Urea is the most widely used solid fertilizer nitrogen source globally. Volatilization losses from surface applications of urea-based fertilizers can be sizable. Urea fertilizers must be hydrolyzed by the enzyme urease before the nitrogen becomes plant available. Urease activity and hydrolysis rates depend on soil moisture and temperature levels. Chemical compounds can be added to urea fertilizers to inhibit nitrogen transformations and reduce losses.

2. • Urea is the most widely used solidUrea is the most widely used solid
fertilizer N source in the worldfertilizer N source in the world
(www.FAO.org).(www.FAO.org).
• Volatilization losses from surfaceVolatilization losses from surface
applications of urea-based fertilizersapplications of urea-based fertilizers
are thought to occur in sizeableare thought to occur in sizeable
quantities (Ernst and Massey, 1960;quantities (Ernst and Massey, 1960;
Fenn and Hossner, 1985).Fenn and Hossner, 1985).
Introduction

3. • Urea fertilizers must be hydrolyzed byUrea fertilizers must be hydrolyzed by
the enzyme urease before urea-Nthe enzyme urease before urea-N
becomes plant available.becomes plant available.
– Increases in urease activity can result inIncreases in urease activity can result in
more N loss due to volatilization.more N loss due to volatilization.
– Urease activity is moisture andUrease activity is moisture and
temperature dependent.temperature dependent.
Introduction

4. Introduction
 Urea hydrolysis is maximized whenUrea hydrolysis is maximized when
moisture levels are optimum formoisture levels are optimum for
plant growth (Havlin et al., 1999).plant growth (Havlin et al., 1999).
 Volk (1966) reported that 14 d afterVolk (1966) reported that 14 d after
application of prilled urea to air-dry soilapplication of prilled urea to air-dry soil
80% had not been hydrolyzed.80% had not been hydrolyzed.
 McInnes et al. (1986) found hydrolysis wasMcInnes et al. (1986) found hydrolysis was
minimal following urea application to dryminimal following urea application to dry
soil, but following wetting, urea hydrolysissoil, but following wetting, urea hydrolysis
increased.increased.

5. Introduction
 Urease activity has been observed fromUrease activity has been observed from
2ºC to 37ºC2ºC to 37ºC (Havlin et al., 1999).(Havlin et al., 1999).
 Urease activity is positively correlated withUrease activity is positively correlated with
temperature (Clay et al., 1990)temperature (Clay et al., 1990)
 Fisher and Parks (1958) found thatFisher and Parks (1958) found that
hydrolysis was 50 and 85% complete athydrolysis was 50 and 85% complete at
temperaturestemperatures 10 and 20ºC, respectively,10 and 20ºC, respectively,
two weeks after urea application.two weeks after urea application.

6. o Chemical compounds are
added to urea fertilizers to
inhibit transformations of N.
o Adding micro-nutrients
Chelate form.

9. COMPARE WITH UREA
DETAIL
UREA
COAT
N-
KEEP
UREA
N (%) 46 46
N loss (%) 60 30
Plant can
absorb(%)
40 70
Total N plant can
use
18,4 kg 32,2 kg

10. UREA N46 TE
 Chemical compounds ( N-KEEP) are
added to urea fertilizers to inhibit
transformations of N.
 Urease inhibitors are one class of
compounds that prevent the conversion of
urea to NH4+
. Inhibitors can delay the
hydrolysis of urea for 2 to 3 weeks.

11.  Adding micro-nutrients Chelate form
that it will help the plants absorb better
and improve productivity. This mineral
can boost photosynthesis and chlorophyll
content.
UREA N46 TE

12. Increasing the efficiency of applied
nitrogen to 30%.
Increases yield, increase profit.
 Furthermore, its application has not
shown any effect over the soil biological
properties, which contributes for making
its use quite viable.
UREA N46 TE

13. Application Guide of Urea N46TE in plants
Plants Stages
Fertilizer types (kg/ha)
N46TE
Phosphate
Super
Potash
Rice plants
Top-dressing 1
Top-dressing 2
Top-dressing 3
60
80
60
100
50
50
100
Grain plants
Top-dressing 1
Top-dressing 2
160-200
160
250
60
100
Perennial trees
Havest stage
Recovery stage
340
300-350
600
400-600
270
200-260
Vegetables
(Fruits)
After growing 15 days
Blooming stage
Fruiting stage
160
160
140
200
60
80
100
Vegetables
(Leaves)
Stages 180 200 60

14. Paddy

15. Impress 80
Impress compound
with foliar penetration
and increase uptake of
sprays by plants.

16. Impress 80
• Impress 80 are used to
enhance the penetration
and effectiveness of foliar-
applied by decreasing
surface tension of aqueous
systems.
Impress 80Control

17. Impress 80Control

18. Impress 80Control

19. Impress 80
• Impress 80 are formulated to facilitate
or improve dispersing, spreading, sticking
or penetrating of liquids.
ControlControl Impress 80Impress 80

20. Control Impress 80

21. Control Impress 80

22. Benefit:
Enhance spray efficiency and increase performance of
herbicides, insecticides, fungicide products, plant
growth regulator and foliar fertilizer.
Improves performance of the active spray ingredients
by providing more uniform distribution and better
wetting of the plant surface.
Permit lower dosage of foliar products.
Impress 80

23. Application guide:
•Impress 80 can be mix with herbicides,
insecticides, fungicide products, plant growth
regulator and foliar fertilizer.
•Apply Impress 80 at the rate of 10-20 ml per 16
liters of water.
Impress 80