The document describes a case study for replacing the point of sale and stock control system for ABC Supermarkets. It outlines requirements such as allowing sales assistants to process orders, check stock levels, create backorders if items are out of stock, and generate reports. It also describes management of stock levels, product catalog, and sales data by other roles.
The business-to-consumer aspect of product commerce (e-commerce) is the most visible business use of the World Wide Web. The primary goal of an e-commerce site is to sell goods online.
This project deals with developing an e-commerce website for Online Product Sale. It provides the user with a catalog of different product available for purchase in the store. In order to facilitate online purchase a shopping cart is provided to the user. The system is implemented using a 3-tier approach, with a backend database, a middle tier of
Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) and PHP, and a web browser as the front end client. In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood.
These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client side scripting techniques, implementation technologies such as PHP(OOP), JQUERY, BOOTSTRAP, HTML5, relational databases (such as MySQLi, Access). This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart application and also to know about the technologies used to develop such an application. This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e-commerce website.
The business-to-consumer aspect of product commerce (e-commerce) is the most visible business use of the World Wide Web. The primary goal of an e-commerce site is to sell goods online.
This project deals with developing an e-commerce website for Online Product Sale. It provides the user with a catalog of different product available for purchase in the store. In order to facilitate online purchase a shopping cart is provided to the user. The system is implemented using a 3-tier approach, with a backend database, a middle tier of
Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) and PHP, and a web browser as the front end client. In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood.
These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client side scripting techniques, implementation technologies such as PHP(OOP), JQUERY, BOOTSTRAP, HTML5, relational databases (such as MySQLi, Access). This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart application and also to know about the technologies used to develop such an application. This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e-commerce website.
THIS PPT HELP STUDENT FOR THE JAVA BASED MINIPROJECT AND ALSO HELP TO PEOPLE WHO HAD A STORE OF GROCERY AND HELP TO MANAGED THEIR STORE THROUGH REFFER OF PPT
A website have lot of interactive elements and static attributes associated with it. It contain written words’ images’ multimedia applications’ graphics etc.
visit--- http://bit.ly/onlineshopping_javaproject For the complete project + CODE.
visit ------- javaprojects.tutoriallearners.in for other Java Projects
Contents
Phase 1: Design Concepts 2
Project Description 2
Use Cases 3
Data Dictionary 4
High Level Design Components 5
Detailed Design: Checkout 7
Diagrams 7
Design Analysis 8
Detailed Design: Product Research 9
Diagrams 9
Design – Using Pseudocode 10
Product Profit 10
Phase 2: Sequential Logic Structures 11
Design 11
Product Profit 11
Phase 3: Problem Solving with Decisions 12
Safe Discount 12
Return Customer Bonus 13
Applying Discounts 14
Phase 4: Problem Solving with Loops 15
Total order 15
Problems to Solve 16
Calculate Profits 16
Rock, Paper, Scissors 18
Number Guessing Game 20
Phase 5: Using Abstractions in Design 22
Seeing Abstractions 22
Refactoring 22
Phase 1: Design ConceptsProject Description
Although we may be late to the game, we will nevertheless join the world of e-commerce to sell our fantastic product on the Internet. To do so, we need a Web site that will allow for commerce and sales. To be quick about it, we require the following:
· Searchable inventory and shopping pages
· A shopping cart
· A place for customers to register when they make purchases
· A checkout process to make the purchase
Within this main process, there are a bunch of other needs that must be met, as follows:
· We want to track the date of the last purchase a customer make so we can offer incentives and discounts based on the last time they shopped.
· We will offer sales based on the number of different items that a person purchases.
· We will also give discounts for bulk orders a discount when a person buys many of the same item
In addition to sales feature, the solution must provide the ability to manage and research the sales of products. It must include the following:
· Must be able to add, update and remove product inventory in real time on the site
· Needs to have research capabilities to determine how well a product is selling, such as the following:
· How often the item is viewed, added to shopping carts, and then purchased
· How a price change affects sales and profit
Use Cases
From the description above, we can relate this to the following use cases, which describe how the user will interact with our system. Each use case is a set of screens that the users would interact with to accomplish something they need on the site.
In addition to the customer’s activity, the solution will allow Sales Analysts to manage and research product sales.
Data Dictionary
Variable Name
Type
Description
todaysDate
Date
Today’s date, when the program is running
creationDate
Date
The date the customer created their account
priorPurchases
Integer
Number of Purchases this customer has made in the past
lastPurchaseDate
Date
The date of the last purchase the customer made
lineItemPrice
Array
The price of each line item the customer has added to the cart
lineItemQuantity
Array
The quantity of each line item the customer has added to the cart
membershipLevel
Integer
The account nature of the customer
1 – Guest
2 – Registered
3 – Preferred
totalPurchaseAmount
Double
T.
THIS PPT HELP STUDENT FOR THE JAVA BASED MINIPROJECT AND ALSO HELP TO PEOPLE WHO HAD A STORE OF GROCERY AND HELP TO MANAGED THEIR STORE THROUGH REFFER OF PPT
A website have lot of interactive elements and static attributes associated with it. It contain written words’ images’ multimedia applications’ graphics etc.
visit--- http://bit.ly/onlineshopping_javaproject For the complete project + CODE.
visit ------- javaprojects.tutoriallearners.in for other Java Projects
Contents
Phase 1: Design Concepts 2
Project Description 2
Use Cases 3
Data Dictionary 4
High Level Design Components 5
Detailed Design: Checkout 7
Diagrams 7
Design Analysis 8
Detailed Design: Product Research 9
Diagrams 9
Design – Using Pseudocode 10
Product Profit 10
Phase 2: Sequential Logic Structures 11
Design 11
Product Profit 11
Phase 3: Problem Solving with Decisions 12
Safe Discount 12
Return Customer Bonus 13
Applying Discounts 14
Phase 4: Problem Solving with Loops 15
Total order 15
Problems to Solve 16
Calculate Profits 16
Rock, Paper, Scissors 18
Number Guessing Game 20
Phase 5: Using Abstractions in Design 22
Seeing Abstractions 22
Refactoring 22
Phase 1: Design ConceptsProject Description
Although we may be late to the game, we will nevertheless join the world of e-commerce to sell our fantastic product on the Internet. To do so, we need a Web site that will allow for commerce and sales. To be quick about it, we require the following:
· Searchable inventory and shopping pages
· A shopping cart
· A place for customers to register when they make purchases
· A checkout process to make the purchase
Within this main process, there are a bunch of other needs that must be met, as follows:
· We want to track the date of the last purchase a customer make so we can offer incentives and discounts based on the last time they shopped.
· We will offer sales based on the number of different items that a person purchases.
· We will also give discounts for bulk orders a discount when a person buys many of the same item
In addition to sales feature, the solution must provide the ability to manage and research the sales of products. It must include the following:
· Must be able to add, update and remove product inventory in real time on the site
· Needs to have research capabilities to determine how well a product is selling, such as the following:
· How often the item is viewed, added to shopping carts, and then purchased
· How a price change affects sales and profit
Use Cases
From the description above, we can relate this to the following use cases, which describe how the user will interact with our system. Each use case is a set of screens that the users would interact with to accomplish something they need on the site.
In addition to the customer’s activity, the solution will allow Sales Analysts to manage and research product sales.
Data Dictionary
Variable Name
Type
Description
todaysDate
Date
Today’s date, when the program is running
creationDate
Date
The date the customer created their account
priorPurchases
Integer
Number of Purchases this customer has made in the past
lastPurchaseDate
Date
The date of the last purchase the customer made
lineItemPrice
Array
The price of each line item the customer has added to the cart
lineItemQuantity
Array
The quantity of each line item the customer has added to the cart
membershipLevel
Integer
The account nature of the customer
1 – Guest
2 – Registered
3 – Preferred
totalPurchaseAmount
Double
T.
Running head TECHNICAL PAPER FINAL PROJECT PLAN1TECHNICAL P.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: TECHNICAL PAPER FINAL PROJECT PLAN
1
TECHNICAL PAPER FINAL PROJECT PLAN
2
Technical paper final project plan
Strayer University
1. Suggest at least five (5) expected business benefits that Especially for You Jewelers company might derive from a new system. Provide a rationale for your suggestions.
Compare with its present situation, the following benefits might be Especially for You Jewelers expects that a new system could derived.
1) Savings in Costs
a. Time Cost. A computerized system has an outstanding system performance of database consolidation and update, efficient sorting and searching of records, accurate inventory and financial calculations.
b. Cost of Labor. A smaller workforce, which requires a certain degree of expertise, is needed to operate the automated system as opposed to manual labor.
2) Customer Relationship Management (CRM).Details of customers' information and their purchases are integrated into the customer database for CRM purposes. These details are retrieved and automatically updated when the next purchase takes place. This helps Especially for You Jewelers identify customers and buyer behaviors as well as the latest and upcoming trends to cater to the current demands of society.
3) Inventory Control / Ad Hoc Reporting.The system would has the capability to produce sales and other reports such as monthly sales reports, consume pattern analysis, and more if such a need arises. These reports are used to evaluate the profitability of specials and marketing decision making support.
4) Increased Customer Satisfaction.The computer-based system provides a rapidly and responsive service while the customer service department provides comprehensive support and information, improve substantial satisfaction among customers. As a result, a satisfied customer retains loyalty and increases the sales revenue and profitability of the company over time.
5) Agile, customer-oriented business model. The system gives the company the capability to adjust the inventory or initiate a promotion according to the sales trend report and customers’ consume pattern analysis which based on CRM database.
2. Propose at least five (5) system capabilities for the company. Provide a rationale for your proposals.
a. Tracks and retrieves details such as customer particulars and information of each order. Assign a unique code to each transaction as its key attribute that can be tracked. Create a new entry to every new customer in the database whereas existing customers are sorted according to attributed transaction code.
b. Calculates the profit/loss margin of single transactions by necessary cost, which is calculated by a comprehensive algorithm based on the information retrieved from the system. And daily profit and loss reports are produced immediately at the end of the day, efficiency and accurately.
c. Builds a customer database to assists marketing to preparing special mailings and sales. That is based on a report that generated by ...
Walmart ExampleWe will use Walmart as an example to illustra.docxmelbruce90096
Walmart Example
We will use Walmart as an example to illustrate the various course concepts. The examples provided in this document are to assist you in understanding the concepts and applying them to the class assignments, which consist of a case study and four staged projects. The examples are provided for illustrative purposes only, and may not precisely conform to the specific directions given in the class assignments.
Business Analysis (Stage 1)
Applying Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
The Five Forces are explained in the reading assignments for Week 1. Below is an example showing the application of the Five Forces analysis to Walmart.
We know that Walmart’s objective is everyday low prices, which is their competitive advantage. When we look at the Five Forces model as applied to Walmart, we can determine that the Buyer Power of their customers is high because patrons have many other choices. However, customers expect and demand the lowest prices from Walmart, and they are willing to overlook, but not ignore, other factors like customer service, store location, and atmosphere.
Walmart's Suppliers have little power because of the sheer size of Walmart, and because being a Walmart supplier can provide huge sales potential. The suppliers must do what Walmart wants regarding business processes and technical requirements. They will also be pressured for lower prices, which may cause the suppliers to move production to lower priced labor markets.
The threat of substitute products means that customers can go elsewhere for the same or substitute items. There could be some threat here only because of web based stores as they may be able to have lower prices because of low overhead.
Threat of new entrants in the Brick and Mortar Store area is low, because of the costs involved in building stores and the infrastructure to support the business processes. The threat of new entrants in the Internet market would be high, because of the low costs involved and the potential to specialize in different areas with especially low prices.
Rivalry between competitors at a store level would be high and could be affected by the breadth of products and quality of customer service or even the cleanliness and appearance of the store. On a company level, Walmart’s Sales are $418 Billion and Target, their closest competitor’s has annual sales of $67 Billion, so while it may seem there is a large rivalry, the size of Walmart limits the threat.
For new entrants to compete with the Supplier:
If we look at the Five Forces Model from a Walmart Supplier’s perspective, we see that the Buyer Power that Walmart exerts is very high, because they will switch suppliers or eliminate the product if the pricing and process are not what they want.
The Supplier Power of the Supplier’s Supplier is low, because if they do not adhere to economic processes and furnish their products at low prices the Walmart Supplier cannot meet the requirements of Walmart.
T.
IT Requirements (Stage 3)In addition to the functional requireme.docxpriestmanmable
IT Requirements (Stage 3)
In addition to the functional requirements for a new system, the IT requirements must also be developed. We will do this by evaluating the applicability and importance of a list of IT characteristics. The requirements that are identified as relevant to the business process will form the IT (technical) requirements for a system. In evaluating and selecting an IT system, both the functional (business) requirements and the IT requirements need to be considered. The areas that need to be considered in developing the IT requirements are listed below in the Table of IT Requirements, which is similar to the one you will complete in the Stage 3 assignment. Only a few of the rankings and explanations are filled in here, but your table will rank and explain them all. (Be sure to use the table and instructions provided in the assignment.)
Requirement
High/Medium/Low Importance or Relevance or Not Applicable (N/A)
Explanation for Ranking
Usability
Maintainability
Scalability
Medium
The system must be able to handle an increase in the number of users and devices being used for Returns during peak hours. The same system is used for inventory and in the Checkout process, so the entire system needs to be able to handle a large volume of customers if necessary. Walmart expects its business to continue to grow, and returns will grow along with the rest of the business.
Reliability/ Availability
High
In order for the expedited process to work, the system must be up and running and be available for use. It must also process the return correctly. The system must be accurate in the information it provides.
Extensibility
Portability
N/A
There is no requirement for any or all of the system to be able to operate on multiple platforms. It does not need to work with different hardware or software. It only needs to operate in the environment as designed.
Security
Information Quality
Authentication
Business Continuity Plan
Cloud Computing
Enterprise Systems (ERP, CRM, SCM)
Communications
High
The Communication Network in the Walmart store must be operational in order for the devices to interface with the system. If the network is inoperable, the Greeter must revert to the old process. The internet connection must be operational for the data to be passed to the Corporate Headquarters system.
Database, Data Warehouse, Data Mining
Business Intelligence
Transaction Processing
Decision Support
Executive Information
Business-to-Business eCommerce
Business-to-Consumer eCommerce
In this particular case, only a few of the IT considerations evaluated above are unique to the customer return process. This is because there is a large transaction processing system (POS) and inventory system already in use. This solution is merely expanding the capability by making the return process portable and increasing the number of returns that can be processed at one time with no increase in staff. It also is important to note that so ...
process of buying an item in online store how it cuts across various function...Ankith kumar Darak
Product cut across the following functional lines
1)Marketing and sales (M/S)
2)Supply Chain Management (SCM)
3)Accounting and Finance (A/F)
Each of these areas is composed of many business functions which are activities specific to that functional area of operation.
*An ERP cloud allows handling updates, maintenance, user support and easy to access information across devices.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1. ABC Supermarket Case Studies – Use Case
Modeling & Analysis Workshop
Problem Statement
ABC requires a new point of sale and stock control system for their many stores throughout the UK to replace their
ageing mini based systems.
A sales assistant will be able to process an order by entering product numbers and required quantities into the
system. The system will display a description, price and available stock. In-stock products will normally be collected
immediately by the customer from the store but may be selected for delivery to the customer's home address for
which there will be a charge. If stock is not available the sales assistant will be able to create a backorder for the
product from a regional warehouse. The products will then either be delivered direct from the regional warehouse to
the customer's home address or to the store for collection by the customer. The system will allow products to be paid
for by cash or credit card. Credit card transactions will be validated via an online card transaction system. The system
will produce a receipt. Order details for in-stock products will be printed in the warehouse including the bin reference,
quantity, product number and description. These will be collected by the sales assistant and given to the customer.
The sales assistant will be able to make refunds, provided a valid receipt is produced. The sales assistant will also be
able to check stock and pricing without creating an order and progress orders that have been created for delivery.
The store manager will be able at any time to print a summary report of sales in the store for a given period, including
assignment of sales to sales assistants in order to calculate weekly sales bonuses.
The stock manager will be able to monitor stock levels and weekly run-rates in order to set minimum stock levels and
requisition products which fall below the minimum stock levels or for which demand is anticipated. When the stock
arrives it will be booked in by the warehouse person. Stock that has been backordered for collection from the store
is held in a separate area and the store manager advised of its arrival.
The catalogue of available products will be maintained remotely by marketing from head office. Marketing will also be
able to access sales information from each store system.
Use Case Analysis
In the problem statement below you will find a description of activity at the store. You should assume that the new computer
system will cover all the data-driven activity described at the store. Read through the problem statement and print it out if
you like.
Tool Selection
You can use a case tool – Visual Paradigm for UML for the case study or alternatively you can draw the diagrams on a
piece of paper.
Page 1 of 9
2. ABC Supermarket Workshop.doc
Tasks I:
Identify Actors & Their Roles
Identify Use Cases
Develop Use Case Diagram
Using the ABC Supermarket Problem Statement, create a use case diagram of the requirements for the supermarket
system. You do not have absolutely all the information you need to do this so you will have to guess. In the real world you
would ask the users or business representatives.
When you have something you think is close, have a look at the solution. Don't expect it to be identical. Come back and
update your solution later when you have more use case detail.
Deliverable:
Use Case Diagram
Hints:
As you develop the model remember the following:
Don't expect to get it all right in the first cut. The process is iterative.
Actors are ALWAYS outside the system being modeled.
Don't use it as a data flow diagram, it isn't.
Think carefully about the text in the problem statement. Not every verb/noun combination is the name of a use case.
Many are only steps in a use case and don't appear on the use case diagram at all.
Task II:
Use the Use Case Document template to develop the use case description of the basic flow of the use case “Process
Order”.
Deliverable:
Use Case Description – Basic Flow of Events (Normal Scenario) for the “Process Order” Use Case.
Tips & Guidelines:
Write short simple numbered sentences.
Try to stick to interactions across the system boundary.
As you think of possible alternate flows, add them an alternate flow names, but do not elaborate them. Finish the basic
flow first.
Use the Problem Statement as your information source remembering that it is not complete and that you will have to be
creative in places.
Try to visualize the Process Order Screen that the sales assistant will be using. If this is difficult then draw a visual
prototype using drawing tools or just pencil and paper.
The solution has 23 numbered sentences of which 21 are actual interactions across the system boundary. Don't expect
to get all of them but if you have less than 12 then you are probably writing at too high a level.
Remember that there are two interactions needed with the card transaction system, one to validate the card and the
second to execute the transaction.
If you are having troubles getting started then try using the Step-by-Step outline below.
Page 2 of 9
3. ABC Supermarket Workshop.doc
Task III:
In line 4 of the Basic Flow the system displays the available stock. At this point the sales assistant may choose to place
a backorder for all or part of the requirement. The system has access to the stock available in the regional
warehouses that supply the stores. The sales assistant could order from any regional warehouse that has stock. Write
an alternate flow that allows the sales assistant to view the stock in the regional warehouses and choose one,
preferably the nearest and create the requisition on the regional warehouse. Allow the backorder to be delivered
direct to the customer or to the local store for collection.
Deliverable:
The extension use case “Make Backorder” for “Process Order” use case
Tips & Guidelines
Remember to include the 4 essential elements of an alternate flow:
Where it inserts itself;
Under what conditions it runs;
What is done written as you would for any other flow;
Whether it returns, and to where, or terminates.
Page 3 of 9
4. ABC Supermarket Workshop.doc
Solution:
Step-by-Step Helps:
Step Instruction
1 Find Product
2 Specify required quantity
3 Specify fulfillment
4 Iterate
5 Record customer details
6 Take payment
7 Confirm order
8 Print invoice and picking note
Task I: ABC Supermarket - Use Case Diagram
Using Visual Paradigm for UML to Identify Actors
Page 4 of 9
5. ABC Supermarket Workshop.doc
Using Visual Paradigm for UML to Identify Use Cases
Using Visual Paradigm for UML to draw Use Case Diagram of ABC Supermarket System
Page 5 of 9
6. ABC Supermarket Workshop.doc
Task II
Use Case Basic Flow of Events
Description
Pre - Conditions: The user is logged on
Basic Flow of 1. The sales assistant tells the system to process an order
Events 2. The system displays the order screen to the sales assistant
3. The sales assistant enters the product number into the system
4. The system displays the description, unit price and available stock to the sales
assistant
5. The sales assistant enters the required quantity into the system
6. The system displays the total price for the order line to the sales assistant
7. The system displays the total order price to the sales assistant
8. The sales assistant selects delivery or collection to the system
9. The system displays the selection to the sales assistant
10. Steps 3) to 9) may be repeated for further order lines
11. The sales assistant enters the customer's name and address into the system.
12. The system displays the customer's name and address to the sales assistant.
13. The sales assistant enters the credit card details into the system
14. The system verify the credit card details and total order value
15. The system prints a credit card slip to the sales assistant
16. The sales assistant confirms that the customer has signed the slip to the system
17. The system confirms the transaction
18. The system records the order together with the payment details
19. The system decrements the stock
20. The system prints an invoice to the sales assistant
21. The system prints the picking note to the warehouse person including the bin
reference, product number, quantity and description
Alternate Flows Accept Cash
Handle Credit Card Failure
Make Backorder
Handle Invalid Product Number
Cancel
Page 6 of 9
8. ABC Supermarket Workshop.doc
Task III:
Alternate Flow of Events - Make Backorder
1. If, at line 5) of the Basic Flow, the sales assistant chooses to backorder the selected product, then:
2. The system displays the backorder screen to the sales assistant
3. The system displays the available warehouses to the sales assistant
4. The sales assistant selects a warehouse on the system
5. The system displays the available stock for the product at that warehouse to the sales assistant
6. The sales assistant enters the required quantity for the backorder into the system
7. The system displays the required quantity to the sales assistant
8. The sales assistant selects delivery or collection on the system
9. The system displays the backorder information as an order line on the order screen to the sales assistant
10. The use case restarts at line 10) in the basic flow
Step 1 Step 3
Step 2 Step 4
Creating Extend Use Case in Visual Paradigm for UML
Page 8 of 9