SIMULATION D'UNE LECON SUR LE MONTAGE DE MICRO PROJETReine DAGBO
Formation dispensée dans le cadre de la formation des formateurs identifiés par l'alliance Française pour le compte de la SODECOTON. Ce projet vise à l'alphabétisation des coton-culteurs du Nord du Cameroun.
Une publication illustrée qui répond à 3 questions:
Comment est mesuré le pouvoir d'achat ?
Comment est construit l'indice des prix à la consommation ?
À quoi sert l'indice des prix à la consommation ?
Economic diplomacy: leveraging governmental, political and economic means to ...Huub Ruel
This is an introduction lecture on economic diplomacy that was prepared for the MKO Academy in Hungary. It starts with a case study on access to the US federal procurement market for foreign companies. Then it moves on to basic definitions of economic, commercial and business diplomacy and the relation between the three. They need to be connected for a successful economic diplomacy policies and practices. The presentation finishes with a future outlook.
SIMULATION D'UNE LECON SUR LE MONTAGE DE MICRO PROJETReine DAGBO
Formation dispensée dans le cadre de la formation des formateurs identifiés par l'alliance Française pour le compte de la SODECOTON. Ce projet vise à l'alphabétisation des coton-culteurs du Nord du Cameroun.
Une publication illustrée qui répond à 3 questions:
Comment est mesuré le pouvoir d'achat ?
Comment est construit l'indice des prix à la consommation ?
À quoi sert l'indice des prix à la consommation ?
Economic diplomacy: leveraging governmental, political and economic means to ...Huub Ruel
This is an introduction lecture on economic diplomacy that was prepared for the MKO Academy in Hungary. It starts with a case study on access to the US federal procurement market for foreign companies. Then it moves on to basic definitions of economic, commercial and business diplomacy and the relation between the three. They need to be connected for a successful economic diplomacy policies and practices. The presentation finishes with a future outlook.
Présentation sur l'Offshoring au Maroc
(Téléchargez la présentation pour voir la version complète et les commentaires)
Si vous avez besoin d'informations complémentaires n'hésitez pas a me contacter sur mon e-Mail : walidaitisha@gmail.com
We have all heard of Financial speculation, which involves the buying & selling of stocks, bonds, currencies, real estate or any other valuable financial instrument owing to anticipated fluctuations in its price with the aim of profiting from it.
The balance of a payment is a systematic record of all its monetary transections with other countries of the world in a given period of time. i.e 1 year
Présentation sur l'Offshoring au Maroc
(Téléchargez la présentation pour voir la version complète et les commentaires)
Si vous avez besoin d'informations complémentaires n'hésitez pas a me contacter sur mon e-Mail : walidaitisha@gmail.com
We have all heard of Financial speculation, which involves the buying & selling of stocks, bonds, currencies, real estate or any other valuable financial instrument owing to anticipated fluctuations in its price with the aim of profiting from it.
The balance of a payment is a systematic record of all its monetary transections with other countries of the world in a given period of time. i.e 1 year
VIETNAM — Anwalt in Vietnam Dr. Oliver Massmann Corporate Sustainability Due ...Dr. Oliver Massmann
VIETNAM — Anwalt in Vietnam Dr. Oliver Massmann Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD oder das EU-Lieferkettengesetz): Umfassende Analyse und Ausblick auf die Auswirkungen auf Unternehmen in Vietnam
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD or the EU Supply Chai...Dr. Oliver Massmann
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD or the EU Supply Chain Law): A Comprehensive Analysis and Review of its Implications on Vietnam-based Companies
Legal Alert - Vietnam - First draft Decree on mechanisms and policies to enco...Dr. Oliver Massmann
Legal Alert - Vietnam - First draft Decree on mechanisms and policies to encourage the development of rooftop solar power systems for self-consumption purpose
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD or the EU Supply Chai...Dr. Oliver Massmann
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD or the EU Supply Chain Law): A Comprehensive Analysis and Review of its Implications on Vietnam-based Companies
Anwalt in Vietnam Dr. Oliver Massmann Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence ...Dr. Oliver Massmann
Anwalt in Vietnam Dr. Oliver Massmann Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD oder das EU-Lieferkettengesetz): Umfassende Analyse und Ausblick auf die Auswirkungen auf Unternehmen in Vietnam
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD or the EU Supply Chai...Dr. Oliver Massmann
Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD or the EU Supply Chain Law): A Comprehensive Analysis and Review of its Implications on Vietnam-based Companies
DNA Testing in Civil and Criminal Matters.pptxpatrons legal
Get insights into DNA testing and its application in civil and criminal matters. Find out how it contributes to fair and accurate legal proceedings. For more information: https://www.patronslegal.com/criminal-litigation.html
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
PRECEDENT AS A SOURCE OF LAW (SAIF JAVED).pptxOmGod1
Precedent, or stare decisis, is a cornerstone of common law systems where past judicial decisions guide future cases, ensuring consistency and predictability in the legal system. Binding precedents from higher courts must be followed by lower courts, while persuasive precedents may influence but are not obligatory. This principle promotes fairness and efficiency, allowing for the evolution of the law as higher courts can overrule outdated decisions. Despite criticisms of rigidity and complexity, precedent ensures similar cases are treated alike, balancing stability with flexibility in judicial decision-making.
How to Obtain Permanent Residency in the NetherlandsBridgeWest.eu
You can rely on our assistance if you are ready to apply for permanent residency. Find out more at: https://immigration-netherlands.com/obtain-a-permanent-residence-permit-in-the-netherlands/.
Responsibilities of the office bearers while registering multi-state cooperat...Finlaw Consultancy Pvt Ltd
Introduction-
The process of register multi-state cooperative society in India is governed by the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002. This process requires the office bearers to undertake several crucial responsibilities to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. The key office bearers typically include the President, Secretary, and Treasurer, along with other elected members of the managing committee. Their responsibilities encompass administrative, legal, and financial duties essential for the successful registration and operation of the society.
In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
Introducing New Government Regulation on Toll Road.pdfAHRP Law Firm
For nearly two decades, Government Regulation Number 15 of 2005 on Toll Roads ("GR No. 15/2005") has served as the cornerstone of toll road legislation. However, with the emergence of various new developments and legal requirements, the Government has enacted Government Regulation Number 23 of 2024 on Toll Roads to replace GR No. 15/2005. This new regulation introduces several provisions impacting toll business entities and toll road users. Find out more out insights about this topic in our Legal Brief publication.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
A "File Trademark" is a legal term referring to the registration of a unique symbol, logo, or name used to identify and distinguish products or services. This process provides legal protection, granting exclusive rights to the trademark owner, and helps prevent unauthorized use by competitors.
Visit Now: https://www.tumblr.com/trademark-quick/751620857551634432/ensure-legal-protection-file-your-trademark-with?source=share
2. www.duanemorris.com
AGENDA
• VIETNAM’S LATEST ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENTS
• ENERGY SECTOR OVERVIEW
• POTENTIAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN
VIETNAM
• CURRENT GOVERNMENT’S POLICIES ON
WIND ENERGY
• INVESTMENT GUIDELINES FOR FOREIGN
INVESTORS
• RECOMMENDATIONS
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Vietnam 2019 Economy at a glance
• GDP: US$266.5 billion
• GDP per capita: US$2,786
• GDP Growth: 7.02% (record breaking since 2010)
• Inflation: 2.79%
• Population: About 96.4 million
• Labor force aged 15 and above: 59.1%
• Total export and import turnover: US$ 517.26
billion
• Regional Minimum wage (Region I): VND 4.180
million (US$ 180) per month (Jan 2020)
• Vietnam’s average age: 30.9 years old
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Vietnam’s management of Covid-19 and
2020 – Economy until now
• As of 11 October 2020, the country had 1,109 confirmed cases, 1,024
recoveries, and 35 deaths.
• Vietnam is cited by global media as having one of the best-organized
epidemic control programs in the world.
• Due to Covid-19, Vietnam’s GDP growth in 3 consecutive quarters
decreases compared with last year but remains positive (3.68%, 0.39%
and 2.62% respectively).
• According to World Bank, Vietnam is expected to remain one of the
fastest-growing economies in the world in 2020. This projected
performance means that Vietnam would be the fifth-fastest growing
country in the world in 2020.
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Energy Sector Background
• Electricity demand is expected to increase to 632
billion kWh in 2030.
• EVN records a 8,6% increase in electricity
demand each year, and suspect the possibility of
power shortage, especially in 2023
• Electricity providing in the period 2016-2030 is
expected to be reach 80,500 MW, which is
15,200 MW short for the projected demand.
• Electricity of Vietnam (EVN) holds a monopoly
on electricity transmission and distribution.
• PetroVietnam under the control of the Ministry
of Industry and Trade, has administrative
authority over oil and gas activity in Viet Nam.
• Vinacomin is to assure the supply of coal from
domestic sources and import for electricity
production
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POTENTIAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN
VIETNAM TO 2030
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Small hydro
power
Biomass
Wind
Solar
Potential: > 27,800 MW
Current use:1,700 MW
Potential: 2.1% total
electricity production in
2030
Potential: 6,000MW
Current use: 140 MW
Potential:12,000 MW
Current use: trivival
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Vietnam’s electrical energy mix
• Vietnam policy emphasises the need to diversify the country’s
energy mix whilst maximising the use of local energy reserves
• Currently Vietnam is developing an energy mix sector with
the mainstay of coal fired power
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Current Government’s policies on renewable
energy – General documents
• Electricity Law 2004 and 2012
• The Revised Power Development Plan 2011-2020 (revised PDP VII) approved
by Prime Minister in Decision 428/QD-TTg dated 18 March 2016
• Still under development and not suitable with current industry practice: Law on
Petroleum No. 18-L/CTN passed in 1993, as amended on 2000, 2008
• No master plan yet for the whole oil and gas industry: Only Decision No.
459/QD-TTg approving master plan for development of Vietnam gas industry
until 2015, vision to 2025
• Lack of transparency: Decision No. 386/QD-TTg and Decision No. 233/QD-
TTg Approving strategy for development of oil and gas sector until 2015, vision
to 2025
• Decision 2068/QD-TTg dated 25 November 2015 on development strategy
and vision of renewable energy to 2050.
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Current Government’s regulations on wind-to-
electricity projects
• Decision No. 37/2011/QD-TTg dated 29 June 2011 on support mechanism
for wind power projects (as amended by Decision No. 39/2018/QD-TTg)
• Circular No. 02/2019/TT-BCT dated 15 January 2019 on development of
wind power projects and power purchase agreement for wind power projects
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Recent Government’s directions on wind-to-electricity
projects
• Document No.693/TTg-CN on the addition of wind power projects to
electricity development planning
MOIT is requested to:
• Accelerate the process of approving the inclusion of more wind energy
projects into the Master plan.
• Quicken the process of appraisal and approval for inclusion of wind
power plants into the Master plan
• Prepare the formulation of the National Electricity Development
Planning in the 2021-2030 period, with a vision to 2045 (Electricity
Planning VIII) to submit to the Prime Minister for approval before 31
October 2020.
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Recent Government’s directions on wind-to-
electricity projects (cont.)
Decision No. 329/QD-BCT on principles and procedure of
amending and supplementing power projects planning:
• Priority is given to power grid projects first, followed by
power source projects;
• Priority is given to areas with less renewable energy
projects and with the capacity to absorb power.
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Recent Government’s directions on wind-to-
electricity projects
Document No.7421/BCT-DL on the list of wind power projects
proposed to be included in the VIII Master Plan:
• The People's Committees of provinces and cities to create a list of
wind power projects requesting for survey, research, and
supplementation into the National Power Development Plan
(“NPDP”).
• Due to time constraint on the submission deadline of the VIII Master
Plan, appraisal and approval for inclusion of wind energy projects
shall be suspended until further notice.
• The People's Committees of provinces and cities are responsible for
reviewing the site planning of wind power plants.
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Current wind projects have signed PPA
40
2
1
2
5
4
1
1
6
7
2
5
4
Total
Tra Vinh
Tay Nguyen
Soc Trang
Quang Tri
Ninh Thuan
Gia Lai
Dao Phu Quy
Ca Mau
Binh Thuan
Binh Dinh
Ben Tre
Bac Lieu
Number
1,995
126
28
60
204
126
50
6
475
380
51
149
340
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500
Wattage (MW)
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Current wind projects have signed PPA
Ba Ria
Bac Lieu
Ben Tre
Binh Dinh
Binh Thuan
Ca Mau
Dak Lak
Gia Lai
Lam Dong
Ninh Thuan
Phu Yen
Quang Tri
Soc Trang
Tra Vinh
Dao Phu Quy
Tay Nguyen
Ba Ria
Bac Lieu
Ben Tre
Binh Dinh
Binh Thuan
Ca Mau
Dak Lak
Gia Lai
Lam Dong
Ninh Thuan
Phu Yen
Quang Tri
Soc Trang
Tra Vinh
Dao Phu
Quy
Tay Nguyen
Signed
PPA
Plan to 2025
According to the plan until 2025
Add-in the plan
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Wind-to-electricity projects overviews
• On-shore projects: any wind power project which (i) has been grid-connected;
(ii) wind turbine(s) constructed and operated in mainland and coastal areas of
which the outer boundary is the average lowest sea edge for many 18.6 years.
• Off-shore projects: any wind power project which (i) has been grid-connected;
(ii)wind turbine(s) constructed and operated offshore - outside the average
lowest sea edge for many 18.6 years.
• FIT: 8.5 UScents/kWh (on-shore projects) and 9.8 UScents/kWh (off-shore
projects).
• FIT only applies to part(s) of or entire wind project COD before 01/11/2021.
The period for the enjoyment of FIT is 20 years from COD.
• Smallest part for COD is a turbine.
• On 9 June 2020, PM requests MOIT consider extension of wind FIT until
31/12/2023
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Wind-to-electricity projects overview
• For projects COD after 01/11/2021: new FIT price and auction scheme
is currently under MOIT’s contemplation and will be presented to Prime
Minister.
• COD date is either those two, which ever comes later, provided
experiments for COD is completed: (i) The date of closing meter
readings (after the completion of reliable experiments); or (ii) The date of
obtaining operating license;
• PPA: Based on PPA template.
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Wind PPA template – some improvements
• In terms of the new FiT, the revised model PPA has adjusted the
foreign exchange rate to be the central exchange rates of the
Vietnamese dong against the US dollar announced by the State
Bank of Vietnam on the payment date.
• The PPA does exclude the due payment obligations of EVN /
power companies from force majeure exemption and it could
ensure EVN and power companies to make payments regardless
force majeure events occurring.
• EVN’s compensation liability now comprises (i) the value of actual
and direct losses incurred by the aggrieved party as caused by the
defaulting party and (ii) the value of direct benefits which the
aggrieved party would have been entitled to if there was no such
default.27
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Wind PPA template – but still not bankable
• The PPA relieves EVN from payment obligations in cases it is
unable to take power due to a breakdown of the transmission or
distribution grid. This is still a risk to power producer although
EVN is required to give at least 10-day advance notice to the seller.
• The PPA is governed by Vietnamese law and does not itself
exclude the possibility for the parties to agree on international
arbitration to resolve disputes.
• The PPA enables the developers to transfer the PPA or provide
step-in rights to lenders but subject to always written approval
from EVN, provided that also it notifies EVN immediately in
writing. This is a disappointment as the old template allows
lender’s step-in right without approval from EVN.
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The wind PPA
• PPA is required to follow a specific template
• The PPA template is unclear whether it is a “take or pay”
agreement.
• Amendment of the PPA template is possible upon a
written agreement with EVN, provided that it does not
change the FUNDAMENTAL contents of the PPA
template. Note: It is not clear what is “fundamental” =>
the amendment of the PPA subjects to the
negotiation with EVN (legal counsels' involvement
is essential).
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But don’t worry! We have the EU – Vietnam
FTA and CPTPP
• EU – Vietnam FTA (“EVFTA”) and the Investment Protection
Agreement (“IPA”):
– Vietnam has more legal certainty than even Germany.
– IPA implements investor-to-state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanisms
– investors can claim in case that an investor protection obligation has been
breached
– Domestic courts cannot question the legal validity of the decisions
• Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for the Trans-Pacific
Partnership (CPTPP):
– TPP continues without the US, effective from 30 December 2018.
– New TPP accounts for 12.9% of global GDP and 14.9% of global trade.
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Non-recourse financing
• What is it? The Project can be financed with a loan secured by
a charge on specific assets or on the revenues generated from a specific
project or assets.
• How to obtain?
Option 1: To develop the project by way of entering into a BOT (Build-
Operate-Transfer) contract with the Government. As it is the
Government who will own the project at the end upon the expiration of
the BOT contract, the BOT contract will be more bankable the non-
recourse/limited recourse financing arrangement can be achievable.
Option 2: To seek guarantee from the Multilateral Investment
Guarantee Agency (“MIGA”).
Option 3: To cooperate with a State-owned commercial bank for its
guarantee of the project and then, negotiate with lenders to eliminate all
recourses that lenders may ask from the sponsors and/or the borrowers.
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EVN – Bankable now?
• EVN is assigned an Issuer Default Rating (IDR) of ‘BB’ with a
‘Stable Outlook’ for long-term foreign currency from Fitch Ratings
– EVN’s First and Positive Credit Rating
• This is based on EVN’s strong linkages to the state, its market
position, strong demand for electricity and solid collection rates.
More assurance to the private sector and commercial lenders about
the financial and technical capacity of EVN
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Market access and Forms of investment
• No foreign ownership restriction
• Investment forms:
A wholly-owned foreign enterprise
A joint venture company between a foreign investor and domestic
investor
Investment pursuant to the BOT legal framework
Through the purchase of shares in either an EVN subsidiary being
or having been equitized or a private IPP holding power assets.
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WTO ANALYSIS OF LIBERALIZATION
OF MARKET ACCESS
35
Country Limitation of market
access*
Country Limitation of
market access*
Malaysia medium Myanmar high
Indonesia medium Cambodia medium
Philippines medium Laos medium
Singapore low India high
Thailand medium China medium
Brunei high Vietnam low
* Typical restrictions: number of opened sectors, JV requirement, limits on
foreign-owned shares, permission requirement
Copyright Oliver Massmann - All rights reserved
36. www.duanemorris.com
Financing options for power projects
• Government investment funding and preferential policies
• Official Development Assistance (ODA)
• Loan from commercial banks or financial institutions
• Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
• Public Private Partnership (PPP)
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BOT – BEST INVESTMENT FORM
• Government’s Decree No. 63/2018/ND-CP on Public-
Private Partnership: making projects more bankable
• Easier to negotiate more favorable electricity rates.
• Easier to obtain more government guarantees, especially
in terms of EVN’s obligations to purchase all electricity
from the project.
• More fiscal and financial incentives.
• Precedent large-scaled BOT power projects in Vietnam:
Phu My, Vung Ang, Mong Duong 2, Dung Quat 2, Song
Hau 2, and many others37
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INVESTMENT INCENTIVES
• Subject to the decision of the local People’s Committee
where the project is located
• Land: land use fee exemption
• CIT 10%
– 15 years for new enterprises investing in power plant projects
– tax exemptions within 4 years and tax reduction by 50% in the next 9 years.
• Import duty exemption
– on goods imported to create fixed assets of the projects; components,
materials and semi-finished products which cannot be produced inland for
the project’s operation.
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Project planning
• Investors have to obtain prior agreement of EVN on power purchase prior to
licensing procedure.
• Commitment of banks or credit institutions on financing the project must be
obtained prior to issuance of Investment Registration Certificate .
• In-principle approval of the local People’s Committee is required prior to
issuance of Investment Registration Certificate depending on the project size
• Obtain a power generation permit from the competent State authorities in order
to conduct power generation operations in Vietnam
• Term of the permit: maximum 20 years for large power plants with particularly
important meaning on economy, society, national defense and security as per
the list approved by the Prime Minister; and 10 years for other power plants
projects.
• The permit cannot be renewed but the investor may apply for a new one within
60 days prior to the expiry date of the current permit.
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Project licensing
• Step 1: The investor obtains approval from the competent authority [e.g., Prime
Minister, MOIT] approving the power plant as part of the power development
plan (if required).
• Step 2: The investor obtains in-principle approval from the competent People’s
Committee
• Step 3: Application for issuance of the Investment Registration Certificate and
the Enterprise Registration Certificate
• Step 4: Preparation of construction / operations of the power plant (for
example, acquiring land area, site clearance, preparation, land investigation,
conducting environmental assessment)
• Step 5: The project company to obtain necessary permits (e.g. electricity
generating permit) and relevant agreements (e.g. PPA) for its and the power
plant’s operation.
• Step 6: Construction of the power plant and operation
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RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INVESTORS
• Public private partnerships (e.g. - BOT) should be the first option.
• Due care on negotiations of the PPA and grid connection agreement with EVN
• Electricity selling in off-grid areas can be a good choice
• Sound financing structure, good business model and great legal assistance are keys
to success.
• Accurate prediction of where the market is heading to, in the context of Vietnam’s
critical power shortage, should be considered.
• More pressure on the government to adequately address key issues on tariff
increase, demonopolization of the power market and government guarantee.
• Vietnam’s market is extremely in need of financing and EPC capability. There are
rooms for cost-effective and high quality EPC contractors and resourceful lenders.
• In many cases, you can “test the water” with a small power plant project.
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DUANE MORRIS VIETNAM LLC
Thank you very much!
HANOI OFFICE HO CHI MINH CITY OFFICE
Pacific Place, Unit V1307/08, 13th Floor, Suite 1503/04, Saigon Tower
83B Ly Thuong Kiet, Hoan Kiem District 29 Le Duan Street, District 1
Hanoi, Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Tel.: +84 24 39462200 Tel.: +84 28 3824 0240
Fax: +84 24 3946 1311 Fax: +84 28 3824 0241
Contact email:
omassmann@duanemorris.com
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