Codes and conventions in media refer to the symbolic and technical elements that construct meaning. Symbolically, there are implied meanings that are not directly visible. Technically, elements include camera shots like close-ups, editing styles that cut between footage and music, and sound elements both diegetic and non-diegetic. Music videos can be categorized by style as performance, narrative, or animated videos. Camera shots emphasize facial features or narrative details. Editing cuts freely between shots and ensures footage and music align. Mise-en-scene considers costume, props, location, and facial expressions to further construct meaning.