The document outlines MLOps (Machine Learning Operations) as a critical discipline in data science aimed at optimizing the development, deployment, and maintenance of machine learning models. It details the stages of data science, the MLOps maturity model, and the skills required to pursue a career in this field. Ultimately, MLOps enhances the efficiency, reliability, and scalability of machine learning systems.

1. What is MLOps?🚀
Machine Learning Operations
Leonardo Moraes

2. Speaker
www.amaris.com
Leonardo Moraes
● Team Leader &
Experienced Consultant
Amaris Consulting, 2023
● PhD in Computer Science
USP, Brazil, in progress
● MSc in Computer Science
USP, Brazil, 2020
● Bachelor in Computer Science
UFMS, Brasil, 2017

3. Agenda
● How does Data Science work?
● How does MLOps support Data Science?
● How can I join this wave?

4. 1. What is Data Science?
4

5. 5
New tech world
Without realizing it, people generate data all the time
on the Internet
● Marketplaces - Site, payment method, search...
● Media player - Search, recommendations, advertisements...
in offline
● Supermarket - What do we buy, how to organize the rows…
● Payment - Debit card, credit card, PIX, TED, DOC...

6. 6
According to Gartner Research
● in 2020, an average of 44 trillion of
gigabytes (zettabytes) of data in the world
● 2.2 million terabytes generated per day
New tech world
How can we analyze it?
1. Business Specialist
2. Data Analyst
3. Data Scientist

7. 7
Example - Borrowing money
Traditional design
● If you are 25 years old or older
and have an income of R$3,000.00
● I can borrow R$ 15,000.00 to pay in 5 years
Scientific design
● Considering a risk (e.g., 5% risk),
for the bank not to lose money
● Input: Age, gender, gross salary,...
● Output: Value and financing period.

8. What is Data Science?
8
Data science is a multidisciplinary
field that uses scientific processes,
algorithms, and systems to extract
knowledge and insights from data.
by Google Bard
Logo generated by ideogram

9. 2. How does Data
Science work?
9

10. 10
Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Data Science Procedure
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.
Fayyad, U. M., et. al (1996)
Procedure executed by
● Data Scientist
● Data Engineer
● ML Engineer

11. 11
Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Data Science Procedure
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.
Fayyad, U. M., et. al (1996)
Selection
● Identification of the subset
of data that should be
considered in the process

12. 12
Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Data Science Procedure
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.
Fayyad, U. M., et. al (1996)
Preprocessing
● Data cleaning; covers any
processing about data
quality and data integrity

13. 13
Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Data Science Procedure
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.
Fayyad, U. M., et. al (1996)
Transformation
● Data aggregation,
transformation; encode
data into inputs recognized
by algorithms

14. 14
Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Data Science Procedure
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.
Fayyad, U. M., et. al (1996)
Data Mining
● Practice of analyzing large
databases in order to
generate new information
● Tasks: classification,
clustering, image
recognition, etc..

15. 15
Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Data Science Procedure
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.
Fayyad, U. M., et. al (1996)
Interpretation
● Transform identified/inferred
patterns into knowledge
● Make new knowledge
available to customers

16. 16
Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Data Science Procedure
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.
Fayyad, U. M., et. al (1996)
Data Engineer
Data Scientist
M
L
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
● Data Engineer - Prepare
and organize the data
● Data Scientist - Generate
knowledge and insights
● ML Engineer - Automation
and delivery a product

17. 3. How does MLOps
support Data Science?
17

18. 18
MLOps
In the world of data science and machine
learning, the process of developing, deploying,
and maintaining models can be complex and
challenging. MLOps, short for Machine Learning
Operations, has emerged as a crucial discipline
that aims to streamline this process and make it
more manageable, efficient, and effective.
Essential MLOps (2023),
by Data Science Horizons

19. 19
MLOps in Data Science
MLOps: Continuous delivery and
automation pipelines in machine learning
(Google, NIPS 2014 Workshop)
Challenge
● Technical debt
● High monetary risk factors
Goal
● apply DevOps principles to
ML systems (MLOps)
● automation and monitoring

20. 20
MLOps x DevOps
● CI is no longer only about testing and validating code, but
also testing and validating data, data schemas, and models.
● CT is a new property, unique to ML systems, that's concerned
with automatically retraining and serving the models.
● CD is no longer about a single software package or a service,
but an ML training pipeline that should automatically deploy
another service (model prediction service).

21. 21
MLOps Maturity Levels
MLOps: Continuous delivery and automation
pipelines in machine learning (Google)
MLOps Maturity Model with
Azure Machine Learning (Azure)
Maturity Level Training Process Release Process Technology
Level 0 - No MLOps Untracked file Manual, hand-off ● Manual builds and deployments
● Manual testing of model and application
● No tracking of model performance
Level 1 - DevOps no
MLOps
Untracked file Semi-automatized ● Automated builds
● Automated tests for application code
Level 2 - Automated
Training
Tracked, run results and
model artifacts
Automated release, code
is version controlled
● Automated model training
● Tracking of model training performance
● Model orchestration and management
Level 3 - Full MLOps
Automated Retraining
Tracked, run results and
model artifacts, retraining
set up based on metrics
Automated, CI/CD
pipeline set up, A/B testing
has been added
● Automated model training and testing
● Centralized metrics from deployed model
● Automated tests for all code

22. 22
Maturity L.0 - no MLOps
Blogpost - MLOps Maturity Model with Azure Machine Learning (Azure)

23. 23
Maturity L.1 - DevOps no MLOps
Blogpost - MLOps Maturity Model with Azure Machine Learning (Azure)

24. 24
Maturity L.2 - Automated Training
Blogpost - MLOps Maturity Model with Azure Machine Learning (Azure)

25. 25
Blogpost - MLOps Maturity Model with Azure Machine Learning (Azure)
Maturity L.3 - Full MLOps

26. 4. How can I
join this wave?
26

27. 27
1. Learn the basics of Data Science
2. High programming Skills, in Python, CI/CD, Git, Linux
Machine Learning Engineer
General
1. Build a Portfolio, like personal projects, contributions
2. Networking - Participation in Communities and Events
3. Stay updated - Lifelong Learning!
How To Become MLOps Engineer in 2024
by Asad iqbal

28. 28
MLOps challenge 🎯
Driving Innovation: Leveraging Machine Learning Platforms
by Leonardo Moraes, 2024

29. 5.
Conclusion
29

30. End!
30
MLOps: ML more efficient, reliable, and scalable.
● Observability: The ability to monitor models helps
identify degraded performance or anomalies quickly.
● Optimization: enhance the performance, efficiency,
and scalability of machine learning systems.
● Automation: allows for smooth and lower-risk
rollouts of new ML model versions.

31. Team Leader &
Experienced Consultant
Leonardo Moraes
Thank you for
your attention!