Ways To Optimize Our Environmental Levy Scheme
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The document discusses implementing an environmental levy scheme on plastic shopping bags in Hong Kong. It provides background on plastic bag usage and the objectives of the levy scheme to encourage environmentally responsible behavior. It acknowledges issues with the current scheme, such as consumers avoiding the levy, and recommends a comprehensive levy scheme applied to all retailers to strengthen environmental consciousness. It also notes difficulties in administering the levy scheme and potential costs, but concludes the long-term benefits outweigh the challenges.
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HKBU POLS 7050 Environmental levy Scheme on plastic shopping bag
Hong Kong produces millions of tons of solid waste each year, including billions of plastic shopping bags. Plastic bags are not biodegradable and occupy landfill space. The government implemented an environmental levy scheme on plastic shopping bags in 2009 to encourage reuse and reduce plastic bag usage. The scheme charges retailers 50 cents for each plastic bag distributed, which they must record and remit quarterly to the government. It was later expanded in 2011 to include small and medium retailers. The levy scheme successfully created an economic incentive for consumers to switch to reusable bags and reduced plastic bag usage.
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The document discusses Hong Kong's plastic bag levy scheme. It provides background on the need to reduce landfill waste and introduces the "polluter pays" principle. In 2008, the Product Eco-responsibility Ordinance was passed, providing the legal basis for a levy on plastic shopping bags. Since implementation in 2010, the number of plastic bags distributed has reduced by 90%, showing the scheme has been successful in reducing plastic bag use. Civic engagement and public opinion generally supported the levy, though plastic bag manufacturers and retailers opposed it. Reinforcement theory explains how the levy strengthened the desired behavior of reducing plastic bag use.
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The document summarizes Hong Kong's Producer Responsibility Scheme for plastic shopping bags which introduced a 50 cent levy per bag in 2009. It discusses the background of the problem of plastic bag waste, the government proposal for a levy, and the civic engagement process. Stakeholders like citizens, Legislative Council, and environmental groups generally agreed with the levy while plastic bag manufacturers and retailers disagreed. The policymaking process involved agenda setting, formulation, implementation and evaluation over many years.
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Green supply chain management (GSCM) aims to minimize adverse environmental impacts across the supply chain from product design to disposal. It provides various benefits including lower costs, better compliance, and improved brand reputation for suppliers, producers, customers and society. While GSCM can help companies, there are also barriers to implementation like maintaining relationships and market share. Green logistics also considers environmental impacts and seeks to reduce costs, improve reliability and efficiency in a sustainable way, though this sometimes leads to paradoxes with traditional logistics priorities. Governments, markets, and companies all play a role in driving adoption of green supply chain practices.
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The green strategy
Here are 2 examples of organizations in each quadrant of the matrix given in the case:
High Social Impact, High Financial Performance:
- Starbucks: Known for ethical sourcing and environmental sustainability. Also highly profitable.
- Nestle: Committed to reducing environmental footprint while maintaining financial success.
High Social Impact, Low Financial Performance:
- Chiquita: Focused on fair trade and reducing food waste but not always financially profitable.
- Videocon: Emphasizes green products but financial performance has been mixed.
Low Social Impact, High Financial Performance:
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Ways To Optimize Our Environmental Levy Scheme
- 1. POLS 7050 Public Administration Kitty Wong Sin Ting (09422196) and Alik Lee Lik Hang (09409424) Ways to Optimize our Environmental Levy Scheme on Plastic Shopping Bags
- 4. As planned, the levy scheme will undergo another phase, so, what should be implemented?
- 7. Positive outcome from Ireland
- 12. References: Assessment of Benefits and Effects of the Plastic Shopping Bag Charging Scheme by GHK (Hong Kong) Ltd. http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/prob_solutions/files/GHK_study.pdf Environmental Levy Scheme on Plastic Shopping Bags by Environmental Protection Department http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/psb/en/index.html Plastic shopping bag levy yields positive results by Environmental Protection Department http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/200911/02/P200911020245.htm Plastic Bag : Friend or Foe? http://www.plasticbageconomics.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26&Itemid=40 Plastic Bags by Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government http://www.environ.ie/en/Environment/Waste/PlasticBags/
- 13. End