Water resources
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Water resources include fresh water sources that can be used for agricultural, industrial, household, and recreational activities. While water covers most of the Earth, only 3% is fresh water, with over two thirds frozen in glaciers and ice caps. The remaining unfrozen fresh water exists mainly as groundwater, with a small amount above ground or in the air. Though fresh water is renewable, groundwater supplies are decreasing worldwide, especially in Asia and North America, and it is unclear if usage can be balanced by natural renewal without threatening ecosystems.
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![Water resources are sources of water that are useful or potentially useful. Uses of water
include agricultural,industrial, household, recreational and environmental activities. The
majority of human uses require fresh water.
97 percent of the water on the Earth is salt water and only three percent is fresh water;
slightly over two thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps.[1]
The remaining
unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater, with only a small fraction present above
ground or in the air.[2]
Fresh water is a renewable resource, yet the world's supply of groundwater is steadily
decreasing, with depletion occurring most prominently in Asia and North America, although it
is still unclear how much natural renewal balances this usage, and whether ecosystems are
threatened.[3]
The framework for allocating water resources to water users (where such a
framework exists) is known as water rights](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/waterresources-140516051754-phpapp02/85/Water-resources-1-320.jpg)
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Three-fourths of the world is covered in water, with 96.5% existing as ocean water and only 2.5% as freshwater. 70% of freshwater is stored as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland, and mountainous regions. Less than 30% of freshwater is stored as groundwater. India receives nearly 4% of global precipitation but ranks 133rd in the world for available water per person annually. Water scarcity is caused by over-exploitation, excessive use, and unequal access among populations. Traditional water harvesting and storage methods were used in different areas of India to conserve water, such as guls, kuls, rooftop rainwater harvesting, and underground tanks.
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It includes:
1. what is a resource?
2. its types.
3. why do we need to conserve resources?
4. ways to conserve resources?
5. what is water resources?
6. Where and in what forms is water available on Earth?
7. How Can Human Actions Seriously Affect Water Resources?
8. How can the growing demand for water be met?
9. How could water resources be developed sustainably?
10. Conclusions On Water Resources
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Three-fourths of the world is covered in water, with 96.5% existing as ocean water and only 2.5% as freshwater. 70% of freshwater is stored as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland, and mountainous regions. Less than 30% of freshwater is stored as groundwater. India receives nearly 4% of global precipitation but ranks 133rd in the world for available water per person annually. Water scarcity is caused by over-exploitation, excessive use, and unequal access among populations. Traditional water harvesting and storage methods were used in different areas of India to conserve water, such as guls, kuls, rooftop rainwater harvesting, and underground tanks.
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5. what is water resources?
6. Where and in what forms is water available on Earth?
7. How Can Human Actions Seriously Affect Water Resources?
8. How can the growing demand for water be met?
9. How could water resources be developed sustainably?
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Water resources are sources of water that are useful to humans for agricultural, industrial, household, recreational and environmental activities. While fresh water makes up only 3% of the water on Earth, demand already exceeds supply in many parts of the world. As the population rises, so too does water demand, while climate change threatens to decrease available fresh water. Freshwater ecosystems are declining rapidly due to human water usage and loss of wetlands.
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1. Submergence of forest land
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Lakes play an important role in the economy of a region. Dal Lake has historically been the centre of Kashmiri civilization and has played a major role in the economy of Kashmir through its attraction of tourists as well as its utilization as a source of food and water. Preservation of world famous Dal Lake hence, is need of hour. The aim of this study is identification and monitoring of effluent discharge and to suggest strategies for prevention of water pollution of Dal Lake. A descriptive methodology utilizing observational site survey, study of relevant records and interview technique for identification and monitoring of effluent discharge taking place into Dal Lake was carried out. Accordingly, Strategies for treatment of effluents discharged are suggested for prevention of water pollution of Dal Lake. The study revealed that effluent discharge taking place into the Dal Lake pollutes its water on daily basis. Pollutants that enter in Dal Lake are sewage and sullage, agriculture runoff, detergents and soaps, soil erosion from catchment areas, animal waste, solid wastes and wastes from houseboats, hotels and business establishments. The study is unique in that it reports on important issue of environmental degradation of world famous Dal Lake. Various measures proposed for conservation of lake including afforestation and control of grazing animals in the catchment area, removal of house boats and hotels and rehabilitation of their owners and inhabitants living in and around Dal at a suitable place, removal of excess weeds on continuous basis, construction of sanitation latrines for villagers, reducing use of chemical pesticides, avoiding use of commercial fertilizers, installation of STPs, restoring “Nallah Mar” and continuous monitoring of lake environment are expected to reduce the pollution and hence, preservation of the lake.
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Of the Earth's total water, 97.5% is saltwater found in oceans. The remaining 2.5% is freshwater, with over 24 million cubic km locked up as ice or snow. An additional 10.7 million cubic km is stored underground or in soil. Freshwater lakes and marshes contain just 0.1 million cubic km, while rivers hold an even smaller 0.002 million cubic km. Most freshwater is frozen in oceans as icebergs and glaciers, and available freshwater supplies are unevenly distributed and may not match locations of human populations.
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Desertification is land degradation in dry areas caused by climate variations and human activities like overgrazing, deforestation, and agriculture. It impacts over 35% of the global land area and costs $300-600 billion annually. India has 32.7% of its land affected by desertification processes like soil erosion and loss of vegetation cover. Integrated land and water management, protecting vegetation cover, sustainable grazing/farming, and alternative livelihoods can help prevent further desertification.
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This document discusses natural water resources and their importance. It covers 5 main water resources: ponds, rivers, lakes, seas, and their significance. Ponds provide recreation and water supply. Rivers transport organisms and sediments, provide power, and form flood plains. Lakes offer recreation, water supply, habitat, and receive wastewater. Seas moderate climate, support trade/travel, and provide resources like fish. In conclusion, water resources are essential for life and mankind utilizes them for various domestic, agricultural, industrial, and recreational purposes. Their protection is important.
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This document discusses natural water resources for science teaching and learning. It covers the importance of ponds, rivers, lakes, and seas. Ponds are small bodies of fresh water that support wildlife habitat and recreation. Rivers provide transport, deposits, and power. Lakes also support habitat, recreation, water supplies, and receiving wastewater. The sea moderates climate, supports trade and mineral extraction, and is critical for food and economies. Overall, the document emphasizes that water resources are essential for life and their protection is important.
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