Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in electric circuits including:
1. An electric circuit connects an energy source to an energy consuming device through conducting wires that allow electric charges to move. Electromotive force drives current, measured in amperes, through a circuit.
2. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. Resistance depends on the material's resistivity and dimensions. Components like resistors control current in circuits.
3. Electric power, measured in watts, is calculated by multiplying voltage by current. This relates to the energy delivered by a circuit over time for devices that function as resistors.
The document provides an overview of an introduction to electrical engineering, including a brief history of the field from Gilbert discovering electricity in 1600 to the development of integrated circuits and microprocessors in the late 20th century. It also outlines some of the core concepts and principles of electrical engineering like charge, current, voltage, power, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and circuit analysis. Assignments and expectations for the course are presented as well.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
This document describes improvements to a steering mechanism that provides power-assisted steering. It involves a mechanism that connects the steering column to the input of the steering gear to allow limited relative angular movement, and converts this movement to axial movement of the steering column. This axial movement operates a valve to control the supply of power to a power unit for power assistance. The steering column is spring-loaded to return to the neutral position, and only a small amount of axial movement is needed to operate the valve. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate examples of this mechanism incorporated into steering systems.
1) The document describes an electronic switching unit comprising two tubes (Bla and Bib) that can alternately conduct or not conduct based on the control grid voltage of the first tube (Bla).
2) The switching unit uses voltage dividers to regenerate the amplitude of the applied switching potential and output nominal and inverted values of the potential at its terminals.
3) By applying multiple switching units in series and connecting their reference potentials, only one voltage source is needed to power the circuit.
This document describes an electronic switching unit patent from 1957. The switching unit contains two tubes (which can be a single double-triode tube) that are controlled such that one tube is conductive while the other is non-conductive. Voltage dividers are used to regenerate the switching voltages without needing additional elements. The switching unit is suitable for use in code converters and binary computer systems to invert switching potentials with a small amplitude.
This document describes an electronic switching unit patent from 1957. The switching unit contains two tubes (which can be a single double-triode tube) that are controlled such that one tube is conductive while the other is non-conductive. Voltage dividers are used to regenerate the switching voltages without needing additional elements. The switching unit is suitable for use in code converters and binary computer systems to invert switching potentials with a small amplitude.
This document describes patent GB780002 (A) for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. Specifically:
1) The patent is for an electronic switching circuit with a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors, and switching units that can reproduce or invert input voltages.
2) It allows rectifiers and resistors to be connected to the central conductor on one side and a voltage source on the other.
3) The switching units compensate for voltage drops across the circuit and can reproduce or invert input voltages between +/- 10V.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in electric circuits including:
1. An electric circuit connects an energy source to an energy consuming device through conducting wires that allow electric charges to move. Electromotive force drives current, measured in amperes, through a circuit.
2. Ohm's law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. Resistance depends on the material's resistivity and dimensions. Components like resistors control current in circuits.
3. Electric power, measured in watts, is calculated by multiplying voltage by current. This relates to the energy delivered by a circuit over time for devices that function as resistors.
The document provides an overview of an introduction to electrical engineering, including a brief history of the field from Gilbert discovering electricity in 1600 to the development of integrated circuits and microprocessors in the late 20th century. It also outlines some of the core concepts and principles of electrical engineering like charge, current, voltage, power, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and circuit analysis. Assignments and expectations for the course are presented as well.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
This document describes improvements to a steering mechanism that provides power-assisted steering. It involves a mechanism that connects the steering column to the input of the steering gear to allow limited relative angular movement, and converts this movement to axial movement of the steering column. This axial movement operates a valve to control the supply of power to a power unit for power assistance. The steering column is spring-loaded to return to the neutral position, and only a small amount of axial movement is needed to operate the valve. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate examples of this mechanism incorporated into steering systems.
1) The document describes an electronic switching unit comprising two tubes (Bla and Bib) that can alternately conduct or not conduct based on the control grid voltage of the first tube (Bla).
2) The switching unit uses voltage dividers to regenerate the amplitude of the applied switching potential and output nominal and inverted values of the potential at its terminals.
3) By applying multiple switching units in series and connecting their reference potentials, only one voltage source is needed to power the circuit.
This document describes an electronic switching unit patent from 1957. The switching unit contains two tubes (which can be a single double-triode tube) that are controlled such that one tube is conductive while the other is non-conductive. Voltage dividers are used to regenerate the switching voltages without needing additional elements. The switching unit is suitable for use in code converters and binary computer systems to invert switching potentials with a small amplitude.
This document describes an electronic switching unit patent from 1957. The switching unit contains two tubes (which can be a single double-triode tube) that are controlled such that one tube is conductive while the other is non-conductive. Voltage dividers are used to regenerate the switching voltages without needing additional elements. The switching unit is suitable for use in code converters and binary computer systems to invert switching potentials with a small amplitude.
This document describes patent GB780002 (A) for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. Specifically:
1) The patent is for an electronic switching circuit with a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors, and switching units that can reproduce or invert input voltages.
2) It allows rectifiers and resistors to be connected to the central conductor on one side and a voltage source on the other.
3) The switching units compensate for voltage drops across the circuit and can reproduce or invert input voltages between +/- 10V.
This document describes patent GB780002 for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. It includes a detailed description of the circuit components, including a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors and switching units. The circuit allows for voltages to be reproduced or inverted at the switching unit outputs depending on the input voltages. Multiple circuit arrangements can be connected together using coupling rectifiers to control or be controlled by each other. The circuit has applications in devices like code converters.
This document describes patent GB780002 (A) for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. It includes a detailed description of the circuit components, including a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors and switching units. The circuit allows for rectifiers to act as either controlling or controlled components depending on how they are connected between relay circuits. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate example circuit configurations. The switching circuit can be used in applications like code converters to convert between binary input signals and converted output codes.
A High Resistance Connection (HRC) is a problem that results from loose or poor connections in traditional electrical accessories and switchgear which can cause heat to develop, capable of starting a fire. Safety devices such as fuses and Residual-current devices (RCDs) are unable to detect thermal rise and disconnect the electrical supply because they cannot sense HRC. A safety device to prevent HRC operates by effectively monitoring for abnormal thermal rise and will prevent ignition, smoke or burning odour of the electrical accessory or electrical installation.
Electromagnetic wave receiver comprising a dielectric resonator antennaPierre LARREGLE
An electromagnetic wave receiver comprising a dielectric resonator antenna and to application in a receiver with a phased array antenna. The receiver comprises a dielectric resonator antenna and a circuit for processing signals delivered by the antenna.
The document describes several embodiments of a spark-cutting apparatus that uses capacitors and circuitry to eliminate direct current flow from a power source to a spark gap. This prevents excessive electrode erosion. The apparatus uses two capacitors connected in series to block direct current flow. Alternate embodiments use an alternating current source to charge the capacitors and include additional components like inductors, transformers, and switches to control the timing and frequency of spark discharges.
This patent describes improvements to capacitor design for high current applications. It discloses a capacitor that includes an expandable part on the housing. When a fault occurs inside the housing, the expandable part expands and causes the housing to extend in length and contact an external interrupter. The external interrupter includes an electrode and sensing circuit. The sensing circuit detects contact between the housing and electrode, and sends a signal to disconnect the capacitor from the external circuit. This design allows for fault detection without an internal fault interrupter, making the capacitor simpler and less costly to manufacture.
This document describes an electron discharge device with improvements for reading and writing information. It discusses prior art barrier-grid storage tubes and issues with collecting secondary electrons from the target. The invention addresses this by reading signals directly from the target and applying writing signals to the back plate through a coaxial transmission line, effectively isolating the input and output circuits. This eliminates problems like shading and increases signal magnitude.
This document describes several patents related to electroluminescent devices and electronically controlled counting devices. It provides details of GB785884 (A) which describes an oscillator circuit using a transistor to operate an electroluminescent panel at high frequencies. It also summarizes GB785885 (A) which involves an electronic counting device that uses light beams and photoelectric cells to count objects entering and exiting an enclosure and indicate the difference.
This patent document describes improvements relating to nuclear reactors. It discloses a circuit for operating an electroluminescent device using a transistor oscillator powered by a low voltage source. The circuit includes a transistor, a transformer with primary, secondary, and feedback windings, and connections to power the transistor and connect the secondary winding to the electroluminescent device. The circuit is capable of generating sinusoidal or relaxation oscillations to power the device. Various component values that allow different modes of operation are provided as examples.
The document describes several Canadian patents related to hydrogen generation and utilization systems. It includes descriptions of a hydrogen gas generator that uses electric current to dissociate hydrogen and oxygen from water, and a system to impart magnetic fields to the gases and use them to induce electric current in a secondary winding. The system is intended to produce a greater voltage/current than previous systems and can be used in a closed loop with the hydrogen generator or directed to a hydrogen burner.
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
The patent describes a capacitor with an expandable part that is designed to contact an external interrupter in the event of a fault. The expandable part is located on the capacitor housing and expands to increase the length of the housing when a fault occurs inside. This allows the housing to contact an external electrode connected to an external sensing circuit. The external sensing circuit then detects the contact and sends a signal to disconnect the capacitor from its power supply. The design provides overpressure protection for high current capacitors without requiring internal fault interrupters.
This patent application describes a system for generating electricity using a thermoelectric generator with a hot source and a cold source. The hot source is heat from within the earth's crust, which can be accessed through wells or boreholes drilled deep underground. The cold source is cold water from a body of water, like an ocean. Pumps circulate a fluid through pipes between the hot underground reservoir and the thermoelectric generator to transfer heat. The temperature difference between the hot and cold sources generates electricity via the thermoelectric effect without pollution or costly infrastructure.
This document describes Peter Grandics' invention of a pyramid-shaped capacitor that can convert electrostatic energy into usable electrical energy. It discusses how wrapping a coil around a pyramid-shaped electrode that is charged with high voltage DC produces an alternating current that can be rectified. The pyramid shape allows for maximal conversion of DC electrostatic energy into an AC current without any moving parts. It also references prior art on electrostatic generators and discusses potential applications of tapping atmospheric electrostatic energy sources using this method.
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
Application of Dielectric Spectroscopy to Monitor Insulating Materials ahmdfurkan
PDC measurements, it was found that polarization and depolarization currents increase with temperature increase. Also, the shape of polarization current changes as temperature increases
Drying of the transformer shows a significant reduction of the polarization/depolarization currents.
Moisture and aging have great effect on dielectric response of oil-paper insulation in frequency domain both of them will cause the increase of tan δ
Diagnostics of oil-paper insulation based on Frequency Domain Spectroscopy has great advantage over traditional techniques for its simple operation and non-destructive
EC8252 NOTES 3rd to 5th unit_compressed.pdfkabileshsk2
This document contains a question bank for the course EC8252 - Electronic Devices at Jansons Institute of Technology. It includes 20 multiple choice questions in Part A covering topics like PN junction diodes, diffusion current, drift current, and more. Part B contains 18 numerical and conceptual questions related to PN junction diode characteristics, IV curves, reverse saturation current, and other diode parameters.
The document serves as a study guide for students taking the EC8252 exam, testing their understanding of fundamental electronic device concepts through a variety of questions.
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
This document describes patent GB780002 for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. It includes a detailed description of the circuit components, including a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors and switching units. The circuit allows for voltages to be reproduced or inverted at the switching unit outputs depending on the input voltages. Multiple circuit arrangements can be connected together using coupling rectifiers to control or be controlled by each other. The circuit has applications in devices like code converters.
This document describes patent GB780002 (A) for an electronic switching circuit arrangement. It includes a detailed description of the circuit components, including a central conductor, rectifiers, resistors and switching units. The circuit allows for rectifiers to act as either controlling or controlled components depending on how they are connected between relay circuits. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate example circuit configurations. The switching circuit can be used in applications like code converters to convert between binary input signals and converted output codes.
A High Resistance Connection (HRC) is a problem that results from loose or poor connections in traditional electrical accessories and switchgear which can cause heat to develop, capable of starting a fire. Safety devices such as fuses and Residual-current devices (RCDs) are unable to detect thermal rise and disconnect the electrical supply because they cannot sense HRC. A safety device to prevent HRC operates by effectively monitoring for abnormal thermal rise and will prevent ignition, smoke or burning odour of the electrical accessory or electrical installation.
Electromagnetic wave receiver comprising a dielectric resonator antennaPierre LARREGLE
An electromagnetic wave receiver comprising a dielectric resonator antenna and to application in a receiver with a phased array antenna. The receiver comprises a dielectric resonator antenna and a circuit for processing signals delivered by the antenna.
The document describes several embodiments of a spark-cutting apparatus that uses capacitors and circuitry to eliminate direct current flow from a power source to a spark gap. This prevents excessive electrode erosion. The apparatus uses two capacitors connected in series to block direct current flow. Alternate embodiments use an alternating current source to charge the capacitors and include additional components like inductors, transformers, and switches to control the timing and frequency of spark discharges.
This patent describes improvements to capacitor design for high current applications. It discloses a capacitor that includes an expandable part on the housing. When a fault occurs inside the housing, the expandable part expands and causes the housing to extend in length and contact an external interrupter. The external interrupter includes an electrode and sensing circuit. The sensing circuit detects contact between the housing and electrode, and sends a signal to disconnect the capacitor from the external circuit. This design allows for fault detection without an internal fault interrupter, making the capacitor simpler and less costly to manufacture.
This document describes an electron discharge device with improvements for reading and writing information. It discusses prior art barrier-grid storage tubes and issues with collecting secondary electrons from the target. The invention addresses this by reading signals directly from the target and applying writing signals to the back plate through a coaxial transmission line, effectively isolating the input and output circuits. This eliminates problems like shading and increases signal magnitude.
This document describes several patents related to electroluminescent devices and electronically controlled counting devices. It provides details of GB785884 (A) which describes an oscillator circuit using a transistor to operate an electroluminescent panel at high frequencies. It also summarizes GB785885 (A) which involves an electronic counting device that uses light beams and photoelectric cells to count objects entering and exiting an enclosure and indicate the difference.
This patent document describes improvements relating to nuclear reactors. It discloses a circuit for operating an electroluminescent device using a transistor oscillator powered by a low voltage source. The circuit includes a transistor, a transformer with primary, secondary, and feedback windings, and connections to power the transistor and connect the secondary winding to the electroluminescent device. The circuit is capable of generating sinusoidal or relaxation oscillations to power the device. Various component values that allow different modes of operation are provided as examples.
The document describes several Canadian patents related to hydrogen generation and utilization systems. It includes descriptions of a hydrogen gas generator that uses electric current to dissociate hydrogen and oxygen from water, and a system to impart magnetic fields to the gases and use them to induce electric current in a secondary winding. The system is intended to produce a greater voltage/current than previous systems and can be used in a closed loop with the hydrogen generator or directed to a hydrogen burner.
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
The patent describes a capacitor with an expandable part that is designed to contact an external interrupter in the event of a fault. The expandable part is located on the capacitor housing and expands to increase the length of the housing when a fault occurs inside. This allows the housing to contact an external electrode connected to an external sensing circuit. The external sensing circuit then detects the contact and sends a signal to disconnect the capacitor from its power supply. The design provides overpressure protection for high current capacitors without requiring internal fault interrupters.
This patent application describes a system for generating electricity using a thermoelectric generator with a hot source and a cold source. The hot source is heat from within the earth's crust, which can be accessed through wells or boreholes drilled deep underground. The cold source is cold water from a body of water, like an ocean. Pumps circulate a fluid through pipes between the hot underground reservoir and the thermoelectric generator to transfer heat. The temperature difference between the hot and cold sources generates electricity via the thermoelectric effect without pollution or costly infrastructure.
This document describes Peter Grandics' invention of a pyramid-shaped capacitor that can convert electrostatic energy into usable electrical energy. It discusses how wrapping a coil around a pyramid-shaped electrode that is charged with high voltage DC produces an alternating current that can be rectified. The pyramid shape allows for maximal conversion of DC electrostatic energy into an AC current without any moving parts. It also references prior art on electrostatic generators and discusses potential applications of tapping atmospheric electrostatic energy sources using this method.
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
Application of Dielectric Spectroscopy to Monitor Insulating Materials ahmdfurkan
PDC measurements, it was found that polarization and depolarization currents increase with temperature increase. Also, the shape of polarization current changes as temperature increases
Drying of the transformer shows a significant reduction of the polarization/depolarization currents.
Moisture and aging have great effect on dielectric response of oil-paper insulation in frequency domain both of them will cause the increase of tan δ
Diagnostics of oil-paper insulation based on Frequency Domain Spectroscopy has great advantage over traditional techniques for its simple operation and non-destructive
EC8252 NOTES 3rd to 5th unit_compressed.pdfkabileshsk2
This document contains a question bank for the course EC8252 - Electronic Devices at Jansons Institute of Technology. It includes 20 multiple choice questions in Part A covering topics like PN junction diodes, diffusion current, drift current, and more. Part B contains 18 numerical and conceptual questions related to PN junction diode characteristics, IV curves, reverse saturation current, and other diode parameters.
The document serves as a study guide for students taking the EC8252 exam, testing their understanding of fundamental electronic device concepts through a variety of questions.
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
Stanley A Meyer Legacy Back up Secret Docs Save all Protect Spread print and give to schools NEVER STOP!!!!!!! Join Support here https://www.patreon.com/securesupplies/shop
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Inventors and entrepreneurs have vocations fueled by passion. Many would have done it for free or as a hobby if it hadn’t become a profession. Mark Rosenzweig is a natural creator, driven by his passion. This fuel has led Mark to develop his ideas into viable products and innovations that he has been patenting since 2003. From an innovative filter sensor and indicator for vacuum cleaners to a basket for deep fryer and methods of cooking food products to a compact cyclonic bagless vacuum cleaner. Sometimes independently and often as part of creative teams, Mark has patented just under one hundred innovative inventions between 2003 and 2017.
Structural Design Process: Step-by-Step Guide for BuildingsChandresh Chudasama
The structural design process is explained: Follow our step-by-step guide to understand building design intricacies and ensure structural integrity. Learn how to build wonderful buildings with the help of our detailed information. Learn how to create structures with durability and reliability and also gain insights on ways of managing structures.
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSS
How to Implement a Real Estate CRM SoftwareSalesTown
To implement a CRM for real estate, set clear goals, choose a CRM with key real estate features, and customize it to your needs. Migrate your data, train your team, and use automation to save time. Monitor performance, ensure data security, and use the CRM to enhance marketing. Regularly check its effectiveness to improve your business.
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
How MJ Global Leads the Packaging Industry.pdfMJ Global
MJ Global's success in staying ahead of the curve in the packaging industry is a testament to its dedication to innovation, sustainability, and customer-centricity. By embracing technological advancements, leading in eco-friendly solutions, collaborating with industry leaders, and adapting to evolving consumer preferences, MJ Global continues to set new standards in the packaging sector.
How are Lilac French Bulldogs Beauty Charming the World and Capturing Hearts....Lacey Max
“After being the most listed dog breed in the United States for 31
years in a row, the Labrador Retriever has dropped to second place
in the American Kennel Club's annual survey of the country's most
popular canines. The French Bulldog is the new top dog in the
United States as of 2022. The stylish puppy has ascended the
rankings in rapid time despite having health concerns and limited
color choices.”
Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024SEOSMMEARTH
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
If You Want To More Information just Contact Now:
Skype: SEOSMMEARTH
Telegram: @seosmmearth
Gmail: seosmmearth@gmail.com
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...Neil Horowitz
On episode 272 of the Digital and Social Media Sports Podcast, Neil chatted with Brian Fitzsimmons, Director of Licensing and Business Development for Barstool Sports.
What follows is a collection of snippets from the podcast. To hear the full interview and more, check out the podcast on all podcast platforms and at www.dsmsports.net
Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...
Us20060042932 a1
1. (19) United States
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US2006/0042932A1
Rosenzweig et al.
US 20060042932A1
(43) Pub. Date: Mar. 2, 2006
(54) APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR
ELECTROPLATING AWORKPIECE
(76)
(21)
(22)
(51)
Inventors: MarkAlan Rosenzweig, Hamilton, OH
(US); Michael Howard Rucker,
Cincinnati, OH (US); John D. Evans
SR., Springfield, OH (US)
Correspondence Address:
DOUGLAS E. ERICKSON
2000 COURTHOUSE PLAZA NE
P.O. BOX 8801
DAYTON, OH 45401-8801 (US)
Appl. No.: 10/925,649
Filed: Aug. 25, 2004
Publication Classification
Int. Cl.
B23H 3/02 (2006.01)
C25D 2III2 (2006.01)
14
42
RECTFER
34
ANODE FIXTURE
f is 36
PRIMARY
ANODE
(52) U.S. Cl. ................ 204/230.2; 204/228.1; 204/229.4
(57) ABSTRACT
Apparatus forelectroplating a workpiece includes a primary
electroplating anode, an auxiliary electroplating anode, and
a resistor. The resistor is electrically connected in Series to
one of the primary and auxiliary electroplating anodes. The
primary and auxiliary electroplating anodes are electrically
connectable in parallel to an electrolyte. A method for
electroplatinga workpiece includes obtainingan electrolyte,
a primary electroplating anode, and an auxiliary electroplat
ing anode. The workpiece and the primary and auxiliary
electroplating anodes are positioned in contact with the
electrolyte. Electric current is applied through the primary
electroplating anode at a first amperage and through the
auxiliary electroplating anode at a different Second amper
age.
1 O
38 18
RESISTOR
16
AUXLARY
ANODE
ELECTROLYTE
A WORKPIECE 22
12
CATHODE FIXTURE
2. Patent Application Publication Mar. 2, 2006 Sheet 1 of 2 US 2006/0042932 A1
/
ANODE FIXTURE
(-4. 36 38 18
RESISTOR
16
1 O
34
14
PRIMARY AUXLARY
ANODE ANODE
42 ELECTROLYTE
12RECTFER 2O
A WORKPIECE 22
CATHODE FIXTURE
4O
F.G. 1
4. US 2006/0042932 A1
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR
ELECTROPLATING AWORKPIECE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
0001. The present invention relates generally to applying
a coating on a workpiece, and more particularly to an
apparatus and method for electroplating a workpiece.
0002. It is known to coat turbine airfoils, such as turbine
airfoils of an aircraft engine, with platinum aluminide dif
fusion coatings for protection against high temperature
oxidation and corrosion. To develop the platinum aluminide
coating, the parts are firstplatinum electroplated. It isknown
to use the electrolyte Pt(NH), HPO, for platinum electro
plating turbine airfoils.
0003. In a known electroplating method, a primary elec
troplating anode and an auxiliary electroplating anode are
electrically connected in parallel to an anode fixture and the
electrolyte. A cathode fixture is connected in Series to, and
Supports, the workpiece which is in contact with the elec
trolyte. AVoltage is applied across the anode fixture and the
cathode fixture for electroplating the workpiece. However,
some electrolytes, such as Pt(NH), HPO, are not well
Suited to achieving a uniform deposition over complex
shapes.
0004 Still, scientists and engineers continue to seek
improved apparatus and methods for electroplating a work
piece.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
0005. A first expression of an embodiment of the inven
tion is apparatus for electroplatinga workpiece and includes
a primary electroplating anode, an auxiliary electroplating
anode, and a resistor. The resistor iselectrically connected in
Series to one of the primary and auxiliary electroplating
anodes. The primary and auxiliary electroplating anodes are
electrically connectable in parallel to an electrolyte.
0006 Afirst method ofthe invention is for electroplating
a workpiece and includes Several Steps. One Step includes
obtaining an electrolyte, a primary electroplatinganode, and
an auxiliary electroplating anode. Another Step includes
positioning the workpiece and the primary and auxiliary
electroplating anodes in contact with the electrolyte.
Another Step includes applying electric current through the
primary electroplating anode at a first amperage and through
the auxiliary electroplating anode at a different Second
amperage.
0007. In one example of the first method and the first
expression of an embodiment of the invention, the work
piece is a turbine nozzle doublet having two airfoils and
having an inner band and an outer band each connecting
together the two airfoils, the primary electroplating anode is
positioned outward of the two airfoils, the auxiliary elec
troplating anode has at least a portion which is positioned
between the two airfoils, and the resistance ofthe resistor is
chosen to achieve a more uniform platinum deposition on
inter-airfoil-facing Surfaces of the two airfoils over that
achieved in the absence of the resistor.
Mar. 2, 2006
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
0008. The accompanying drawing illustrates an embodi
ment of the invention wherein:
0009 FIG. 1 is a schematic electrical-connection dia
gram of an embodiment of apparatus of the invention for
electroplating a workpiece; and
0010 FIG. 2 is a schematic front elevational view of a
turbine airfoil doublet example of the workpiece of FIG. 1
together with the primary electroplating anode of FIG. 1
located outward of the two airfoils of the turbine airfoil
doublet and with the auxiliary electroplating anode of FIG.
1 located between the two airfoils, and with the electrical
connections and the remainingcomponents of FIG. 1 omit
ted for clarity.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
INVENTION
0011 Referring now to the drawing, FIGS. 1-2 disclose
an embodiment of the invention. A first expression of the
embodiment of FIGS. 1-2 is apparatus 10 for electroplating
a workpiece 12. The apparatus 10 includes a primary elec
troplating anode 14, an auxiliary electroplating anode 16,
and a resistor 18. The resistor 18 is electrically connected in
Series to one of the primary and auxiliary electroplating
anodes 14 and 16. The primary and auxiliary electroplating
anodes 14 and 16 are electrically connectable (and in one
arrangement electrically connected) in parallel to an elec
trolyte 20. It is noted that describingthe apparatus ashaving
a particular component (Such as a primary electroplating
anode) means that the apparatus has at least one particular
component (Such as at least one primary electroplating
anode).
0012. In one enablement of the first expression of the
embodiment of FIGS. 1-2, the resistor 18 is electrically
connected in Series to the auxiliary electroplating anode 16.
In the same or a different enablement, the workpiece 12 has
a workpiece shape, and the auxiliary electroplating anode 16
has an auxiliary-anode shape which conforms at least in part
to the workpiece shape. In one example, the workpiece is a
turbine nozzle doublet 22 having two airfoils 24 and 26 and
having an inner band 28 and an outer band 30 each con
necting together the two airfoils 24 and 26. In one modifi
cation, the resistor 18 is a variable resistor. In a different
modification, the resistor 18 is a fixed resistor.
0013) A second expression of the embodiment of FIGS.
1-2 is apparatus 10 for electroplating a turbine nozzle
doublet22 havingtwo airfoils24 and26 and havingan inner
band 28 and an outer band 30 each connecting together the
two airfoils 24 and26. The apparatus 10 includes a primary
electroplating anode 14, an auxiliary electroplating anode
16, and a resistor 18. The primary electroplating anode 14 is
disposable (and inone arrangement disposed)outward ofthe
two airfoils24and26. The auxiliary electroplatinganode 16
has at least a portion which is disposable (and in one
arrangement disposed) between the two airfoils 24 and 26.
The resistor 18 is electrically connected in series to the
auxiliary electroplating anode 16. The primary and auxiliary
electroplating anodes 14 and 16 are electrically connectable
in parallel to an electrolyte 20.
0014. In one enablement of the second expression of the
embodiment of FIGS. 1-2, the electrolyte 20 is disposed in
5. US 2006/0042932 A1
contact with the two airfoils 24 and 26 and with the primary
and auxiliary electroplating anodes 14 and 16. In one choice
of materials, the electrolyte 20 comprises (and in one
example consists essentially of) Pt(NH), HPO, In one
modification, the resistor 18 is a variable resistor. In a
different modification, the resistor 18 is a fixed resistor
having a resistance chosen to Substantially increase platinum
deposition on inter-airfoil-facingSurfaces ofthe two airfoils
24 and 26 over that in the absence of the resistor 18 and to
avoid any Substantial deposited platinum blistering. In one
example, the portion ofthe auxiliary electroplatinganode 16
which is disposable between the two airfoils has a shape of
Substantially a plate covered with an anode mesh (the
electrochemically active portion ofthe auxiliary electroplat
ing anode).
0.015 Afirst method ofthe invention is for electroplating
a workpiece 12 and includesSeveral Steps. One Step includes
obtaining an electrolyte 20, a primary electroplating anode
14, and an auxiliary electroplating anode 16. Another Step
includes disposing the workpiece 12 and the primary and
auxiliary electroplating anodes 14 and 16 in contact with the
electrolyte 20. Another Step includes applying electric cur
rent through the primary electroplating anode 14 at a first
amperage and through the auxiliary electroplating anode 16
at a different Second amperage.
0016. In one employment of the first method, the work
piece 12 includes two spaced apart workpiece portions,
wherein the primary electroplating anode 14 is disposed
outward of the two Spaced-apart workpiece portions, and
wherein the auxiliary electroplating anode 16 has at least a
portion which is disposed between the two Spaced-apart
Workpiece portions. In one choice of materials, the electro
lyte 20 comprises (and in one example consists essentially
of) Pt(NH), HPO. In one variation, the secondamperage is
chosen to Substantially increase platinum deposition on
areas of the workpiece 12 between the two Spaced-apart
Workpiece portions over that of equal first and Second
amperages and is chosen to Substantially avoid deposited
platinum blistering. In one employment of the first method,
the workpiece 12 is a turbine nozzle doublet 22 having two
airfoils24 and 26 and having an inner band 28 and an outer
band30 each connecting together the two airfoils24 and26.
0.017. A second method of the invention is for electro
plating a turbine nozzle doublet 22 having two airfoils 24
and 26 and having an inner band 28 and an outer band 30
each connecting together the two airfoils 24 and 26. The
Second method includes Several Steps. One Step includes
obtaining an electrolyte 20 comprising (and in one example
consisting essentially of) Pt(NH4)HPO. Another step
includes obtaining a primary electroplating anode 14, an
auxiliary electroplating anode 16, a resistor 18, and an anode
fixture 34. Another Step includes disposing the two airfoils
24 and 26 and the primary and auxiliary electroplating
anodes 14 and 16 in contact with the electrolyte 20. Another
Step includes creating a circuit having two branches 36 and
38 in parallel electrical connection with the anode fixture 34
and the electrolyte 20, wherein one 36 of the two parallel
branches 36 and 38 includes the primary electroplating
anode 14, and wherein the other 38 of the two parallel
branches 34 and 36 includes in series connection the aux
iliary electroplating anode 16 and the resistor 18. Another
Step includes applying a Voltage across the turbine nozzle
Mar. 2, 2006
doublet 22 and the anode fixture 34. In one example, the
auxiliary electroplating anode 16 is a conforming anode.
0018. In one modification of the second method, the
resistor 18 is a variable resistor. In one variation, there is also
included repeating the above-described Steps of the Second
method for additional turbine nozzle doublets 22 for various
values of resistance of the variable resistor. In one extension
of this variation, there is also included the Step of choosing
one of the various values of resistance which Substantially
increases platinum deposition on inter-airfoil-facing Sur
faces of the two airfoils 24 and 26 over that in the absence
ofthe resistor 18 and which avoids any substantial deposited
platinum blistering. In one option, the resistance of the
variable resistor isSet at the chosen one of the various values
of resistance, and the Steps of the Second method are
thereafter repeated for electroplating other turbine nozzle
doublets 22. In a different modification of the second
method, the resistor 18 is a fixed resistor having a resistance
chosen which Substantially increasesplatinum deposition on
inter-airfoil-facing surfaces of the two airfoils 24 and 26
over that in the absence of the resistor 18 and which avoids
any Substantial deposited platinum blistering.
0019. It is noted that the previously-described enable
ments, examples, modifications, etc. of any of the methods
and expressions ofthe embodiment of FIGS. 1-2 are equally
applicable to any one or more or all of the other of the
methods and expressions of the embodiment of FIGS. 1-2.
In any one or more or all of the previously-described
methodsandexpressions ofan embodimentofthe invention,
there is included a cathode fixture 40 and a rectifier 42. In
one arrangement, the cathode fixture 40 Supports, and is
electrically connected to the workpiece 12 (Such as the
turbine nozzle doublet22). In one variation, the rectifier 42
is electrically connected to the anode fixture 34 and the
cathode fixture 40. In one modification, the direction of
electric current is as shown by arrow 44 in FIG. 1. In one
employment, the primary electroplating anode 14 has a
shape of a flat Screen. In one application, additional primary
and Secondary electroplating anodes are employed Such as,
without limitation, when electroplating Several workpieces
at one time.
0020 Applicants performed a first set of experiments
electroplating a turbine nozzle doublet 22 having a Surface
area of Substantially 206 Square centimeters using an elec
trolyte 20 consisting essentially of Pt(NH), HPO, using a
primary electroplating anode 14 having a Surface area of
Substantially 290Square centimeters, and using an auxiliary
electroplating anode 16 including an anode mesh portion
having a Surface area of generally 3.2 Square centimeters.
When all ofthe current was allowed to pass only through the
primary electroplating anode 14, not enough platinum was
deposited between the airfoils 24 and 26. When all of the
current was allowed to pass only through the auxiliary
electroplating anode 16, the result was anode polarization
and no plating. When equal current was allowed to pass
through the primary and auxiliary electroplating anodes 14
and 16, too much platinum was deposited between the
airfoils 24 and 26.
0021 Applicants performed a second set ofexperiments
similar to the first set wherein a 0-5000 ohm variable resistor
was employed, wherein the voltage VAbetween the turbine
nozzle doublet 22 and the auxiliary electroplating anode 16
6. US 2006/0042932 A1
was measured, and wherein the voltage VP between the
turbine nozzle doublet 22 and the primary electroplating
anode 14was measured. In one trial, with VP=VA=2.2 volts
dc (directcurrent),platinum blisters were observed between
the airfoils24 and26. In anothertrial, with VP=2.3 voltsand
VA=1.0volts, no blisters were observedbetween the airfoils
but only a thin layer ofplatinum was deposited between the
airfoils. In anothertrialwith VP=2.3 volts and VA=1.6 volts,
no blisters were observed between the airfoils and a slightly
thicker layer ofplatinum was deposited between the airfoils.
In another trial, with VP=1.7 volts and VA=1.7 volts, no
blisters were observed between the airfoils and an accept
able layer ofplatinum was deposited between the airfoils. It
is noted that, in one option, the variable resistor would be
replacedwith a fixed resistor forproduction electroplatingof
the turbine nozzle doublets 22.
0022 While the present invention has been illustrated by
a description of Several methods and expressions of an
embodiment, it is not the intention of the applicants to
restrict or limit the Spirit and Scope of the appended claims
to Such detail. Numerous other variations, changes, and
Substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without
departing from the Scope of the invention.
1. Apparatus for electroplating a workpiece comprising:
a) a primary electroplating anode,
b) an auxiliary electroplating anode; and
c) a resistor electrically connected in series to one of the
primary and auxiliary electroplating anodes, wherein
the primary and auxiliary electroplating anodes are
electrically connectable in parallel to an electrolyte.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resistor is
connected in Series to the auxiliary electroplating anode.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the workpiece has a
Workpiece shape and wherein the auxiliary electroplating
anode has an auxiliary-anode shape which conforms at least
in part to the workpiece shape.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the workpiece is a
turbine nozzle doublet having two airfoils and having an
inner band and an outer band each connecting together the
two airfoils.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resistor is a
variable resistor.
6. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the resistor is a fixed
resistor.
7. Apparatus for electroplating a turbine nozzle doublet
having two airfoils and having an inner band and an outer
band each connecting together the two airfoils comprising:
a) a primary electroplating anode disposable outward of
the two airfoils;
b) an auxiliary electroplating anode having at least a
portion which is disposable between the two airfoils;
and
c) a resistor electrically connected in Series to the auxil
iary electroplating anode, wherein the primary and
auxiliary electroplating anodes are electrically connect
able in parallel to an electrolyte.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the electrolyte
consists essentially of Pt(NH), HPO, and is disposed in
contact with the two airfoils and with the primary and
auxiliary electroplating anodes.
Mar. 2, 2006
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the resistor is a
variable resistor.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the resistor is a
fixed resistor having a resistance chosen to Substantially
increase platinum deposition on inter-airfoil-facing Surfaces
ofthe two airfoils over that in the absence of the resistor and
to avoid any Substantial deposited platinum blistering.
11. A method for electroplating a workpiece comprising
the Steps of:
a) obtaining an electrolyte, a primary electroplating
anode, and an auxiliary electroplating anode,
b) disposing the workpiece and the primary and auxiliary
electroplating anodes in contact with the electrolyte,
and
c) applying electric current through the primary electro
plating anode at a first amperage and through the
auxiliary electroplating anode at a different Second
amperage.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the workpiece
includes two spaced apart workpiece portions, wherein the
primary electroplating anode is disposed outward ofthe two
Spaced-apart workpiece portions, and wherein the auxiliary
electroplating anode has at least a portion which is disposed
between the two Spaced-apart workpiece portions.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the electrolyte
consists essentially of Pt(NH4)HPO.
14.The method ofclaim 13,wherein the Second amperage
is chosen to Substantially increase platinum deposition on
areas of the workpiece between the two spaced-apart work
piece portions over that ofequal first and Second amperages
and is chosen to Substantially avoid deposited platinum
blistering.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the workpiece is a
turbine nozzle doublet having two airfoils and having an
inner band and an outer band each connecting together the
two airfoils.
16. A method for electroplating a turbine nozzle doublet
having two airfoils and having an inner band and an outer
band each connecting together the two airfoils comprising
the Steps of:
a) obtaining an electrolyte consisting essentially of
Pt(NH),HPO.
b) obtaining a primary electroplating anode, an auxiliary
electroplating anode, a resistor, and an anode fixture,
c) disposing the two airfoilsand the primary and auxiliary
electroplating anodes in contact with the electrolyte,
d) creating a circuit having two branches in parallel
electrical connection with the anode fixture and the
electrolyte, wherein one of the two parallel branches
includes the primary electroplating anode, and wherein
the other ofthe two parallel branches includes in series
connection the auxiliary electroplating anode and the
resistor, and
e) applying a voltage across the turbine nozzle doublet
and the anode fixture.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the resistor is a
variable resistor and including repeatingSteps a) through e)
for additional turbine nozzle doublets for various values of
resistance of the variable resistor.
7. US 2006/0042932 A1
18. The method of claim 17, including the step of choos
ing one of the various values of resistance which Substan
tially increases platinum deposition on inter-airfoil-facing
Surfaces of the two airfoils over that in the absence of the
resistorand which avoids any Substantialdepositedplatinum
blistering.
19. The method ofclaim 16,wherein the resistor is a fixed
resistor having a resistance chosen which Substantially
Mar. 2, 2006
increases platinum deposition on inter-airfoil-facing Sur
faces of the two airfoils over that in the absence of the
resistorand which avoids any Substantialdepositedplatinum
blistering.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein the auxiliary elec
troplating anode is a conforming anode.
k k k k k