Investors allocate capital with the expectation of future returns through various assets like equity, debt, real estate, and derivatives. They include stock traders but also company owners who take on responsibilities. There are different types of investors like contrarians who buy when others sell, trend followers who invest conservatively, and hedgers who seek low-risk returns. Speculators form opinions based on incomplete evidence and include bulls hoping for price rises, bears wary of falls, stags who invest carefully in new companies, and lame ducks who are stressed bears struggling to meet obligations.

1. Types of Investors & Types of Speculators
An investor is a person who allocates capital with the
expectation of a future financial return. Types of investment
include : equity , debt securities , real estates, currency , and
commodity , derivatives such as put and call options, etc.
Someone who provides a business with capital and someone
who buys a stock are both investors. Investors can include stock
traders but with this distinguishing characteristic : Sometimes
investors are owners of a company which entails
responsibilities.

2. Types of Investors :
1. Contrarians - buys when the rest of the world sells.
2. Trend Followers - are more conservative and tend
to invest in products such as bank stocks.
3. Hedgers and Holders - very conservative
- the famous ‘small investors’ of India who wants
high return and low risk , preferably guaranteed by
the government.

3. Speculators :
Oxford Dictionary -“ A message expressing an opinion based on
incomplete evidence”.
1. Bull : also called Tejiwala is an operator who is hopeful
of price rise in the near future. In anticipation of price
rise, makes purchases of shares and other securities
with the intention of selling them at higher prices in
future.
2. Bear : also called Mandiwala on the other hand is a
speculator who is wary of fall in prices and hence sells
securities so that speculator may buy them at cheap
price on future.

4. 3.Stag : A stag is that types of speculator who treads
his path very carefully. Stag speculator applies for
share in new companies and expects to sell them at
a premium if he gets an allotments, selects those
companies whose shares are most in demand and
are likely to carry a premium.
4.Lame Duck : A lame duck is nothing but a
stressed bear. When a bear finds it difficult to
complete his promise and labelled as a lame duck.