Universal health coverage aims to ensure all people can access needed health services without financial hardship. It requires a strong health system that meets priority needs through integrated care, including services for major diseases. It also requires affordability so costs don't create financial hardship, access to essential medicines and technologies, and sufficient health workers. Recognizing the roles of other sectors in health, like transport, is also important to achieving universal coverage.

1. PRESENTER Dr Akshay Minhas

2. The goal of universal health coverage is to ensure
that all people obtain the health services they
need without suffering financial hardship when
paying for them.

3. 1. A strong, efficient, well-run health system that
meets priority health needs through people-
centred integrated care (including services for
HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, non communicable
diseases, maternal and child health) by:
◦ informing and encouraging people to stay healthy and
prevent illness;
◦ detecting health conditions early;
◦ having the capacity to treat disease; and
◦ helping patients with rehabilitation.

4. 2 Affordability – a system for financing health
services so people do not suffer financial
hardship when using them.
3 Access to essential medicines and technologies
to diagnose and treat medical problems.
4 A sufficient capacity of well-trained, motivated
health workers to provide the services to meet
patients’ needs based on the best available
evidence.

5.  It also requires recognition of the critical role
played by all sectors in assuring human health,
including transport, education and urban planning
etc.
 Universal coverage is firmly based on the WHO
constitution of 1948 declaring health a
fundamental human right and on the Health for All
agenda set by the Alma-Ata declaration in 1978.

6.  2 million more doctors, nurses and midwives are
required
 100 million people pushed into poverty because
of direct health payments
 70countries devote less than 10% of general
government expenditure to health
 According to the International Labor Organization,
nearly 50 countries have attained universal or
near- universal coverage.Conspicuous gaps still
exist, however, particularly in Asia, Africa and the
Middle East.

8.  High Level Expert Group on Universal health was
constituted in 2010 by planning commission .
 Ten principles for UHC in India: (i) universality; (ii) equity;
(iii) non-exclusion and non-discrimination; (iv)
Comprehensive care that is rational and of good quality;
(v) financial protection; (vi) protection of patients’ rights that
guarantee appropriateness of care, patient choice, portability
and continuity of care; (vii) consolidated and strengthened
public health provisioning; (viii) accountability and
transparency; (ix) community participation; and (x) putting
health in people’s hands.

55.
All Determinants
Biological
Determinants
Biological
Determinants
Behavioural
Determinants
Behavioural
Determinants
Social
Determinants
Social
Determinants
Refer to the cells,
tissues and systems of
the body, their
structure and how
adequately they
function
Refer to the cells,
tissues and systems of
the body, their
structure and how
adequately they
function
Refer to the
choices people
make in their lives
that impact on
health
Refer to the
choices people
make in their lives
that impact on
health
Refer to the
determinants within
the social
environment that
impact on health
status
Refer to the
determinants within
the social
environment that
impact on health
status

56. Social-Physical-Economic-Services Determinants
◦ Income & income inequality
◦ Education
◦ Race/ethnicity/gender & related discrimination
◦ Built Environment
◦ Stress
◦ Social support
◦ Early child experiences
◦ Employment
◦ Housing
◦ Transportation
◦ Food Environment
◦ Social standing

57. Thank you