Web programming involves writing code for websites and web applications. It includes developing web content, client-side scripting using languages like JavaScript, and server-side scripting using languages like PHP. Web development is the broader process of designing, building, and maintaining websites, and incorporates tasks like web design, content creation, coding, and security configuration. The World Wide Web was invented in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee as a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessible over the internet.