Water is a transparent fluid made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. It covers 71% of the Earth's surface as streams, lakes, oceans, and rain. Water can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas, with boiling points of 100°C and freezing points of 0°C indicating pure water. Impure water can be detected if it boils above 100°C or freezes below 0°C. Water is essential for life and is used everywhere everyday for purposes like bathing, cleaning, drinking, and more.