A walkthrough with code samples of some of the developer highlights found in Android 6.0/Marshmallow. - Now on Tap and the Assist API - Runtime Permission handling - App Linking - Direct Share ...and more

1. What is new in Android
Marshmallow?

2. Android 6.0
Highlights
4 Runtime Permissions
4 'Now on Tap', the Assist API and Voice
Interactions
4 App Linking
4 Direct Share
4 Auto Backup for Apps
4 Doze and App Standby
4 Fingerprint Authentication and
Confirm Credential

4. Runtime Permissions
Like the web, but different! :)
4 No blocked auto-updates!
4 User controlled!
4 Revokable
4 Simplified

5. Requesting permissions
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(thisActivity,
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(thisActivity,
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)) {
// Show dialog why permission is required.
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(thisActivity,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);
}
}

6. Handling permission request results
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS: {
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// permission was granted, yay! Do the
// contacts-related task you need to do.
} else {
// permission denied, boo! Disable the
// functionality that depends on this permission.
}
return;
}
}
}

7. Now on Tap
4 Based on the new Assist API
4 Reads meta-data from app
4 Get "smarter" over time...
4 Possible to build custom assistants!

8. Assist API - Opt-out with secure flag:
private void disableAssistant(Activity activity) {
Window window = activity.getWindow();
window.addFlag(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_SECURE);
}

9. Assistant meta-data
4 Follow accessibility guidelines!
4 Callbacks in Application and Activity classes
4 JSON-LD as defined by Schema.org
@Override
public void onProvideAssistContent(AssistContent assistContent) {
super.onProvideAssistContent(assistContent);
String structuredJson = new JSONObject()
.put("@type", "MusicRecording")
.put("@id", "https://example.com/music/recording")
.put("name", "Album Title")
.toString();
assistContent.setStructuredData(structuredJson);
}

10. Voice Interactions
4 Started with voice command? -
Activity.isVoiceInteraction()
4 Use andorid.app.VoiceInteraction for further
interactions
4 VoiceInteractor.ConfirmationRequest
4 VoiceInteractor.CommandRequest

11. App Linking - Automatic verification
<activity ...>
<intent-filter android:autoVerify="true">
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE" />
<data android:scheme="http"
android:host="www.android.com" />
<data android:scheme="https"
android:host="www.android.com" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>

12. App Linking - assetslinks.json
[{
"relation": ["delegate_permission/common.handle_all_urls"],
"target": {
"namespace": "android_app",
"package_name": "com.example",
"sha256_cert_fingerprints":
["14:6D:E9:83:C5: ... :3F:CF:44:E5"]
}
}]

13. Direct Share
4 Multiple share targets
4 Improved sharing UX

14. Direct Share - Manifest
<service android:name=".MyChooserTargetService"
android:label="@string/service_name"
android:permission="android.permission.BIND_CHOOSER_TARGET_SERVICE">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.service.chooser.ChooserTargetService" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<activity android:name=".MyShareActivity"
android:label="@string/share_activity_label">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.SEND" />
</intent-filter>
<meta-data android:name="android.service.chooser.chooser_target_service"
android:value=".MyChooserTargetService" />
</activity>

15. Implementing ChooserTargetService
public class MyChooserTargetService extends ChooserTargetService {
public List<ChooserTarget> onGetChooserTargets(ComponentName targetActivityName,
IntentFilter matchedFilter) {
Icon chooserIcon = Icon.createWithBitmap(getBitmapForTarget());
ComponentName targetActivity = new ComponentName(this, TargetActivity.class);
Bundle extras = new Bundle(); // Populate as needed
ChooserTarget target = new ChooserTarget("Title", chooserIcon,
targetActivity,
extras);
// TODO Create a list of ChooserTargets...
return chooserTargets;
}
}

16. Doze and App Standby

17. Doze restrictions
4 Network access is suspended.
4 The system ignores wake locks.
4 Standard AlarmManager alarms (including setExact() and setWindow()) are deferred to the
next maintenance window.
4 If you need to set alarms that fire while in Doze, use setAndAllowWhileIdle() or
setExactAndAllowWhileIdle().
4 Alarms set with setAlarmClock() continue to fire normally — the system exits Doze
shortly before those alarms fire.
4 The system does not perform Wi-Fi scans.
4 The system does not allow sync adapters to run.
4 The system does not allow JobScheduler to run.

18. Doze and AlarmManager
AlarmManager.setAndAllowWhileIdle() and
AlarmManager.setExactAndAllowWhileIdle()
4 Adds your app to a temporary whitelist for 10
seconds!
4 Can't run more than every 15 minutes!
4 Can be rescheduled by the system!

19. How to avoid it!
4 Let the user whitelist your app from AppStandby
PowerManager alarmManager = context.getSystemService(PowerManager.class);
if(!alarmManager.isIgnoringBatteryOptimizations(BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID)) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATION_SETTINGS);
context.startActivity(intent);
}

20. Auto Backup for Apps
4 Limited to 25 MB app data
4 Use android:fullBackupContent="@xml/
mybackupscheme" in the application tag for
configuration
<full-backup-content>
<include domain=["file" | "database" | "sharedpref" | "external" | "root"]
path="string" />
<exclude domain=["file" | "database" | "sharedpref" | "external" | "root"]
path="string" />
</full-backup-content>

21. Fingerprint
Authentication
4 Use in conjunction with Android
Keystore system
<uses-permission
android:name="android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT" />

22. Fingeprint
Authentication
FingerprintManager mgr
= context.getSystemService(FingerprintManager.class);
mgr.authenticate(...);

23. Confirm Credential
4 Invalidates a key from the Keystore after a certain
period
keyGenerator.init(new KeyGenParameterSpec.Builder(KEY_NAME,
KeyProperties.PURPOSE_ENCRYPT | KeyProperties.PURPOSE_DECRYPT)
.setBlockModes(KeyProperties.BLOCK_MODE_CBC)
.setUserAuthenticationRequired(true)
// Invalidate this key after 2 minutes inactivity...
.setUserAuthenticationValidityDurationSeconds(120)
.setEncryptionPaddings(KeyProperties.ENCRYPTION_PADDING_PKCS7)
.build());
keyGenerator.generateKey();

24. Upgrade Tips'n'Tricks
1. Bump compileSdkVersion
2. Test!
3. Bump targetSdkVersion
4. Win!

25. android {
compileSdkVersion 23
buildToolsVersion "23.0.1"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.awesomeapp"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 22
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
}

26. Apache HTTP Client Removal
4 org.apache.http is removed from the APIs
4 Still available at runtime!
4 Can be re-enabled in build.gradle:
android {
useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy'
}
4 Highly discouraged!

27. Thank you for listening!
Any questions?