Presented by IWMI's Josiane Nikiema at the 39th WEDC (Water, Engineering and Development Centre) International Conference held in Kumasi on July 11 – 15, 2016.
SmartPoint adalah sebuah Media Pendidikan yang menyajikan materi-materi pembelajaran secara sederhana, mudah dipahami, mudah diingat dan mudah diakses.SmartPoint 100% dibuat oleh para guru dan pakar Indonesia yang kreatif, mencintai profesinya serta peduli akan kemajuan pendidikan di Indonesia dan dunia
Strategic working paper_ Villages of Coastal KenyaAmit Singh
This document provides a socio-economic analysis of households in three villages - Watamu, Mida, and Roka - located near the coast in Kenya. It analyzes the vulnerability, resources, institutions, and livelihood strategies of households in the villages. Mida Village is described in detail, including its location, households, resources, wealth ranking system, institutions, seasonal patterns of activities and resources, and market prices. The analysis was conducted to inform an alternative income generation program for communities dependent on fishing and the ocean.
This document discusses options for increasing cropping intensity in Ramanathapuram District by including short-season crops during fallow periods after rice cultivation. It recommends pulses like blackgram, greengram, and cowpea, as well as sesame and ragi as suitable intercrops. Cotton, groundnut, and green fodder crops are also proposed. The document provides details on suitable varieties and cultivation practices for different intercrops to overcome challenges like water availability and changing soil conditions. It emphasizes the benefits of intensified farming systems for improving incomes and soil health.
This document discusses the production of basalt powder through various methods. It describes how basalt powder can be used to revitalize soils and as a component in producing wear-resistant coatings. It also mentions how farmers in Santa Catarina, Brazil have improved soil management and increased livelihoods through participating in experimentation groups focused on agroecology.
Sugarcane and potato intercropping can help double farmer incomes in India. The document proposes planting sugarcane in October followed by potato intercropping. This minimizes risk and makes efficient use of resources as potato grows between the widely spaced sugarcane rows. Economic analysis shows sole sugarcane yields Rs. 97,190 income while sugarcane-potato intercropping yields Rs. 263,950, more than doubling income. Intercropping benefits include higher total yields, additional potato income, and efficient land use.
The agricultural revolution in Great Britain involved developing more productive ways of farming to produce more crops with fewer workers. Key aspects included using machinery like the seed drill and reaping machine, practicing crop rotation, selective breeding of animals, and applying manure or artificial fertilizers to maintain soil nutrients. Farm life also involved families keeping gardens and livestock like pigs for food and trade. Overall, technological innovations and improved farming practices during this period allowed farmers to significantly increase food production.
INTEGRATED APPROACH OF SWACH BHARAT ABHIYAAN & RURAL DEVELOPMENTamit maity
This document discusses an integrated approach to implementing the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) and rural development by processing waste from rural activities. Waste from vegetable markets, dairy farms, fish markets, and poultry farms can be processed to generate CNG, electricity or used as slurry fertilizer. This would help increase revenue for farmers, reduce costs, and provide additional income through use of small-scale biogas reactors and proper waste management. It aims to make villages clean and sustainable while financially benefiting farmers.
Elevated Awareness of the International Research Community and the Importance of Goats in the Food Chain
Bob Lang, P.Ag., President, Rural Routes International Ltd.
SmartPoint adalah sebuah Media Pendidikan yang menyajikan materi-materi pembelajaran secara sederhana, mudah dipahami, mudah diingat dan mudah diakses.SmartPoint 100% dibuat oleh para guru dan pakar Indonesia yang kreatif, mencintai profesinya serta peduli akan kemajuan pendidikan di Indonesia dan dunia
Strategic working paper_ Villages of Coastal KenyaAmit Singh
This document provides a socio-economic analysis of households in three villages - Watamu, Mida, and Roka - located near the coast in Kenya. It analyzes the vulnerability, resources, institutions, and livelihood strategies of households in the villages. Mida Village is described in detail, including its location, households, resources, wealth ranking system, institutions, seasonal patterns of activities and resources, and market prices. The analysis was conducted to inform an alternative income generation program for communities dependent on fishing and the ocean.
This document discusses options for increasing cropping intensity in Ramanathapuram District by including short-season crops during fallow periods after rice cultivation. It recommends pulses like blackgram, greengram, and cowpea, as well as sesame and ragi as suitable intercrops. Cotton, groundnut, and green fodder crops are also proposed. The document provides details on suitable varieties and cultivation practices for different intercrops to overcome challenges like water availability and changing soil conditions. It emphasizes the benefits of intensified farming systems for improving incomes and soil health.
This document discusses the production of basalt powder through various methods. It describes how basalt powder can be used to revitalize soils and as a component in producing wear-resistant coatings. It also mentions how farmers in Santa Catarina, Brazil have improved soil management and increased livelihoods through participating in experimentation groups focused on agroecology.
Sugarcane and potato intercropping can help double farmer incomes in India. The document proposes planting sugarcane in October followed by potato intercropping. This minimizes risk and makes efficient use of resources as potato grows between the widely spaced sugarcane rows. Economic analysis shows sole sugarcane yields Rs. 97,190 income while sugarcane-potato intercropping yields Rs. 263,950, more than doubling income. Intercropping benefits include higher total yields, additional potato income, and efficient land use.
The agricultural revolution in Great Britain involved developing more productive ways of farming to produce more crops with fewer workers. Key aspects included using machinery like the seed drill and reaping machine, practicing crop rotation, selective breeding of animals, and applying manure or artificial fertilizers to maintain soil nutrients. Farm life also involved families keeping gardens and livestock like pigs for food and trade. Overall, technological innovations and improved farming practices during this period allowed farmers to significantly increase food production.
INTEGRATED APPROACH OF SWACH BHARAT ABHIYAAN & RURAL DEVELOPMENTamit maity
This document discusses an integrated approach to implementing the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission) and rural development by processing waste from rural activities. Waste from vegetable markets, dairy farms, fish markets, and poultry farms can be processed to generate CNG, electricity or used as slurry fertilizer. This would help increase revenue for farmers, reduce costs, and provide additional income through use of small-scale biogas reactors and proper waste management. It aims to make villages clean and sustainable while financially benefiting farmers.
Elevated Awareness of the International Research Community and the Importance of Goats in the Food Chain
Bob Lang, P.Ag., President, Rural Routes International Ltd.
Presented by Presented by Jeremy Bird, Director General - IWMI, (on behalf of IWMI researcher Paul Pavelic) at the 8th Global Environment Facility (GEF) Biennial International Waters Conference (IWC-8) held in Negombo, Sri Lanka, on May 9-13, 2016.
Presented by IWMI's Davie Kadyampakeni at a national stakeholder meeting of the Feed the Future Innovation Laboratory for Small-Scale Irrigation (ILSSI) Project, held at the IWMI office in Accra, Ghana, on the June 23, 2016
Presented by IWMI's Johannes Paul (Researcher, Integrated Waste Management) at a stakeholder meeting to inform about the ongoing BMZ funded research project on “Research and capacity-building for soil rehabilitation”, held at IWMI Headquarters, in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on June 21, 2016.
Business models for RRR
Presented by Miriam Otoo at the 2016 Stockholm World Water Week, in Stockholm, Sweden, on August 31, 2016.
Seminar: Opportunities for mainstreaming resource recovery and reuse in developing countries
Presented by IWMI's Liza Debevec at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016.
Linking structural challenges with best practice in water governance: Understanding cultural norms in institutionalized corruption
Presented by Diana Suhardiman at the 2016 Stockholm World Water Week, in Stockholm, Sweden, on August 31, 2016.
Seminar: Good water governance for inclusive growth and poverty reduction: Session 2 on successful case studies of good water governance
This document discusses using the CROPWAT and CLIMWAT models to evaluate and plan irrigation for cotton and rice crops in India. It summarizes that India currently produces lower rice yields than countries like China and Brazil from the same amount of land. Increasing yields through improved irrigation practices could increase production and reduce land usage. The document then outlines using the CROPWAT model to analyze reference evapotranspiration, crop water requirements, irrigation requirements, and develop irrigation schedules for cotton and rice in the Kurnool region of India based on climatic and soil data. It concludes that significantly increasing crop yields through using CROPWAT could boost the economy by improving farmer livelihoods and freeing up land.
Presented by IWMIs Sudarshana Fernando and Nilanthi Jayathilake at a stakeholder workshop on 'Opportunities for sustainable municipal solid waste management services in Batticaloa District, in Sri Lanka, on September 23, 2016.
A review of the Ethiopian context
Presented by IWMI's Gebrehaweria Gebregziabher at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016
Presented by IWMI's Ian Makin (Acting DDG of IWMI) to a group of European Union (EU) delegations in Asia at a discussion on 'Using research on agriculture climate and water to support sustainable food systems', held at IWMI Headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on June 8, 2016.
Presented by Guillaume Lacombe at the Regional Conference on Risks and Solutions: Adaptation Frameworks for Water Resources Planning, Development and Management in South Asia, on July 12, 2016, at Hilton, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Presented by IWMI's Ian Makin at the 4th African Regional Conference on Irrigation and
Drainage (ARCID), in Aswan, Cairo,
Egypt, on April 26, 2016
Presented as the keynote presentation of the first plenary session (Tools and techniques for improving land and water productivity -I) at the side-event on "Improving Salt and Water Management in the Nile Delta",
This document discusses approaches to improving irrigation performance and water use in agriculture. It provides context on the importance of irrigation performance given population growth, changing diets, and water constraints. Key innovations that can improve performance are discussed for the farm/field level and system operations level, including laser land leveling, sprinkler systems, and use of new technologies. The document emphasizes that improving performance requires strengthening links between irrigation systems and farms, as well as leadership to set clear objectives, provide resources, and reward performance. Overall, better irrigation performance can reduce water diversions while enabling food security if it also increases farmers' livelihoods.
This document discusses irrigation water management in India. It provides background on irrigation's role in India's agricultural production, noting that over 55% of output comes from irrigated lands. It also details irrigation statistics in India such as total area, arable land area, and water availability. The document outlines India's classification of irrigation projects and discusses various irrigation policies, strategies and case studies. It provides an in-depth case study of the Samrat Ashoka Sagar Irrigation Project, describing its location, command area, participating organizations, and functions of water user associations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of irrigation for food production in India and the role of farmer organizations in irrigation management.
This document summarizes four main irrigation methods: surface irrigation (flooding), sprinkler irrigation (applying water under pressure), drip or trickle irrigation (applying water slowly to the soil), and sub-surface irrigation (flooding water underground). Surface irrigation is the most widely used method, covering 90% of irrigated land. Sprinkler irrigation is ideal for scarce water areas. Drip irrigation conserves water, controls weeds, and applies water at a slow rate matching crop needs. Sub-surface irrigation is used where soil and topography allow watering underground.
The document provides an outline and summary of a presentation on irrigation. It begins with definitions of irrigation and its uses in crop production. It then discusses the history of irrigation in ancient civilizations like Peru and India. Current global statistics on irrigation are presented, showing that 68% of irrigated land is in Asia. The main types of irrigation systems - surface, center pivot, lateral move, and localized drip/sprinkler - are described. Issues with irrigation in Bangladesh like groundwater depletion and arsenic contamination are raised. The presentation advocates for more efficient irrigation methods like bucket drip kits to minimize water waste.
CA in Tanzania: the case of Mwangaza B CA Farmer Field School (FFS) Rhotia Vi...Joanna Hicks
The document summarizes a conservation agriculture project in Tanzania that aimed to address soil degradation and low crop yields. The project introduced conservation agriculture practices like minimum tillage, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations to farmers through farmer field schools. These practices led to increased maize yields from 2.05 tons/hectare to 14 tons/hectare, reduced labor by 40% and time for farm operations by 50%. The conservation agriculture techniques were adopted on 2,857 hectares of land and helped improve soil health, crop production, and farmer livelihoods in Tanzania.
A sweeping tour of everything that agroforestry has to offer, from the frozen wastes of northern Europe to the drylands of the African Sahel. This presentation explores the mechanisms behind the successes of the mixing of trees and crops or trees and livestock and suggest some answers to the question regarding its relatively slow spread. It is the presentation that was used in this masterclass: https://vimeo.com/264522227
Uganda's soils are becoming increasingly depleted as fertilizer usage is very low at only 2-8% for inorganic fertilizer and 24.9% for organic fertilizer. IFDC is working on various composting initiatives in Uganda to increase organic fertilizer usage and improve soil health. This includes a landfill composting facility in Kampala and a program funded by the World Bank. A case study on a facility in Lira faces challenges with waste collection, segregation, funding and demand for compost. IFDC is also researching biochar production and conducting trials on crops to promote its use as an organic fertilizer. Overall, increasing awareness, improving collection systems, providing incentives and better marketing are needed to overcome challenges
Presented by Presented by Jeremy Bird, Director General - IWMI, (on behalf of IWMI researcher Paul Pavelic) at the 8th Global Environment Facility (GEF) Biennial International Waters Conference (IWC-8) held in Negombo, Sri Lanka, on May 9-13, 2016.
Presented by IWMI's Davie Kadyampakeni at a national stakeholder meeting of the Feed the Future Innovation Laboratory for Small-Scale Irrigation (ILSSI) Project, held at the IWMI office in Accra, Ghana, on the June 23, 2016
Presented by IWMI's Johannes Paul (Researcher, Integrated Waste Management) at a stakeholder meeting to inform about the ongoing BMZ funded research project on “Research and capacity-building for soil rehabilitation”, held at IWMI Headquarters, in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on June 21, 2016.
Business models for RRR
Presented by Miriam Otoo at the 2016 Stockholm World Water Week, in Stockholm, Sweden, on August 31, 2016.
Seminar: Opportunities for mainstreaming resource recovery and reuse in developing countries
Presented by IWMI's Liza Debevec at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016.
Linking structural challenges with best practice in water governance: Understanding cultural norms in institutionalized corruption
Presented by Diana Suhardiman at the 2016 Stockholm World Water Week, in Stockholm, Sweden, on August 31, 2016.
Seminar: Good water governance for inclusive growth and poverty reduction: Session 2 on successful case studies of good water governance
This document discusses using the CROPWAT and CLIMWAT models to evaluate and plan irrigation for cotton and rice crops in India. It summarizes that India currently produces lower rice yields than countries like China and Brazil from the same amount of land. Increasing yields through improved irrigation practices could increase production and reduce land usage. The document then outlines using the CROPWAT model to analyze reference evapotranspiration, crop water requirements, irrigation requirements, and develop irrigation schedules for cotton and rice in the Kurnool region of India based on climatic and soil data. It concludes that significantly increasing crop yields through using CROPWAT could boost the economy by improving farmer livelihoods and freeing up land.
Presented by IWMIs Sudarshana Fernando and Nilanthi Jayathilake at a stakeholder workshop on 'Opportunities for sustainable municipal solid waste management services in Batticaloa District, in Sri Lanka, on September 23, 2016.
A review of the Ethiopian context
Presented by IWMI's Gebrehaweria Gebregziabher at a Roundtable on Building Resilience to Climate Change through Community Dialogues held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, September 20, 2016
Presented by IWMI's Ian Makin (Acting DDG of IWMI) to a group of European Union (EU) delegations in Asia at a discussion on 'Using research on agriculture climate and water to support sustainable food systems', held at IWMI Headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on June 8, 2016.
Presented by Guillaume Lacombe at the Regional Conference on Risks and Solutions: Adaptation Frameworks for Water Resources Planning, Development and Management in South Asia, on July 12, 2016, at Hilton, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Presented by IWMI's Ian Makin at the 4th African Regional Conference on Irrigation and
Drainage (ARCID), in Aswan, Cairo,
Egypt, on April 26, 2016
Presented as the keynote presentation of the first plenary session (Tools and techniques for improving land and water productivity -I) at the side-event on "Improving Salt and Water Management in the Nile Delta",
This document discusses approaches to improving irrigation performance and water use in agriculture. It provides context on the importance of irrigation performance given population growth, changing diets, and water constraints. Key innovations that can improve performance are discussed for the farm/field level and system operations level, including laser land leveling, sprinkler systems, and use of new technologies. The document emphasizes that improving performance requires strengthening links between irrigation systems and farms, as well as leadership to set clear objectives, provide resources, and reward performance. Overall, better irrigation performance can reduce water diversions while enabling food security if it also increases farmers' livelihoods.
This document discusses irrigation water management in India. It provides background on irrigation's role in India's agricultural production, noting that over 55% of output comes from irrigated lands. It also details irrigation statistics in India such as total area, arable land area, and water availability. The document outlines India's classification of irrigation projects and discusses various irrigation policies, strategies and case studies. It provides an in-depth case study of the Samrat Ashoka Sagar Irrigation Project, describing its location, command area, participating organizations, and functions of water user associations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of irrigation for food production in India and the role of farmer organizations in irrigation management.
This document summarizes four main irrigation methods: surface irrigation (flooding), sprinkler irrigation (applying water under pressure), drip or trickle irrigation (applying water slowly to the soil), and sub-surface irrigation (flooding water underground). Surface irrigation is the most widely used method, covering 90% of irrigated land. Sprinkler irrigation is ideal for scarce water areas. Drip irrigation conserves water, controls weeds, and applies water at a slow rate matching crop needs. Sub-surface irrigation is used where soil and topography allow watering underground.
The document provides an outline and summary of a presentation on irrigation. It begins with definitions of irrigation and its uses in crop production. It then discusses the history of irrigation in ancient civilizations like Peru and India. Current global statistics on irrigation are presented, showing that 68% of irrigated land is in Asia. The main types of irrigation systems - surface, center pivot, lateral move, and localized drip/sprinkler - are described. Issues with irrigation in Bangladesh like groundwater depletion and arsenic contamination are raised. The presentation advocates for more efficient irrigation methods like bucket drip kits to minimize water waste.
CA in Tanzania: the case of Mwangaza B CA Farmer Field School (FFS) Rhotia Vi...Joanna Hicks
The document summarizes a conservation agriculture project in Tanzania that aimed to address soil degradation and low crop yields. The project introduced conservation agriculture practices like minimum tillage, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations to farmers through farmer field schools. These practices led to increased maize yields from 2.05 tons/hectare to 14 tons/hectare, reduced labor by 40% and time for farm operations by 50%. The conservation agriculture techniques were adopted on 2,857 hectares of land and helped improve soil health, crop production, and farmer livelihoods in Tanzania.
A sweeping tour of everything that agroforestry has to offer, from the frozen wastes of northern Europe to the drylands of the African Sahel. This presentation explores the mechanisms behind the successes of the mixing of trees and crops or trees and livestock and suggest some answers to the question regarding its relatively slow spread. It is the presentation that was used in this masterclass: https://vimeo.com/264522227
Uganda's soils are becoming increasingly depleted as fertilizer usage is very low at only 2-8% for inorganic fertilizer and 24.9% for organic fertilizer. IFDC is working on various composting initiatives in Uganda to increase organic fertilizer usage and improve soil health. This includes a landfill composting facility in Kampala and a program funded by the World Bank. A case study on a facility in Lira faces challenges with waste collection, segregation, funding and demand for compost. IFDC is also researching biochar production and conducting trials on crops to promote its use as an organic fertilizer. Overall, increasing awareness, improving collection systems, providing incentives and better marketing are needed to overcome challenges
This document discusses conservation agriculture and its potential benefits for increasing food production in Africa. It notes that Africa's population is projected to increase substantially by 2050 while food production has been declining. Conservation agriculture principles of minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover, and crop rotations can help build soil health and increase yields while making agriculture more sustainable. The document questions whether high external inputs alone are a sufficient solution given issues of access and risk for smallholder farmers. It highlights some lessons from other agricultural development programs and the need for diversification beyond a focus on crop yields. Examples from other regions show conservation agriculture being adopted at large scales, and there is potential for it to be scaled up appropriately in Africa.
Evidence for scaling-up evergreen agriculture to increase productivity and re...africa-rising
Presented by Anthony Kimaro (ICRAF) and Elirehema Swai (ARI-Hombolo) at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa Research Review and Planning Meeting, Arusha, Tanzania, 1-5 October 2012
How do the challenges of Climate Change, Food and Nutrition Security and Health affect each other? What, in this context, is the role of R&D in providing sustainable and appropriate solutions? This presentation discusses the issue in the African context, and offers solutions based on agroecology and agroforestry.
Competing uses, dynamics, and production and utilization constraints of crop ...ILRI
1) Crop residues are important resources for smallholder farmers in East Africa but have competing uses that impact their availability and use for conservation agriculture practices.
2) The study found that crop residues from cereals like sorghum, teff and maize in the regions studied are predominantly used for animal feed rather than as mulch to cover soils.
3) Production and use of crop residues is constrained by factors like low soil fertility, high input costs, and lack of information. Ensuring sufficient crop residue production and promoting integrated farming approaches could help balance competing uses and increase soil cover for conservation agriculture.
Integrated soil fertility management: definition and impact on productivity a...SIANI
This document discusses integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) in sub-Saharan Africa. It defines ISFM as the application of soil fertility practices adapted to local conditions, including the use of fertilizer, organic inputs, and improved crops, to maximize nutrient use efficiency and productivity. The paper explores: (1) expected fertilizer responses under different soil types; (2) combining organic resources with fertilizer; and (3) adapting practices to local conditions like soil acidity or drought. Examples are provided for sorghum, millet, legume-maize, and cassava systems. Both crop yields and soil carbon impacts of ISFM are examined.
Integrated Management of Soil Fertility - Prerequisite for Increased Agricult...SIANI
This document discusses integrated soil fertility management (ISFM), defining it as "a set of soil fertility practices that include fertilizer, organic inputs, and improved seeds combined and adapted to local conditions." It aims to maximize nutrient use efficiency and productivity while improving soil carbon. The paper covers mineral fertilizer responses under varying soil conditions, combining organic inputs with fertilizer, and integrating legumes. It provides examples for African farming systems and discusses both crop productivity and impacts on soil carbon stocks from each practice. Finally, it notes that fully achieving ISFM is difficult and the realistic goal is to "move towards" ISFM through demonstrations, education, and addressing non-responsive soils and supply chain issues.
This document summarizes the challenges of food security and climate change in Africa and introduces conservation agriculture as a solution. It discusses two projects - CA SARD and SCAP - that have promoted conservation agriculture to smallholder farmers in East and West Africa. It outlines the principles and techniques of conservation agriculture being taught, and summarizes the achievements and lessons learned, including increased yields and food security, reduced labor, and farmer adoption of the practices. Challenges and the need to further scale up conservation agriculture in Africa are also discussed.
The document discusses agro-ecological solutions and integrated soil fertility management. It summarizes the views of an UN expert who argues that ecological farming practices can boost food production. It also discusses myths and realities around fertilizer use, integrated soil fertility management, and the potential of ISFM combined with other practices like agroforestry.
This document discusses options for integrating trees on farms in Malawi and Southern Africa. It outlines how trees can improve soil fertility, provide food, fodder, and fiber, as well as ecosystem services. Specific tree integration options presented include fertilizer trees intercropped with maize, improved fallows, and fodder trees. Data shows that these agroforestry systems can increase maize yields compared to conventional systems and improve resilience during drought. However, tree integration on farms remains low due to challenges such as labor constraints, animal damage, and lack of supportive policies.
This document discusses the potential for large-scale land restoration in Africa through agroforestry practices. It provides evidence of successful regreening initiatives in countries like Niger, Mali, and Ethiopia that have restored millions of hectares of land. Agroforestry approaches like farmer-managed natural regeneration have been shown to improve soil fertility, buffer water cycles, protect from drought, and increase yields while having costs as low as $14-20 per hectare. The document argues that investing in evergreen agriculture could reverse land degradation across Africa and proposes a project to scale practices to 500,000 farmers across 8 countries, restoring over 1 million hectares of land.
- The Foundations for Farming system is a conservation agriculture approach developed for small-scale African farmers to improve yields and profits using appropriate technology. It focuses on minimal soil disturbance, mulching for moisture retention, and crop rotations.
- Key findings from research and development trials show that organic fertilizers like manure and compost can provide comparable yields to inorganic fertilizers when used properly. Crop rotations, particularly maize-soybean-maize, have resulted in maize yields of 7 tons/hectare without any fertilizer application.
- Current research is focusing on improving soybean yields on sandy soils through inoculation and developing integrated farm models combining crops and livestock. Cost recovery methods like seed company
- The Foundations for Farming system is a conservation agriculture approach developed for small-scale African farmers to improve yields and profits using appropriate technology. It focuses on minimal soil disturbance, mulching for moisture retention, and crop rotations.
- Key findings from research and development trials show that organic fertilizers like manure and compost can provide comparable yields to inorganic fertilizers when applied properly. Crop rotations, particularly maize-soybean-maize, have led to high maize yields without fertilizer application.
- Current research is focusing on improving soybean yields on sandy soils through inoculation and developing integrated farm models including livestock and cash crops. Generating income from seed companies and other partners helps fund ongoing
Similar to Waste to Fertilizer: A dream to come true for Sub-Saharan Africa! (20)
Presented by IWMI's Thai Thi Minh as part of the Small Scale Irrigation Multi-Stakeholder Dialogues: Bundling innovations for scaling farmer-led irrigation in Ghana (organized by ILSSI)
• Bundling innovations for scaling farmer led irrigation in Ghana – by IWMI
• Solar irrigation bundles: prospects and challenges – by PUMPTECH
• GCAP’s Experience with Bundling Innovations and Services to Support Farmer-led Irrigation: A Case of the Peri-Urban Project: Michel Camp Irrigation Scheme – by Food Systems Resilience Project (FSRP)
Presentation slides for the event titled 'Promoting sustainable groundwater irrigation for building climate resilience in West Africa' held on 18 March 2022. The event was jointly organized by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) - Water Resources Management Centre, and the Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS).
This document discusses approaches for systematically and adaptively scaling groundwater irrigation in West Africa. It outlines key facts about groundwater irrigation in the region, including abundant but underutilized groundwater resources and limited access to water lifting technologies. It then proposes multiple pathways for scaling up groundwater irrigation, including enabling individual and collective investment, facilitating private sector investment and multi-actor partnerships, promoting multi-stakeholder dialogue, and building adaptive capacity. Specific tools and approaches are described for each pathway, such as bundling site-specific water solutions, mapping solar suitability, conducting client assessments and segmenting clients. The document emphasizes that a systemic transformation requires customized, multi-pronged approaches tailored to local contexts.
How to design your interventions to build sustainable and climate-resilient food production systems.
Presented at the Virtual forum. More information is available at https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/events/operationalizing-farmer-led-irrigation-development-at-scale/
Presentation by IWMI Kakhramon Djumaboev about the application of the water-food-energy nexus concept on transboundary rivers of Central Asia. Presented at the 10th anniversary PEER program on August 17, 2021
Presented by IWMI's Maha Halalsheh as part of a series of training workshops held in 2021 entitled 'The safe use of wastewater' explaining the modules in the ' Governance and Reuse Safety Plans' handbook developed as part of our ReWater-MENA project.
Presented by IWMI's Maha Halalsheh as part of a series of training workshops held in 2021 entitled 'The safe use of wastewater' explaining the modules in the ' Governance and Reuse Safety Plans' handbook developed as part of our ReWater-MENA project. More about our work: https://rewater-mena.iwmi.org/
Presented by IWMI's Maha Halalsheh as part of a series of training workshops held in 2021 entitled 'The safe use of wastewater' explaining the modules in the ' Governance and Reuse Safety Plans' handbook developed as part of our ReWater-MENA project. More about our work: https://rewater-mena.iwmi.org/
Presented by IWMI's Maha Halalsheh as part of a series of training workshops held in 2021 entitled 'The safe use of wastewater' explaining the modules in the ' Governance and Reuse Safety Plans' handbook developed as part of our ReWater-MENA project. More about our work: https://rewater-mena.iwmi.org/
The document outlines Module Two of a wastewater treatment safety plan preparation course. It discusses establishing a steering committee and multidisciplinary team to identify priority areas of focus, set objectives, define boundaries and leadership for the plan. Examples of relevant stakeholders in the community are provided. The main outputs are agreed upon priority areas, purpose, scope and leadership for the plan as well as assembling a team representing different parts of the sanitation process to develop and implement the safety plan.
Presented by IWMI's Maha Halalsheh as part of a series of training workshops held in 2021 entitled 'The safe use of wastewater' explaining the modules in the ' Governance and Reuse Safety Plans' handbook developed as part of our ReWater-MENA project. More about our work: https://rewater-mena.iwmi.org/
Presented by Olufunke Cofie at the National WASH Action Plan Research and Capacity Building Agenda Setting Workshop in Abuja, Nigeria on February 17-18, 2020.
This webinar was jointly organized by the African Union (AU), the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and The World Bank on October 15, 2020. More info: http://bit.ly/IDAWM20
This document discusses institutionalizing water accounting in order to better manage water resources. It provides an overview of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), which conducts research on innovative water solutions. Water scarcity is a growing challenge in many regions. Water accounting can help fill information gaps and support decision making by regularly reporting on water availability, use, rights, and changes over time. It discusses elements like temporal and spatial scales to consider. The benefits of water accounting include increased transparency, comparable data to guide policies, and improved awareness. Institutionalizing water accounting requires establishing purposes, data sources, stakeholders, and aligning with existing policies and plans. It is a collective effort that can help answer key questions about water management and allocation.
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Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...vijaykumar292010
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as the Directive 2002/95/EC. It includes the restrictions for the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. RoHS is a WEEE (Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment).
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Waste to Fertilizer: A dream to come true for Sub-Saharan Africa!
1. WASTE TO FERTILIZER
Josiane Nikiema, Olufunke Cofie and the
IWMI RQ team
A dream to come true for
Sub-Saharan Africa!
Contacts: j.nikiema@cgiar.org or iwmi@cgiar.org
3. A. DAILY FERTILIZER POTENTIAL
FOR 200,000 PEOPLE
100 MT of municipal solid wastes (MSW)
50 MT of inorg. wastes
50 MT of org. wastes 6-12 MT of biochar
15 MT of compost
0.6-1.2 ha of land
1.5 ha of land
100 m3 of fecal sludge (FS)
Land application
Composting 1.5 MT of compost
4 MT of co-compost
0.7 ha of Land
0.5 ha of land (maize)
1.3 ha of land (maize)
Biochar 1 MT of biochar 0.2 ha of land
4. EXAMPLE: CROP YIELDS AND IMPACT ON INCOME
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Sheshegu Tuu-tengle Sheshegu Tuu-tengle
YieldinMT/ha
Control
Farm 1
Farm 2
Farm 3
MAIZE
SORGHUM
($/ha) Users Non-users
Total fixed costs 191 137
Total variable costs 314 323
Revenues 919 606
Net Income 414 146
Location: Krobo
5. DAILY FERTILIZER POTENTIAL
FOR 200,000 PEOPLE270 m3 of urine
Direct land application
Struvite
N:P:K:Mg of 6:29:0:10 Slow release fertilizer, suitable for plants or to
supplement other minerals
11 ha of Land
27 MT of excreta
Co-composting
Biochar
4-9 ha of Land
3-6 MT of biochar
13-26 MT of (co-)compost
0.3-0.6 ha of Land
80% of the
nutrients needed
to grow food for
the same
population size
6. B. REUSE OPTIONS TESTED
–
–
•
•
Crop type Non
fertilized
Urine
fertilized
Chemically
fertilized
Country
Cabbage 19.5 32 31.0 Togo
Cassava 45 60 60.0 Ivory
Coast
Cotton 0.18 0.35 0.38 Mali
Corn 2.4 3.6 3.5 Benin
Egg plant 2.8 16.0 17.1 Burkina
Faso
Lettuce 6.8 15.7 13.3 Togo
Okra 1.7 2.3 2.6 Burkina
Faso
Sorghum 2.3 3.8 4.1 Burkina
Faso
Tomato 2.1 5.2 5.8 Burkina
Faso
Yam 4.0 8.0 6.0 Ivory
Coast
Crop Yields (Tons ha-1) for urine trials in different
West African countries. (CREPA, 2006)
7. 2. ORGANIC SOLID WASTE
• Compared to Africa, Asia is more
advanced
– E.g. Sri Lanka has 115 municipal
solid waste (MSW) compost
plants
– A2Z in Ludhiana (India) processes
900 MT/d of MSW through
– These plants are either fully
publicly owned or managed under
a PPP
Examples of Kenyan
compost plants
Dudutech
4 MT/d
EcoH
Holdings
550 MT/d
Nawacom Coop.
Society
28 MT/ d
Uganda;60
MT/d
Ghana; 600
MT/d
And more large MSW
compost plants…
Composting is common because it reduces
volumes of wastes and need for landfills
8. 3. THE STORY IS QUITE DIFFERENT WITH EXCRETA
•
• Few exceptions processing some MT per day are:
Sanergy, KenyaSoil – Haiti
NGOs
Burkina
Faso
Rwanda
Kenya
South
Africa
Etc.
Safisana compost Uses digested (sludge + org. wastes)
Loowatt, Madagascar
9. 4. THE STORY IS WORSE WITH FECAL SLUDGE
FORTIFER (Wafo) In Ghana Senegal
•
–
–
–
•
–
–
10. C. THERE IS OPPORTUNITY FOR SCALING UP
•
–
–
•
–
–
•
Nutrients
Organic
matter
Improves
soil quality
Improve crop
yields
11. D. WHAT IS NEEDED FOR SUCCESSFUL SCALING-UP?
•
–
–
–
•
•
13. RECYCLING OF WASTE INTO FERTILIZER WILL THEN BECOME A FACT FOR
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Compost
•Biochar
Direct land application
(Co-)compost
• Biochar
Direct application
•Struvite: MgNH4PO4.6H2O
Compost
•Dry soil conditioner
•Biochar