Upload your draft by Friday @ 11:59 pm!
Draft instructions:
Please upload a draft of your proposal along with a detailed description of your company or organization that you are writing this for (audience). You can use the audience analysis sheet from previous assignments, or create a paragraph on your own or use this: Audience Analysis (Links to an external site.)
_________________________________________________________________________________
A proposal is a persuasive document that offers a solution to an identified problem or need. Proposals attempt to sell an idea, a product or service, or a new concept or plan. Proposals may be brief or long. A one-page request for a room change written to a club adviser and a 2,000-page multivolume document selling a new type of amphibious tank to the Department of Defense are examples of proposals.
Proposals may be informal or formal, solicited or unsolicited. Solicited proposals are invited, that is, the awarding organization calls for proposals from interested individuals/parties, usually via an RFP. The awarding organization lays down the requirements that the proposal should contain. In many cases, a standard format is provided for the parties to submit their proposals. Unsolicited proposals are a little more detailed because they must establish more background information. In this assignment, you'll have a choice to write an unsolicited or solicited proposal.
· Overall Goal: In this project, you will be writing a proposal for a company or agency of your choosing. It can be one that you already work for or perhaps hope to work for one day, but you should know the company in order to evaluate its issues. If you don't have a workplace in mind, you can use Temple as your workplace. Your ultimate task is to write a persuasive proposal about a change you would like to see. You will begin by identifying a problem, issue, or conflict and providing some background on why this problem exists. You will then construct a convincing and tactful argument about why this change is both necessary and beneficial. Additionally, you will use workplace observations, informal interviews with co-workers, and academic research articles to provide support and justification for your proposal. You should view your intended audience as the people, committee(s), or governing body with the authority to enact your proposal.
· Purpose: This assignment has three main goals. First, gathering research from a variety of sources will help you to find credible evidence to support the change you will argue for in your proposal. Second, this assignment will give you practice in collecting primary-source research through close observation and interviewing your co-workers. Third, through searching for secondary source research, such as trade or academic journals and online databases, you will gain experience finding, presenting, and citing secondary-source research in your writing.
· Audience: You need to clearly define the audience ...
AssignmentChoose two issues or challenges that the leaders of.docxrock73
Assignment:
Choose two issues or challenges that the leaders of today's health care organizations face. Select from among the following topics:
1. Staff Shortage (Physicians, Nurses, Allied Health Providers, Ancillary Services)
2. Reorganization in Response to Merger or Consolidation of Services
3. Layoffs as a Result of Declining Revenues
4. Influx of Registry, Part-Time, and Temporary Contract Staff
5. Poor Performance Outcomes Leading to a Reduction in Medicare Reimbursement Dollars
6. Poor Job Satisfaction Rates Resulting in Turnover
You are the manager of an ancillary service department at a large, 500+ bed hospital. Develop a proposal (750-1,200 words) that is directed toward your staff, in which you address the following:
· Inform the staff of the two issues (from the topics provided) your organization is facing.
· Describe the impact of these issues on your department.
· Describe how improved communication, collaboration, and teamwork can improve conditions in your department.
· Identify at least two examples from the required or recommended readings of techniques found to foster inclusion and improve communication and collaboration.
· A minimum of three academic references from credible sources are required for this assignment.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be submitted to Turnitin.
Rubric:
1. Two issues/challenges are identified from among those listed in the assignment instructions.
2. Comprehensive and compelling discussion regarding organizational issues, their impact, opportunities for improvement, and recommendations to foster a shared vision is offered.
3. Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive; contained within the thesis is the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
4. There is a sophisticated construction of paragraphs and transitions. Ideas progress and relate to each other. Paragraph and transition construction guide the reader. Paragraph structure is seamless.
5. Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
[Company Name]MemoTo:[Recipient(s)]From:Laura Lea Mintercc:
Date:
[Date]
Re:[Subject]
Welcome: Inform the staff of the two issues (from the topics provided) your organization is facing.
Describe the impact of these issues on your department.
· Describe how improved communication can improve conditions in your department.
· Describe how improved collaboration can improve conditions in your department.
· Des ...
InstructionsFor this assignment, you will write an analyticalfeas.docxcarliotwaycave
Instructions
For this assignment, you will write an analytical/feasibility report selected from the following topics below.
You will need, of course, a required MATRIX in this report. It is different from the Gantt chart in your feasibility report. It basically shows the list of criteria by which to base your selection, and the alternative selections and a scale by which you are judging them.
I am attaching two different STUDENT examples that I have graded, in the Analytical Report folder which you can follow. I am also going to give you a link to an old online source for feasibility/recommendation reports that have different types of matrices from which to choose, depending on yor topic.
Remember, the feasibility report needs the components that I showed in the Analytical report section. You MUST discuss the criteria, and then you must completely discuss each criterion along with each alternative.
Another way to look at it.
Briefly, think of buying a house. What must a house have for you to purchase it? # of rooms? certain amount of bathrooms? certain price? correct school district? These are your CRITERIA.
Now what are the alternatives? You have researched several websites and consulted a real estate agent and you have three houses that meet all or most of your criteria. these are called ALTERNATIVES.
So now you will measure each criterion against each alternative (discuss completely). then you will present a chart that shows how they are rated side by side (matrix).
Summarize and conclude.
You are safe if you follow one of the examples I give to you at the end of this document.
Dr. E. L. Harris
Assignment 4: Feasibility Report
A feasibility study is a preliminary study undertaken before the real work of a project starts, in order to ascertain the likelihood of the project's success. It is an analysis of possible solutions to a problem and a recommendation on the best solution to use.
By presenting a complete picture of a situation and then using that information to propose effective solutions to problems that you find, you establish your credibility. Your goal is to show your readers that your ideas are sound because you have done thorough background research and presented information clearly and fairly. A variety of sources will also add credibility to your report because you will be able to show that you did an exhaustive study of the situation prior to making suggestions.
SPECIFIC GUIDELINES:
· Make the main text of the report (excluding the References page) a minimum of 7 pages (single space within paragraphs, double space between paragraphs).
· Use 1.25” for the top margin, and 1” for left, right, and bottom margins.
· Each page after the first page must have the page header: name of the person you are addressing, page number, and date.
INTRODUCTION
1. In this section, announce your topic.
2. Answer the question, Why is it important for us to consider these alternatives?"
a) Identify the problem your study will help reader solve ...
CJUS 550
Literature Analysis: Topic Identification & Bibliography Template
(Use the following template for the completion of this assignment. Delete highlighted material and replace with your own material)
Proposed Topic:
In one sentence tell the reader what you plan on researching.
Proposed Thesis Statement:
Graduate writing cannot be “A” quality without a thesis statement. The thesis statement provides the destination of the paper. The topic/title of the paper will tell the reader which direction the essay is heading (N, S, E, or W) and a transition statement tells the reader the steps that will be taken to get to the destination. A strong conclusion cannot be written without a strong thesis statement. The thesis drives the conclusion. If you know beforehand what you are trying to accomplish, then in your conclusion you can tell if you have accomplished this goal or not.
Preliminary Bibliography (minimum of six sources in APA format):
Example:
Schmalleger, F. (2011). Criminal justice today: An introductory text for the 21st Century (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NY: Prentice Hall.
Annotated Bibliography
Summarize each article or text you are going to use in this paper (at least 6 sources need to be included in this portion of the assignment). Each summary needs to be about a paragraph in length. At the end of this annotated summary you will need to write a one paragraph summary regarding how these sources connect to the topic at hand and how you plan on using these sources to justify your conclusion.
Respond to one of the following questions:
Question 1:
The Monthly Project Report: Each month, all project managers were called for an executive session to present the status of their projects. All project managers and the key project team members spent five to seven days a month preparing standardized briefing charts for this critically important meeting. The meeting lasted well over half a day while each project manager waited for his or her turn to receive executive guidance.
Result: The project managers, team members, and administrative assistants wasted hundreds of hours each month preparing detailed slides, graphics, analyses, and report papers to provide to the senior executive. The senior executive was gratified at the level of work and detail his people put in to keep him apprised of every project nuance. The senior executive had a much larger comfort zone of information to rely upon when queried by his boss.
Analysis: When most organizations work Monday to Friday, there are about twenty workdays in any month. Spending over 25 percent of the available monthly work time in preparing reports drove project management costs up and undermined organizational commitment to disciplined project management. Worse, tremendous amounts of overtime were required to offset the lost project productivity. This forced the project managers, team members, administrative assistants, and contractors to work late nights and weekends. Productivi.
Bus 521 Education Your Way/newtonhelp.comasdfvbvdf1
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
BUS 521 Life of the Mind/newtonhelp.com jhgfdfgfdv6
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
BUS 521 Imagine Your Future/newtonhelp.com bellflower33
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
AssignmentChoose two issues or challenges that the leaders of.docxrock73
Assignment:
Choose two issues or challenges that the leaders of today's health care organizations face. Select from among the following topics:
1. Staff Shortage (Physicians, Nurses, Allied Health Providers, Ancillary Services)
2. Reorganization in Response to Merger or Consolidation of Services
3. Layoffs as a Result of Declining Revenues
4. Influx of Registry, Part-Time, and Temporary Contract Staff
5. Poor Performance Outcomes Leading to a Reduction in Medicare Reimbursement Dollars
6. Poor Job Satisfaction Rates Resulting in Turnover
You are the manager of an ancillary service department at a large, 500+ bed hospital. Develop a proposal (750-1,200 words) that is directed toward your staff, in which you address the following:
· Inform the staff of the two issues (from the topics provided) your organization is facing.
· Describe the impact of these issues on your department.
· Describe how improved communication, collaboration, and teamwork can improve conditions in your department.
· Identify at least two examples from the required or recommended readings of techniques found to foster inclusion and improve communication and collaboration.
· A minimum of three academic references from credible sources are required for this assignment.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be submitted to Turnitin.
Rubric:
1. Two issues/challenges are identified from among those listed in the assignment instructions.
2. Comprehensive and compelling discussion regarding organizational issues, their impact, opportunities for improvement, and recommendations to foster a shared vision is offered.
3. Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive; contained within the thesis is the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
4. There is a sophisticated construction of paragraphs and transitions. Ideas progress and relate to each other. Paragraph and transition construction guide the reader. Paragraph structure is seamless.
5. Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
[Company Name]MemoTo:[Recipient(s)]From:Laura Lea Mintercc:
Date:
[Date]
Re:[Subject]
Welcome: Inform the staff of the two issues (from the topics provided) your organization is facing.
Describe the impact of these issues on your department.
· Describe how improved communication can improve conditions in your department.
· Describe how improved collaboration can improve conditions in your department.
· Des ...
InstructionsFor this assignment, you will write an analyticalfeas.docxcarliotwaycave
Instructions
For this assignment, you will write an analytical/feasibility report selected from the following topics below.
You will need, of course, a required MATRIX in this report. It is different from the Gantt chart in your feasibility report. It basically shows the list of criteria by which to base your selection, and the alternative selections and a scale by which you are judging them.
I am attaching two different STUDENT examples that I have graded, in the Analytical Report folder which you can follow. I am also going to give you a link to an old online source for feasibility/recommendation reports that have different types of matrices from which to choose, depending on yor topic.
Remember, the feasibility report needs the components that I showed in the Analytical report section. You MUST discuss the criteria, and then you must completely discuss each criterion along with each alternative.
Another way to look at it.
Briefly, think of buying a house. What must a house have for you to purchase it? # of rooms? certain amount of bathrooms? certain price? correct school district? These are your CRITERIA.
Now what are the alternatives? You have researched several websites and consulted a real estate agent and you have three houses that meet all or most of your criteria. these are called ALTERNATIVES.
So now you will measure each criterion against each alternative (discuss completely). then you will present a chart that shows how they are rated side by side (matrix).
Summarize and conclude.
You are safe if you follow one of the examples I give to you at the end of this document.
Dr. E. L. Harris
Assignment 4: Feasibility Report
A feasibility study is a preliminary study undertaken before the real work of a project starts, in order to ascertain the likelihood of the project's success. It is an analysis of possible solutions to a problem and a recommendation on the best solution to use.
By presenting a complete picture of a situation and then using that information to propose effective solutions to problems that you find, you establish your credibility. Your goal is to show your readers that your ideas are sound because you have done thorough background research and presented information clearly and fairly. A variety of sources will also add credibility to your report because you will be able to show that you did an exhaustive study of the situation prior to making suggestions.
SPECIFIC GUIDELINES:
· Make the main text of the report (excluding the References page) a minimum of 7 pages (single space within paragraphs, double space between paragraphs).
· Use 1.25” for the top margin, and 1” for left, right, and bottom margins.
· Each page after the first page must have the page header: name of the person you are addressing, page number, and date.
INTRODUCTION
1. In this section, announce your topic.
2. Answer the question, Why is it important for us to consider these alternatives?"
a) Identify the problem your study will help reader solve ...
CJUS 550
Literature Analysis: Topic Identification & Bibliography Template
(Use the following template for the completion of this assignment. Delete highlighted material and replace with your own material)
Proposed Topic:
In one sentence tell the reader what you plan on researching.
Proposed Thesis Statement:
Graduate writing cannot be “A” quality without a thesis statement. The thesis statement provides the destination of the paper. The topic/title of the paper will tell the reader which direction the essay is heading (N, S, E, or W) and a transition statement tells the reader the steps that will be taken to get to the destination. A strong conclusion cannot be written without a strong thesis statement. The thesis drives the conclusion. If you know beforehand what you are trying to accomplish, then in your conclusion you can tell if you have accomplished this goal or not.
Preliminary Bibliography (minimum of six sources in APA format):
Example:
Schmalleger, F. (2011). Criminal justice today: An introductory text for the 21st Century (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NY: Prentice Hall.
Annotated Bibliography
Summarize each article or text you are going to use in this paper (at least 6 sources need to be included in this portion of the assignment). Each summary needs to be about a paragraph in length. At the end of this annotated summary you will need to write a one paragraph summary regarding how these sources connect to the topic at hand and how you plan on using these sources to justify your conclusion.
Respond to one of the following questions:
Question 1:
The Monthly Project Report: Each month, all project managers were called for an executive session to present the status of their projects. All project managers and the key project team members spent five to seven days a month preparing standardized briefing charts for this critically important meeting. The meeting lasted well over half a day while each project manager waited for his or her turn to receive executive guidance.
Result: The project managers, team members, and administrative assistants wasted hundreds of hours each month preparing detailed slides, graphics, analyses, and report papers to provide to the senior executive. The senior executive was gratified at the level of work and detail his people put in to keep him apprised of every project nuance. The senior executive had a much larger comfort zone of information to rely upon when queried by his boss.
Analysis: When most organizations work Monday to Friday, there are about twenty workdays in any month. Spending over 25 percent of the available monthly work time in preparing reports drove project management costs up and undermined organizational commitment to disciplined project management. Worse, tremendous amounts of overtime were required to offset the lost project productivity. This forced the project managers, team members, administrative assistants, and contractors to work late nights and weekends. Productivi.
Bus 521 Education Your Way/newtonhelp.comasdfvbvdf1
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
BUS 521 Life of the Mind/newtonhelp.com jhgfdfgfdv6
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
BUS 521 Imagine Your Future/newtonhelp.com bellflower33
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
GRADING RUBICS FOR ASSIGNMENTTotal Possible Score 8.00Audien.docxwhittemorelucilla
GRADING RUBICS FOR ASSIGNMENT:
Total Possible Score: 8.00
Audience Analysis
Total: 1.50
Distinguished - Includes a well-written audience analysis, and thoroughly addresses all of the required questions on pages 87 – 91.
Purpose, Summary, and Introduction of Proposal
Total: 3.00
Distinguished - Clearly and concisely explains the purpose of the proposal, includes a succinct summary of the rhetorical situation, and comprehensively explains the problem or question that will be answered in the Recommendation Report.
Includes the Methodology of the Final Project Broken Down Into Clear and Measurable Segments
Total: 1.00
Distinguished - Includes a clear and comprehensive methodology of the Final Project broken down into clear and measurable segments.
Provides a Timeline for the Completion of Each Task for the Proposal and for the Entire Final Project
Total: 0.50
Distinguished - Provides a clear and comprehensive timeline for completion of each task for the proposal and for the entire Final Project.
Experience
Total: 0.50
Distinguished - Clearly and comprehensively includes the student’s credentials or future goals in relation to the subject matter.
Reading: Interpretation
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Demonstrates an understanding of the multiple ways of reading and the range of interpretive strategies particular to a discipline or in a given community of readers.
Reading: Comprehension
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Distinguishes probable implications of the text for contexts, perspectives, or issues outside the assigned task or beyond the author's explicit message.
Written Communication: Context of and Purpose for Writing
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Demonstrates methodical application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is evident and easy to understand. Summaries, quotes, and/or paraphrases fit naturally into the sentences and paragraphs. Paper flows smoothly.
Written Communication: Content Development
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Uses appropriate, pertinent, and persuasive content to discover and develop sophisticated ideas within the context of the discipline, shaping the work as a whole.
Written Communication: Control of Syntax and Mechanics
Total: 0.13
Distinguished - Displays meticulous comprehension and organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains no errors and is very easy to understand.
Written Communication: Page Requirement
Total: 0.12
Distinguished - The length of the paper is equivalent to the required number of correctly formatted pages.
Written Communication: Resource Requirement
Total: 0.12
Distinguished - Uses more than the required number of scholarly sources, providing compelling evidence to support ideas. All sources on the reference page are used and cited correctly within the body of the assignment.
Written Communication: APA Formatting
Total: 0.13
Distinguished - Accurately uses APA formatting consistently throughout the paper, title page, and refe ...
Bus 521 Enthusiastic Study / snaptutorial.comGeorgeDixon77
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
CIS 5681 Research ProjectBig Data Solution for BusinessesVinaOconner450
CIS 5681 Research Project
Big Data
Solution
for Businesses
Term Paper Requirements
Purpose:
The purpose of this assignment is to give the student the opportunity to examine an issue, take a position and defend the position. It will also give the student an opportunity to use research resources that can serve lifelong learning.
Requirements:
Deadlines for identifying a topic and supplying an outline are listed in the course schedule. The topic must be approved by the instructor.
Formatting for all submissions:
Typed, using Arial or Times New Roman font
12-point font size
One-inch margins on all four edges
Double spaced
Page numbering at bottom (excluding the cover sheet on final draft)
Headings as appropriate
Citations and references using Chicago-style.
Additional formatting for final draft:
Approximately five pages (1700 to 1900 words) excluding the cover sheet and reference list
Cover sheet should include the paper’s title, course title, date and author’s name with email address.
Examples of topics (in broad terms):
1. The productivity impact of big data tools to businesses
2. The cost impact of big data tools to businesses
3. How to measure the value of big data in businesses
4. The best practices of Big Data in businesses
5. Security with AWS Cloud computing
6.Big Data Integration in businesses
7. Data quality issues in Big Data
8. The combination of Blockchain and Big Data
9. How IS Big data Analytics impacting healthcare industry?
10. NoSQL data models and databases?
11. Block chain technology and cross-border payments.
12. Develop a Project to demo using DocumentDB with CRUD in a Application (java, or C#)
You must define important terms, state a position and justify your position. You may provide background and definitions to provide context for your position, but a substantial portion of your paper should be your own well-reasoned analysis of the topic.Do not simply repeat the thoughts of others!
This assignment is to be completed individually.
A printed copy must be provided. A softcopy must be sent through Safe Assign on BlackBoard. The two submissions should be the same. Submissions as email attachments will not be accepted. Your soft copy and hard copy are due at the beginning of class. If you plan to print your paper at CSC, allow plenty of time before class to do so. Others may be printing as well. The policy for late submissions is described in the syllabus and will apply to soft and hard copies submitted after the beginning of class.
For a limited period of time, you will be able to submit a draft version to Safe Assign to obtain feedback about plagiarism. After this period ends, you will have to submit the final version of the paper through Safe Assign.
Additional information
To find articles, you may look to trade resources such as
· ComputerWorld
· Dr. Dobb's
· Information Week
· InfoWorld
More rigorous academic resources are available such as:
· ACM Digital Library
· AIS Electronic Libra ...
Swot AnalysisConduct SWOT analysis giving 5 points each fo.docxssuserf9c51d
Swot Analysis
Conduct SWOT analysis giving 5 points each for S, W,O,T as per descriptions below to help project
managers.
Strengths
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Weakness
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Opportunity
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Threats
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Project Charter
Date: <today’s date>
Project Title: <Title of your Project>
Project Start Date: 4 Jan 2016
Project End Date: < dura�on is 6 months, calculate the end date>
Budget Informa�on: $50000.00
Project Manager: < Name>, < Email>, <Telephone No>
Project Objec�ves:
⦁ Clear, concise reasoning for why the project is being performed
⦁ Clear, concise definition of what the project’s activities will entail
⦁ Brief description of primary deliverable(s)
⦁ Clear description of the project’s behefits to the organisation
⦁ Recognition and description of any limits that the project will not cover and address
Acceptance Criteria
⦁ Identification of specific factors against which the project can be compared to determine
success/failure
⦁ Identification of specific deliverables not only for class, but for the project as a whole
⦁ Agency-specific deliverables
⦁ Inclusion of due dates for the deliverables
⦁ Clear identification of milestone and milestone exit points
⦁ Factors should include a specific metrical comparison
Assumptions and Constraints
⦁ Any assumptions made during the course of the project
⦁ List of constraints that entail the limitations that are required to be addressed
Stakeholder List
Stakeholder
No
Name and Signature Role and
Responsibility
Position Contact
Information
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Lessons Learned
⦁ Identification of pitfalls to be avoided, based on the student’s past experience
⦁ Evidence of thought as to what can and cannot affect the project in terms of how the project
will run
Charter Signoff
Communica�on Plan Template
Plan purpose – A brief description of why and how the plan was developed, and an overview of the
overall team communication philosophy. Also states types of communications planned, for lateral,
downward, and upward communication.
Change management – Description on how the team will handle changes in the project, whether it is in
terms of project scope, schedule, or resources. This includes how the team plans to communicate
changes as well as how the team plans to make decisions about changes.
Meeting agenda – Gives a brief overview of what the team plans to accomplish in each of its meetings,
how it documents goals and objectives for meetings, and defines and assigns actions for the team to
accomplish project objectives.
Stakeholder Information to
be shared
Frequency of
information
exchange
Location of
information
exchange
Purpose of
communication
Mechanism for
communication
Who What When Where Why How
BMGT 495 Strategic Management
Assignment 2: Internal Environmental Analysis/Strategy Analysis and Strategy Selection (Week 6)
Purpose: This assignment is the second of three assignments. Students will use the tools and concepts learned ...
PurposeThis project is the third of three projects. You will g.docxmitziesmith74
Purpose:
This project is the third of three projects. You will generate a pool of alternative strategies, evaluate these alternative strategies, and select the best strategy using the tools and concepts learned throughout the course. You will develop implementation plans, evaluative plans to control the implementation process, and plan for post-evaluation measures. You will also draw from previous business courses to develop an understanding of how organizations develop and manage strategies to establish, safeguard and sustain its position in a competitive market.
Skill Building:
In this project, you are building many different skills including research, critical thinking, writing and developing analytical skills related to various financial analysis tools and strategy tools used in business. You will select optimal strategies, design how to implement and evaluate the implementation process of the optimal strategies.
Outcomes Met With This Project:
· Examine the impact of ethical decision making, social responsibility, stakeholder analysis, and corporate governance on organizations and society
· Utilize a set of useful analytical skills, tools, and techniques for analyzing a company strategically;
· Integrate ideas, concepts, and theories from previously taken functional courses including, accounting, finance, market, business and human resource management;
· Analyze and synthesize strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) to generate, prioritize, and implement alternative strategies in order to revise a current plan or write a new plan and present a strategic plan;
· Evaluate the outcomes of identified strategies to determine their success and impact on short-term and long-term objectives.
Instructions:
Step 1: Research
In completing the report, you will use the chapters in the eBook as a guide and perform research on the same company as in Projects 1 and 2, answer the required elements below in narrative form following the steps.
Note: Your report is based on the results of the research performed and not on any prepared documentation. What this means is that you will research and draw your own conclusions that are supported by the research and the course material rather than the use any source material that puts together any of the tools or techniques whether from the Internet, for-pay websites or any document, video or source material. A zero will be earned for not doing your own analysis.
Library Resources
You will be using scholarly material and Mergent Online to research privately held and private companies. On the main navigation bar in the classroom select, Resources and then select Library. Select Databases by Title (A - Z). Select M from the alphabet list, and then select Mergent Online.
UMUC library is available for providing resources and services. Seek library support for excellence in your academic pursuit.
Library Support
Extensive library resources and services are available online, 24 hours a d.
Final Paper OutlineRead the assignment instructions for the FinaChereCheek752
Final Paper Outline
Read the assignment instructions for the Final Paper. Next, develop an outline for your Final Paper writing in full sentences (12 point font, Times New Roman font, double spaced). In your outline, create at least one section for each of the five concepts that you will use in your Final Paper and include supporting material for each concept. Be sure to include a bibliography with at least two of the sources that you will use for your Final Paper. Please make sure that the sources that you use are listed in the APA format. Your outline must include an introduction with a thesis statement and end with a conclusion that reaffirms the thesis.
Cite your resources in text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Writing Center on the left navigation toolbar.
Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.) for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
Final Paper
Imagine that you are proposing a new communication structure for an organization. Write a formal proposal in which you discuss at least five concepts that you feel are most important for successful communication within an organizational setting. Explain why these concepts are necessary for successful communication and how best to implement them within an organization.
Examples of concepts that you may choose to use are active listening, organizational culture, conflict resolution, key principles of human communication, leadership strategies, formal and informal communication, etc.
Your information for this paper should not be based on your own opinions; you must back up your information with research. The research may include readings from this course or from outside sources. In total, your paper must include at least five sources with at least two from the University of Arizona Global Campus Library. This is a formal paper and should include proper grammar, complete sentences, appropriate paragraphs, and correct citations/references in proper APA style. Along with explaining the communication concepts and including the research, you can also use your personal experiences to explain the research that you are presenting in your paper.
NOTE: A full sentence outline of this assignment will be submitted during Week 3. You will receive feedback on your outline so that you can make improvements before you submit your final paper in Week 5.
The paper must be eight to ten pages in length (excluding title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style. You must use at least five scholarly sources (two of which must be found in the University of Arizona Global Campus Library) other than the textbook to support your claims. Cite your sources in text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Writing Center on the left navigation toolbar.
Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
1. Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length, and format ...
ENG 3107 Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Scienc.docxSALU18
ENG 3107: Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Sciences
Rev.3.10.16
Project 6: Recommendation Report
OWL Early Draft Due Date:
OWL Advanced Draft Due Date:
ENG Peer Review Draft Due Date:
ENG Final Draft Submission Deadline:
Final Draft Page Count and Setup Requirement:
Polished, properly formatted, 8+ page report (plus cover page and References page)
4 or more research sources
APA cover page, in-text citations, and References page
12-point Times New Roman font
Double-spaced lines
3rd person point of view
What: Research and write a Recommendation Report that persuades readers to take action in
response to a defined organization-related problem.
How: As you develop the Recommendation Report assignment for this course, keep in mind that its
final draft must be presented in APA format and contain these required sections:
I. Title/cover page
II. Table of Contents
III. Abstract
IV. Introduction
a. purpose of Recommendation Report
b. background or problem that motivated Recommendation Report
V. Discussion
a. criteria upon which Recommendation Report recommendations will be
based
b. data/research findings
c. analysis of data against criteria
VI. Conclusion/Recommendation
a. summary giving significance of findings and drawing conclusion based
on data/findings in Recommendation Report
b. recommendation for next steps or course of action based on
data/findings discussed in the Recommendation Report
VII. References
Before you begin this project, here are some questions to consider:
ENG 3107: Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Sciences
Rev.3.10.16
What is the specific problem you will discuss in your Recommendation Report?
o Have the problem, and its recommended solution(s) or proposed course of action,
been narrowed in scope to be described within the limits of this paper’s page
count?
o What action do you want to convince the audience to do/accept?
o Will the report attempt to solve an internal organizational problem?
Who is the target audience?
o Will the Recommendation Report be addressed from one organization to another?
Or will it be from an individual to an organization?
o Who has the power to approve the recommendations in your proposal?
What research findings will you need?
o How much background information will be needed to ensure the audience
understands the problem and the need for solution(s)?
o What specific research findings will best support your description of the problem
and your proposed recommendations for change?
A Peer Review session is scheduled for the advanced draft of this assignment; participation in
Peer Review as a reviewer and reviewee is required. Further details about Peer Review will be
provided at a later time.
You will also be working with an OWL specialist to create multiple drafts of this assignment toward a
polished, well-crafted final version of your work. ...
Written AssignmentPlease provide a comprehensive answer to the fol.docxouldparis
Written Assignment
Please provide a comprehensive answer to the following two questions:
1) Which were the main causes of the Great Depression?
2) Why did the Great Depression last so long?
Indications:
• To answer these questions, please start with our textbook information and then use at least one more reputable source for your research.
• Please use the bibliographic information recommended by the Modern Language Association (MLA).
• When typing your report use Font 12, Double Space, and Normal Margins
• Length: at least five pages.
• The day of the final exam.
.
Writing Piece AnalysisWhat do you think are some steps this writ.docxouldparis
Writing Piece Analysis
What do you think are some steps this writer took to create this piece besides the writing steps we reviewed?
Identify:
The topic:
The thesis statement:
Provide 4 pieces of evidence that support the thesis statement:
How does the author conclude this piece? (What is the conclusion?)
Homework:
Find a non-fiction piece of writing and use the questions above to analyze it. Bring in article along with analysis next week.
.
Written Assignment 1 Biology and Technology in the Real World.docxouldparis
W
ritten Assignment 1: Biology and Technology in the Real World
Background
:
This assignment will give you the opportunity to participate in ongoing scientific research. For the past several years, I have been involved in ecological research in old-growth forests in Wisconsin. In many areas the forest floor is dominated by a grasslike species, Pennsylvania sedge (
Carex pensylvanica
). The sedge may exclude other ground species by interspecific competition, which may decrease the number of species in an area, which is a main component of biodiversity. The Penn sedge "lawns" are probably caused by selective herbivory by an abundance of white-tailed deer. The deer do not like the sedge but consume most other ground plants. [Please read OLI Module 51 for information on interspecific competition & herbivory and Module 53 on biodiversity.]
Another problem in the forests is that dominant trees, such as white pine and sugar maple, do not show successful reproduction to replace the old pines and maples that die, which leads to the question - does Pennsylvania sedge decrease the establishment of tree seedlings? With support from a UMUC Faculty Research Grant to create this assignment, I collected data last summer that you can use to test three hypotheses-
Hypotheses
A. Pennsylvania sedge inhibits regeneration of white pine
B. Pennsylvania sedge inhibits regeneration of sugar maple
C. Pennsylvania sedge decreases biodiversity
Choice of Study Site - Practice with Google Earth:
Most, if not all, students are familiar with the use of GPS (Global Positioning System) to navigate. I assume that many of you are also familiar with Google Earth, an interactive aerial map of the globe. It is a very useful tool. When we lived in Okinawa, we chose a home to rent before our 2011 move to Rhode Island by investigating the property and its environs on Google Earth, and are very happy with our choice. Google Earth can be downloaded free at earth.google.com
I also make use of Google Earth in choosing study sites for my research, especially when I was searching for remaining old-growth white pine forests in Upper Michigan. For practice with this relatively-new technology, I have included an exercise involving Google Earth with this assignment (under "Report" below).
Methods of Data Collection
Data were collected during 2-4 August 2013 in a study plot within a forest dominated by trees of sugar maple, red oak, and red maple at Trout Lake Cathedral Point, Vilas County, Wisconsin (Figure 1). All ground species were identified in 2- x 2-meter quadrats that were positioned as a strip of adjacent quadrats in transects of adjacent across the plot. In ecology, a quadrat is defined as a sample area and a transect is a sample line. Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the method of transects of continuous quadrats. Within each of the sample quadrats, the percent cover of Penn sedge was estimated and all established tree seedlings (defined as > 20 cm in .
Writing question What are the sources of homophobia in South korea.docxouldparis
Writing question: What are the sources of homophobia in "South korean culture”?
"korean culture” is the culture korean were born into and brought up in. as well as the general culture around you.
Homophobia – hatred of gay people – is in all cultures, though it is receding very quickly in some of them. Where does in come from in Korean culture?
Further, is the attitude in your age group the same as that in that culture in general? Do you and your friends think the same way? Why or why no? And what do you expect for the future?
As always, make sure to discuss the role of the media in all of this.
No plagiarism.
Essays should be about two to three pages double-spaced, about 500-700 words.
.
Writing one pages for each of the topicPlease separate Plea.docxouldparis
Writing one pages for each
of the topic
Please
separate
Please on time
Topic 1-
The self in interpersonal communication.
Topic
2-
Impression Formation.
Topic 3- Culture,Gender, and Listening
Topic
4-
Listening Barriers.
Please focus about the grammar , MLA style and
simple words.
Each paper should be organized with a clear beginning, middle, and end. Be sure to give an overview of the paper's main ideas in the introduction and summarize these main ideas at the end of the paper.
Please no
Plagiarism
.
Writing one pages for each of the topicTopic 1- Why Study .docxouldparis
Writing one pages for each
of the topic
Topic 1- Why Study
Interpersonal Communication
Topic
2- The Nature of Interpersonal Communication
Topic 3- Culture
Topic
4-
Culture Differences
Please focus about the grammar , MLA style and simple words.
Each paper should be organized with a clear beginning, middle, and end. Be sure to give an overview of the paper's main ideas in the introduction and summarize these main ideas at the end of the paper.
Please no
Plagiarism
.
Writing assignment to be completed in APA format, double spaced, and.docxouldparis
Writing assignment to be completed in APA format, double spaced, and 1-2 pages in length. In your response, be certain
to answer all questions clearly and concisely.
Compare and contrast two events motivated by incentives, one where the self-interested behavior was good for society and the other where it was bad.
.
Writing Assignment (Part 1) Identifying the HypothesisDue in Week.docxouldparis
Writing Assignment (Part 1): Identifying the Hypothesis
Due in Week 3 and worth 50 points
Consider a social issue in which you are interested. It could be human freedom, sexuality, deviance, crime, social mobility, poverty, education, aging, or another similar issue. Select a specific hypothesis that you will evaluate against the available evidence from your library / Internet research.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Apply the sociological perspective to a variety of socioeconomic and political problems.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in sociology.
Write clearly and concisely about sociology using proper writing mechanics.
NOTE: I want to chose human freedom as a social issue for this paper. Only one or two pages at least.
Thanks
.
Write a draft of no more than 1,800 words of the strategic plan fo.docxouldparis
Write
a draft of no more than 1,800 words of the strategic plan for Macy's, including the following:
Implementation plan
Objectives
Functional tactics
Action items
Milestones and a deadline
Tasks and task ownership
Resource allocation
Any required organizational change management strategies that would enhance successful implementation
Key success factors, budget, and forecasted financials, including a break-even chart
Risk management plan, including contingency plans for identified risks
Format
your plan consistent with APA guidelines.
.
More Related Content
Similar to Upload your draft by Friday @ 1159 pm! Draft instructions Pl.docx
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
GRADING RUBICS FOR ASSIGNMENTTotal Possible Score 8.00Audien.docxwhittemorelucilla
GRADING RUBICS FOR ASSIGNMENT:
Total Possible Score: 8.00
Audience Analysis
Total: 1.50
Distinguished - Includes a well-written audience analysis, and thoroughly addresses all of the required questions on pages 87 – 91.
Purpose, Summary, and Introduction of Proposal
Total: 3.00
Distinguished - Clearly and concisely explains the purpose of the proposal, includes a succinct summary of the rhetorical situation, and comprehensively explains the problem or question that will be answered in the Recommendation Report.
Includes the Methodology of the Final Project Broken Down Into Clear and Measurable Segments
Total: 1.00
Distinguished - Includes a clear and comprehensive methodology of the Final Project broken down into clear and measurable segments.
Provides a Timeline for the Completion of Each Task for the Proposal and for the Entire Final Project
Total: 0.50
Distinguished - Provides a clear and comprehensive timeline for completion of each task for the proposal and for the entire Final Project.
Experience
Total: 0.50
Distinguished - Clearly and comprehensively includes the student’s credentials or future goals in relation to the subject matter.
Reading: Interpretation
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Demonstrates an understanding of the multiple ways of reading and the range of interpretive strategies particular to a discipline or in a given community of readers.
Reading: Comprehension
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Distinguishes probable implications of the text for contexts, perspectives, or issues outside the assigned task or beyond the author's explicit message.
Written Communication: Context of and Purpose for Writing
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Demonstrates methodical application of organization and presentation of content. The purpose of the writing is evident and easy to understand. Summaries, quotes, and/or paraphrases fit naturally into the sentences and paragraphs. Paper flows smoothly.
Written Communication: Content Development
Total: 0.25
Distinguished - Uses appropriate, pertinent, and persuasive content to discover and develop sophisticated ideas within the context of the discipline, shaping the work as a whole.
Written Communication: Control of Syntax and Mechanics
Total: 0.13
Distinguished - Displays meticulous comprehension and organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling and grammar. Written work contains no errors and is very easy to understand.
Written Communication: Page Requirement
Total: 0.12
Distinguished - The length of the paper is equivalent to the required number of correctly formatted pages.
Written Communication: Resource Requirement
Total: 0.12
Distinguished - Uses more than the required number of scholarly sources, providing compelling evidence to support ideas. All sources on the reference page are used and cited correctly within the body of the assignment.
Written Communication: APA Formatting
Total: 0.13
Distinguished - Accurately uses APA formatting consistently throughout the paper, title page, and refe ...
Bus 521 Enthusiastic Study / snaptutorial.comGeorgeDixon77
Assignment 1: Business Plan Part I – Business Vision
Due Week 3 and worth 180 points
Note: Refer to scenarios and reading assignments from previous weeks to complete this assignment.
CIS 5681 Research ProjectBig Data Solution for BusinessesVinaOconner450
CIS 5681 Research Project
Big Data
Solution
for Businesses
Term Paper Requirements
Purpose:
The purpose of this assignment is to give the student the opportunity to examine an issue, take a position and defend the position. It will also give the student an opportunity to use research resources that can serve lifelong learning.
Requirements:
Deadlines for identifying a topic and supplying an outline are listed in the course schedule. The topic must be approved by the instructor.
Formatting for all submissions:
Typed, using Arial or Times New Roman font
12-point font size
One-inch margins on all four edges
Double spaced
Page numbering at bottom (excluding the cover sheet on final draft)
Headings as appropriate
Citations and references using Chicago-style.
Additional formatting for final draft:
Approximately five pages (1700 to 1900 words) excluding the cover sheet and reference list
Cover sheet should include the paper’s title, course title, date and author’s name with email address.
Examples of topics (in broad terms):
1. The productivity impact of big data tools to businesses
2. The cost impact of big data tools to businesses
3. How to measure the value of big data in businesses
4. The best practices of Big Data in businesses
5. Security with AWS Cloud computing
6.Big Data Integration in businesses
7. Data quality issues in Big Data
8. The combination of Blockchain and Big Data
9. How IS Big data Analytics impacting healthcare industry?
10. NoSQL data models and databases?
11. Block chain technology and cross-border payments.
12. Develop a Project to demo using DocumentDB with CRUD in a Application (java, or C#)
You must define important terms, state a position and justify your position. You may provide background and definitions to provide context for your position, but a substantial portion of your paper should be your own well-reasoned analysis of the topic.Do not simply repeat the thoughts of others!
This assignment is to be completed individually.
A printed copy must be provided. A softcopy must be sent through Safe Assign on BlackBoard. The two submissions should be the same. Submissions as email attachments will not be accepted. Your soft copy and hard copy are due at the beginning of class. If you plan to print your paper at CSC, allow plenty of time before class to do so. Others may be printing as well. The policy for late submissions is described in the syllabus and will apply to soft and hard copies submitted after the beginning of class.
For a limited period of time, you will be able to submit a draft version to Safe Assign to obtain feedback about plagiarism. After this period ends, you will have to submit the final version of the paper through Safe Assign.
Additional information
To find articles, you may look to trade resources such as
· ComputerWorld
· Dr. Dobb's
· Information Week
· InfoWorld
More rigorous academic resources are available such as:
· ACM Digital Library
· AIS Electronic Libra ...
Swot AnalysisConduct SWOT analysis giving 5 points each fo.docxssuserf9c51d
Swot Analysis
Conduct SWOT analysis giving 5 points each for S, W,O,T as per descriptions below to help project
managers.
Strengths
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Weakness
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Opportunity
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Threats
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Project Charter
Date: <today’s date>
Project Title: <Title of your Project>
Project Start Date: 4 Jan 2016
Project End Date: < dura�on is 6 months, calculate the end date>
Budget Informa�on: $50000.00
Project Manager: < Name>, < Email>, <Telephone No>
Project Objec�ves:
⦁ Clear, concise reasoning for why the project is being performed
⦁ Clear, concise definition of what the project’s activities will entail
⦁ Brief description of primary deliverable(s)
⦁ Clear description of the project’s behefits to the organisation
⦁ Recognition and description of any limits that the project will not cover and address
Acceptance Criteria
⦁ Identification of specific factors against which the project can be compared to determine
success/failure
⦁ Identification of specific deliverables not only for class, but for the project as a whole
⦁ Agency-specific deliverables
⦁ Inclusion of due dates for the deliverables
⦁ Clear identification of milestone and milestone exit points
⦁ Factors should include a specific metrical comparison
Assumptions and Constraints
⦁ Any assumptions made during the course of the project
⦁ List of constraints that entail the limitations that are required to be addressed
Stakeholder List
Stakeholder
No
Name and Signature Role and
Responsibility
Position Contact
Information
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Lessons Learned
⦁ Identification of pitfalls to be avoided, based on the student’s past experience
⦁ Evidence of thought as to what can and cannot affect the project in terms of how the project
will run
Charter Signoff
Communica�on Plan Template
Plan purpose – A brief description of why and how the plan was developed, and an overview of the
overall team communication philosophy. Also states types of communications planned, for lateral,
downward, and upward communication.
Change management – Description on how the team will handle changes in the project, whether it is in
terms of project scope, schedule, or resources. This includes how the team plans to communicate
changes as well as how the team plans to make decisions about changes.
Meeting agenda – Gives a brief overview of what the team plans to accomplish in each of its meetings,
how it documents goals and objectives for meetings, and defines and assigns actions for the team to
accomplish project objectives.
Stakeholder Information to
be shared
Frequency of
information
exchange
Location of
information
exchange
Purpose of
communication
Mechanism for
communication
Who What When Where Why How
BMGT 495 Strategic Management
Assignment 2: Internal Environmental Analysis/Strategy Analysis and Strategy Selection (Week 6)
Purpose: This assignment is the second of three assignments. Students will use the tools and concepts learned ...
PurposeThis project is the third of three projects. You will g.docxmitziesmith74
Purpose:
This project is the third of three projects. You will generate a pool of alternative strategies, evaluate these alternative strategies, and select the best strategy using the tools and concepts learned throughout the course. You will develop implementation plans, evaluative plans to control the implementation process, and plan for post-evaluation measures. You will also draw from previous business courses to develop an understanding of how organizations develop and manage strategies to establish, safeguard and sustain its position in a competitive market.
Skill Building:
In this project, you are building many different skills including research, critical thinking, writing and developing analytical skills related to various financial analysis tools and strategy tools used in business. You will select optimal strategies, design how to implement and evaluate the implementation process of the optimal strategies.
Outcomes Met With This Project:
· Examine the impact of ethical decision making, social responsibility, stakeholder analysis, and corporate governance on organizations and society
· Utilize a set of useful analytical skills, tools, and techniques for analyzing a company strategically;
· Integrate ideas, concepts, and theories from previously taken functional courses including, accounting, finance, market, business and human resource management;
· Analyze and synthesize strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) to generate, prioritize, and implement alternative strategies in order to revise a current plan or write a new plan and present a strategic plan;
· Evaluate the outcomes of identified strategies to determine their success and impact on short-term and long-term objectives.
Instructions:
Step 1: Research
In completing the report, you will use the chapters in the eBook as a guide and perform research on the same company as in Projects 1 and 2, answer the required elements below in narrative form following the steps.
Note: Your report is based on the results of the research performed and not on any prepared documentation. What this means is that you will research and draw your own conclusions that are supported by the research and the course material rather than the use any source material that puts together any of the tools or techniques whether from the Internet, for-pay websites or any document, video or source material. A zero will be earned for not doing your own analysis.
Library Resources
You will be using scholarly material and Mergent Online to research privately held and private companies. On the main navigation bar in the classroom select, Resources and then select Library. Select Databases by Title (A - Z). Select M from the alphabet list, and then select Mergent Online.
UMUC library is available for providing resources and services. Seek library support for excellence in your academic pursuit.
Library Support
Extensive library resources and services are available online, 24 hours a d.
Final Paper OutlineRead the assignment instructions for the FinaChereCheek752
Final Paper Outline
Read the assignment instructions for the Final Paper. Next, develop an outline for your Final Paper writing in full sentences (12 point font, Times New Roman font, double spaced). In your outline, create at least one section for each of the five concepts that you will use in your Final Paper and include supporting material for each concept. Be sure to include a bibliography with at least two of the sources that you will use for your Final Paper. Please make sure that the sources that you use are listed in the APA format. Your outline must include an introduction with a thesis statement and end with a conclusion that reaffirms the thesis.
Cite your resources in text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Writing Center on the left navigation toolbar.
Carefully review the Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.) for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
Final Paper
Imagine that you are proposing a new communication structure for an organization. Write a formal proposal in which you discuss at least five concepts that you feel are most important for successful communication within an organizational setting. Explain why these concepts are necessary for successful communication and how best to implement them within an organization.
Examples of concepts that you may choose to use are active listening, organizational culture, conflict resolution, key principles of human communication, leadership strategies, formal and informal communication, etc.
Your information for this paper should not be based on your own opinions; you must back up your information with research. The research may include readings from this course or from outside sources. In total, your paper must include at least five sources with at least two from the University of Arizona Global Campus Library. This is a formal paper and should include proper grammar, complete sentences, appropriate paragraphs, and correct citations/references in proper APA style. Along with explaining the communication concepts and including the research, you can also use your personal experiences to explain the research that you are presenting in your paper.
NOTE: A full sentence outline of this assignment will be submitted during Week 3. You will receive feedback on your outline so that you can make improvements before you submit your final paper in Week 5.
The paper must be eight to ten pages in length (excluding title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style. You must use at least five scholarly sources (two of which must be found in the University of Arizona Global Campus Library) other than the textbook to support your claims. Cite your sources in text and on the reference page. For information regarding APA samples and tutorials, visit the Writing Center on the left navigation toolbar.
Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
1. Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length, and format ...
ENG 3107 Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Scienc.docxSALU18
ENG 3107: Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Sciences
Rev.3.10.16
Project 6: Recommendation Report
OWL Early Draft Due Date:
OWL Advanced Draft Due Date:
ENG Peer Review Draft Due Date:
ENG Final Draft Submission Deadline:
Final Draft Page Count and Setup Requirement:
Polished, properly formatted, 8+ page report (plus cover page and References page)
4 or more research sources
APA cover page, in-text citations, and References page
12-point Times New Roman font
Double-spaced lines
3rd person point of view
What: Research and write a Recommendation Report that persuades readers to take action in
response to a defined organization-related problem.
How: As you develop the Recommendation Report assignment for this course, keep in mind that its
final draft must be presented in APA format and contain these required sections:
I. Title/cover page
II. Table of Contents
III. Abstract
IV. Introduction
a. purpose of Recommendation Report
b. background or problem that motivated Recommendation Report
V. Discussion
a. criteria upon which Recommendation Report recommendations will be
based
b. data/research findings
c. analysis of data against criteria
VI. Conclusion/Recommendation
a. summary giving significance of findings and drawing conclusion based
on data/findings in Recommendation Report
b. recommendation for next steps or course of action based on
data/findings discussed in the Recommendation Report
VII. References
Before you begin this project, here are some questions to consider:
ENG 3107: Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Sciences
Rev.3.10.16
What is the specific problem you will discuss in your Recommendation Report?
o Have the problem, and its recommended solution(s) or proposed course of action,
been narrowed in scope to be described within the limits of this paper’s page
count?
o What action do you want to convince the audience to do/accept?
o Will the report attempt to solve an internal organizational problem?
Who is the target audience?
o Will the Recommendation Report be addressed from one organization to another?
Or will it be from an individual to an organization?
o Who has the power to approve the recommendations in your proposal?
What research findings will you need?
o How much background information will be needed to ensure the audience
understands the problem and the need for solution(s)?
o What specific research findings will best support your description of the problem
and your proposed recommendations for change?
A Peer Review session is scheduled for the advanced draft of this assignment; participation in
Peer Review as a reviewer and reviewee is required. Further details about Peer Review will be
provided at a later time.
You will also be working with an OWL specialist to create multiple drafts of this assignment toward a
polished, well-crafted final version of your work. ...
Similar to Upload your draft by Friday @ 1159 pm! Draft instructions Pl.docx (13)
Written AssignmentPlease provide a comprehensive answer to the fol.docxouldparis
Written Assignment
Please provide a comprehensive answer to the following two questions:
1) Which were the main causes of the Great Depression?
2) Why did the Great Depression last so long?
Indications:
• To answer these questions, please start with our textbook information and then use at least one more reputable source for your research.
• Please use the bibliographic information recommended by the Modern Language Association (MLA).
• When typing your report use Font 12, Double Space, and Normal Margins
• Length: at least five pages.
• The day of the final exam.
.
Writing Piece AnalysisWhat do you think are some steps this writ.docxouldparis
Writing Piece Analysis
What do you think are some steps this writer took to create this piece besides the writing steps we reviewed?
Identify:
The topic:
The thesis statement:
Provide 4 pieces of evidence that support the thesis statement:
How does the author conclude this piece? (What is the conclusion?)
Homework:
Find a non-fiction piece of writing and use the questions above to analyze it. Bring in article along with analysis next week.
.
Written Assignment 1 Biology and Technology in the Real World.docxouldparis
W
ritten Assignment 1: Biology and Technology in the Real World
Background
:
This assignment will give you the opportunity to participate in ongoing scientific research. For the past several years, I have been involved in ecological research in old-growth forests in Wisconsin. In many areas the forest floor is dominated by a grasslike species, Pennsylvania sedge (
Carex pensylvanica
). The sedge may exclude other ground species by interspecific competition, which may decrease the number of species in an area, which is a main component of biodiversity. The Penn sedge "lawns" are probably caused by selective herbivory by an abundance of white-tailed deer. The deer do not like the sedge but consume most other ground plants. [Please read OLI Module 51 for information on interspecific competition & herbivory and Module 53 on biodiversity.]
Another problem in the forests is that dominant trees, such as white pine and sugar maple, do not show successful reproduction to replace the old pines and maples that die, which leads to the question - does Pennsylvania sedge decrease the establishment of tree seedlings? With support from a UMUC Faculty Research Grant to create this assignment, I collected data last summer that you can use to test three hypotheses-
Hypotheses
A. Pennsylvania sedge inhibits regeneration of white pine
B. Pennsylvania sedge inhibits regeneration of sugar maple
C. Pennsylvania sedge decreases biodiversity
Choice of Study Site - Practice with Google Earth:
Most, if not all, students are familiar with the use of GPS (Global Positioning System) to navigate. I assume that many of you are also familiar with Google Earth, an interactive aerial map of the globe. It is a very useful tool. When we lived in Okinawa, we chose a home to rent before our 2011 move to Rhode Island by investigating the property and its environs on Google Earth, and are very happy with our choice. Google Earth can be downloaded free at earth.google.com
I also make use of Google Earth in choosing study sites for my research, especially when I was searching for remaining old-growth white pine forests in Upper Michigan. For practice with this relatively-new technology, I have included an exercise involving Google Earth with this assignment (under "Report" below).
Methods of Data Collection
Data were collected during 2-4 August 2013 in a study plot within a forest dominated by trees of sugar maple, red oak, and red maple at Trout Lake Cathedral Point, Vilas County, Wisconsin (Figure 1). All ground species were identified in 2- x 2-meter quadrats that were positioned as a strip of adjacent quadrats in transects of adjacent across the plot. In ecology, a quadrat is defined as a sample area and a transect is a sample line. Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the method of transects of continuous quadrats. Within each of the sample quadrats, the percent cover of Penn sedge was estimated and all established tree seedlings (defined as > 20 cm in .
Writing question What are the sources of homophobia in South korea.docxouldparis
Writing question: What are the sources of homophobia in "South korean culture”?
"korean culture” is the culture korean were born into and brought up in. as well as the general culture around you.
Homophobia – hatred of gay people – is in all cultures, though it is receding very quickly in some of them. Where does in come from in Korean culture?
Further, is the attitude in your age group the same as that in that culture in general? Do you and your friends think the same way? Why or why no? And what do you expect for the future?
As always, make sure to discuss the role of the media in all of this.
No plagiarism.
Essays should be about two to three pages double-spaced, about 500-700 words.
.
Writing one pages for each of the topicPlease separate Plea.docxouldparis
Writing one pages for each
of the topic
Please
separate
Please on time
Topic 1-
The self in interpersonal communication.
Topic
2-
Impression Formation.
Topic 3- Culture,Gender, and Listening
Topic
4-
Listening Barriers.
Please focus about the grammar , MLA style and
simple words.
Each paper should be organized with a clear beginning, middle, and end. Be sure to give an overview of the paper's main ideas in the introduction and summarize these main ideas at the end of the paper.
Please no
Plagiarism
.
Writing one pages for each of the topicTopic 1- Why Study .docxouldparis
Writing one pages for each
of the topic
Topic 1- Why Study
Interpersonal Communication
Topic
2- The Nature of Interpersonal Communication
Topic 3- Culture
Topic
4-
Culture Differences
Please focus about the grammar , MLA style and simple words.
Each paper should be organized with a clear beginning, middle, and end. Be sure to give an overview of the paper's main ideas in the introduction and summarize these main ideas at the end of the paper.
Please no
Plagiarism
.
Writing assignment to be completed in APA format, double spaced, and.docxouldparis
Writing assignment to be completed in APA format, double spaced, and 1-2 pages in length. In your response, be certain
to answer all questions clearly and concisely.
Compare and contrast two events motivated by incentives, one where the self-interested behavior was good for society and the other where it was bad.
.
Writing Assignment (Part 1) Identifying the HypothesisDue in Week.docxouldparis
Writing Assignment (Part 1): Identifying the Hypothesis
Due in Week 3 and worth 50 points
Consider a social issue in which you are interested. It could be human freedom, sexuality, deviance, crime, social mobility, poverty, education, aging, or another similar issue. Select a specific hypothesis that you will evaluate against the available evidence from your library / Internet research.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Apply the sociological perspective to a variety of socioeconomic and political problems.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in sociology.
Write clearly and concisely about sociology using proper writing mechanics.
NOTE: I want to chose human freedom as a social issue for this paper. Only one or two pages at least.
Thanks
.
Write a draft of no more than 1,800 words of the strategic plan fo.docxouldparis
Write
a draft of no more than 1,800 words of the strategic plan for Macy's, including the following:
Implementation plan
Objectives
Functional tactics
Action items
Milestones and a deadline
Tasks and task ownership
Resource allocation
Any required organizational change management strategies that would enhance successful implementation
Key success factors, budget, and forecasted financials, including a break-even chart
Risk management plan, including contingency plans for identified risks
Format
your plan consistent with APA guidelines.
.
Writing a Rhetorical CritiqueAudience and PurposeWho is the .docxouldparis
Writing a Rhetorical Critique
Audience and Purpose
Who is the intended audience?
What is the writer’s purpose?
How well does the text suit the particular purpose?
Influence of Genre on the Shape of the Text
How has the genre affected the author’s style, structure, and use of evidence?
Author’s Style
How do the author’s language choices and sentence length and complexity contribute to the impact of the text?
Appeal to logos, the logic of the argument
How well has the author created a reasonable, logically structured argument?
Use of evidence
How reputable, relevant, current, sufficient, and representative is the evidence?
Appeal to ethos and the credibility of the author
How well does the author persuade readers that he/she is knowledgeable, reliable, credible, and trustworthy?
Appeal to pathos
How well does the author appeal to readers’ emotions, sympathies, and values?
Author’s angle of vision
How much does the author’s angle of vision or interpretive filter dominate the text, influencing what is emphasized or omitted?
.
Writing a First Draft General Organization of an Argument .docxouldparis
Writing a First Draft
General Organization of an Argument
|
General Organization of the Course Project
|
What to Include in the Introduction
|
Body Section I
|
Acknowledge the Opposing View
|
Using American Psychological Association (APA) Documentation Style
For the remainder of the course, we will focus on drafting and refining your paper; that effort begins with the draft you’ll write this week. By now you’ve conducted library and Internet research for information to support your topic. You’ve read a variety of sources of research. You’ve also written assignments over the past few weeks that contain material that you can incorporate into the draft. Now you will combine the components into the paragraphs and pages of your project. This week, you’ll plan your Course Project and write the first two sections.
How do you get there? It’s not as difficult as you might think.
General Organization of an Argument
Back to Top
If you’ve ever watched a courtroom scene, you’re familiar with the basic organization that is used to persuade an audience using an argument. One side introduces an issue, usually with background information. The opposing argument is stated and then taken apart point by point to create reasonable doubt. The audience is then presented with the main argument. The main argument is presented logically so that the audience can easily follow. This means that one section is presented at a time, each one supported by reasonable evidence from experts, witnesses, or personal testimony. The argument ends with a conclusion asserting the final persuasive points that are left to the audience to make a conclusion about.
Similarly the Course Project will have a recognizable structure.
General Organization of the Course Project
Back to Top
The Course Project consists of the following sections.
Introduction
Attention-getting hook
Topic, purpose, and thesis
Background
Relevance to reader
Body
Logically presented, point-by-point argument with evidence
(the number of sections may differ by paper, but you should plan to have at least two sections)
Section 1 (2–5 paragraphs)
Section 2 (2–5 paragraphs)
Section 3 (2–5 paragraphs)
Section 4 (2–5 paragraphs)
Section 5 (2–5 paragraphs)
Conclusion
Each section has a distinct focus.
Introduction and Background
Engages the audience; identifies the topic, purpose, and thesis, and previews for the reader how the papers will be organized.
Body
Divides into sections that logically present the point-by-point argument with evidence; developed with two to five major sections with two to five paragraphs each.
Conclusion
Summarizes without repeating information and includes a call for action that outlines how the reader might think or act differently.
The first draft, due this week, will provide the introduction and one section of the body of the paper.
What to Include in the Introduction
Back to Top
The introduction contains the following elements.
Attention-getting hook
Topic, purpos.
Writing a compare and contrast essay.Prompt Compare and cntr.docxouldparis
Writing a compare and contrast essay.
Prompt : Compare and cntrast girl and boy students
point by point. at least 4 different point. 4 body paragraph.
Example:
Point by point
First paragraph: Intro with thesis - name your two subjects and three points in the intorduction!
Ex. Thesis : It is clear from food, hygiene and attitude that cats are better than dogs.
Second paragraph: Point 1: Food
What both cats and dogs eat
Third paragraph: Point 2: Hygiene
Both cats and dogs cleaning methods
Fourth paragraph: point 3 Attitude
Both cats and dogs attitudes.
Fifth paragraph: Conclusion
.
Writing Assignment Discuss a LegalEthical IssueWrite a paper bas.docxouldparis
Writing Assignment: Discuss a Legal/Ethical Issue
Write a paper based on a real court case involving a newspaper. You
may not
use
Sullivan v. NYT,
but all other cases are approved. Select one of the following terms to focus on.
Libel
First Amendment
Freedom of Information Act
Invasion of privacy
Access/trespass
Copyright law
First serial rights
Simultaneous rights
Privacy Protection Act
Surreptitious reporting
Please find in a newspaper an actual documented court case or an article connected to one of the terms above. Use a search engine to find a plethora of this type of documented court case examples.
In your report, do the following.
Examine the term you selected.
Define the term and relate it to journalism and newspapers.
Using your court case example, explain how this issue became a legal matter for that newspaper.
Explore what could have been prevented, who won the case and why, and what this meant for future newspapers.
Your paper should clearly explore the term you selected and its implications through the actual court case you examine.
Your paper should be three pages long.
Your paper should follow APA formatting.
.
Writing Assignment #2 Supreme Court DecisionIn this assignment,.docxouldparis
Writing Assignment #2: Supreme Court Decision
In this assignment, you will be a Supreme Court Justice deciding on a Fourth Amendment case.
Carefully read about the case in question, the summaries of related Supreme Court decisions, and directions for the assignment.
The Case “Doe v. City of Intrusia”:
Trouble was brewing in the small, quiet city of Intrusia.
Someone was selling methamphetamine to the local teenagers and a popular football player died after an overdose.
The community was panicked and demanded that the police find the source of the meth and shut it down immediately.
The police suspected that 20 year old Joe Doe was selling the meth but they didn’t have much evidence.
The state prosecutor advised the police department to talk with the local cell phone carrier about “cloning” Mr. Doe’s phone.
The cell phone carrier created a “clone” phone which allowed the police to read text messages sent and received by Mr. Doe.
In no time the police had evidence implicating Mr. Doe as a dealer and the location of the meth lab.
Mr. Doe was convicted and the meth lab was closed.
Mr. Doe is appealing his conviction, claiming that the interception of text messages violated the unreasonable search and seizure protections of the Fourth Amendment.
Furthermore, all evidence from the text messages should have been excluded from his trial.
The City of Intrusia argues that there was no physical intrusion into Mr. Doe’s space and that police were acting quickly in order to uphold their duty to protect the community’s safety.
Background:
In Silverman v. United States the Supreme Court held that that the Fourth Amendment does not protect conversations, therefore wiretapping does not constitute a search and seizure.
The case was reversed in Katz v. United States, when Justice Harlan proposed a two pronged test of whether public actions should be considered private and therefore protected.
1)
Has the person exhibited an expectation of privacy?
and 2) is the expectation of privacy one that society is prepared to recognize as 'reasonable.'?
In more recent decisions, the Supreme Court has found that society is not prepared to extend privacy rights to bank customers regarding their bank statements and that society was not prepared to recognize a privacy right-to grow a backyard crop of marijuana.
The Questions:
·
Does the Fourth Amendment protect text messages sent over a cell phone?
·
Is there a “reasonable expectation of privacy” when texts are sent?
o
Did Mr. Doe exhibit an expectation of privacy when he sent the texts?
o
Is there a societal expectation of privacy in the process of text messaging?
Related Supreme Court Decisions (each case is linked to a short description on Oyez.com):
Court Case
Question
Olmstead v. United States (1928)
Did the use of evidence disclosed in wiretapped private telephone conversations; violate the recorded party’s Fourth and Fifth Amendments?
Katz v. United States (1967)
Does the Fourth Amendment protec.
Writing Assignment (Part 1) 3 pagesConsider a social issue in .docxouldparis
Writing Assignment (Part 1): 3 pages
Consider a social issue in which you are interested. It could be human freedom, sexuality, deviance, crime, social mobility, poverty, education, aging, or another similar issue. Select a specific hypothesis that you will evaluate against the available evidence from your library / Internet research.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Apply the sociological perspective to a variety of socioeconomic and political problems.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in sociology.
Write clearly and concisely about sociology using proper writing mechanics
.
writing a paragraph by answering the qustions on the file i alread.docxouldparis
writing a paragraph by answering the qustions on the file i already
uplaod. "Marketing Plan"
2. Place/Distribution
8
Should the firm try to deliver its offerings directly to customers, or can it better deliver
selected offerings by involving other organizations? What channel(s) should
be used in distributing product offerings?
8
What physical distribution facilities should be used? Where should they be located?
What should be their major characteristics?
8
Are members of the target market willing and able to travel some distance to buy
the product?
8
How good is access to facilities? Can access be improved? Which facilities need
priority attention in these areas?
8
How are facility locations chosen? Is the site accessible to the target markets? Is it
visible to the target markets?
8
What are the location and atmosphere of retail establishments? Do these retailers
satisfy customers?
8
When are products made available to users (season of year, day of week, time of
day)? Are these times most appropriate?
i uplaod some files about our project talking about "Chipotle"
.
Write an 1,050- to 1,400-word essay on technology and social chang.docxouldparis
Write
an 1,050- to 1,400-word essay on technology and social change, covering the following:
Provide an introduction that defines both technology and social change and discusses how they are related.
Discuss the impact of the personal computer, cellular phones, and the internet on society.
Using the three major sociological perspectives, describe the equilibrium model, the digital divide and cultural lag in relation to these technologies and social change.
Include how technology has influenced social epidemiology, health and the environment.
Explore a recent or emerging form of technology and discuss its potential benefits or consequences for society.
Provide a conclusion that summarizes key points.
Cite
at least three academic, peer-reviewed sources and two popular magazines.
Format
the paper consistent with APA guidelines.
.
Write a paper of no more than 700 words in which you do the follow.docxouldparis
Write
a paper of no more than 700 words in which you do the following:
Explain the role of ethics and social responsibility in developing a strategic plan, considering stakeholder needs.
Explain how your ethical perspective has evolved.
Format
your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
.
Write a paper of no more than 1,050 words that incorporates id.docxouldparis
Write
a paper of no more than 1,050 words that incorporates ideas from the attached document. The paper should do the following:
Summarize the issue.
Identify the problem.
Explain why this is the underlying problem.
Reflect on the group collaboration process in defining the problem.
Explain how a clearly defined problem could help you find the solutions.
*****Response must be consistent with APA guidelines complete with in-text citations as well as reference page. *****
.
Write a paper of no more than 1,050 words that incorporates idea.docxouldparis
Write
a paper of no more than 1,050 words that incorporates ideas from the attached documents. The paper should do the following:
Summarize the issue.
Identify the problem.
Explain why this is the underlying problem.
Reflect on the group collaboration process in defining the problem.
Explain how a clearly defined problem could help you find the solutions.
*****Response must be consistent with APA guidelines complete with in-text citations as well as reference page. *****
.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
Upload your draft by Friday @ 1159 pm! Draft instructions Pl.docx
1. Upload your draft by Friday @ 11:59 pm!
Draft instructions:
Please upload a draft of your proposal along with a detailed
description of your company or organization that you are
writing this for (audience). You can use the audience analysis
sheet from previous assignments, or create a paragraph on your
own or use this: Audience Analysis (Links to an external site.)
_____________________________________________________
____________________________
A proposal is a persuasive document that offers a solution to an
identified problem or need. Proposals attempt to sell an idea, a
product or service, or a new concept or plan. Proposals may be
brief or long. A one-page request for a room change written to a
club adviser and a 2,000-page multivolume document selling a
new type of amphibious tank to the Department of Defense are
examples of proposals.
Proposals may be informal or formal, solicited or unsolicited.
Solicited proposals are invited, that is, the awarding
organization calls for proposals from interested
individuals/parties, usually via an RFP. The awarding
organization lays down the requirements that the proposal
should contain. In many cases, a standard format is provided for
the parties to submit their proposals. Unsolicited proposals are a
little more detailed because they must establish more
background information. In this assignment, you'll have a
choice to write an unsolicited or solicited proposal.
· Overall Goal: In this project, you will be writing a proposal
for a company or agency of your choosing. It can be one that
you already work for or perhaps hope to work for one day, but
you should know the company in order to evaluate its issues. If
you don't have a workplace in mind, you can use Temple as
your workplace. Your ultimate task is to write a persuasive
proposal about a change you would like to see. You will begin
by identifying a problem, issue, or conflict and providing some
2. background on why this problem exists. You will then construct
a convincing and tactful argument about why this change is both
necessary and beneficial. Additionally, you will use workplace
observations, informal interviews with co-workers, and
academic research articles to provide support and justification
for your proposal. You should view your intended audience as
the people, committee(s), or governing body with the authority
to enact your proposal.
· Purpose: This assignment has three main goals. First,
gathering research from a variety of sources will help you to
find credible evidence to support the change you will argue for
in your proposal. Second, this assignment will give you practice
in collecting primary-source research through close observation
and interviewing your co-workers. Third, through searching for
secondary source research, such as trade or academic journals
and online databases, you will gain experience finding,
presenting, and citing secondary-source research in your
writing.
· Audience: You need to clearly define the audience in the
proposal. It will either be a company of your choosing or
Temple University.
Option 1: Unsolicited Proposal for a Company of Your
Choosing
Scenario: You are working for a company that you would like to
see make some changes. There are issues that you believe affect
the company's morale and success. You've taken it upon
yourself to write a proposal to the management team that will
clearly illustrate the problem and provides a solution. You
begin the process of writing the proposal. Since there is no RFP,
you will choose the format on your own.
Option 2: Solicited Proposal for Temple University's RFP
Scenario: You are an independent contractor searching for a
Request for Proposal. In one of the city databases, you come
across Temple University’s RFP for General Improvements for
Campus Life. This RFP was created in response to Temple’s
3. Day of Complaints, where students were asked to voice their
suggestions for improvements to the Main campus. Since you
are qualified to do the work, you start the process of writing
your proposal.
_____________________________________________________
______________
RFP TEMPLE UNIVERSITY
I. INTRODUCTION
Temple University (“TU”) is seeking responses from firms
interested in providing services to TU by submitting a response
to this Request for Proposals (“RFP”) for renovation and
improvement projects in the Center City campus (collectively,
the “Project”). The selected contractor shall develop a proposal
for the various projects on this campus.
TU will require the successful contractor to comply with TU
Standards, policies, rules and procedures requiring good faith
efforts in subcontracting with emerging small businesses, and
minority and women-owned businesses in the Project.
II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Each proposal should provide an explanation of the project
details as outlined by the student consensus of campus issues.
III. BUDGET AND TIMELINE
The construction budget for the components of this project is
currently estimated to be between $1M - $1.5M. This budget
will include all materials and labor costs, escalation, the
contractor’s fee, general conditions costs, limited reimbursable
expenses, payment and performance bonds, and the contractor’s
contingency.
All work should be completed within 12-18 months of the
proposed start date.
IV. INSTRUCTIONS TO RESPONDENTS
Your response should be contained in a document that is
approximately 4-6 pages, including pictures, charts, graphs,
tables and text you deem appropriate to be part TU’s review of
your response. A table of contents, front and back covers, and
blank section dividers will not be counted in the page limit.
4. Make sure to include contact information including email for
communication purposes. The response should be submitted in a
digital format via the Canvas submission box.
Table 1. Format guidelines for the requested proposal.
Aspect
Description
Font for headings
Serif or sans serif: size in accordance with the hierarchy
Font for text portion
12-point serif such as Times New Roman or Book Antiqua
Margins
Standard, at least 1 inch
Paragraphing
Indented paragraphs, line skip between paragraphs in a section
Page number
Bottom centered
Figure names
Numbered: Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and so forth
Figure captions
Below figure in 10 point type
Table names
Numbered: Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and so forth
Table headings
Above table in 12 point type
_____________________________________________________
___________________
Proposal Writing Process and Components
Gathering Information
There are steps required in the production of this proposal. All
components are counted as part of your grade and therefore
should be completed.
1. Proposal Brainstorm & Pitch - You are required to identify an
issue relevant to your workplace and briefly discuss how you
might like to see it changed. The purpose of this is to generate a
focus for the assignments.
2. Express-Line Observation and Reflection - This assignment
5. has four subparts in which you will learn about the value and
methodology of qualitative observational research.
· The first part of this assignment asks you to use the express
checkout line at a local grocery store, paying particular
attention to the details of their experience.
· Then write up a 500-word account of your observation and
post it to the online discussion board.
· Next, you read the first chapter from Emerson, Fetz, and
Shaw’s (1995) text, Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes.
Importantly, Emerson, Fetz, and Shaw also go on to show how,
in three examples
of express-line observations written by their own students,
people’s accounts of similar experiences always differ from one
another’s because of individual backgrounds, biases, and ways
of seeing.
· Finally, you will read at least two observations done by your
classmates and write a reflection and meta-analysis that ties
together the reading, their own observation, and the
observations recorded by your classmates.
3. Workplace Observation - Armed with the new knowledge of
observation, you are asked to conduct a short qualitative
observation in their workplace in which they focus on
interaction and activities related to the issue identified in their
Proposal.
4. Interviews - You are asked to interview at least one person
(though more would be beneficial) or conduct one survey in
your workplace to gather primary data.
5. Secondary Research - You must gather secondary and tertiary
sources that help build your proposal and make it persuasive.
Guidelines for Content:
· Title Page
· a. Title of project in initial capital letters
· b. The sponsoring company and contact person’s name and
information
· c. Team name and individual member names
· d. Date
6. · Introduction/Executive Summary
· Content: A brief summary of the proposal
· Length: one-third to one-half page
· Statement of Need/Problem:
· Background information to educate the reader
· Detailed problem description, as you now understand it
· Description of concerns, impacts, alternatives with advantages
or disadvantages
· Project Description/Objectives:
· Design specifications in specific, quantitative terms.
· Critical design issues, constraints, limitations.
· Detailed steps of the process, describing specific concerns and
requirements of each stage
· In this section, you translate the University’s quantitative and
qualitative needs into clear, objective design specifications.
You describe the process of completing the work. Define the
scope of work and clearly state the project objectives, including
the following:
· Timeline: A table of the length of time for each phase of the
project.
· Budget: A table that describes the full cost of all expenses,
including equipment, labor costs, person hours.
· Results expected:
· In this section, you should describe any specific results as
well as any wider benefits or anticipated benefits.
· Contact Information and Qualifications:
· In this section add in your company’s contact info and brag a
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ARTICLE IN PRESS
Int. J. Production Economics 87 (2004) 251–266
*Correspondin
1482466216.
E-mail addre
0925-5273/$ - see
doi:10.1016/j.ijpe
Enterprise information systems project implementation:
A case study of ERP in Rolls-Royce
Yahaya Yusuf
8. a,
*, A. Gunasekaran
b
, Mark S. Abthorpe
c
a
Business School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
b
Department of Management, University of Massachusetts, 285
Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747-2300, USA
c
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,
Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham NG1
4BU, UK
Abstract
Economic globalisation and internationalisation of operations
are essential factors in integration of suppliers,
partners and customers within and across national borders, the
objective being to achieve integrated supply chains. In
this effort, implementation of information technologies and
systems such as enterprise resource planning (ERP)
facilitate the desired level of integration. There are cases of
successful and unsuccessful implementations. The principal
reason for failure is often associated with poor management of
the implementation process. This paper examines key
9. dimensions of implementation of ERP system within a large
manufacturing organisation and identifies core issues to
confront in successful implementation of enterprise information
system. A brief overview of the application of ERP
system is also presented and in particular, ERP software
package known as SAP R/3, which was the ERP software
package selected by Rolls-Royce plc. The paper takes an in-
depth look at the issues behind the process of ERP
implementation via a case study methodology. It focuses on
business and technical as well as cultural issues at the heart
of the Rolls-Royce implementation. The case study also looks at
the implementation time scales and assesses the
benefits from the project both tangible and intangible.
r 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: ERP; Information systems; Implementation; Success
factors; Rolls-Royce
1. Introduction
The global nature of modern marketplace
requires active players to internationalise their
operations. In the past, companies were used to
competing based on one or two competitive
performance objectives such as price and quality.
However, present markets demand both price and
g author. Tel.: +44-1486466933; fax: +44-
ss: [email protected] (Y. Yusuf).
10. front matter r 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserve
.2003.10.004
quality in addition to greater flexibility and
responsiveness and thus today’s organisations
must compete based on all competitive objectives.
In order to achieve such simultaneity in perfor-
mance objectives, some organisations have decen-
tralised their operations by global outsourcing of
activities. This places enormous challenge on
companies to achieve a co-ordinated and inte-
grated supply chain. The emergence of various
information technologies such as the Internet,
electronic data interchange (EDI) and WWW
facilitate the attainment of an integrated supply
d.
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266252
chain and in turn flexibility and responsiveness in
meeting changing market requirements. Informa-
tion systems such as manufacturing resource
planning (MRPII) and enterprise resource plan-
ning (ERP) in particular have gained ground in
providing support for achieving an integrated
supply chain.
Firms around the world have been implement-
ing ERP systems since the 1990s to have a uniform
information system in their respective organisa-
tions and to re-engineer their business processes
(Rajagopal, 2002). ERP system as a packaged
11. software has the advantages of reduced cost, rapid
implementation, and high system quality (Lucas
et al., 1988). Although application packages have
these benefits over custom design software, pack-
aged software have problems of uncertainty in
acquisition and hidden costs in implementation.
Successful ERP implementation must be managed
as a program of wide-ranging organisational
change initiatives rather than as a software
installation effort. Such IT-driven initiatives re-
quire change of the organisation’s socio-economic
system, which is intertwined with technology, task,
people, structure, and culture. Thus organisational
resistance to change is identified as a critical
success factor for ERP implementation (Hong
and Kim, 2002).
Organisational fit and adaptation are important
to implementation of modern large-scale enter-
prise systems that are built with pre-determined
business process methodology. As a result, custo-
misation is a crucial, lengthy, and costly aspect in
the successful implementation of ERP system, and
has, accordingly, become a major speciality of
many vendors and consulting companies. Gefen
(2002) examines how such companies can increase
their clients’ perception of engagement success
through increased client trust, that is brought
about through respective and dependable custo-
misation.
Considering the importance of ERP in SCM, an
attempt has been made in this paper to analyze the
implementation issues of ERP in a major UK
company. The lessons learned from this company
would be useful for other companies in their
12. efforts to successfully implement modern ERP
system.
2. Enterprise resource planning
In the 1990s innovations in information tech-
nology led to the development of a range of
software applications aimed at integrating the flow
of information throughout a company, and these
commercial software packages were known as
Enterprise Systems. During this period one parti-
cular enterprise system called ERP caught the
attention of some of the worlds largest companies.
It has been estimated that businesses around the
world have been spending almost $10 billion per
year on ERP systems. ERP aims to integrate
business processes through the support of an
integrated computer information system (O’Brien,
1999).
ERP allows the corporate management of a
business, and aims to integrate individual func-
tional systems such as manufacturing, finance,
procurement and distribution. The systems allow
companies to replace their existing information
systems and also help to standardise the flow of
management information and have been regarded
as the next step in the evolution of MRPII. The
MRPII model actually forms the basic core of
ERP and uses similar modules, however some
ERP systems do contain certain modules that were
not originally used within MRPII such as compu-
ter aided design (CAD), distribution resource
planning (DRP), tool management systems
(TMS), and product data management (PDM)
(Yusuf, 1998; Prasad et al., 1999).
13. ERP uses Internet technologies to integrate the
flow of information from internal business func-
tions as well as information from customers and
suppliers. The system uses a relational database
management system, within client/server network
architecture, to capture valuable management
data. The key principle behind the system involves
entering the data from a series of modular
applications only once. Once stored, the data
automatically triggers the update of all related
information within the system. The systems can
support virtually all areas of an organisation,
across business units, departmental functions
and plants. The development of an ERP system
within a large manufacturing organisation requires
the integration of working practices and the
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266 253
information systems (Davenport, 1998; Mandal
and Gunasekaran, 2002).
Companies that use ERP can gain a competitive
advantage from the way they implement the
system and then exploit the resulting data. Many
companies that have installed ERP have claimed
to be more nimble within the marketplace than
their competitors with hard-to-change custom
made systems (Latamore, 1999).
ERP systems offer companies the following
three major benefits:
14. * Business process automation.
* Timely access to management information.
* Improvement in the supply chain via the use of
E-communication and E-commerce.
A vital task when implementing an ERP System
is to understand the difference between functions
and modules. Functions are defined as actual
physical tasks that are performed within a
company. Whilst modules can be considered as
pieces of software that help to provide the
functions, different ERP vendors have different
modules that perform the functions. The enor-
mous growth of the Internet and Microsoft
Windows packages, complementary as they are
as collaborative tools has made the argument for
ERP more compelling (Loizos, 1998). It is now a
general industry view that ERP will take them to
new heights of efficiency by enabling them to move
financial and other data speedily from one
department to another (Holt, 1999).
Companies have spent billions of dollars and
used numerous amounts of man-hours installing
elaborate ERP software systems. The ERP soft-
ware vendor market has experienced rapid growth
in the late 1990s. In 1998 there were five major
software vendors offering ERP solutions to
businesses worldwide. The largest of these was
SAP AG (http://www.SAP.com) who earned over
$5 billion in revenue. The Oracle Corp. was the
second largest with $2.4 billion in sales. Followed
in third place by PeopleSoft (http://www.People-
soft.com) who earned $1.3 billion. In fourth place
15. was J.D. Edwards with $979 million. And finally in
fifth place was the Baan Co. (http://www.Baan.
com) with $743 million in sales (Holland and
Light, 1999).
Van Stijn and Wensley (2001) focus on problems
that may arise after ERP systems have been
implemented—the in-use phase. Various problems
have been identified regarding the ERP systems in-
use. Because of the organisational unwillingness or
inability to make technology upgrades (Markus
and Tanis, 2000), the enterprise system may take
on the appearance of a legacy system in disguise.
3. Implementation of ERP
ERP when successfully implemented, links all
areas of a company including order management,
manufacturing, human resources, financial sys-
tems, and distribution with external suppliers and
customers into a tightly integrated system with
shared data and visibility (Chen, 2001). Potential
benefits include drastic declines in inventory,
breakthrough reductions in working capital,
abundant information about customer wants and
needs, along with the ability to view and manage
the extended enterprise of suppliers, alliances and
customers as an integrated whole (Escalle et al.,
1999).
The term ERP stands for enterprise resource
planning, however it is not good enough to just
plan resources required to run the enterprise, they
need to be managed as well. An organisation must
assess itself, to see if it is ready for ERP. It must
determine if it is ready for the competitive business
environment of today and then strengthen its
position for tomorrow’s changes. Some of the
16. companies that implement ERP systems do not
realise the full benefits that the system offers
because most organisations are not organised in
the correct fashion to achieve the benefits. Many
companies that attempt to implement ERP sys-
tems run into difficulty because the organisation is
not ready for integration and the various depart-
ments within it have their own agendas and
objectives that conflict with each other (Langen-
walter, 2000).
While companies such as Cisco Systems, East-
man Kodak, and Textronix have reaped the
expected benefits of ERP systems, many businesses
are discovering that their ERP implementation
is a nightmare. FoxMeyer Drug, a $5 billion
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266254
pharmaceutical company, recently filed for bank-
ruptcy (Al-Mashari and Zairi, 2000; Chen, 2001).
Dell Computers spent tens of millions of dollars
on an ERP system only to scrap it because the
system was too rigid for their expanding global
operations (Trunick, 1999). ERP implementations
involve, in truth, broad organisational transfor-
mation processes, with significant implications to
the organisation’s management model, organisa-
tion structure, management style and culture, and
particularly, to people (Wood and Caldas, 2001).
ERP software is very adaptable but not very
17. malleable and companies that wish to use them
correctly have to change their working practices to
fit the software. The key factor of an ERP
implementation is the way in which the software
is configured. The most important issue to identify
before an implementation is the ‘core’ of the
business, which can be identified by the use of the
business model (Chung and Snyder, 2000).
One original motive for buying an ERP system
was to automate business processes, but the
modern view has shifted to the quick access of
up-to-date and timely management information.
The majority of difficulties experienced by ERP
implementations have been the costly development
of additional software to help ‘bridge’ or retrieve
information from legacy systems. Before ERP
management reports can be generated and dis-
tributed to managers, the data has to be created
first which can be a costly and inefficient process.
In an attempt to improve the timeliness and
accuracy of management data, many software
vendors are making end-users responsible for
updating their own information rather than
relying on IT resources.
ERP software consists of a number of modules
that link together to form a complete business
solution, however the main difficulties experienced
by ERP users have been in manipulating the data
stored within the system. Software developers have
begun to address the need for additional informa-
tion tools. Some of these tools include the need for
detailed and advanced planning and advanced
scheduling and customer relationship manage-
ment. Abdinnour-Helm et al. (2003) discussed
18. the pre-implementation attitudes and organisa-
tional readiness for implementing an ERP system.
Huang and Palvia (2001) analyze the ERP
implementation issues in advanced and developing
countries. Umble et al. (2003) presents the
empirical findings on implementation procedures
and critical success factors for ERP. Van Stijn and
Wensley (2001) address some concerns, methods
and directions for future research on organisa-
tional memory and the completeness of process
modelling in ERP systems.
Most ERP software vendors supply their
customers with an implementation programme as
part of an overall solution package. For example
SAP provides some of its customers with acceler-
ated SAP (ASAP). ASAP suggests the adoption of
a ‘big bang’ implementation. This programme opts
for a quick implementation that is specifically
designed for small and medium sized companies.
‘Big bang’ implementations offer lower costs and
generally use only a few of the software’s inter-
faces, however the risks are greatly increased, as
less time is spent on development and assessing
business needs. There are several more papers on
ERP implementation and some of the most recent
ones include Mabert et al. (2003), Olhager and
Seldin (2003), Umble et al. (2003) and Wood and
Caldas (2001).
4. Systems, applications and products in data
processing
Five former IBM employees originally founded
systems, applications and products in data proces-
sing (SAP) in Mannheim, Germany in 1972. Their
19. aim was to produce standard software application
programmes that could integrate with each other
to form a business solution. SAP has been
dedicated to produce products that improve the
return on information gathered by an organisa-
tion. The company began its life with the name
‘Systemanalyse Und Programmentwicklung’ and
eventually became known as SAP.
SAP’s first product known as R/2 was built and
prototyped for a subsidiary of ICI. The system
they produced was simply known as system ‘R’,
which stands for ‘Real-time’ processing. This
system was fully integrated and could be used on
the IBM mainframe. The R/2 solution was
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launched in 1979 and was developed for a
computer mainframe environment, at the time it
was perceived as the most comprehensive system
available to businesses in the world, and it received
great interest from industries in the 1980s.
SAP saw the future potential for the delivery of
information to the end-user via the PC, so SAP
reinvented and developed their product further by
developing a business solution for the client/server
architecture environment, this became known as
R/3 and was released in 1992. In the 1990s SAP
and its R/3 solution would go on to become the
dominant ERP solution, and also become one of
20. the worlds biggest software houses.
SAP R/3 applications are a range of software
modules. They can be used either alone or
combined to form business solutions. SAP state
that their R/3 applications offer comprehensive
functionality for all standard business needs within
an enterprise. SAP R/3 uses a programming
language called advanced business application
programming (ABAP).
The following are SAP R3’s 12 application
modules: financial accounting, treasury, controlling,
enterprise controlling, investment management, pro-
duction planning, materials management, quality
management, project system, human resource man-
agement, sales and distribution, and plant main-
tenance and service management.
5. Rolls-Royce—case study
In this section, a case study conducted at Rolls-
Royce investigating the implementation of ERP
(SAP) is discussed. The case study starts with
introducing the company and its background,
presenting the status of IT before and after the
implementation of SAP, and giving the detail
chronological phase of the implementation of SAP
in Rolls-Royce. Also, the research methodology is
discussed. The implementation of SAP in the
company and project risks is presented.
5.1. Company background
Rolls-Royce returned to the private sector in
1987 and acquired Northern Engineering Indus-
tries in 1989. This acquisition allowed Rolls-Royce
21. to consolidate its capabilities in the area of
industrial power. A further acquisition was made
in 1995 when Rolls-Royce bought the Allison
Engine Company in the United States, thus
enlarging the company’s presence in aero propul-
sion and industrial gas turbines. The acquisition
allowed Rolls-Royce a major foothold within US
markets. The most modern family of engines is the
Trent series, which are also powerful three-shaft
turbofan engines similar to the RB211, and are
used to power the Airbus A330, A340-500/600.
The Trent series of engines offer greater thrust,
long range flight capabilities and economical
operating and maintenance costs. The Rolls-Royce
Power Generation Market includes both electrical
and nuclear power, which also includes marine
applications, such as providing power plants for
nuclear and naval vessels. Rolls-Royce is a truly
global business offering a range of first class world
leading products. It has facilities over 14 different
countries and also offers first rate after sales
services, covering mechanical overhauls and spare
part distribution. In March 1998 a new organisa-
tional structure was adopted that recognised the
strategy and the need for change to reflect
customer requirements.
5.2. The situations before ERP
Rolls-Royce used over 1500 systems before the
ERP project was started, many of which were
developed internally by Rolls-Royce over the last
two decades. These legacy systems were expensive
to operate and difficult to maintain and develop.
They did not provide accurate, consistent and
accessible data that was required for good and
22. timely decision-making and performance assess-
ment (e.g. delivery performance, quality metrics).
These ageing systems often did not lend themselves
fully to a modern manufacturing environment.
Some of the legacy systems were so old that they
had year 2000 compliance problems. Work within
Rolls-Royce was functionally orientated and
various departments worked in isolation.
The last major manufacturing system to be
developed and implemented by Rolls-Royce
was MERLIN, which stands for mechanised
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266256
evaluation of resources, logistics and inventory,
the system was basically a scheduling system which
ran on MRPII system principles. The system was
developed in the 1980s and, although it was
capable, it was prone to manual manipulation.
One particular down fall of the system was the lack
of communication between individual sites. MER-
LIN often had difficulty communicating with
another manufacturing system named IBIS, which
stands for inventory based instructing system.
IBIS was an older manufacturing system that
was used at the Bristol and Ansty facilities. Work
in progress was often transferred between sites and
could not be tracked accurately, often causing
inventory and stock take problems.
An additional system named corporate cost
23. accounting (CCA) was used to financially monitor
transactions, which covered pipeline inventory and
inter-site transport. Rolls-Royce also had a range
of individual systems for controlling and monitor-
ing commercial, financial and procurement func-
tions, these systems had problems interfacing with
each other, as they had different databases and file
formats. The legacy systems did not allow Rolls-
Royce to establish direct, on-line communication
with customers, partners and suppliers. In fact,
these systems did not support significant growth of
the business and were not sufficiently agile to keep
pace with the changing business environment.
5.3. IT at Rolls-Royce
In 1996 Rolls-Royce formed a partnership with
electronic data services (EDS). The Rolls-Royce
IT department was outsourced to EDS, which
meant that EDS were responsible for the develop-
ment of the company’s IT systems as well as taking
over the existing structure and providing adequate
IT resources. This move was made in order to
allow Rolls-Royce to concentrate its efforts on its
main area of expertise—the making and selling of
aero engines. Rolls-Royce decided that a partner-
ship with a world leading IT outsourcer would
benefit the company far more than designing and
maintaining their own IT systems. EDS were
chosen because of their substantial experience
within the aerospace industry. EDS also had the
responsibility for employing specialist consultants.
In 1998 changes were made to flatten the
structural hierarchy. The customer focused busi-
ness units (CFBU) were made responsible for
making sales deals within the various market
24. segments. Whilst the operational business units
(OBU) formed the manufacturing support for
producing the product, the Executive Group
controls the whole business and makes decisions
on the overall direction of the company.
5.4. The implementation project
The ERP project consists of a management team
of specialists from the external outsourcing com-
pany EDS. EDS also have the specialised talents of
SAP consultants. Within the project team are
specialist internal managers and staff that have
vital knowledge of cross-functional business rela-
tionships and experience of the old internal
systems. In conjunction with this team each OBU
has its own ERP planning team, which is
responsible for implementing working changes
and training. The project implementation pro-
blems can be grouped into three areas of cultural,
business and technical difficulty.
5.4.1. Cultural problems
The implementation project team expected a
high acceptance of the system in areas that provide
just as good or better functionality than the old
system. However some functions and processes
might not get the full appreciation the legacy
systems once had. The project team decided to
resolve this by illustrating the improvements made
to the company as a whole, thus breaking the
traditional segregation of OBUs and departments.
The original implementation plan was increased in
an attempt to address training and cultural
changes. Training took the form of organised
25. seminars, which were split into two distinct groups
of specialists and mass users. The specialist
training was carried out and conducted by SAP
and was technically based. These specialist experts
then in turn trained expert users. The remaining
training for end-users was conducted internally in
collaboration with EDS consultants. The training
carried out within the seminars was supported by
demonstrations within the workplace, along with
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266 257
information meetings and presentations to relay
information to all employees about the changes of
working practices. In all, more than 10,000 people
would have been trained.
5.4.2. Business problems
SAP R/3 requires a fairly rigid business struc-
ture for it in order to work successfully. The
participants of cross-functional workshops soon
understood that their working practices must be
adjusted in order to fit SAP, ultimately changing
the way Rolls-Royce does business. They achieved
this by using an internal business process re-
engineering (BPR) programme. The programme
consisted of four steps, the first involved drawing
and mapping the current processes. The second
step involved identifying any problems or issues
raised from the mapped process. The third step
involved applying some of these issues to a
26. demonstration of SAP, to identify potential
problems within the new system. The fourth step
involved the re-mapping or modification of the
processes in line with SAP. The modifications to
the Rolls-Royce business process meant that the
SAP R/3 software need not be modified. Mod-
ifications to the software would have been
extremely expensive both in terms of implementa-
tion resources and the fact that newer software
versions would be difficult to install in a modified
Create
Customer
Solution
s
Build
Customer
Relationship
Plan the
Business
Resource the
Business
27. Satisfy the
Shareholder
Manage
Cash
Fig. 1. Business pr
system. SAP named this unmodified software
implementation ‘Vanilla SAP’.
5.4.3. Technical problems
The main technical problems that Rolls-Royce
has encountered have been with the accuracy of
data. The new system requires the retrieval of old
data from the legacy systems that has to be
normalised, screened and stored in a sensible data
format within the new systems data repository.
The duplication of data was a major concern that
Rolls-Royce had to address. In some special areas
the old systems was kept running until such time as
they could be phased out by the new systems, and
to do this EDS built interfaces between the
systems. The CAD system used by Rolls-Royce
28. remained the same, as the process to alter the file
formats would be too expensive and require use of
valuable resources that are needed for the core
implementation.
Rolls-Royce has nine principal business pro-
cesses, which when taken together describe every-
thing the company does. Fig. 1 is a schematic
representation of the business processes and the
interfaces.
Rolls-Royce decided to adopt and utilise the
SAP solution offered for the aerospace and
defence industry. The SAP aerospace and defence
industry solution is the market leader in its
Resolve
Customer
Problems
Generate
Orders
Fulfil
Orders
29. ocess model.
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266258
industry and is highly configurable for flexible
‘vanilla’ implementation. Predetermined imple-
mentation points from the Rolls-Royce Steering
Committee and Implementation Team defined the
release strategy for the project. Any future third
party software products must first be accredited by
SAP to safeguard the upgrade process and would
require a justified business case. Business reports
that are generated by SAP have to be fully justified
in a business case, which follows a standard format
for internal use. Data entering the project has to be
identified, validated, cleaned, loaded, archived and
then maintained within a Data Warehouse.
Rolls-Royce have estimated that over 1000
additional PCs will be required and the total cost
for the network infrastructure was about two
30. million pounds. The company required over 6000
SAP licences for users across all the business. The
server was provided by Sun Microsystems and in
1 Strategy & Direction
2 Planning Analysis & Conv
3 Early Deployment
4
5
6
Wave 1 – Focus on Operat
Wave 1 – Pilot
Wave 2 – Focus on Assem
Key
Phase 1
32. Fig. 2. ERP implementation mo
excess of 2 Terabytes of disk space. The system
required almost 35 weekly MRP runs cascaded by
plant. A UNIX server bridges the data from legacy
systems and testing and training required an NT
server. The detail implementation model plan with
project time-scale is shown in Fig. 2.
5.4.4. Phase 1 (strategy and direction)
The first phase of the project was a short
intensive study to set the scope of the project
and provide an outline plan and costing. A
steering committee was formed to administer the
financial guidance of the project and a ‘ERP Core
Team’ was formed to control and oversee the
actual implementation process.
5.4.5. Phase 2
During the second phase a detailed plan was
created and a prototype system was installed. An
ergence
ions
33. bly & Spares
5
6
2000
Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
2001
SAP
‘Go Live’
del with project time-scale.
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266 259
enterprise model was developed based on the
34. Rolls-Royce Allison model, and all the existing
projects within Rolls-Royce were drawn together
and merged. Many issues were addressed including
the integration of Better Performance Faster
(BPF) initiatives. A series of workshops known
as ‘High Level Process Confirmation Workshops’
took place, which involved over 200 line personnel
and the ERP core team, and took into considera-
tion the various business processes within the
scope of the project. These workshops were closely
followed by ‘Business Simulation Workshops’,
which involved approximately 300 line personnel
and were used to forge a strong relationship
between the ERP core team and line personnel
and avoid possible pitfalls, such as initiative
fatigue or lack of co-operation. Activities carried
out during the second phase of the project
included:
* Preliminary design review—developing a design
and implementation strategy, defining the scope
of the project, and developing the business
process model.
* High level design review—analyse the enterprise
35. model, and develop ‘Vanilla’ prototype.
* Critical design review—detailed design and
customisation of the prototype.
* Implementation realisation—integration test-
ing.
* Technical/operation review—user acceptance
testing.
* Post implementation review—system deploy-
ment, systems conversion, user training before
the ‘Go Live’.
During phase two the projects core structures
were identified. Integrated programme manage-
ment (IPM) was also adopted for research and
development and would eventually cover the
whole business. Additional activities included the
support of finance and staff work booking. Phase
two was completed at a cost of d5.2 million, within
two weeks of the plan.
5.4.6. Project changes
36. During phase two a significant change was made
from the original timing of phase one, the
completion of wave one was deferred for about 6
months. This has resulted in a knock-on delay to
wave two by a corresponding amount. The change
in schedule was possible without a significant
increase in cost because the problems were
addressed early enough in the programme. There
were four main reasons for the change:
* To give the line organisations more time to
prepare, train and clean up data.
* To provide an additional 5 months period for
pilot running and early development of the
system.
* To provide additional time for the completion
of other pre-requisite projects being managed
by BPF. Specifically the deployment of product
data manager (PDM) and shop floor data
manager (SFDM) on which SAP is critically
dependent.
37. * To provide additional time for resolving diffi-
culties with successful use of SAP at RR
Allison.
5.4.7. Phase three (implementation)
This phase was too large to implement in one
go, and thus was divided into two ‘waves’. Both
waves were concerned with the physical imple-
mentation of the system and its architecture. The
waves were also concerned with changing working
practices within the company.
5.4.8. Wave one
This wave was concerned with the replacement
of legacy systems. IPM was also introduced for
new production projects during wave one. The
new manufacturing execution system, known as
shop floor data management (SFDM) was also
introduced during wave one. The ultimate end to
wave one was a SAP pilot project at one of Rolls-
Royce facility. The pilot laid the foundation for
the full ‘go live’ throughout the company about a
year afterwards. The first wave had the ultimate
38. aim of providing new capabilities for gas turbine
operations.
5.4.9. Wave two
The second wave was approximately 1 year in
duration, and was not operational until after the
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Y. Yusuf et al. / Int. J. Production Economics 87 (2004) 251–
266260
first wave finishes. The second wave was concerned
with implementing engine assembly, spares, logis-
tics and human resource elements within the
project. By this time the legacy systems was
switched to ‘view only’ as SAP becomes the
executive system. Once the new system shows a
positive response the older systems was phased
out. IPM completely covered the whole business
by the end of the second wave.
5.5. Changes to the existing system
39. During phase two, modifications were made to
the legacy systems. These modifications were
adopted in a series of suites.
5.5.1. Suite 1
Plan the supply chain: This takes place as part of
the corporate business planning activity with a 2–5
year horizon. A review was undertaken of all
potential future sales, including engines and
spares, identifying the probable minimum and
maximum levels. The supply chain capacity
was compared to the range of possible sales
scenarios.
Master schedule key programmes: Suite 1 sup-
ports the sales and operating review board
(SORB), which is a director level meeting, which
strategically plans engine sale and factory capacity
on a 2–5 year rolling forecast. The SORB makes
decisions affecting changes to achieve capacity in
terms of manpower, machines, technology, and
ultimately for factories to meet the potential sales
forecast. The SORB process has often been
40. referred to as the ‘Evaluation and Commitment
Acceptance Program’. The SORB meet every 3
months to decide what has to be made and when.
The SORB records baseline data from the previous
meeting and then identifies new changes. For
example if 20 engines were required last, it does
not necessarily mean that 20 were actually built, a
particular manufacturing unit may have had
machine breakdowns, which could have effected
the amount of work leaving the factory. A copy of
the plan gets taken from the Project System
module within SAP and then the new requirements
are input into an inactive version of the SAP
module Demands Management. This copy can
then be used in ‘what if’ simulations before finally
being transferred to the master copy as the latest
SORB.
5.5.2. Suite 2
Plan and schedule the factory: This converts the
agreed schedule from suite 1 into a production
plan and enables all the manufacturing units to
plan capacity to produce the required components.
The production plan may include schedule
41. smoothing. Schedule smoothing is a process,
which converts erratic customer requirements into
a consistent production plan that allows the
facility to operate efficiently on a regular pattern.
The operations businesses will have the responsi-
bility of holding excess inventory that is created by
schedule smoothing.
Schedule the shop: This converts the production
plan into a detailed shop plan. It generates when to
launch material (either raw material or part-
finished details) onto the shop floor, and when
the material should meet identified stages of the
manufacturing process.
5.5.3. Suite 3
Operate the factory: Suite 3 covers the control of
workflow through the shop from the initial
generation of launch paperwork, right through to
delivery of finished products. It gathers informa-
tion on the booking of work at identified stage
points in the manufacturing process, and collects
operating data for cell level management. It
controls inventory between the manufacturing
42. units and controls the flow of components through
the make process. Once SAP has become executive
these suites will be replaced by SAP modules and
SFDM, which will handle and perform these
tasks.
The complete systems architecture for the
project is extremely complicated, however for the
purpose of this discussion a brief overview can be
seen in Fig. 3. The core business operations are
supported by SAP and integrate with other
strategic software products (highlighted in brack-
ets). Rolls-Royce are using 11 out of 12 SAP
modules. They decided not to use the plant
maintenance module as they already have an
adequate system called MAXIMO (Fig. 4).
ARTICLE IN PRESS
Plan the supply chain
Master Schedule Key
Programmes
43. Plan & Schedule the
Factory
Schedule the Shop
Operate the factory
Suite 2
Suite 1
Suite 3
APS – Enterprise Level
APS – Factory Level and
SAP
SFDM and SAP
Fig. 3. The five box diagram of suite implementation.
Y. Yusuf et al. / Int. J. Production Economics 87 (2004) 251–
266 261
44. 5.6. The ERP pilot
A small-scale pilot of the system was run for 3
months and throughout this period, a facility
known as number 4 shop, which was part of the
transmissions and structures operations unit be-
came the central focus of attention for the whole
company. This facility was chosen for the pilot run
because the facility only produced 280 parts, and
material flowed into the facility at low volumes
from external suppliers and internal operational
units. The purpose of the pilot was to demonstrate:
* business principles;
* processes;
* procedures;
* role definitions and behaviours;
* software, hardware and data transfers.
‘‘We initially looked at over 1000 part numbers,
identified which ones had a schedule against
them, its the ones that have a schedule that we
did the data clean up on, which came down to
280 part numbers. If we had to do it across the
1000 part numbers we would never have got it
45. finished. For each part number there are
around about 30/40 operations, there had been
7 of us working full time on it, that’s included
Saturdays and Sundays as well!’’—Core Im-
plementation Team Member (a).
The implementation of ERP has created two
new roles at Rolls-Royce, these key roles were:
* MRP controllers;
* Capacity owners.
‘‘We had to go through symmetric tests,
aptitude tests, interviews, it was quite daunting
really, I mean to think that here I am, quite
settled but I’ve got to make these moves. I’m
told that I’ve got to spend X amount of time
around a PC, it’s a bit strange as I must spend
around 80 percent of my time on the shop floor
to day, and that’s going to change dramatically.
I will own the men and machines, the capacity
y’’—Core Implementation Team Member (b).
‘‘An MRP Controller is going to be in charge of
the inventory, and getting the raw material in,
46. and talking to the supplier and the customer.
But they’ve also got to release the material to
the shop floor, and then release the material
when its finished as a component to the
customer.’’—Core Implementation Team Mem-
ber (c).
ARTICLE IN PRESS
Finance
Core Organisation & Finance
Structure
Asset Management
Accounts Payable
Accounts Receivable
Product & Inventory Accounting
Profitability Analysis
Programme Management
Research & Development
47. Series Production
Spares & Other
Profit & Cost Accounting
Staff Work Booking
Human Resources
Resourcing
Compensation & Benefit
Payroll
Health & Safety
Organisation Development
Employee Development
Pensions
Product & Process
Development
Assembly Configuration
Component Configuration
48. Assembly Process Planning
Component Process Planning
ERP (SAP R/3)
Integrated Business Processes &
Systems Applications
Supply Chain Planning
Sales & Operations Planning
Demands Management
Master Production Scheduling
Material Requirements Planning
Forecasting & Provisioning
Supply Chain Optimisation
Procurement & Inventory
Sourcing
Procurement
Inventory Management
(Manufacturing)
49. Inventory Management
(Assembly)
Warehouse Management
Manufacturing & Assembly
Execution
Manufacturing Execution
Assembly Operations
Tool Management
Plant Management
Order Management
Sales Order Administration
Service Management
Manufacturing
Execution (SFDM)
Work StatusRoutings Work
Launch
51. Requirements
Facilities & Services
Management (MAXIMO)
Financial
Consolidation
(Hyperion)
Fig. 4. Systems applications architecture overview.
Y. Yusuf et al. / Int. J. Production Economics 87 (2004) 251–
266262
MRP Controllers and Capacity Owners were
sent on a residential behavioural course for 2
weeks and for most of them this was their first
glimpse at how they would be working in the
future.
‘‘We’ve got 20 users at Ansty, in the pilot and to
connect those users we’ve had to install a lot of
fibre network throughout the Ansty site. Its
such a huge task of delivering the infrastruc-
ture, that’s the reason why people have been so
52. frustrated, saying things like, I go live in 4
weeks and I haven’t got a piece of kit yet!
Once they’ve been trained and know how to
use that piece of kit they will have it there
and then. The second thing to bear in mind
is to really understand what roles the user is
going to play in the pilot. This is to ensure
that we have the right access permission
correctly set-up for the user so they can use
SAP correctly.’’—Core Implementation Team
Member (d).
Systems testing and getting the user to accept
the system were important roles undertaken in the
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Y. Yusuf et al. / Int. J. Production Economics 87 (2004) 251–
266 263
pilot. The following quotes give some insight:
‘‘Before the system can go-live the team needed
to check that it works properly in their
operational environment. User acceptance
53. training is all about buy off, we’re trying to
make sure that the ownership is with the
business not the core team. They have to say
we’re happy!’’—Core Implementation Team
Member (e).
‘‘I thought that when we first started the
programme it would be pretty black and white,
finishing the unit testing, starting the integra-
tion testing, starting the user acceptance testing,
its not that simple! What you have are different
bits of either configuration or bridges that you
have to phase in at different parts of the testing
cycle. They cannot be missed but they cannot be
finished in time to say, I’ve finished all unit
testing, I’ve finished all integration testing its
actually quite blurred.’’—Core Implementation
Team Member (e).
Loading clean data into the new system also
produced many difficulties. The following quotes
give some insight:
‘‘Its not until you actually try and load the data,
get the data in the system and then hopefully let
54. it feed into SAP that you really start to
understand that things aren’t quite right. We’ve
lost something like a week and a half so far
trying to get the bill of materials into metaphase
and then feed them into SAP.’’—Core Imple-
mentation Team Member (e).
‘‘We are going to load into SAP about 2 percent
of the part numbers that we would actually load
in wave one, and we are finding it incredibly
difficult!’’—Core Implementation Team Mem-
ber (d).
The initial problems experienced on ‘going live’
were:
* User authorisation problems, such as, password
and user level clearance.
* Work was temporarily halted on the shop floor,
as route cards were unavailable.
* Values between the systems were incorrect, so
comparisons were made on the values from the
legacy system with those on the new system,
such as inventory levels and WIP.
55. * Transaction problems occurred from the first
MRP run, so comparisons were made, between
the old and new systems, and corrections were
made.
A second pilot was also carried out for non-
production purchasing. The second pilot ran
executively, covering Derby-based purchasing of
ground support equipment. A third pilot also
was run by the Airline Business. The third pilot
was non-executive, but designed to specifically
explore the interplay between Metaphase PDM
and SAP.
5.7. The ‘Go Live
As the main ‘Go Live’ of the new system was
planned, the most difficult part of the cut over
process was in transferring the data from legacy
systems. The shear volume of data that has to be
transferred is far greater than any normal transac-
tion load that will be carried out by the system
56. thereafter. In order for this process to be successful
the data must be kept in a ‘stable’ state for a
period of roughly 10 weeks. The initial data to be
transferred includes some transaction data and
master data, for example, lists of suppliers. If any
changes occur to the data on the old systems after
the transfer, they are logged and then passed
through to the new system. The remaining data
was loaded in after the ‘Go Live’.
The next step during the ‘Go Live’ process
involved running the MRP system to initialise the
whole system. Purchase orders and purchase
requisitions was not transferred from the old
system, instead the MRP run should create them
fresh. The whole ‘Go Live’ process took roughly 2
weeks to complete, and during this time the new
system was ‘off the air’.
Immediately after the ‘Go Live’ the existing
legacy systems was switched to view only mode.
The view only mode enabled comparisons to be
performed between the old and new systems.
However, the legacy systems ceased to be executive.
57. ARTICLE IN PRESS
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266264
5.8. Project risks
The ERP Project at Rolls-Royce covers many
different departments and many different topic
areas, all of which have associated risks. In order
to address and take positive action to avoid failure
or potential errors the ERP implementation team
maintained and recorded in a great detail, a risk
register. Every issue within the company, which
involves risk has been catalogued and continu-
ously reviewed. The risk register is very large,
however the Rolls-Royce ERP Intranet page offers
a brief summary of some of the major risks:
* The possible failure or inability to align goals
through conflicting directions within the orga-
nisation.
* The non-delivery or non-availability of reliable
58. IT hardware and infrastructure both before and
during implementation.
* The possible failure of providing inadequate
and ongoing support after implementation,
from both Rolls-Royce and EDS.
* The resistance of change to new process
methods by management and supervision.
* Management and supervision may treat the
project as merely an IT implementation, rather
than change in process methods.
* Inadequately educating the workforce to oper-
ate the new system properly.
* Possible failure to cut over to the new system
through an inability to load data.
* Possible failure to cut over to the new system
through the inappropriate systems testing of
volume, stress and data conversion.
* Possible failure to give ERP adequate priority
59. due to the number of existing and ongoing
business improvements.
* Maintenance difficulties may occur on bridged
legacy systems.
* The project may impact on company interim
and end of year accounts.
* The PDM project may not be sufficiently
positioned in time with the ERP project.
* Possible changes to kitting demand during ‘go
live’ may stretch the new system and those
operating it on a learning curve beyond
capacity.
* The decision to implement Wave 1 separately
from Suite 3 may fail to integrate the new
systems.
* Airline Business After-sales may not be able to
analyse and manipulate inventory investment in
stock target groups (MERLIN functionality
which helps to control forecasting for
Airline Spares stock targets will be removed in
60. Wave 1).
6. Summary and conclusions
Rolls-Royce has a large complex business
process and the project has had to assess the
effects throughout the whole business, which is
equivalent to ten medium sized companies pulling
together as one. This has caused administrative
difficulties, particularly in the first phase of the
project, whilst setting the strategy and overall
direction. Rolls-Royce decided to make these
radical changes to their business, in response to
increased orders from the market place, and also
from the fact that ERP has become a standard
solution world-wide within the Aerospace and
Defence industry. The introduction of SAP R/3 at
the facility in the USA was a major factor in
influencing the UK implementation. Rolls-Royce
produce a range of quality world class turbine
engines, and have recognised that they must
change in order to compete effectively with their
competitors. Accurate information systems and
direct communication with suppliers are vital
when offering customers a committed promise to
deliver.
61. Rolls-Royce has understood the business, cul-
tural and technical difficulties of such a large
project, and has developed a solid core implemen-
tation team. The team has used the specialist skills
of consultancy specialists. The partnership with
EDS has produced a sound architectural frame-
work for the project, thus allowing Rolls-Royce to
concentrate its efforts on manufacturing turbine
engines. A project of this size would never run
smoothly and difficulties have occurred through-
out the implementation and will no doubt occur in
the future. The company have taken a different
approach to IT systems but have not let the project
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266 265
become just another IT system. The core imple-
mentation teams have taken into account the
needs of both the managerial and end-user. The
following list contains just some of the problems
62. encountered:
* Matching the process to the software config-
uration.
* Training people to accept change, and getting
them to do business in a totally new way.
* Teaching employees to use modern IT equip-
ment.
* Equipment not delivered on time, or delays in
technical equipment installation.
* Data clean up has been particularly time
consuming as many legacy systems have been
involved.
* Training the behaviour of SAP users such as
MRP Controllers and Capacity Owners.
Many activities have taken place, which have
been vital to the overall success of the project, such
as:
63. * Bridging the legacy systems and cleaning up
suspect data has given the company more trust
in its management of information.
* Training senior management, particularly the
executive group, who are responsible for the
overall direction of the company and are not
technically orientated.
* Managing effective relationships and leading
teams in both technical and non-computer
based environments.
* Manufacture simulation exercises.
* Transactional training.
* Shop floor communication with line workers
was an exercise that occurred during the
implementation of suite 3. This required line
workers to attend workshops to learn new PC
skills in order to book work.
SAP guarantee that newer versions of their
software will upgrade SAP reports, whilst specially
created reports will require re-writing of the
64. software. The future of the project will eventually
lead to the need for a Data Warehouse. A Data
Warehouse is an integrated collection of data. The
data is stored centrally and is extracted from
operational, historical and external databases. The
data is first screened then edited and finally
standardised for future retrieval. The data is
stored in a logical user-friendly format. It allows
non-technical users to create database queries
allowing the simple retrieval of management
information for business intelligence and manage-
rial decision making. The database continually
absorbs new data and integrates it with the
previous data.
The full benefits of the project will not be fully
experienced or achieved until the system becomes
executive and has a period of stability, for at least
a whole year. Once the system has become stable
and users have had time to adjust to new working
practices the benefits of lower IT cost will become
visible. An immediate benefit that will be achieved
by the system will be the ability to promise and
then deliver to the customer on time. This was
something that the older systems could never
65. achieve, as they often used due dates that were in
the past. SAP can only use current information.
The ability to deliver on time will improve
customer satisfaction and also improve customer
confidence, which should lead to an increase of
orders in the future. The system will also improve
the relationship in the supply chain, as transac-
tions will be made easier via the use of Electronic
Communications.
The sustainability of enterprise information
systems (EIS) during the post-implementation
period needs to be looked into. There is a lack of
clear understanding about the strategic needs and
requirements for sustaining the effectiveness of
large-scale information systems after a period of
relative stability following initial implementation.
Sustainability management of EIS is therefore a
very important research dimension that needs to
be explored to maximise the benefits of an
expensive information system investment such as
ERP.
Acknowledgements
The authors are very grateful to two anony-
66. mous referees for their constructive and helpful
ARTICLE IN PRESS
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266266
comments which helped to improve the presenta-
tion of the paper considerably.
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Enterprise information systems project implementation:A case
study of ERP in Rolls-RoyceIntroductionEnterprise resource
73. planningImplementation of ERPSystems, applications and
products in data processingRolls-Royce-case studyCompany
backgroundThe situations before ERPIT at Rolls-RoyceThe
implementation projectCultural problemsBusiness
problemsTechnical problemsPhase 1 (strategy and
direction)Phase 2Project changesPhase three
(implementation)Wave oneWave twoChanges to the existing
systemSuite 1Suite 2Suite 3The ERP pilotThe ’Go LiveProject
risksSummary and conclusionsAcknowledgementsReferences
HOLMES
INSTITUTE
FACULTY OF
HIGHER
EDUCATION
UNDERGRADUATE
PROGRAM
Prepared by: Afrooz Purarjomand March, 2020
74. Assessment Details and Submission Guidelines
Trimester T1 2020
Unit Code HS2041
Unit Title Enterprise Systems
Assessment Type Individual Assignment
Assessment Title Individual Assignment 1
Purpose of the
assessment (with
ULO Mapping)
Students are required to conduct critical analysis of the ERP
implementation in given case
study and present it in a professional report.
Learning outcomes are
75. 1. Explain and apply enterprise system’s tools and techniques to
solve arising business
needs.
2. Apply problem solving using different tools and techniques
of ERP and execute
simple business processes using an ES tool (i.e. SAP)
3. Analyse and develop arguments in relation to an
organisation’s ERP selection,
planning, implementation and ongoing support phases.
4. Assess risk factors associated with an ERP implementation
project, and the
alternatives for managing risks.
5. Communicate using effective oral and written communication
tools, act in a
professional manner, be an effective team member or team
leader
6. Understand the ICT profession and professional expectations
in enterprise systems
76. Weight 25% of the total assessments
Total Marks 25
Word limit 1000-1500 words
Due Date Week 7
Submission
Guidelines
along with a completed
Assignment Cover Page.
-
pt Times New Roman font and
2 cm margins on all four sides of your page with appropriate
section headings.
report, and
listed appropriately at the
end in a reference list using Harvard style.
77. HS2041 Individual Assignment Page 2 of 3
Prepared by: Afrooz Purarjomand March, 2020
Assignment Specification
Purpose:
This assignment aims at analysing a case study on ‘ERP
Implementation’ (uploaded on Blackboard as a separate file)
and
reporting their understanding/perspectives, answering the
following questions
system.
nd evaluate case study ERP implementation
approach.
78. ERP implementation and propose appropriate
strategies.
Report structure should be as the following:
Introduction: Discuss the report objective and structure
Purpose and Scope of ERP: Describe Enterprise Resource
Planning systems (ERPs) in the given context.
Evaluate implementation approach: Brief case study
implementation approach and discuss your opinion with quality
arguments.
Analyse Change management: Analyse case study change
management activities, roles of key stakeholders and
propose your strategies.
Conclusion – Draw conclusion and summarise findings
References (make sure to use Harvard referencing)
Marking criteria
79. Marking criteria Weighting
Presentation (Report structure, Grammar and spelling, Written
style and expression) 2%
Introduction 2%
Purpose and Scope of ERP 5%
Evaluate implementation approach 6%
Analyse change management 6%
Conclusion 2%
References 2%
TOTAL Weight 15%
Assessment Feedback:
80. HS2041 Individual Assignment Page 3 of 3
Prepared by: Afrooz Purarjomand March, 2020
Marking Rubrics
Marking Criteria Excellent Very Good Good Satisfactory
Unsatisfactory
Introduction Demonstrated
excellent ability to
describe the report
purpose and
structure clearly
Demonstrated
very good ability
to describe the
report purpose
and structure
Demonstrated
81. good ability to
describe the
report purpose
and structure
Demonstrated
ability to
describe the
report purpose
and structure
Did not demonstrate
ability to describe
the report purpose
and structure
Purpose and Scope
of ERP
Discussed the
scope of work and
objectives very
clearly
Discussed the
82. scope of work
and objectives
clearly.
Discussed the
scope of work
and objectives .
Discussed the
scope of work
and objectives
briefly
Did not discuss the
scope of work and
objectives briefly
Evaluate
implementation
approach
Demonstrated
excellent ability to
think critically,
83. analysed
implementation
approach critically
and described very
well
Demonstrated
very good ability
to think
critically,
analysed the
implementation
approach and
described very
well
Demonstrated
ability to think
critically,
analysed the
implementation
approach and
described well
Analysed the
84. implementation
approach and
described
briefly
Did not analyse the
implementation
approach
Analyse change
management
Assessed critically
in depth and
suggested
excellent strategies
logically and
presented in very
convincing manner
Assessed
critically and
suggested
strategies
logically and
85. presented in
convincing
manner
Assessed well
and suggested
strategies
logically and
presented in
well
Assessed and
suggested
strategies
Argument is
confused and
disjointed.
Conclusion Demonstrated
excellent ability to
summarise findings
very well.
86. Demonstrated
very good ability
to summarise
findings well.
Demonstrated
good ability to
summarise
findings
Demonstrated
ability to
summarise
findings
Did not summarise
findings
Presentation,
Language and
Grammar
Professional
presentation with
87. excellent writing
skills
Professional
presentation
with very good
writing skills
Professional
presentation
with good
writing skills
Professional
presentation
and well
written
Poor presentation
References 5 relevant
references
4 relevant
references