The document defines key concepts in artificial intelligence including intelligence, artificial intelligence, weak AI, strong AI, machine learning, and deep learning. It notes that intelligence involves higher level abilities like problem solving and decision making, while artificial intelligence involves developing computer systems that can perform tasks requiring human intelligence like visual perception. Weak AI is narrow and focused on specific situations, while strong AI would allow machines to think and act like humans by learning from experience. Machine learning gives machines the ability to learn without human programming, and deep learning uses neural networks to cluster data and make predictions by attempting to simulate the human brain.