Expertise comes from seeing analogous concepts across different domains, while a horizontal thinker focuses on connections within a single domain. Vertical thinking looks across levels within a domain from basic to advanced. Vertical thinking benefits a horizontal thinker by providing a broader context and new perspectives within their domain of focus.

1. Expertise Vision = Significant conceptual analogs or connected phenomena across domains Horizontal Thinker = points of Extrapolation or Interpolation within a domain Vertical Thinking Benefits of Vertical Thinking to a Horizontal Thinker