Vedic Mathematics, derived from the Atharva Veda, was rediscovered by Swami Bharati Krishna Tirthaji and encompasses 16 sutras and 13 sub-sutras for solving mathematical problems. It offers benefits such as increased speed, improved mental arithmetic, and applicability across various math branches while also reducing stress and enhancing academic performance. The system includes methods for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as applications in calculus, geometry, number systems, and set theory.