We can trace ancestry all the way back to LUCA (i.e., the last universal common ancestor, from ~3.5 billion years ago) from present-day eukaryotic algae. We dont think LUCA was an oxygenic photosynthesizer, nor do we think it was an aerobic respirer. But the algae are both of these. Three questions here: 1.) in what order (photosynthesis then respiration, or vice versa); 2.) when (+/- ~10-20% is close enough, given our current uncertainty about timing); and 3.) how did the eukaryotic algal lineage come by these two metabolic capabilities?.