avila
This document discusses the importance of geographic literacy. It defines geographic literacy as understanding human and natural systems, geographic reasoning, and systematic decision making. It notes that geography teaches awareness of global issues and how to understand and solve conflicts. While geography is being reduced in schools, it is an important subject for all citizens to know as everyone's decisions cumulatively impact the world. A geographically literate student understands that the world is interconnected and human actions have long-lasting environmental effects.
Running Head GLOBALIZATION1GLOBALIZATION5.docxcowinhelen
Running Head: GLOBALIZATION 1
GLOBALIZATION 5
Globalization
Name: Rodney Wheeler
Institution: Rasmussen College
Course: G380/AMH3304 Section 01 Visions of America Since 1945
Date: 02/02/18
What is globalization, and in what ways has the Internet served as a vehicle for it?
Globalization can be defined as the way through which firms or other organizations develop international ties and begin to function on an international level as opposed to simply operating within the national level. It means that firms begin targeting even customers from other countries across the globe, hiring employees from other countries and, open branches in other countries.
The internet has been very useful in fostering globalization. Through the internet, there is easier communication among people across the globe as emails, social media and other forms of formal communication can be used. The internet has also made it easy to market as websites are used to foster international marketing through use of websites, emails and through the social media. Therefore, the internet has been a key driver towards encouraging and promoting globalization through easier communication, increased socialization and through increased marketing efforts.
What cultural values do the site you chose reflect?
The site explains that one common culture, that is the global culture, will be one culture to be used worldwide, and this is because of globalization. There is the likelihood of losing individual beliefs of every country and instead, having one broad culture that accommodates everyone. The main challenge with this is that the cultural swift is towards the western way of thinking and of doing things and therefore, various communities are likely to lose their solidarity and the world will become one in terms of global culture. The internet, cable televisions and generally the international entertainment are nowadays geared towards supporting the western thoughts of capitalism and this is likely to create one common culture comprising mostly of western ideas. For instance, with time, English will dominate all other languages.
What political values are reflected?
There is a change in the political systems. For instance, in the past, every country used to conduct its own political affairs without concern about those of others. The main issues involved protection of human rights, caring for the economy and provision of security to the citizens. However, with the changes in ecological systems such as global warming, globalization has forced nations to be more united to act together as one through global politics. Since there are issues such as global warming, political issues and decisions of every country count towards promoting or not supporting global warming and thus the need for a single integrated global economy. Through the European Union, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization and the World Bank, international politics are shaped towards the same direction ...
Similar to What the Outline Should Look LikeFor the subculture paper outl.docx (20)
With regards to this article, I agree and disagree on certain leve.docxalanfhall8953
With regards to this article, I agree and disagree on certain levels pertaining to racism in video games. I have been playing video games since the Nintendo days and I have noticed many stereotypes in video games that Evan has pointed out. Although Evan feels that all black characters are subject to stereotypes, there are bunches of game characters that I believe are not under this category and are in fact very ambitious characters. For example, Lee Everett from the Walking Dead: Season 1 game, Captain Anderson from the Mass Effect Trilogy, Franklin from Grand Theft Auto V and Sgt. Johnson from the Halo series. The problem I have with Evan's critique is the fact that he is judging black characters based on how they act and look, something that society does to members of the visible minority in the real world. Majority of the characters that are in question may seem stereotypical at first but if you delve deeper into their character you start to realize that there is depth behind that person rather than just big muscles and a loud mouth. In my opinion, whenever I play a video game I can care less what the race of my character is and I look more towards their development as a character and the story that it is telling. Many "gamers" share this same opinion from research I have done and even in the comment section of this article. I get the notion that he is looking for a character that is "white" but the problem is whenever a black character is given the same characteristics as a white character, they are not well received and are made fun of for being "white washed". There seems to be a double standard with how black characters are portrayed and is also something that will unfortunately never be able to appease to everyone due to the fact that everyone shares a different opinion on how certain types of characters should be portrayed.
3/25/2014
1/11
The Social Construction of "Race"
As our discussions have revealed over the past few weeks, negative or stereotypical representation in media
has real consequences. Such representations not only reflect but also reinforce the marginality of minority
groups. Thus, it follows that the political empowerment of subordinate groups in society--such as women,
youth, people with disabilities, gays and lesbians, the poor--depends in part on changing the way these
groups are represented.
How can we think about the issues of representation and empowerment in relation to racial minorities? First,
we need to gain a better understanding of the social construction of racial and ethnic identity.
Ethnicity
'Ethnicity' and 'race' are linked but distinct categories. Ethnicity is a broad social category that addresses
one’s perceived membership in a larger group based on an attachment to an actual or possible homeland, its
cultural heritage, belief system, political history, language, myths, customs, manners, food, literature, sport, art
or architectural style. Ethnic affiliations are acknowledged and pa.
WIT Financial Accounting Test Chapters 5 and 6
1. From the adjusted trial balance for Worker Products Company given below, prepare a multiple-step income statement in good form.
Worker Products Company
Adjusted Trial Balance
December 31
Debit
Credit
Cash
$9,400
Accounts receivable
25,000
Merchandise inventory
36,000
Office supplies
900
Store equipment
75,000
Accumulated depreciation - store equipment
$22,000
Office equipment
60,000
Accumulated depreciation -office equipment
15,000
Accounts payable
42,000
Notes payable
10,000
F. Worker, Capital
110,700
F. Worker, Withdrawals
48,000
Sales
325,000
Sales discounts
6,000
Sales returns and allowances
16,500
Cost of goods sold
195,000
Sales salaries expense
32,500
Depreciation expense - store equipment
11,000
Depreciation expense - office equipment
7,500
Office supplies expense
1,300
Interest expense
600
Totals
$524,700
$524,700
2. From the adjusted trial balance for Worker Products Company given below, prepare the necessary closing entries.
Worker Products Company
Adjusted Trial Balance
December 31
Debit
Credit
Cash
$9,400
Accounts receivable
25,000
Merchandise inventory
36,000
Office supplies
900
Store equipment
75,000
Accumulated depreciation - store equipment
$22,000
Office equipment
60,000
Accumulated depreciation -office equipment
15,000
Accounts payable
42,000
Notes payable
10,000
F. Worker, Capital
110,700
F. Worker, Withdrawals
48,000
Sales
325,000
Sales discounts
6,000
Sales returns and allowances
16,500
Cost of goods sold
195,000
Sales salaries expense
32,500
Depreciation expense - store equipment
11,000
Depreciation expense - office equipment
7,500
Office supplies expense
1,300
Interest expense
600
Totals
$524,700
$524,700
3. A company made the following merchandise purchases and sales during the month of May:
May 1
Purchased
380 units at
$15 each
May 5
Purchased
270 units at
$17 each
May 10
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
May 20
Purchased
300 units at
$22 each
May 25
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
There was no beginning inventory. If the company uses the LIFO periodic inventory method, what would be the cost of the ending inventory?
4. A company made the following merchandise purchases and sales during the month of May:
May 1
Purchased
380 units at
$15 each
May 5
Purchased
270 units at
$17 each
May 10
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
May 20
Purchased
300 units at
$22 each
May 25
Sold
400 units at
$50 each
There was no beginning inventory. If the company uses the FIFO periodic inventory method, what would be the cost of the ending inventory?
5. Flaxco purchases inventory from overseas and incurs the following costs: the cost of the merchandise is $50,000, credit terms are 2/10, n/30 that apply only to the $50,000; FOB shipping point freight charges are $1,500; insurance during transit is $500; and import duties .
Windows Server Deployment ProposalOverviewEach student will .docxalanfhall8953
Windows Server Deployment Proposal
Overview
Each student will create a detailed, organized, unified technical solution given the scenario described below. The submission will be in a written format, with at least one diagram, and may include additional diagrams, charts or tables. The assignment is meant for students to enhance their mastery of the material and to provide a creative and realistic way in which to apply knowledge from this course.
Scenario
Worldwide Advertising, Inc. (referred to as “WAI”) has hired you as an IT consultant for implementing their Windows network infrastructure. WAI is a new advertising firm, and they are currently hiring staff, establishing two locations, and have a need to get their internal IT services configured. They do not yet have an IT staff, but when they do, the IT staff will take over all aspects of IT administration. You are required to supply WAI with a solution which describes the implementation and configuration of their core IT services. Cost is not a significant concern – WAI wishes to implement the “right” solution to fit their needs now and for the next 2-3 years.
There are several details about WAI which will have an impact on your choices:
· WAI will start with 110 employees, in the following departments:
· Executives (9 employees) – manage and run the company
· Accounts and Sales Department (15 employees) – perform market research and maintain accounts
· Creative, Media and Production Department (59 employees) – advertising
· Human Resources and Finances (17 employees) – perform HR and financial duties
· IT (10 employees) – manage IT for the company
· WAI will have two sites, one in Seattle and one in New York. Most staff will be located in Seattle, with at least 1 person from each of the departments above located in NY.
· Networking equipment is already in place for both sites. A secure tunnel (using IPSec) will be established between the two sites so that inter-site traffic will be securely tunneled over the Internet. You may make whatever other assumptions you wish about intra-and inter-site connectivity.
· Security mechanisms (e.g., firewalls, intrusion detection) will be handled separately, and there is no need to describe them.
· Some departments will want their data to remain private from other departments (e.g., Finances personnel will not want Production staff to see the company’s financial details). Your team may make assumptions about how data should be shared or kept private.
· Assumptions can be made regarding any information not included here; all assumptions should be identified, however.
Topics to Cover
Your document should cover the content presented in the course. The outline below contains recommended points to cover. You are free to add other related information.
Describe the technical and business reasons for each choice, citing other resources as appropriate.
The Windows Server 2012 operating system should be used for all aspects of the solution.
The topics inclu.
Willowbrook SchoolBackgroundWillowbrook School is a small, pri.docxalanfhall8953
Willowbrook School
Background
Willowbrook School is a small, private school in the Midwest United States. For the past 20 years, it has offered a curriculum for preschool through 6th grade. Five years ago it expanded to offer after-school care, usually referred to as after care, on premises. After care is not only offered to Willowbrook’s students, but also for students of other schools in the area.
As an independent systems analyst working as a team, you work as an IT consultant, specializing in developing IT solutions for small businesses. You have been contacted by the director, Victoria Owens, to discuss the possibility of setting up a computer system to handle some of the school’s administrative and financial tasks. She explains to you that Willowbrook is experiencing significant increases in enrollment applications for all programs. Increases in applications, coupled with increased demand for after-school care, have led to a very high workload for the administrative personnel and staff. The principal and teachers have stepped in where possible, but the demand is becoming too great. Willowbrook School is a non-profit, and is not in a position to hire another full-time administrative position, which is what the principal and director think would be needed to handle the increased workload. You agree to meet with Victoria and the principal, Kathy Gilliard next week to discuss the school and its need for an information system.
You sit down with Victoria and Kathy on Wednesday to ask them some questions to help you determine what type of information system they need. You explain to them that information systems bring computer hardware and software together with people, processes, and data to produce specific results. They are excited to tell you about their situation and what they have in mind for a computer system to help with some of the work load. To help you with planning for the information system, you ask them about what personnel they have, as well as some questions to determine what types of information each person needs to do their job.
Victoria explains her role as the executive director of the school. She administers the activities of the school in accordance with the mission, vision, and policies established by the Board of Directors. She supports the educational staff and oversees the financial, payroll, and human resources functions for the school. She also prepares all necessary reports and evaluations for the state and local school boards. Kathy says that as the principal of Willowbrook she handles the academic and curricular issues that arise, and ensures that the school meets all federal and state educational standards. Kathy and the teachers who report to her make decisions jointly about admissions and assignments to classrooms. The two kitchen staff personnel, a head cook and an assistant, also report to the principal. She also coordinates students’ bus transportation schedule. The school contracts with a local bussing co.
Wind PowerUsed For Millennia Variations in alb.docxalanfhall8953
Wind Power
Used For Millennia
Variations in albedo
Wind
The Uneven Heating of the Surface
Annual average net radiation from the Earth’s surface 1995 - 1986
Areas of heat gain and loss on Earth’s surface
Re-distribution of Excess Heat
Atmospheric Circulation on a Non-rotating
Earth
One cell in each hemisphere.
Warm air rises at the equator and moves north.
Cool air sinks at the poles and flows toward the equator.
Coriolis Effect
Coriolis Effect: tendency of a fluid (water or air) to be deflected from
its straight-line path as it moves across the Earth’s surface.
Deflection of a moving object is to the Right in the Northern
Hemisphere and Left in the Southern Hemisphere.
High Pressure
High Pressure
Low Pressure
High Pressure
Rising air
Descending air
Low Pressure
Descending Air
Rising air
Low pressure
Descending air
Atmospheric Circulation on a Rotating Earth
InterTropical Convergence Zone
(another source of wind)
Wind Generation
Turbine Blades
Inside of Wind Turbine
Size Scale of Wind Turbines
Small Scale Wind Power (Domestic systems)
Large Scale Wind Power (Grid Systems)
Wind Characteristics
Highly variable at several different timescales:
From hour to hour
Daily
Seasonally
High demand may not correspond to peak winds.
Instantaneous electrical generation and consumption must remain in
balance to maintain the grid stability.
Intermittent winds pose problem for wind power. Backup generation
capacity (fossil fuels) or energy storage (pump storage) may be
needed.
Turbine Size
Domestic size Grid size
Early Wind Farms
Limited output per turbine.
Required large numbers of turbines.
Large Scale Wind Turbines
Note bus
New Wind Turbine Designs
Learning From Nature
Humpback Whale Blade design
Potential Wind Energy Regions
Wind & Water
Ocean wind farm off Denmark
Energy Output Vs. Wind Velocity
Each potential wind farm has its own wind characteristics
Advantages of Wind Power
• No fuel consumed.
• No air pollution.
• Energy used to build a wind power plant equals the
energy produced by the plant in a few months time =
pays for itself.
• Allows for multiple land use in farming and electrical
generation.
Surprising Resistance to Wind Power
Environmental Effects
Danger to birds and bats.
Noisy (whooof, whooof)
Medical problems
Aesthetics (Cape Cod).
Danger to birds and bats
Danger to birds and bats
Birdwatchers in UK flock to see rare
bird, then watch it killed by wind turbine
Bird Friendly Compressed Air
Turbine
Perceived Wind Noise
San Gorgoino Pass, California
Near Palm Springs, popular resort
New Wind Farm Proposal
Cape Cod Wind Farm
Against
Against
Can’t Please Everybody
Artist Rendition of Proposed Cape
Cod Wind Farm
Cape Cod wind farm would not be visible for
more that 7 - 8 months a year due to haze.
Isle of Lewis, Scotland
Isle of Lewis Standing Stones
La Venta,.
winter 2013 235 CREATE A CONTRACTInstructionsI will giv.docxalanfhall8953
winter 2013 235
CREATE A CONTRACT
Instructions:
I will give you a fact scenario below that involves some college students who are having difficulty living together as roommates.
Your task will be to create a contract to solve the problems and issues that the fact pattern raises. Hint I had (sixteen) 16 issues when I did the assignment.
After you create the contract, you will then include around a two page written description about WHY you chose to design the provisions of the contract the way you did.
Your grade will be based on:
1. Whether your contract identifies and solves the problems
2. Whether your contract is realistic
a. (ie a clause that says no roommate shall ever enter the room of another roommate is not practical because what if you hear them yelling for help, or if you haven’t seen them in 14 days.) I want you to think about “loopholes” and the “what if” types of things that can go wrong.
3. Language… Really in this assignment PLEASE pay attention to the words you type because one missing word can make the contract really silly… In last year’s contracts I had someone write… A roommate can eat any food in the apartment that has their name on it… (Great give me a pen and I’ll just put my name on everything).
4. Your explanation, did you have sound reasoning for putting in something in the contract.
5. Following the LAW:… This assignment requires you to have a general understanding of what a contract is and how it works… That is, after all, what we have been studying.
a. Do not include items in your contract that are illegal or are not a contract… For example do not say if the roommate leaves the toilet seat up, they will place their hands on the toilet and have their fingers slammed 10 times by the toilet seat. (That’s not enforceable)
b. Do NOT include something like… If roommate “brion” doesn’t like the punishment he can change it to what he wants, or if I don’t want to follow this rule I don’t have to”… (It is not a contract if one person can CHOOSE to not follow something, It also not a contract when you leave punishments, requirements ect for the “future to be determined”
6. Creativity/problem solving/format of contract
a. You must follow the general format of a contract I have included after the fact scenario… Trust me I am including the sections that ALL your contracts must have for your benefit. It will make organizing it a lot easier for you.
b. You must CHOOSE to write your contract from the viewpoint of one of the four people below or as a disinterested outside party… This is critical because if you are writing the contract from the perspective of one of the people it should FAVOR that person (in a reasonable way), if you are writing as a disinterested third party (an attorney) you should try and be as fair to all as possible.
c. In your explanation tell me from what viewpoint…actually make that your first sentence.
******************************************************************
.
WinEst As 1. Es2. Tassignment stInfo (Esti.docxalanfhall8953
WinEst As
1. Es
2. Ta
ssignment
stInfo (Estim
a. Name
b. Due:
c. Estima
d. Start
e. Estima
f. Rate
i.
ii.
ake Off (Ite
mate Inform
e: Driveway
1 month fro
ate Type: B
Date: Toda
ate Status:
Tables:
Sample L
Sample E
ems)
P
C
mation)
y Proposal
om today
udgetary
ay
Submitted
abor Rates
quipment R
Page 1 of 2
COMPU
Rates
TERS FO
Engi
OR CONS
TEC
neering Tec
Un
Colleg
STRUCTI
CHNOLO
hnology Pro
niversity of To
ge of Engine
ON
OGY
gram
oledo
eering
Page 2 of 2
3. Adding Markups
a. Add Net Markup
i. Name: Overhead and Profit
ii. Type: 15%
b. Add Sales Tax
i. Name: Sales Tax
ii. Type: 6.5%
iii. Restrict this Tax Markup to: Material
4. Print Report
a. Report 1:
i. Sheet View, set Filter to “’95 Div Details”
ii. File -> Print Preview -> Style
1. Layout: Landscape
2. Header/Footer -> Custom Header
a. Left Text (Use Field Tags…)
i. Est Info – Project Name
ii. Est Info – Start Date
iii. Est Info – Due Date
b. Center Text (Use Field Tags…)
i. Est Info – Type
ii. Est Info – Status
c. Right Text
i. Name
ii. Professor Name
iii. Class
iv. Date
b. Report 2:
i. Totals View
ii. File -> Print Preview
1. Ensure the Layout and Headers match Report 1
5. DUE: Monday, April 7, 2014 by 5:00 pm
1
Getting Started with WinEst
Sample Exercise v10.1
Professional Cost Estimating and Budgeting
Things you need to know about WinEst
Pull Down Menus & Tool Bars
There are different ways to view your toolbar in WinEst. Here are 2 examples. If you prefer large toolbar buttons,
select ‘Preferences’ from the ‘Tools’ menu option. Now select the Toolbars option from the displayed list of
preferences. To the right, under ‘Style’, change the Images to ‘Large’. Click OK.
Toolbar - Small Images with Short Text
Toolbar - Large Images with Text
WinEst has pull down menus for each of the following - File, Edit, View, Filters, Tables, Tools, Database, Reports,
Custom, Window and Help. When the mouse is clicked on one of these menu items, a list drops down and the
available commands display for that menu. Scan the menus to see the features available in the WinEst program.
Help
Help is always available. You can select the Contents command on the Help menu or press the F1 key to view
help.
2
Navigating in WinEst
WinEst has three main views. These enable you to follow a structured method for building and reviewing your
estimates. You can move from view to view at any time by clicking one of the corresponding toolbar buttons
(‘Takeoff’, ‘Sheet’ and ‘Totals’) or by making selections from the ‘View’ Menu.
Takeoff View
This view is for adding items to your estimate from the price book Database. From here you can:
• Lookup items in the database
• Perform takeoff calculations
• Assign Work Breakdown Structures (WBS) to items
• Analyze the Item takeoff audit trail
• Enter unique, “one time” items
• Add notes to it.
Wiley Plus Brief Exercise 6 –Accounting 100Brief Exercise 6-1B.docxalanfhall8953
Wiley Plus Brief Exercise 6 –Accounting 100
Brief Exercise 6-1
Brief Exercise 6-1
Farley Company identifies the following items for possible inclusion in the taking of a physical inventory.
Indicate whether each item should be "Included" or "Not Included" from the inventory taking.
(a)
Goods shipped on consignment by Farley to another company.
(b)
Goods in transit from a supplier shipped FOB destination.
(c)
Goods sold but being held for customer pickup.
(d)
Goods held on consignment from another company.
Brief Exercise 6-2
Wilbur Company has the following items:
Indicate whether each item should be "Included" or "Not Included" from the inventory taking.
(a)
Freight-In
(b)
Purchase Returns and Allowances
(c)
Purchases
(d)
Sales Discounts
(e)
Purchase Discounts
Brief Exercise 6-8
Pettit Company reports net income of $90,000 in 2014. However, ending inventory was understated $7,000.
What is the correct net income for 2014?
The correct net income for 2014
$
Warning
Don't show me this message again for the assignment
Ok
Cancel
Click if you would like to Show Work for this question:
Open Show Work
Brief Exercise 6-9 (Part Level Submission)
At December 31, 2014, the following information was available for A. Kamble Company: ending inventory $40,000, beginning inventory $60,000, cost of goods sold $270,000, and sales revenue $380,000.
Warning
Don't show me this message again for the assignment
Ok
Cancel
(a)
Calculate inventory turnover for A. Kamble Company. (Round answer to 1 decimal place, e.g. 1.5.)
Inventory turnover
times
Warning
Don't show me this message again for the assignment
Ok
Cancel
Click if you would like to Show Work for this question:
Open Show Work
Modify Show Work
Exercise 6-1
Tri-State Bank and Trust is considering giving Josef Company a loan. Before doing so, management decides that further discussions with Josef’s accountant may be desirable. One area of particular concern is the inventory account, which has a year-end balance of $297,000. Discussions with the accountant reveal the following.
1.
Josef sold goods costing $38,000 to Sorci Company, FOB shipping point, on December 28. The goods are not expected to arrive at Sorci until January 12. The goods were not included in the physical inventory because they were not in the warehouse.
2.
The physical count of the inventory did not include goods costing $95,000 that were shipped to Josef FOB destination on December 27 and were still in transit at year-end.
3.
Josef received goods costing $22,000 on January 2. The goods were shipped FOB shipping point on December 26 by Solita Co. The goods were not included in the physical count.
4.
Josef sold goods costing $35,000 to Natali Co., FOB destination, on December 30. The goods were received at Natali on January 8. They were not included in Josef's physical inventory.
5.
Josef received goods costing $44,000 on January 2 that were sh.
Winter 2011 • Morality in Education 35Workplace Bullying .docxalanfhall8953
Winter 2011 • Morality in Education 35
Workplace Bullying: Costly and
Preventable
By Terry L Wiedmer
W orkplace bullying is a pervasive practice by malicious individuals who seekpower, control,domination, and subjugation. In businesses or schools, such bullying is an inefficient
way of working that is both costly and preventable. Senior management and executives are
ultimately responsible for creating and sustaining bully-free workplaces. Workplace bullies can be
stopped if employees and employers work together to establish and enforce appropriate workplace
policies and practices. This article presents information about workplace bullying, including its
prevalence, targeted individuals, bullying behaviors, employer practices, and steps to prevent
bullying. In the end, leadership and an environment of respect provide the ultimate formula for
stopping workplace bullying.
Bullying occurs between and among people in all venues—in the home, community, and
workplace. It is a pervasive, targeted, and planned effort that can be overtly obvious or
can fly under the radar and is conducted by practiced and malicious individuals who seek
power, control, domination, and subjugation. The impacts of such actions—in terms of
finances, emotions, health, morale, and overall productivity—are destructive, and the
ramifications are limitless (Mattice, 2009). Because no one is immune from the potential of
being subjected to bullying in the workplace, this topic merits further review and analysis
(Van Dusen, 2008). :
To combat workplace bullying, often referred to as psychological harassment or
violence (Workplace Bullying Institute [WBI], 2007), employers must have a full range of
policies in place and means available to them to create and maintain a healthy workplace
culture and climate. Although they are not generally for-profit endeavors, schools and
school systems are purposeful businesses that share the same concerns and have the same
responsibility to ensure that each employee works in a respectful environment and is not
subjected to workplace bullies.
Workplace Bullying •
According to the Workforce Bullying Institute (WBI), workplace bullying is
the repeated, health-harming mistreatment of one or more persons (the targets)
by one or more perpetrators that takes one or more of the following forms: verbal
abuse; offensive conduct/behaviors (including nonverbal) which are threatening,
humiliating, or intimidating; and work interference—sabotage—which prevents
work from getting done. (Definition of Workplace Bullying, para. 1)
Bullies seek to induce harm, jeopardize one's career and job, and destroy interpersonal
relationships. The behaviors of bullies harm people and ravage profits.
36 The Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin
Prevalence of Workplace Bullying
Thirty-seven percent of U.S. workforce members report being bullied at work; this amounts
to an estimated 54 million Americans, which translates to nearly the entire population of
the states of Wash.
With the competitive advantage that Crocs’ supply chain holds, the.docxalanfhall8953
With the competitive advantage that Crocs’ supply chain holds, the company also wants to be able to sustain their customers’ satisfaction. In doing this, they must make sure that their transformation process is producing consistent output especially when new products are introduced. This can be achieved by having a solid quality control system.
With the quality control system, inspections are to take place at three critical points. The first one is before production, which involves the raw materials in Crocs’ case that would be the raw materials, or chemicals that they purchase in pellet form. This first step can be eliminated by through supplier certification. The second critical point is during the production process. Process quality control takes place, which involves statistical process control. Periodic samples are taken from a continuous production, as long as sample measurements fall within the control limit the production will continue. However, if the samples fall outside the control limits, the process is stopped and a search is made for an assignable cause. In this case, the process will use a quality control chart known as an attribute control chart. The whole purpose is to find the natural random variability in the output oppose to unnecessary variations. The company must maintain that natural random variability to be under statistical control. The last critical point is after production. Following these inspections is process capability. Process capability is assessed once the process is under statistical control. It is the ability of the process to meet or exceed customers’ specifications. Process capability is determined by using the process capability index. If the process is unable to meet the customer specifications the following step is continuous improvement in which case seven tools are used including a flow chart, check sheet, histogram, Pareto chart, cause and effect, scatter diagram and a control chart. These tools are then incorporated into an improvement approach known as Six Sigma. Six Sigma includes five steps:
1. Defining a process for improvement
2. Measuring the variables and setting goals for improvement
3. Analyzing the root causes in which case the seven tools are referred to
4. Making improvements
5. Implementing a control plan to ensure that changes are permanent
In furthering research on Crocs, it has been stated in online reviews by various customers that they have experienced defects in the seam of their shoes, cases in which their shoe had shrunk or didn’t fit at all, Crocs’ flip flops tearing apart, holes appearing in their shoes, and the smell of the shoes. These reviews are accessible to many consumers, and are capable of tainting the reputation of Crocs. Reviews such as these are important to pay attention to because it’s proof of the importance of solidifying an efficient quality control system. It is especially important when introducing new products, and the use of different materials. .
Wind power resources on the eastern U.S. continental shelf are est.docxalanfhall8953
Wind power resources on the eastern U.S. continental shelf are estimated to be over 400 GW, several times the electricity used by U.S. eastern coastal states. The first U.S. developer proposes to build 130 large (40 story tall) wind turbines in Nan- tucket Sound, just outside Massachusetts state waters. These would provide 420 MW at market prices, enough electricity for most of Cape Cod. The project is opposed by a vigorous and well-financed coalition. Polling shows local public opinion on the project almost equally divided. This article draws on semistructured interviews with residents of Cape Cod to analyze values, beliefs, and logic of supporters and oppo- nents. For example, one value found to lead to opposition is that the ocean is a special place that should be kept natural and free of human intrusion. One line of argument found to lead to support is: The war in Iraq is problematic, this war is “really” over petroleum, Cape Cod generates electricity from oil, therefore, the wind project would improve U.S. security. Based on analysis of the values and reasoning behind our interview data, we identify four issues that are relevant but not currently part of the debate.
Introduction
Recent assessments of renewable energy show that wind power has, since the turn of the century, become cost-competitive in the sites with the most favorable wind regimes (Herzog et al., 2001). Until very recently, large-scale North American wind resources were believed to exist in the Great Plains of the United States, northern Canada, and central Canada only (Grubb & Meyer, 1993). Although these huge resources are enough to meet the entire continent’s electrical needs, they are distant from the large coastal cities where electricity is primarily consumed—imposing a need for costly large-scale transmission lines (Cavallo, 1995). In just the last couple of years, it has been recog- nized that the Atlantic Ocean also has a large wind resource on the continental shelf, close to East Coast cities. Three or four manufacturers have developed large wind elec- tric turbines designed to be placed offshore, in waters up to 20–30 m in depth. To date these have been placed only in European waters. By late 2003, the resources, the tech- nology, and the economic viability had all come together in the Eastern United States, potentially allowing large-scale deployment to begin by 2005.
The furthest advanced of a handful of proposed U.S. offshore wind developments is in Nantucket Sound, off the Southern coast of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. This proposal has engendered a widespread, well-organized, well-financed, and politically potent op- position. This movement’s strength, and the apparent contradiction of such opposition coming from a population thought of as politically liberal and environmentally con- cerned, have garnered national press coverage (e.g., Burkett, 2003). A second project was proposed by the Long Island Power Authority for the southern edge of Long Island, with an .
Wilco Corporation has the following account balances at December 3.docxalanfhall8953
Wilco Corporation has the following account balances at December 31, 2012.
Common stock, $5 par value
$555,600
Treasury stock
90,720
Retained earnings
2,426,200
Paid-in capital in excess of par—common stock
1,321,900
Prepare Wilco’s December 31, 2012, stockholders’ equity section. (For preferred stock, common stock and treasury stock enter the account name only and do not provide the descriptive information provided in the question.)
WILCO CORPORATION
Stockholders’ Equity
December 31, 2012
$
:
$
Sprinkle Inc. has outstanding 10,050 shares of $10 par value common stock. On July 1, 2012, Sprinkle reacquired 107 shares at $89 per share. On September 1, Sprinkle reissued 61 shares at $90 per share. On November 1, Sprinkle reissued 46 shares at $85 per share.
Prepare Sprinkle’s journal entries to record these transactions using the cost method. (If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter 0 for the amounts. Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Date
Account Titles and Explanation
Debit
Credit
7/1/12
9/1/12
11/1/12
Graves Mining Company declared, on April 20, a dividend of $519,800, on its $5 par common stock, payable on June 1. Of this amount, $133,700 is a return of capital.
Prepare the April 20 and June 1 entries for Graves. (If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter 0 for the amounts. Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Date
Account Titles and Explanation
Debit
Credit
Apr. 20
June 1
Apr. 20 Retained Earnings = ($519,800 – $133,700) = $386,100
Abernathy Corporation was organized on January 1, 2012. It is authorized to issue 10,290 shares of 8%, $65 par value preferred stock, and 544,000 shares of no-par common stock with a stated value of $2 per share. The following stock transactions were completed during the first year.
Jan. 10
Issued 80,330 shares of common stock for cash at $6 per share.
Mar. 1
Issued 5,670 shares of preferred stock for cash at $113 per share.
Apr. 1
Issued 24,730 shares of common stock for land. The asking price of the land was $90,540; the fair value of the land was $80,330.
May 1
Issued 80,330 shares of common stock for cash at $9 per share.
Aug. 1
Issued 10,290 shares of common stock to attorneys in payment of their bill of $50,620 for services rendered in helping the company organize.
Sept. 1
Issued 10,290 shares of common stock for cash at $11 per share.
Nov. 1
Issued 1,940 shares of preferred stock for cash at $115 per share.
Prepare the journal entries to record the above transactions. (If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter 0 for the amounts. Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Date
Account Titles and Explanation
Debit
Credit
Jan. 10
M.
Wilson Majee Technology Diffusion, S-Curve, and Innovation.docxalanfhall8953
Wilson Majee
Technology Diffusion, S-Curve, and Innovation-Decision Process
In this week's reflection report I will discuss technology diffusion, S-Curves and innovation
decision process. I will use the healthcare industry as an example. Our healthcare system is ever
evolving - new technologies, insurance models, and information systems are shaping the system
on a daily basis. Despites these changes and the huge healthcare expenditures (16 of GDP in
America compared to 8 in United Kingdom), Americans are comparatively not any healthier
than citizens in most other developed nations (Merson, Black, & Mills, 2012). The disconnect
between investments in technology and health outcomes is a concern of us all. It makes as
question technology diffusion within the healthcare system: are investments in health system
being spent efficiently? Are consumers really resistant to changes that benefit their health? Or
are there issues with technology diffusion as a practice.
Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is spread through a population. Ironically,
people and institutions, generally, do not like change. Change is viewed as painful, difficult and
times creating uncertainties. Because of this, and for the healthcare industry, huge amounts of
resources are devoted either to promoting innovations (for example, selling the latest drug,
imaging system, medical device etc.) or to preventing innovations from disrupting the status quo.
Although many successful healthcare innovations are aimed at making people healthier, at
relatively smaller increases in costs, IT usage in healthcare has always lagged other industries -
ERH are a good example. Adoption of ERH was slow. Literature on technology diffusion states
that successful implementation is influenced by the compatibility and complexity of the
innovation, organizational context, and the characteristics of the implementation strategy (Cain
M, & Mittman, 2002; Rogers, 1995). People respond to these factors differently resulting in an
S-shaped curve illustration of the adoption process.
The S-curve model shows that any innovation is first adopted by a few people/organizations and
as more use it, and confidence is built around the technology, other will begin to use it. Because
of the inherent uncertainty to new innovations, the decision to adopt an innovation takes time.
However, "once the diffusion reaches a level of critical mass, it proceeds rapidly. Eventually a
point is reached where the population is less likely to adopt the innovation, and spread slows
down. The S-curve implies a hierarchy of adopters, starting with innovators, early adopters, early
majority, late majority and laggards (Rogers, 1995). In other words the S-curve explains the
innovation-decision process: the process through which an individual/organization passes
through from when they gain knowledge of an innovation, to forming an attitude, to the decision
to accept or reject the innovation, .
This document discusses the design and implementation of WinARM, a simulator for the ARM processor written in C. WinARM uses a fetch-decode-execute model to simulate the ARM architecture. It includes a Visual Basic GUI to allow users to observe the simulation. The goal of WinARM is to facilitate learning computer architecture through hands-on simulation of an ARM processor, without requiring actual hardware. Future work may include simulating additional ARM instruction types and incorporating instruction pipelining.
William PennWhat religion was William PennWilliam Pen was fr.docxalanfhall8953
William Penn
What religion was William Penn?
William Pen was from an Anglican family that was very distinguished. His father was Sir William Pen who was a landowner. At twenty two, Penn decided to join the Quakers which was also referred to as the Religious Society of Friends. The Quakers used to obey the inner light and they believed that the inner light came directly from God. They refused to take their hats off or even bow for any man. They also refused to take their arms up. Their beliefs were completely different as compared to the beliefs that the other Christians had (Barbour & Frost, 1988).
The Oxford University in England expelled Penn in the year 1662 since he refused to conform to the teachings of the Anglican Church. He could publicly state his beliefs and he could also print some of the things that he believed in.
Quakers’ founder was George Foxx who was a close friend to Penn. Cromwell’s death was a time of turmoil to the Quakers since they were suspected for the death. They were suspected because they had beliefs that differed from the religion that had been imposed for the state. They had also refused to swear a loyalty oath to Cromwell, who was the king. Quakers did not swear since Christ had commanded people not to swear.
The religious views that Penn had were a distress to his father. Naval service had helped him earn an Ireland estate and he had always hoped that the intelligence and charisma that his son had could help him in winning favor at the Charles II court. However, that could not happen since his son was always arrested. Penn and George Foxx were frequent companions since they could always travel together in order to spread their ministry. He also wrote a comprehension that was detailed and comprehensive regarding Quakerism. After the death of his father in 1670, Penn inherited the estates of the family and he could frequently visit the court of King Charles II where he was always campaigning for freedom in religion (Penn, 1794).
Where was William Penn born?
William Penn was born in London, United Kingdom. He was born on fourteenth of October in the year 1644. He was a privileged son since he was born by a gentleman who was a land owner. Thomas Loe, who was a Quaker minister, greatly affected Penn by his teachings.
In 1677 a group of important men all from Penn’s religion received a land area in the Colonies for them to settle. Penn himself remained in England but wrote a government for this new community. In what part of the US was this land area located?
In the year 1677, the Quakers relocated to another land. The city of Burlington is located in the Burlington County in New Jersey. It is Philadelphia’s suburb. The Quakers settlers moved to Burlington. Burlington served as West Jersey’s capital until the year 1702. The Quakers were able to formally establish their congregation in the year 1678. Initially, they could meet in private homes. However, between 1683 and 1687, a hexagonal house that was made .
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/pecb/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PECBInternational/
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
What the Outline Should Look LikeFor the subculture paper outl.docx
1. What the Outline Should Look Like
For the subculture paper outline, you will use a proper heading
and MLA 2009 format and employ a topic outline, with short
phrases and citations.
The parts of an outline are typically labeled using this order:
I. Main idea
A. Subtopic
1. Detail of subtopic
2. Another detail
a. Related idea about the detail
b. Another related idea
(1) Supporting fact or related matter
(2) Perhaps another supporting fact
(a) Micro-detail
(b) Another micro-detail
B. Second subtopic
1. Detail of second subtopic
2. Another detail
a. Supporting information for this second detail
b. Added supporting information related to second detail
In general, you may find that you will have different amounts of
details for some topics and subtopics than for others. That is
acceptable; just seek to keep your descriptions in balance, not
overemphasizing some topics at the expense of others.
When you have a part I, there should be at least a part II, and
possibly a part III.
When you have an A, there should also be at least a B, and so
on. Usually no element should occur singly; when one
supporting point is listed, there should be at least one more at
that level.
Below is a possible rough outline for the subculture paper:
Introduction with thesis, then:
I. Who or what is the subculture?
2. II. What is the history/background?
III. What are the core beliefs/practices/ideals? What do they do
together? Subculture-specific language/jargon/uniform/dress?
IV. What do others think about them?
V. What are current issues, problems, or concerns that are
affecting the subculture now?
VI. How do social media and media come into play for this
subculture? How are they represented/misrepresented in the
media? How do they use social media for recruitment? What
are the key blogs/websites? How are they portrayed in pop
culture?
VII. What is the subculture’s presence on campus? In Chico?
Northern California?
Also keep in mind: Who are the role models in this subculture?
Famous members of this subculture? Former members?
(Eventually your conclusion…)
OUTLINE/GUIDELINES FOR THE PAPER:
Make sure your outline is VERY detailed - as if I have never
heard of this subculture before! Since you’ll be writing about
your own experience and understanding of this subculture, as
well as describing the culture from others’ perspectives, you
need to use both a first person and third person voice
throughout the paper.
On the outline you will include facts, data, details, and
citations. Consider this a working draft, just without the
complete sentences.
Throughout the outline/paper, include information from your
interview with your subculture informant, expert, and/or
scholar.
Here are some more details you can use to structure your paper:
III. Core Beliefs/Practices/Ideals:
· Describe some of the worldviews, beliefs, values, attitudes,
etc. shared by members of this subculture. Consider whether
they share a common way of thinking, philosophy, ideology,
religion, etc. (e.g. superstitions, discrimination, common
goals…).
3. Cultural Rules:
· Discuss several examples of this group’s cultural rules, and
possible unwritten rules (this might be harder to uncover, as
unwritten rules are those which people don’t readily recognize).
· Describe some of the status differences that exist in this
subculture, or examples of stratification.
· Discuss any gender-related issues present in this community.
Communication:
· Consider whether this subculture uses specialized
terminology, codes, jargon or slang that is unique to this group.
If so, provide several examples with a brief description of each.
http://www.elcamino.edu/faculty/mwaters/Anth%202/anth2.ethn
ography.html
Interesting Links to Explore
(Keep in mind that not all of these fit the requirements for the
paper for this class. We have different guidelines for the topic
itself and we are using 2009 MLA.)
A sample with great details on organizing a subculture paper:
http://www.socresonline.org.uk/14/1/2.html
Punk:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/45419101/Making-Sense-of-Punk-
Subcultures-in-the-Neoliberal-United-States
Prison:
http://sociologyindex.com/prison_subculture.htm
Goths:
http://www.gothicsubculture.com/copyright.php
Rave culture in Lithuania:
http://www.anthrobase.com/Txt/S/Sliavaite_K_01.htm
Surfers:
4. http://www.lajollasurf.org/srf_thes.html
Graffiti culture:
http://www.graffiti.org/faq/werwath/werwath.html
Rave-- Technoshamanism:
http://www.as.uky.edu/academics/departments_programs/Anthro
pology/Anthropology/FacultyResearch/Faculty/ScottHutson/Doc
uments/Hutson%20Pop.%20Music%20and%20Society%201999.
pdf
Sample outline starting on the next page:
Student Bernard (make sure to have a running head/page
numbers)
Linda Rogers
ENGL 130I-Section ___
Outline for Paper 2
27 Month 2013
BDSM, Not So Crazy After All
BDSM is a very taboo subject. Mainly because of its content
and people tend to associate it with violence. BDSM stands for
bondage, discipline/dominance, submission/sadism, masochism.
It is a type of sexual encounter that many people favor.
However, BDSM is viewed in a negative light and many people
think that those who participate in this activity have some type
of psychological disorder. In reality, it is a way of life that
people identify with. This community is no more inclined to
psychological disorders than the general public.
Who or what is the BDSM subculture?
1. According to Pamela Connolly, an expert in sexuality, states
that “BDSM is a collective term that refers to erotic behaviors
involving bondage and discipline, dominance and submission,
sadism and masochism, and/or slave and master relationships”
(Connolly 80).
2. Their sexual interests lie in this type of relationship.
3. There is a dominant partner and a submissive partner. These
5. partners generally keep the same roles, with about 4% that
switch roles (Stiles 164).
4. According to Freeman, who works at University of
California, Davis, “sadomasochism is a sexually ‘minor’
practice, an erotic dialectic between two or more people, that
ostensibly focuses on the ritualized exchange of power” (35).
What is the history/background?
1. BDSM can be traced back to Ancient Greece.
2. Marquis de Sade wrote about S/M in his fictional writings
during the 18th century in France.
a. According to Sade, “S/M also shuttles (or plays at shuttling)
between the modern time of the French Revolution and the non-
(or pre-+ modern time of the ancient régime” (Freeman 35).
b. Sade reinvented sex during a revolutionary time.
What are the core beliefs/practices/ideals? What do they do
together?
1. BDSM is practiced when both partners are consensual about
the arrangements.
2. There is generally one dominant (Dom) and one submissive
(Sub) partner in the relationship.
3. Each role is often played by the same partner.
a. Stiles found in her study that only 4% of participants
switched roles (164).
What do others think about them?
1. This group is largely misrepresented.
2. There is much stigma behind this subculture.
a. “The stigma results from cultural evaluations or labeling of
BDSM as deviant” (Stiles 159).
b. The general public is not accepting or knowledgeable about
this lifestyle.
c. Many people see it as an act of violence.
d. It is also seen as something that people with psychological
disorders do, which is completely false.
e. Many people associate BDSM as a result of post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD).
f. People also think that being a part of this subculture is a
6. result from childhood abuse.
3. This stigma leads to secrecy and concealment of this
lifestyle.
a. Stigma is “an attribute that is deeply discrediting to an
individual” so many people go through much struggle to try and
conceal this part of their life from others (Stiles 159).
b. They do not wish to feel the judgments that many people
entail about this lifestyle, so they hide it.
4. Many people think that BDSM is just about the dominant
partner or feeling pain.
a. It is about the sexual activities that a person finds attractive.
i. That includes the way someone feels when they dominate
another person, or the way a person feels when they are
dominated.
b. Some people are attracted to the idea of pushing their limits
sexually and painfully, but they enjoy the feelings of the actions
and do not considerate as harmful.
What are current issues, problems, or concerns that are affecting
the subculture now?
1. The current main issues affecting the BDSM subculture are
the general misunderstandings about this lifestyle.
a. Many people view it as a result of past trauma, but it is really
just a way of life that many people prefer.
b. They also see people of this lifestyle of having psychological
disorders, when in fact, people of this subculture are no more
subject to psychological disorders than the general public
(Connolly).
How do social media and media come into play for this
subculture?
1. This subculture has been in the media a lot more in the past
couple of years.
2. There have been a few popular songs that talk about engaging
in the BDSM lifestyle.
a. Rihanna’s “S&M” and Lady Gaga’s song “Teeth”.
3. BDSM has also been prevalent in literature.
a. The first being seen in Marquis de Sade’s novels in the mid-
7. 18th century.
b. The most popular and has been the center of much attention
in the media recently is E L James’ series 50 Shades of Grey.
i. This series depicts a BDSM relationship.
c. The Story of O by Pauline Réage is a central work in BDSM
literature.
4. BDSM also has a very big following on the internet.
a. There are many social media websites and blogs that are
devoted to the BDSM lifestyle.
b. This is a place where members of this community can talk
and interact.
c. They are also able to meet other members of this community
and find relationships this way.
d. There is a huge cyber-support system for this subculture.
i. Reddit has a very large BDSM community, as well as
BlogSpot.
What is the subculture’s presence on campus? In Chico?
Northern California?
1. There is a big prevalence of the BDSM subculture in
Northern California, specifically the Bay Area and San
Francisco.
2. People are more “out” about this lifestyle in areas that have
higher queer populations and are socially more accepting of
taboos.
Also keep in mind: Who are the role models in this subculture?
Any famous members of this subculture?
1. The most famous members of this subculture stem from E L
James’ novels 50 Shades of Grey.
a. This book was on the New York Bestsellers list and has been
a hot topic in the media because no other bestsellers have been
about a subject that is this racy.
b. This book is how many people know about the BDSM
subculture.
c. As a result, BDSM is being more accepted by the general
public because more people can understand the practices and
functioning of these types of relationships.
8. BDSM is a subculture that is taboo and carries much stigma
with it. In the past it was seen a sick way of sexual affection. In
reality, it is a lifestyle that many people choose because they
are sexually attracted to these types of sanctions. BDSM used to
be a psychological disorder, but it has been discovered that
people who associate with this lifestyle have the same amounts
of psychological disorders as the general public. More light is
starting to be shed on this subculture and the stigma is being
lifted and the general public is warming to this topic. Hopefully
within the next few years people of the BDSM subculture will
not have to fear judgment for their lifestyle and will be accepted
and not have to live secret and concealing lives.
Works Cited
Browne, Kath, and Jason Lim, and Gavin Brown. Geographies
of Sexualities: Theory, Practices, and Politics. Burlington:
Ashgate. 2007. Print.
Connolly, Pamela. “Psychological Functioning of
Bondage/Domination/Sado-Masochism (BDSM) Practicioners.”
Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality 18.1 (2006). 79-120.
Web. 27 June 2013.
Freeman, Elizabeth. “Turn the Beat Around: Sadomasochism,
Temporality, History.” Differences: A Journal of Feminist
Cultural Studies. 19.1 (2008): 33-70. Web. 27 June 2013.
Stiles, Beverly, and Robert Clark. “BDSM: a Subcultural
Analysis of Sacrifices and Delights.” Deviant Behavior 32.2
(2011): 158-189. Web. 27 June 2013.
Stockwell, Fawna, Diana Walker, and John Eshleman.
“Measures of Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward
Mainstream and BDSM Sexual Terms Using the IRAP and
Questionnaire with BDSM/Fetish and Student Participants.”
Psychological Record 60.2 (2010): 307-324. Web. 27 June 2013.
Don’t Call Me ‘‘Biker Chick’’: Women Motorcyclists
9. Redefining Deviant Identity
William E. Thompson
Texas A&M University–Commerce, Commerce, Texas, USA
The majority of literature on women who participate in the
world of motorcycling focuses on females
associated with outlaw motorcycle clubs and hardcore bikers.
Roles for those women tended to be
subservient and demeaning. Women are the fastest growing
segment in today’s contemporary world
of middle- and upper-middle-class motorcycling, where they
fulfill more meaningful roles whether
they are passengers or riders of their own bikes. This
descriptive exploratory study utilizes a
symbolic interaction framework to analyze approximately four
years of participant observation
and ethnographic interviews with some of these women.
Findings indicate that female motorcyclists
manipulate several meaningful symbols in order to redefine
what has largely been viewed as a devi-
ant identity. Riding motorcycles is what they do, not who they
are. Women who ride feel a sense of
freedom, excitement, and empowerment as they maintain their
femininity while participating in what
10. has traditionally been viewed as a masculine endeavor.
Ask any American to name three or four famous motorcyclists,
and there is a good chance
they will mention Tom Cruise, Jay Leno, Evel Knievel, Gary
Busey, or perhaps Malcolm
Forbes. If they are movie buffs, they may be more likely to
name Marlon Brando, Steve
McQueen, Peter Fonda, or maybe John Travolta or Nicholas
Cage. All of these high profile
men are associated with riding motorcycles either in films or in
real life. Ask any American
to name even one famous female motorcycle rider, however, and
there is a good chance you will
get a blank stare and a shrug of the shoulders (Boslaugh 2006).
Despite their long-term connec-
tion to the world of motorcycling, women generally are not
associated with the two-wheeled
subculture except in the most stereotypical roles. As one author
noted, ‘‘Although times have
changed with more and more people taking up riding—including
women—one thing that has
remained implicit in motorcycling is the association it has with
masculinity’’ (Ilyasova
2006:6). Female motorcyclists seem acutely ‘‘aware of social
stereotypes that have depicted
11. them as ‘social outlaws,’ ‘gender traitors’ or ‘sexual deviants’
’’ (Roster 2007:454).
This descriptive study focuses on today’s middle- and upper-
middle-class female riders who
are part of what some call the ‘‘new biker subculture’’
(Thompson 2009), but might be more
accurately described as the contemporary motorcycling
subculture or perhaps, even motorcycle
scene, although sociologically speaking, the term subculture is
appropriate. This study does not
Received 29 April 2010; accepted 31 August 2010.
Address correspondence to William E. Thompson, P.O. Box
3011, Commerce, TX 75428-3011, USA. E-mail:
[email protected]
Deviant Behavior, 33: 58–71, 2012
Copyright # Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
ISSN: 0163-9625 print / 1521-0456 online
DOI: 10.1080/01639625.2010.548292
include women who are in any way affiliated with one-percenter
1
clubs or their members, or
otherwise associated with what is often viewed as the hardcore
12. biker subculture. Despite decades
of feminist progress in larger society, some females still play
subordinate roles in today’s motor-
cycle subculture, although not nearly as degrading as those
described in the studies on outlaw
bikers. Other women, however, are essentially full-fledged
members of the motorcycling subcul-
ture, either routinely riding as passengers (referred to as two-
uppers in this study) or riding their
own motorcycles (female riders). This exploratory descriptive
study focuses on these two
categories of women with emphasis on those women who ride
their own motorcycles.
WOMEN IN THE ‘‘BIKER’’ SUBCULTURE
The so-called ‘‘brotherhood’’ of bikers has always included
women (Thompson, 2009). In tra-
ditional biker culture, especially in one-percenter outlaw
motorcycle gangs, the role of women
was clearly defined: although equally tough as the men, the
equality stopped there. They were
considered property to be used (for sexual and servant
purposes), traded, and given or thrown
away at the biker’s discretion (Thompson 1967; Watson 1980;
Hopper and Moore 1990).
Watson’s (1980:42) research found women to be viewed with
13. contempt by most outlaw bikers
and regarded as ‘‘necessary nuisances.’’ He concluded that the
women generally were just as
tough as the male bikers and usually referred to themselves as
‘‘old ladies.’’
James Quinn (1987; 2001; Quinn and Koch 2003) rode with an
outlaw motorcycle club and
conducted research on several others. He identified three
distinct roles for women in the biker
subculture: mamas, sweetbutts, and old ladies. Mamas were at
the bottom of the food chain
in biker clubs. They were considered to be the property of the
club and in exchange for shelter,
protection, and transportation, were expected to serve any and
all members’ needs— sexual and
otherwise. Sweetbutts were generally younger than mamas, and
were more likely to provide reg-
ular sexual services to only one, or in some cases a few
members, while providing a source of
income to both him=them and the club—usually through topless
dancing, prostitution, and=or
drugs. An old lady was the exclusive property of one club
member—her old man. She might
still be expected to provide a source of income to the club
through dancing or prostitution,
but all members understood that she was ‘‘off limits’’ to
everybody except her old man, unless
14. he decided to trade her off or sell her services.
Other studies on women in outlaw motorcycle clubs confirmed
the same or similar roles as
described by Quinn, with a few minor differences and
modifications. Some clubs also had
sheep—young women brought in by new initiates as a ‘‘gift to
the club’’ (Hopper and Moore
1990). These young women, often strippers and=or prostitutes,
were offered to all the members
of the club during initiation, and many of them became
sweetbutts after initiation. Betsy Guisto
(1997) offered a unique look at women in the one-percenter
subculture as she conducted an
ethnography and wrote a doctoral dissertation on the subject
while serving as an old lady to
1
After a 1947 fight between two rival motorcycle gangs at a rally
in Hollister, California, the American Motorcyclist
Association declared that 99 percent of motorcyclists were law-
abiding citizens and that only 1 percent were outlaws.
From that time on, hardcore bikers, especially members of
motorcycle clubs like the Hell’s Angels, Bandidos, Outlaws,
Pagans, and others began referring to themselves as ‘‘one-
percenters.’’ Many of the so-called one-percenters embrace the
outlaw moniker and image, whereas others contend that they are
not ‘‘outlaws,’’ but are simply committed to riding
15. motorcycles as a ‘‘brotherhood’’ and lifestyle as opposed to just
a weekend activity.
WOMEN MOTORCYCLISTS REDEFINING DEVIANT
IDENTITY 59
an outlaw motorcyclist for approximately 20 years. Clearly,
there is one consistency in all the
studies of women in the outlaw biker subculture: females play a
subordinate and usually subser-
vient role, or as one author put it, they are ‘‘leather-clad
sexualized accessories’’ (Boslaugh
2006:1).
Arthur Veno and Edward Winterhalder (2009) explore the
‘‘magnetic attraction of women to
bad boys and motorcycles’’ in their book Biker Chicks with that
subtitle. Although their research
provides the added dimension of interviews with women in the
biker subculture (actually allow-
ing some of them to write their own story), it still focuses on
women in and around the hardcore
outlaw biker subculture, somewhat ignoring middle- and upper-
middle-class women who ride
motorcycles.
16. WOMEN IN THE CONTEMPORARY MOTORCYCLE
SUBCULTURE
Much less research has been conducted on women in today’s
contemporary motorcycle sub-
culture. Despite the fact that women have ridden motorcycles
since they were invented, they
have always comprised a small minority of riders. Today,
however, women are the fastest
growing segment among motorcycle riders, and depending on
the data source, comprise some-
where between 10–12 percent of all riders and perhaps as high
as 20 percent of purchasers of
new motorcycles and over half of all participants in motorcycle
safety courses (Knol 2010;
Womenriders 2010).
Since the 1980s women have increasingly participated in male-
dominated leisure activities
including rock climbing, mountain biking, cross-country skiing,
white water rafting, skydiving,
scuba diving, and motorcycling (Martin et al. 2006; Roster
2007). When women participate in
these traditionally male-dominated and macho-oriented
activities, they not only face all the
physical challenges and risks as men, but they also encounter
17. the social risks that accompany
violation of cultural norms, gender role expectations and
prevailing stereotypes (Roster 2007).
Contemporary women who ride differ dramatically from the
women depicted in the hardcore
biker subculture, and may even constitute an emerging social
movement (Meyer 2009). This
study looks at women in the contemporary motorcycle
subculture and pursues the research ques-
tions: who are these women, what roles are available to them,
why do they ride, and how do they
manage the deviance and potential stigma associated with
motorcycling?
THEORETICAL ORIENTATION, METHODS, AND DATA
Couched within a symbolic interaction framework, data for this
study are derived from approxi-
mately four years of participant observation and information
derived from ethnographic inter-
views with over 200 male and female motorcyclists. The data on
women motorcyclists was
attained through in-depth interviews with 23 female motorcycle
riders ranging in age from 26
to 64 years. Interviews were conducted with another 24 women
(19 to 72 years of age) who par-
18. ticipate in today’s motorcycling subculture as passengers who
ride with their boyfriends or
husbands, and in one case, her female partner, but do not ride
motorcycles solo. All but one
of the 47 women were white; the only exception described
herself as ‘‘Texican,’’ indicating
Hispanic=Latina identity. Two were college students; all but
four of the rest were college grad-
uates. The majority of both groups of women were between the
ages of 30 and 60 with an
60 W. E. THOMPSON
estimated mean age in the early to mid 40 s.
2
An interview schedule was developed and followed
as a general guideline to insure that all women were asked the
same standardized set of ques-
tions.
3
Consistent with long established ethnographic interviewing
techniques, all interviews
were conducted in a conversational manner, and like any
meaningful ethnographic study, ques-
tions were added, modified, and=or deleted as individual
circumstances dictated (Spradley
19. 1979). The author interviewed each of the women in this study.
Following the general guidelines
of ‘‘team’’ field research discussed by Douglass (1976), the
author’s wife, who often rides as a
passenger, and daughter, who rides her own motorcycle, were
present for some of the interviews
and even occasionally assisted in interviewing some of the
women. This was especially helpful
in situations where it was awkward for the author to approach a
female rider, or when women
riders seemed somewhat reluctant to ‘‘open up’’ to a male but
were more comfortable talking to
another women, or in cases where the author wanted to double-
check the reliability or validity of
some of the responses.
4
The author carried a small spiral notebook and pen or pencil,
and when alone or unobserved
by other riders made as detailed fieldnotes as possible. In
keeping with longstanding accepted
qualitative research practices, no tape recorders, electronic
devices, or other obtrusive measures
were used (Webb et al. 1966; Berg 2009). Where direct quotes
are used, the author tried to use
20. the words of the interviewees verbatim, but admittedly had to
rely on memory to some extent.
Care was taken, however, not to significantly paraphrase or in
any way alter the substance or
meaning of quotes from participants. If there was a discrepancy
in recalling conversations
and the author’s notes, the information was omitted from the
study. Similarly, in interviews wit-
nessed or conducted by the author’s wife or daughter, if there
were any disagreements about
answers, comments, or other information, the data were not
used. In order to ascertain a larger
number of opinions on one particular issue, sexism in the
motorcycle subculture, an online poll
was used, and is duly noted where those data are cited.
A variety of female roles can be found in the contemporary
world of motorcycling, some
of which parallel the roles afforded women in the hardcore
biker subculture, especially at large
rallies such as Sturgis, Daytona, Fayetteville, Austin, and
others. Still other roles fulfilled by
women, such as bikini-clad bike washers, wet t-shirt
contestants, and ‘‘biker babes’’ who serve
beer or act as models for various vendors, are also subservient
21. and somewhat demeaning. Never-
theless, in the contemporary motorcycle subculture, more and
more women participate in
meaningful roles that violate many gender stereotypes and
challenge dominant gender roles.
2
The women participants were not directly asked their age, but
some voluntarily disclosed that information. Age also
was determined in some cases by asking how long somebody
had been riding and then asking when they started—a more
subtle way to ask their age without them realizing it. In other
cases age was ‘‘guesstimated’’ by appearance, number of
years of riding experience, age of spouse or boyfriend, or other
related information.
3
Interview schedule available from the author on request.
4
The author’s daughter minored in sociology and has been
formally trained in sociological research methods.
Although the author’s wife has not had any formal training in
research methods, she has conducted ethnographic inter-
views several times over the past 30 years as part of various
research projects and has become a very skilled interviewer.
The presence of the author’s wife or daughter during some of
the interviews proved invaluable in several ways: making it
22. easier for the author to approach a woman at a motorcycle rally
(which can potentially be intimidating or even danger-
ous); contributing to making the interviewees more comfortable;
and checking reliability and validity of responses and
accurate recording of field notes.
WOMEN MOTORCYCLISTS REDEFINING DEVIANT
IDENTITY 61
To paraphrase a popular advertising slogan, contemporary
women who ride ‘‘two-up’’ or ride
their own motorcycles today are not ‘‘your father’s ‘biker
chicks.’ ’’
TWO-UPPERS
Today’s motorcycle subculture includes a number of wives and
girlfriends who ride two-up with
their husbands or boyfriends (or, in some cases, girlfriends).
Women who ride on the backs of
motorcycles are special people. As a motorcycle rider, the
author is very uncomfortable riding as
a passenger on the back of a motorcycle and a number of other
riders have told the author they
feel the same way. Maybe it is about being in control, perhaps it
is a matter of trust, or maybe
23. those who have ridden motorcycles are more acutely aware of
the inherent risks involved in
being a passenger on a motorcycle. Another factor may be that
men find riding on the back
of a motorcycling somewhat emasculating. Whatever the
reasons, riding on the back of a motor-
cycle requires a tremendous amount of trust, devotion, courage,
and submission. Still, it would
not be wise to refer to these women as riding in the ‘‘bitch
seat’’ as hardcore male bikers often
call it. Riding a motorcycle is dangerous. As a rider, you must
be constantly alert and vigilant,
watching for debris on the roadway, animals, people, and
vehicles that might dart into your path,
articles being thrown from vehicles or blowing out of the backs
of trucks, and the biggest threat:
cars and trucks whose drivers either do not see you or do not
respect that you have as much right
to be on the road as do they. Riding on the back of a motorcycle
can be even more dangerous.
5
The two-upper faces all the same risks as the rider, but
additionally, must rely solely on the rid-
ing skills and the judgment of the person sitting in front of her
to keep her from harm. The
24. author’s wife’s view is:
I feel totally safe riding with you. I know you’re a good rider
and I know that you are going to be
extra careful with me on the back. I totally trust you, so I can
just sit back, relax, and enjoy the ride.
The author’s daughter expresses a similar sentiment, saying that
despite the fact that she would
rather be riding her own motorcycle, she has no reluctance to
ride behind her father. She is less
comfortable as a passenger, however, and is extremely
uncomfortable riding behind other
people. On several occasions she has said, ‘‘You are my father
and I have total trust in you.’’
She knows the author would never take any unnecessary chances
with her aboard. Interviews
with other two-uppers indicate similar feelings. One woman in
her early 70s who has ridden with
her 78-year-old husband for over 50 years, may have said it
best: ‘‘He ain’t killed me yet.’’
Later, in a more serious tone, she said,
We started riding when we were just kids in our 20s. I didn’t
know any women that rode motorcycles
then, and I had no interest in riding on the front of one or riding
by myself. It just seemed natural to
25. climb on behind . . . [her husband’s name] and just hang on. If I
trusted him enough to marry him,
I trusted him enough to ride a motorcycle with him.
Perhaps one of the more interesting and grim comments about
riding two-up as a couple came
from a young wife and mother in her early 30s who said,
5
Only 3 percent of motorcycle drivers killed in 2009 crashes
were women, while 91 percent of passengers who died
were women (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety 2009).
62 W. E. THOMPSON
I used to ride on the back all the time, but since the children
came along I’m not too big on it any-
more. We bought me my own bike and we prefer riding
separately. We figure it is less likely for both
of us to be critically injured on separate bikes. Of course, if one
of us gets hurt badly, the other one
will have to store their [sic] bike until the kids grow up.
As Martin and associates (2006:181) note, ‘‘the move from
pillion seat to the front seat of
a motorcycle results in a quantum leap in status for a woman in
a biker subculture.’’ Moreover,
26. Roster’s (2007) research indicates that this increase in status is
accompanied not only by
increased feelings of freedom and exhilaration, but also a sense
of empowerment. Findings
from this study are consistent with both of those studies’
assertions. As one woman revealed
to the author,
I used to think riding on the back of a motorcycle was one of
the coolest feelings a person could
have. Then I moved up to the front seat. Wow! What a
difference! The wind in my face . . . I can
see everything, and I’m actually in control of the bike. Me.
What a feeling!
FEMALE RIDERS
In the distant past, women often took the handlebars of
motorcycles, but since the 1950s and
‘60 s have primarily ridden on the backs of motorcycles driven
by men. Today’s contemporary
motorcycle subculture, however, includes a large number of
women who own and ride their own
motorcycles. As previously noted, women have been riding
motorcycles for a very long time but
the number of female motorcyclists has always been relatively
small compared to that of male
27. riders (Pierson 1998). In 1998, a little less than half a million
women, or approximately 9 percent
of all riders were included among the 5.7 million motorcyclists
(Williams 1998), but five years
later, that percentage increased to approximately 10 percent—
635,000 women out of 6.6 million
riders—and in 2007, estimates put female riders at
approximately 10–12 percent (Motorcycle
Industry Council 2007; Box 2007). 2010 estimates mirrored that
same 10–12 percent estimate
(Knol 2010; Womenriders 2010). An unscientific online poll
conducted in 2009 as part of this
study discovered that out of 225 respondents, only 16 (7.1
percent) were female, but it is difficult
to conclude whether that figure is an accurate reflection of the
percentage of women who ride, or
merely more reflective of those who participate in the particular
online forum in which the poll
was conducted. As with male riders, the median age for female
riders has increased over the past
decades (approximately 42 years of age); nearly 60 percent of
women riders are married, 28 per-
cent have college or post-graduate degrees, and 35 percent are
in professional or technical
jobs=careers (Box 2007; Womenriders 2010). These
28. demographics are very consistent with
those of the women in this research study, with the exception
that a larger percentage of women
in this study were college educated.
Despite the increasing number of women riders, today’s
motorcycle subculture is still a
male-dominated and somewhat macho domain. When the author
was looking at motorcycles
for purchase after a 30þ year hiatus, salesmen6 chided him
when he looked at 750cc
motorcycles (the largest motorcycle Honda made when the
author had last ridden). They
6
Although women work in motorcycle dealerships processing
sales agreements, titles, and arranging insurance, and
perhaps in some regions of the country as sales people, the
author has never encountered a female motorcycle
salesperson.
WOMEN MOTORCYCLISTS REDEFINING DEVIANT
IDENTITY 63
remarked that the 750s were good ‘‘girls’ bikes’’ or ‘‘good
bikes for the little lady,’’ but if the
author wanted a ‘‘man’s starter bike,’’ he needed to look at the
1100cc, 1300cc, or even larger
29. models. At a Harley dealership when asking about a new
Sportster, which is usually considered
an ‘‘entry-level’’ bike, the salesman asked, ‘‘You interested in
the woman’s version (883) or the
men’s model (1200)?’’
Nevertheless, the sexism that permeates the motorcycle
subculture has not dissuaded women
from being full participants. A fairly typical female rider told
me,
I used to only ride on the back of my husband’s motorcycle, I
guess because I grew up always hear-
ing that riding motorcycles was for men only. But I never could
understand the male-only thing—
guess it was just the way I look at things. I enjoy riding my own
bike and love to see other women
riding.
Most women in today’s motorcycle subculture are very
confident and independent, and as one
woman rider commented to me, ‘‘I can tolerate a lot of the
macho nonsense that goes on at these
events, because I love the whole motorcycle experience, but
‘‘Don’t call me ‘biker chick.’ ’’
Another female rider probably in her late 50s or early 60s
responded to my wife’s question
30. as to whether she considered herself a ‘‘biker,’’
I don’t know what I am—biker, motorcyclist, or whatever. As
far as I’m concerned I’m just a wife and
grandmother who rides motorcycles. I’ll say this though, I’m
not a ‘‘chick,’’ or anybody’s ‘‘old lady.’’
Another female rider told the author, ‘‘I don’t consider myself a
‘biker’—I’m a 30-year-old
school teacher who happens to ride a motorcycle.’’ Perhaps
these two responses, and several simi-
lar ones from other women riders provide valuable insight into
the ‘‘new breed’’ of both male and
female motorcyclists. They are not posers or wannabes as so
often suggested in biker literature,
because riding a motorcycle is not a master status (Hughes and
MacGill 1952) for them. Riding
motorcycles is what they do, not who they are. Rather, like most
Americans, their strongest sense
of identity is related to their age, race, sex, family roles, and
their occupation. Consequently, rid-
ing a motorcycle is only one of many social statuses and roles
women riders fulfill. Conversely,
‘‘Biker’’ implies commitment to a lifestyle, and is much more
likely to be viewed as a master
status accompanied by role engulfment (Lemert 1951) by those
who fit into that category.
The author always asks women at rallies what they think of the
male-dominated and sexist
31. environment that permeates such events, and a typical response
can be summarized by one
woman’s response, ‘‘It’s no big deal, I’ve seen and dealt with a
lot worse.’’ Another indicated,
I’m a teacher and my husband is an architectural engineer.
Sometimes we’re both appalled at what
we see and hear at biker events, but overall, it’s a whole new
world for us, and we have met the most
interesting and nicest people on motorcycles. Maybe it’s like
everything else, you have to take the
bad with the good. For us, it’s well worth it.
Despite the oft-repeated notion of a ‘‘biker brotherhood,’’ most
women interviewed in this study
indicated that they felt comfortable and reasonably accepted
participating in a predominantly
male activity. One woman confided to the author at a rally,
I love these guys (as she gestured toward hundreds of
motorcyclists). I feel like they are my brothers,
and they treat me like I’m one of them. One thing I know for
sure, when I’m on the road, these guys
have my back.
64 W. E. THOMPSON
32. Another female rider told the author,
It’s funny, but if I’m in my car and it breaks down, I
immediately get on my cell phone and call my
husband or Triple A. I actually hope that nobody stops and
offers to help, because it scares me that
they might be up to no good. But when I ride my bike, if it
breaks down, I just wait for another biker
to ride by. I know they will always stop, and I never fear for my
safety. I just know that another biker
would never hurt me.
In order to get a larger response and perhaps wider view of the
sexism that permeates predomi-
nantly male activities like motorcycling, the author conducted
an online poll on one of the
motorcycle forums to which he belongs.
7
The poll question was placed under the heading:
‘‘For Women Riders Only,’’ and stated: ‘‘Just Curious about
how women motorcycle riders feel
about being part of a male-dominated activity. Do you feel fully
accepted as a female rider?’’
Only 47 people responded to the poll. That would not be a
disappointing number except for
33. the fact that 41 of those were men and a total of only 6 women
responded. Although that per-
centage may be fairly representative of the ratio of men to
women riders, since the poll question
was clearly addressed to ‘‘women riders only,’’ it may speak
volumes that almost 90 percent of
the respondents (87.2%) were men! Responses from men
included ‘‘I see more and more women
riding these days, and that’s fine with me.’’ Another said,
‘‘Why wouldn’t women feel
accepted?—it’s a free world, they have as much right to ride as
men do.’’ More typical responses
from men, however, reflected tolerance more than acceptance,
and hinted at sexism. For
example, ‘‘I don’t have any problem with women riding, as long
as they know what they’re
doing,’’ which implies that he believes women often may not.
Another said, ‘‘I like the fact that
more women ride, especially if they’re good looking.’’ Perhaps
the most telling response: ‘‘Who
cares if they feel accepted or not? If they choose to ride, that’s
their business, but it’s not called a
‘brotherhood’ for nothing.’’
The six women who responded all indicated that they enjoyed
riding and had never experi-
enced any serious forms of harassment, hazing, or overt
34. discrimination. Yet, each indicated that
they were very much aware that motorcycling was considered a
‘‘man’s world,’’ and that a cer-
tain amount of sexism was to be expected. One woman
responded,
Hey, I knew when I started riding that some of the men
wouldn’t like it, but who cares? It’s my bike
and I have as much right to the highways as anybody else.
Overall, I’ve not had any problems. Of
course, I usually ride with my husband, and not too many guys
are going to give me any trouble as
long as he’s around.
Another female rider indicated, ‘‘I notice there aren’t too many
women on this forum and that’s
too bad, because I know there are a lot of women out there who
ride.’’ Perhaps the most straight-
forward response and one that may represent the sentiments of
today’s modern female motor-
cycle rider more than some of the others since the final three
female respondents all indicated
7
This online poll was conducted within a forum established for
riders of one particular brand of motorcycles (Honda)
and cannot be considered either scientific or representative of
35. motorcycle riders in general. Riders of other brands of
motorcycles belong to the forum, however, and although there
may be no objective data to indicate that Honda riders
are less sexist than riders of other brands of motorcycles,
participant observation reveals that riders of Japanese and
German motorcycles seem less concerned about maintaining the
‘‘macho’’ image associated with the Harley-Davidson
subculture.
WOMEN MOTORCYCLISTS REDEFINING DEVIANT
IDENTITY 65
agreement: ‘‘Brotherhood, schmotherhood [sic], I ride a
motorcycle and love it. Most guys seem
okay with that. For the ones who aren’t—fuck ‘em!’’8
A 63-year-old woman in Texas who had ridden motorcycles
since she was 15 said she had
joined a local chapter of Women in the Wind (an organization
for women riders) several years
earlier, but did not maintain her membership, since she
preferred to ride with her husband. When
a freshman in high school, her mother taught her to ride an old
Harley-Davidson motorcycle as
well as how to change the oil, adjust the belt, and fix a flat tire.
36. She commented,
I thought it was perfectly normal for women to ride their own
bikes since my mother had ridden a
Harley all my life. I didn’t ever question it, until when I was
about 20, my boyfriend said that girls
don’t ride motorcycles—they belong on the back. I ditched him
‘cause I figured he was too
old-fashioned for me. Since then, I’ve learned that most men
feel that way. I’m not sure why. Maybe
it threatens them, seeing a woman riding, I don’t know. I heard
a comment at this very rally that
really burns me up. I overheard a woman talking to her husband
say, ‘‘Look at all the women riding
motorcycles. Why don’t you teach me to ride?’’ His response:
‘‘Honey, all them [sic] women are
lesbians.’’
Most of the women who ride their own motorcycles interviewed
in this study started out riding
two-up with their husbands or boyfriends and then made the
transition to riding alone. Only one
of the women riders was openly homosexual, but she too, had
originally started riding with a
boyfriend. The straight women seem to be simultaneously
amused and irritated by the stereotype
37. that all, or even most women bikers are gay. Although
motorcycle attire tends to be masculine in
appearance, most women riders in this study ‘‘feminized’’ their
appearance in noticeable ways.
Some wore pink leather jackets instead of the traditional black,
and one even wore pink leather
chaps. Others wore leather jackets in white, blue, or black
adorned with floral patterns, butter-
flies, and other decorations such as rhinestones or fringe that
identified them as women’s attire.
All but one of the women riders wore helmets, but only two of
those were black. Most wore
white, silver, or black helmets with colorful graphics, some
obviously chosen to match or comp-
lement the color of the motorcycle. Often, ponytails, long hair,
or various types of visible
jewelry also served to identify the riders as women. Consistent
with other research, many of
the women riders in this study seem to ‘‘go out of their way to
accessorize and feminize their
appearances in order to communicate unambiguous femininity
and heterosexuality’’ (Martin
et al. 2006:190). Even the motorcycles the women ride hint at
femininity.
38. Whereas the majority of men ride Harley-Davidson motorcycles
that have been boldly linked
to a macho image, only one woman in this study rode a Harley-
Davidson, and it was the smallest
Sportster model offered (883), and was blue in color. The other
women rode Japanese model
(metric) bikes—Hondas, Yamahas, Kawasakis, and Suzukis—in
that order. Only one of the
women rode a black motorcycle, and it had red pinstriping on
the gas tank and fenders. The other
women’s bikes were either white, silver, or red, or had two-tone
paint jobs. Most of the women’s
motorcycles in this study were between 650cc and 900cc in size,
although one woman rode an
1100cc motorcycle that was identical to her husband’s bike,
except that his was black in color
and her bike was silver with maroon trim. Although the author
has observed women riding large
8
Shortly after this response was posted, the poll was removed
from the forum by the site administrator since profanity
is forbidden. The poll had been up for over three days by this
time, however, and most posted threads ‘‘run their course’’
within 2–3 days with those who are interested usually
responding within the first 24 hours.
39. 66 W. E. THOMPSON
and powerful motorcycles of all makes and models, the majority
of women seem to ride smaller
motorcycles and be less concerned about the macho-image of
the motorcycle than their male
counterparts. Pragmatic reasons for the smaller motorcycle may
be that because it weighs less,
women believe it ‘‘fits’’ them better and is easier to control—
although most riders discover that
heavier bikes provide a much smoother ride and are much easier
to control once moving.
Symbolically, the smaller motorcycles may seem more
‘‘appropriate’’ for women riders, and
manufacturers now openly aim specific models at the emerging
female market.
WHY DO WOMEN RIDE?
Women’s motivations for riding seem very similar to those of
men. According to Veno and
Winterhalder (2009:62), ‘‘Biker chicks certainly are women
who choose to live an unconven-
tional lifestyle . . . there are attractions to the motorcycle, the
adrenaline high obtained by riding
and, for many, the sisterhood of riding motorcycles
collectively.’’ But, as one of the women in
40. this study succinctly put it, ‘‘don’t call me ‘biker chick’ ’’—a
sentiment seemingly reflective
of today’s female riders. Again, the concept of lifestyle versus a
leisure-time activity may differ-
entiate today’s contemporary motorcyclists who ride for leisure
and recreation from the hardcore
bikers, both male and female, who become engulfed in the biker
or one of the ‘‘biker chick’’ roles.
It seems that many of the same attributes that lure men into
riding are also appealing to
women riders: sense of freedom, fun, excitement, stress
reduction, and risk-taking (Thompson
2009). The women in this study over and again expressed one or
more of those motivations.
But, there seem to be additional incentives for women. As one
female rider told Veno and
Winterhalder (2009:143–144):
From my observations, it seems that women riders are of the
mindset that there’s more to life out
there and they want to experience it. It’s a sensation of freedom,
independence and, for many, rebel-
lion from the stereotypical molds women are supposed to
embrace.
The ‘‘brotherhood’’ among new bikers clearly includes women.
41. Men in this study overwhelm-
ingly indicated that they like for their wives or girlfriends to
ride with them either two-up or on
their own bikes. Although clearly in a minority, the women in
the new motorcycle subculture
seem to sense this inclusiveness. ‘‘There’s camaraderie among
cyclists that you just don’t find
with automobile drivers’’ one woman told the author. Another
echoed, ‘‘there’s definitely a
biker brotherhood and I feel like I’m part of it . . .’’ then after a
slight pause, she added, ‘‘but
there’s a sisterhood in biking like no other.’’
If the motorcycle has always represented a symbol of rebellion
for men, that is even more true
for women. ‘‘Participating in the sport of motorcycling requires
women to conquer the odds and
engage in activities that can be viewed as a form of resistance
against gender-related obstacles at
physical, social, and cultural levels’’ (Roster 2007:447). A
woman rider interviewed by Veno
and Winterhalder (2009:106) indicated that, as a baby boomer,
she grew up in an era of Leave
it to Beaver and The Donna Reed Show, and for her, ‘‘the
motorcycle is an icon of rebellion and
freedom from those traditional stifling values.’’ Women riders
in this study expressed similar
42. attitudes. ‘‘Nobody expects a woman to ride her own bike’’ one
female attorney who rides told
the author, ‘‘and I like to do the unexpected.’’ Another woman
rider told the author’s wife ‘‘I’m
62 years old, a mother and a grandmother, and I’ll be damned if
I’m going to let anybody tell me
WOMEN MOTORCYCLISTS REDEFINING DEVIANT
IDENTITY 67
I can’t ride a motorcycle if I want to.’’ Another said, ‘‘When I
moved from the back of my hus-
band’s bike to riding my own, it was like I entered another
world.’’ This and other statements are
quite consistent with previous findings that ‘‘for women who
start out as passengers on men’s
motorcycles a major motivation for riding one’s own bike can
be the desire to take more direct
control . . .’’ (Martin et al. 2006:185).
Much like discussions with male riders, the word ‘‘freedom’’
came up time and again in con-
versations about why women ride. ‘‘I’ve never felt so free,’’
said one female rider. ‘‘Riding is
freedom personified’’ said another. When asked ‘‘freedom from
what?’’ she responded, ‘‘free-
43. dom from everything . . . freedom to be me.’’ When the author
asked one woman rider her pri-
mary motivation for riding, she simply turned, lifted up her t-
shirt, and revealed a one-word
tattoo in red, white, and blue ink across her lower back that
read: FREEDOM.
The thrill and excitement of riding is also a prime motivator.
One woman indicated, ‘‘It’s the
most exhilarating thing I do.’’ ‘‘It’s a rush’’ said another.
‘‘Most fun I’ve ever had with my
clothes on’’ chimed in another female rider. When her husband
looked over at her with raised
eyebrows, she added ‘‘or off, for that matter’’ with a laugh.
Several of the women spoke of the
thrill of riding a powerful machine and feeling totally in control
of it. One woman summarized
this feeling by comparing it to driving a car.
In my car, I feel like I’m not doing much of anything. It’s so
highly technical and controlled by
computers. I don’t have any idea how anything works. It’s so
space-age. I sit in climate-controlled
comfort, push a few buttons, put on the cruise control, pop in a
CD, and talk on my cell phone. It’s
like being at home. Now, my bike is something totally different.
44. It’s a machine. I start it, I control it,
it responds to even my slightest movement. I shift the gears, I
downshift, I brake . . . . It’s exciting. I
feel the air, the dust, the dirt, and although I don’t care much
for them, even the bugs and the rain.
Riding a motorcycle makes me feel alive.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Media portrayals, stereotypical images, and hardcore outlaw
bikers have contributed to a deviant
image of motorcyclists. Women associated with motorcycling
have been portrayed even more
negatively. The increasing popularity of motorcycles and the
large number of both male and
female middle- and upper-middle-class professionals joining the
ranks of motorcycle riders have
somewhat dispelled the outlaw image. Nevertheless, women
who actively participate in the
motorcycle subculture either as passengers or riders are still
regarded as somewhat deviant by
the general public. Two-uppers who ride on the back of their
husbands’ or boyfriends’ bikes
are still somewhat conforming to traditional gender roles in that
being a passenger is a subordi-
nate role to being a rider. These women often accentuate their
45. femininity with colorful and femi-
nine attire, but try to avoid the stereotypical ‘‘look’’ of women
associated with the hardcore
biker subculture, and do nothing to imply that they are
somebody’s ‘‘property.’’ More impor-
tantly, even if outward appearances may suggest that they are
part of the hardcore biker subcul-
ture, riding on the back of a motorcycle is neither a master
status nor a substantial component of
their social or personal identity. It is just one of the things they
do.
Consistent with previous research, data from this study indicate
that most of today’s women
riders entered the motorcycle subculture riding on the back of
their boyfriends’ or husbands’
68 W. E. THOMPSON
bikes, a role more consistent with traditional gender
expectations. Many, who enjoyed riding and
participating in motorcycle-related activities, however, decided
to purchase and ride their own
motorcycles—shedding traditional gender roles for what is often
considered a masculine endea-
vor, and more appropriate for men. Consequently, women who
ride their own bikes might be
46. considered ‘‘double deviants,’’ and often attract and must deal
with a lot of unwanted attention,
even among other motorcyclists. Female motorcyclists both
consciously and subconsciously
engage in symbolically redefining a deviant identity every time
they ride. They too manipulate
meaningful symbols such as wardrobe, jewelry, and even the
types and colors of motorcycles
they ride in order to feminize their appearance yet
simultaneously express their independence.
Importantly, they are not posers or wannabes, because riding a
motorcycle is not a master status
for them. Rather, like most Americans, their strongest sense of
identity is related to their age,
race, sex, and more importantly, their occupation and other
social roles they fulfill such as wife,
mother, or grandmother. ‘‘I’m a 62-year-old mother and
grandmother who rides . . .’’ ‘‘I’m a
30-year-old school teacher who rides . . .’’ Time and again
comments suggest that riding a
motorcycle is only one of many statuses and roles occupied by
women motorcyclists. Con-
versely, ‘‘Biker’’ implies commitment to a lifestyle, and is
much more likely to be viewed as
a master status accompanied by role engulfment by those who
fit into that category. ‘‘Biker
chick’’ carries an even more negative connotation, and is hardly
47. descriptive of today’s female
motorcyclists.
Women who ride their own motorcycles indicate that they
experience an increased sense of
freedom and exhilaration when in the rider’s seat as opposed to
riding on the back. Moreover,
they experience a greater degree of control and a sense of
empowerment. Although women’s
motivations for riding are quite similar to men’s, violation of
stereotypical gender roles and
the sense of empowerment are two contributing factors unique
to women riders. A spokes-
woman for the motorcycle industry commented, ‘‘Women feel
so much more empowered today
than they did 10 years ago and motorcycling today is more
fashionable and hip than ever’’ (Box
2007:D1). Roster (2007) couched these feelings within the
liberal feminist perspective and
labeled it ‘‘Girl Power.’’ She discovered that ‘‘female riders
equated knowledge and skill train-
ing with power’’ and that riding their own motorcycles helped
women resist ‘‘gender labels’’
and ‘‘. . . embrace a whole new philosophy of femininity that
included women acting tough,
48. bold, and aggressive, and at the same time, sexy in an inclusive
way that did not define sexuality
in stereotypical heterosexual or homosexual terms’’ (Roster
2007:455; 458). None of the part-
icipants in this study used the specific term ‘‘Girl Power,’’ but
many of their comments reflect
a feeling of confidence and empowerment that embody the
general concept.
While part of motorcycle riding’s appeal to men may include
reinforcing their masculinity
through risk-taking behavior (Ling 2005; Thompson 2009),
women seem to simultaneously
express independence and empowerment while redefining their
femininity through taking those
same risks (life and limb), as well as the additional risks of
invading a ‘‘hyper-masculine’’
environment and violating traditional gender roles. Time will
tell if the number and percentage
of women riders will continue to increase, or if this trend is a
temporary phenomenon. If
women’s gains in other previously predominantly male
activities and environments (work,
sports, politics, etc.) are any indication, sociological trends and
patterns suggest the former is
49. far more likely than the latter. Future research should include
larger and more diverse samples
to see if the findings of this study can be generalized to women
who participate in today’s
contemporary motorcycle subculture.
WOMEN MOTORCYCLISTS REDEFINING DEVIANT
IDENTITY 69
Women riding motorcycles may be perceived by some as a
deviant identity, but those who
engage in the activity redefine it as a symbol of independence,
self-reliance, and both personal
and social power. By doing so, women riders not only join the
‘‘brotherhood’’ of motorcyclists,
but have created a growing ‘‘sisterhood’’ that provides role
models for girls and young women
who dare to be different.
REFERENCES
Berg, Bruce L. 2009. Qualitative Research Methods for the
Social Sciences. 7th ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Boslaugh, Sarah. 2006. ‘‘Getting Past the Stereotypes: Women
and Motorcycles in Recent Lesbian Novels.’’
International Journal of Motorcycle Studies (March):1–7.
50. Box, Terry. 2007. ‘‘Biker Chic.’’ Dallas Morning News, June
24:1D;6D.
Douglass, Jack D. 1976. Investigative Social Research. Beverly
Hills: Sage.
Guisto, Betsy. 1997. ‘‘Mi Vida Loca: An Insider Ethnography
of Outlaw Bikers in the Houston Area.’’ Unpublished
Ph.D. dissertation. University of Houston.
Hopper, Columbus B. and Johnny Moore. 1990. ‘‘Women in
Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs.’’ Journal of Contemporary
Ethnography 18(4):363–387.
Hughes, Everett C. and Helen Hughes MacGill. 1952. Where
People Meet: Racial and Ethnic Frontiers. Glencoe, IL:
Free Press.
Ilyasova, K. Alex. 2006. ‘‘Dykes on Bikes and the Regulation
of Vulgarity.’’ International Journal of Motorcycle
Studies (November):1–10.
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. 2009. Research:
Motorcycles. <http://www.iihs.org/research/qanda/
motorcycles.html>
Knol. 2010. The U.S. Motorcycle Market.
<http://knol.google.com/k/the-u-s-motorcycle-market#>
Lemert, Edwin. 1951. Social Pathology: Systematic Approach to
the Study of Sociopathic Behavior. New York:
51. McGraw-Hill.
Ling, Stephen. 2005. Edgework: The Sociology of Risk-Taking.
New York: Routledge Taylor and Francis.
Martin, Diane M., John W. Schouten, and James H.
McAlexander. 2006. ‘‘Claiming the Throttle: Multiple
Femininities
in a Hyper-Masculine Subculture.’’ Consumption, Markets and
Culture 9(September):171–205.
Meyer, Patricia. 2009. We’re Just Women Who Like to Ride: An
Ethnographic Journey on a Woman’s Motorcycle.
Unpublished dissertation. Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois
University.
Motorcycle Industry Council. 2007. Motorcycle and Scooter
Sales Climb for 14th Consecutive Year. Media release, Feb-
ruary 16. Irvine, CA.
Pierson, Melissa Holbrook. 1998. The Perfect Vehicle: What It
is About Motorcycles. New York: W. W. Norton and
Company.
Quinn, James F. 1987. ‘‘Sex Roles and Hedonism Among
Members of ‘Outlaw’ Motorcycle Clubs.’’ Deviant Behavior
8(January):47–63.
Quinn, James F. 2001. ‘‘Angels, Bandidos, Outlaws, and
Pagans: The Evolution of Organized Crime Among the Big
Four 1% Motorcycle Clubs.’’ Deviant Behavior 22(July–
52. August):379–399.
Quinn, James F. and D. Shane Koch. 2003. ‘‘The Nature of
Criminality Within One-percent Motorcycle Clubs.’’ Deviant
Behavior 24(May):281–305.
Roster, Catherine A. 2007. ‘‘ ‘Girl Power’ and Participation in
Macho Recreation: The Case of Female Harley Riders.’’
Leisure Sciences 29:443–461.
Spradley, James. 1979. The Ethnographic Interview. New York:
Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Thompson, Hunter S. 1967. Hell’s Angels: A Strange and
Terrible Saga. New York: Random House.
Thompson, William E. 2009. ‘‘Pseudo-Deviance and the ‘New
Biker’ Subculture: Hogs, Blogs, Leathers, and Lattes.’’
Deviant Behavior 30(January):89–114.
Veno, Arthur and Edward Winterhalder. 2009. Biker Chicks:
The Magnetic Attraction of Women to Bad Boys and
Motorbikes. Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
Watson, J. Mark. 1980. ‘‘Outlaw Motorcyclists: An Outgrowth
of Lower Class Cultural Concerns.’’ Deviant Behavior
2:71–76.
70 W. E. THOMPSON
Webb, Eugene J., Donald T. Campbell, Richard D. Schwartz,
and Lee Sechrest. 1966. Unobtrusive Measures:
53. Nonreactive Research in the Social Sciences. Chicago: Rand
McNally.
Williams, Lena. 1998. Do Real Women Ride Motorcycles?
440,000 Say Yes. New York Times, May 11:C1.
Womenriders. 2010. Available at
(http://motorcycles.about.com/cs/womenriders).
WILLIAM E. THOMPSON was born and raised in Tulsa,
Oklahoma, and was the first mem-
ber of his family to receive a high school diploma. He received
his bachelor’s degree from
Northeastern State University, a master’s degree from Missouri
State University, and a Ph.D.
from Oklahoma State University. Professor Thompson has
authored more than 30 articles in pro-
fessional journals, including several reprinted in sociology
textbooks and anthologies. He has
co-authored an introductory sociology textbook in its 7th
edition and a Juvenile Delinquency
textbook in its 8th edition. He also has co-edited an anthology
in Juvenile Delinquency and
is the author of The Glass House, a nonfiction account of his
mother’s 2-year battle with cancer
and the lessons about life and living learned from her death and
dying. Professor Thompson
began his college teaching career at the University of Tulsa. He
spent the next 10 years at
54. Emporia State University and is currently a professor of
sociology and criminal justice at Texas
A&M University–Commerce. Dr. Thompson has won numerous
teaching awards. For fun and
relaxation he enjoys playing the drums and riding his
motorcycle.
WOMEN MOTORCYCLISTS REDEFINING DEVIANT
IDENTITY 71
Copyright of Deviant Behavior is the property of Routledge and
its content may not be copied or emailed to
multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright
holder's express written permission. However, users
may print, download, or email articles for individual use.
BIKERS CULTURE
Austin, D. Mark, Gagne Patricia, Orend Angela.
Commodification and popular imagery of the biker in American
culture: the journal of popular culture. 2010. Vol. 43(5).
Pp.942-963
Available at:
< http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-
5931.2010.00781.x/abstract;jsessionid=85DF5164C16CCD99B6
55. A5CA951988C9FD.f04t03?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&
userIsAuthenticated=false>
The authors of this journal are writers of popular cultures. In
this article they have written about the commodification of the
biker culture in America. The bikers’ culture has an economic
aspect. This article is relevant to this topic because it addresses
the economic aspect of the bikers’ culture. The authors describe
the commodification of motorbike culture and how it is
trending. The culture has attracted investors who would wish to
benefit from motorbikes because it has become very popular in
America. This article is useful to this topic because it shows
that biker culture is varied and that one aspect of the culture is
that it has evolved and it is being used for economic purposes.
Barker, Thomas. Crimes of the Big Four Motorcycle Gangs.
Journal of criminal justice. 2009. Vol. 37(2). Pp. 174-179
Available at:
<
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeejcjust/v_3a37_3ay_3a_3ai
_3a2_3ap_3a174-179.htm>
The author of this article is a writer of criminal justice. He talks
about the main gangs in motorbike culture. There are four main
gangs in the world of the deviant group. This article is relevant
to the topic because he is able to identify two groups of
motorbike riders. The conventional and deviant groups are the
two motorbike groups. He notes that the conventional groups
are not involved in criminal activities This article is helpful to
this topic because it tries to differentiate the two groups of
motorbike riders.
Hopper, Colombus.B, Moore, Johnny. Hell on Wheels: The
outlaw motorcycle gangs. Journal of American culture.
56. Vol.6(2). 2004. Pp. 58-64
Available at:
< http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1542-
734X.1983.0602_58.x/abstract>
These two authors, writers of the American culture, write about
the motorbike culture. Their major focus is on motorbike gangs.
They describe motorbike groups and their objectives. The
authors of this article write about the outlaw motorbike gangs.
This article is relevant to this paper because the two authors
talk about the outlaw gangs in motorbike culture. They describe
in detail about these outlaw gangs. This article is helpful to
this topic because it relates motorbike culture with outlaw
gangs.