This document outlines the objectives and content for a nursing course on professionalism, professional values and ethics. It discusses the definition of a profession and characteristics of professionalism. It describes nursing as a profession according to various criteria. It also covers professionalism, codes of ethics, regulatory bodies, and professional organizations related to nursing. The objectives focus on maintaining professional standards and ethical conduct in nursing practice.

1. B.Sc. Nursing
Semester IV

2. Professionalism,
professional values and
ethics including bioethics

3. Theory : 20 hours
Objectives
1. Describe profession and professionalism.
2. Identify the challenges of professionalism.
3. Maintain respectful communication and
relationship with other health team
members, patients and society.
4. Demonstrate professional conduct.
5. Describe various regulatory bodies and
professional organizations related to
nursing.
6. Discuss the importance of professional
values in patient care.

4. 7. Explain the professional values and demonstrate
appropriate professional values in nursing practice.
8. Demonstrate and reflect on the role and
responsibilities in providing compassionate care in
the healthcare setting.
9. Demonstrate respect, human dignity and privacy and
confidentiality to self, patients and their caregivers
and other health team members.
10. Advocate for patients’ wellbeing, professional
growth and advancing the profession.
11. Identify ethical and bioethical concerns, issues and
dilemmas in nursing and healthcare.
12. Apply knowledge of ethics and bioethics in ethical
decision making along with health team members.

5. Profession
A Profession is a disciplined group of individuals who
adhere to ethical standards and who hold themselves out
as, and are accepted by the public as possessing special
knowledge and skills in a widely recognized body of
learning derived from research, education and training at
a high level, and who are prepared to apply this
knowledge and exercise these skills in the interest of
others.
Australian Council of Professions, 2003

6. Characteristics of
profession
1. well body of knowledge and experience
2. Autonomy
3. accountability
4. Formal organization (One unifying organization
which is recognized by the State.)
5. Code of Ethics
6. Social Function

7. Criteria for a profession
Kelly L (1981) modified and expanded Flexner's criteria of
profession
• The services provided are vital to humanity and the welfare of
society.
• There is a special body of knowledge which is continually
enlarged through research.
• The services involve, intellectual activities, individual
responsibility (accountability) is a strong feature.
• Practitioners are educated in institutions of higher learning.

8. • Practitioners are relatively independent and control their own
policies and activities (autonomy).
• Practitioners are motivated by service (altruism) and consider
their work as an important component of their lives.
• There is a code of ethics to guide the decisions and conduct of
practitioners.
• There is an organization (association) which encourages and
supports high standards of practice.

9. Nursing as a profession
In 1959, appraised nursing according to criteria, noting the
progress made in nursing, as profession.
• A profession utilizes in its practice a well-defined and well-
organized body of specialized knowledge, which is on the
intellectual level of the higher learning.
• A profession constantly enlarges the body of knowledge, it
uses and improves its techniques of education and service
by the use of the scientific method.
• A profession entrusts the education of its practitioners to
institutions of higher education.

10. • A profession applies its body of knowledge in
practical services which are vital to human and social
welfare.
• A profession functions autonomously in the formation
of professional policy and the control of professional
activity thereby.
• A profession attracts individuals of intellectual and
personal qualities who exalt service above personal
gain and who recognize their chosen occupation as a
life work.
• A profession strives to compensate its practitioners by
providing freedom of action, opportunity for
continuous professional growth and economic
security.

11. Professionalism
Professionalism’ is defined as the personally held
beliefs of a Professional about their own conduct as
a member of a Profession. It is often linked to the
upholding of the principles, laws, ethics and
conventions of a Profession in the form of a code of
practice.
Australian Council of Professions,
2003

12. Characteristics of
professionalism
“Professionalism is not
the job you do, it's how
you do the job.”

13. • Competence
• Knowledge
• Reliable
• Integrity (faithfulness)
• Respect
• Emotional Intelligence
• Appropriateness
• Confidence

14. Concept of professionalism
The origin of professionalism may be traced from
Hippocrates. Professionalism has redefined for the
21st century; the advancement has changed to
significant revisions to the professionalism. Although
the criteria differ from between professions

15. 1. Professionalism as a Holistic construct
2. Professionalism as Good clinical care
3. Professionalism as an Expression of self
4. Professionalism as Attitudes and
behaviors
5. Professionalism as Appearance

16. Attributes of
professionalism
According to modi J N et.al (2014)
• Competence
• Team work
• Caring
• Insightful and self awareness
• Commitment
• Confidentiality
• Altruism (selfless concern)
• Integrity(faith-full)
• Morality and ethics
• Responsibility to profession

17. According to arnold and stern
(2006)
• Clinical competence
• Ethical and legal understanding
• Humanism altruism
• Communication skill
• Excellence
• accountability

18. Indicators of
professionalism
• Time management
• Positive attitude
• Separate personal issues from work matter
• Well groomed
• Accountable
• Genuineness
• Master the art of organization
• Learn how to indicate well
• Teamwork
• Seek help when needed
• integrity

19. Challenges of professionalism
• Personal identity versus professional identity

20. • Preservation of self integrity

21. • Falsification of records

22. • Deceiving patient

23. COMMUNICATION &
RELATIONSHIP WITH TEAM
MEMBERS
• Respectful and open communication
• Communicate on the basis of critical analysis
• Cooperate with co-workers and maintain
interpersonal relationship
• Prefer the view point and experiences of team
members
• Identify the problems and obstacles of team
members and clarify it

24. BASIC PRINCIPLES OFETHICAL
COMMUNICATION
1. Identify the relationship needs
2. Consider emotional intelligence
3. Identify and manage the boundaries
4. Be truthful and honest.
5. practice mindful and Active Listening
6. Speak Non-Judgmentally

25. 7. Share Your Personal Experience
8. Consider the receiver's preferred communication
channel.
9. Strive to understand
10.Be positive, Avoid Using a Negative Tone
11.Please do not interrupt others.
12.Respect privacy and confidentiality
13.Accept responsibility

26. RELATIONSHIP WITH PATIENT AND SOCIETY
Respect for people, non-maleficence,
beneficence, honesty, autonomy, and justice are
among the most fundamental values. As long as
there have been professionals and patients, these
traits have always been important.

27. Code of ethics
American nurses association developed
code of ethics for nurses. These principles
help nurses make good judgment, provide
high quality care and support patients and
their loved ones emotionally , physically
and mentally

28. Principles of ethics in
nursing
1) Accountability
Nurse must be responsible for his or
her own choice and actions in the
course of patient care.

29. 2) justice
The nurse have to treat patients
irrespective of their age ,
gender, religion, ethnicity,
socioeconomic status

30. 3) Non-maleficence
To do no harm. which means the
selection of care, treatments, and
treatment modalities that will cause the
least amount of harm is the responsibility
of nurses

31. 4) autonomy
Patients have the right to make
decisions for themselves. the nurse
ensuring that patient have all the
necessary information with him

32. 5) Beneficence
The generic definition of beneficence is an
act of charity, mercy, and kindness, doing
good or acting in the best interest of the
patient.
ensuring that the patient's best interest is
considered, regardless of the nurse's
personal opinion

33. 6) fidelity
• Nurse should be honest and loyal to
each patient
• Making sure that all statements and
interactions with a client are
truthful and accurate

34. 7) veracity
Being completely open and honest with
patients, even if the truth causes
distress

35. Adhering to policies, rules
and regulations of the
institution
• Make sure the institution operates
efficiently and effectively
• Obeying rules, create stable work
place. Maintaining uniformity , high
quality care and reduce errors

36. Professional etiquettes and
behaviors
Professional etiquettes and behaviors contributing to
a successful health outcome and shows commitment
to the society
Important measures are
• Introduce self
• Dress code
• Communicate effectively
• Collaborate with and mentor others
• Maintain positive attitude
• Uphold the standards of care
• Be accountable and honest

37. Professional grooming
First impression and the professional
look express how they carry
themselves it creates potential
impact on clients

38. • Wear clean attire
• No special fragrance, avoid
excessive perfume
• Hair should neatly combed
• Nail length should not excess
• Avoid excess makeup
• Minimal jewelry
• Tattoos may not be visible
• Clothing should be clean

39. Professional boundaries
• Boundaries make relationship make
professional and safe
• It includes restriction of personal
information sharing, prohibition on
physical contact

40. Professional relationship
with patient
• Be polite
• Respect individuality
• Support patient
• Maintain therapeutic nurse client
relationship
• Be transparent

41. Professional relationship
with caregiver
• Relationship that help significant
influence in quality patient care
• Honesty in communication
• Doubt clarification
• Specific skill training
• Maintain positive relation ships

42. Professional relationship
with team members
• Professional relationship involve people
working together to achieve a common
goal,
• Team members relationships are
characterized interpersonal relationship
which is like as friendship

43. The foundation of a
successful working
relationship is trust

44. Regulatory Bodies
Regulatory body is an external
organization that has been empowered by
legislation and that are usually a part of the
executive branch of the government, and
they has statutory authority. Regulatory
authorities are commonly set up to enforce
standards and safety.

45. Role of regulatory bodies
• To support and assist professional members
• To set and enforce standards of nursing practice
• To monitor and enforce standards of nursing practice
and nursing education
• To ensure the publics rights to quality health care
services
• To set the requirement for registration of nursing
professionals

46. Regulatory bodies in India
• Indian nursing council
• State nursing council

47. Indian Nursing Council
The Indian Nursing Council is an
autonomous body under the Government of India,
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. It was
constituted by the Central Government under
section 3(1) of the Indian Nursing Council Act,
1947, of Parliament in order to establish a uniform
standard of training for nurses, midwives, and
health visitors.

48. Aims of INC
• To establish a uniform standards of training for nurse
midwives and health visitors
• To upgrade and develop the nursing education

49. Functions of INC
• To establish and monitor uniform standards of nursing
for nurse midwives, auxiliary midwives, and health
visitors' education
• To recognise the qualification for the purpose of
registration and employment in India and abroad.
• To prescribe minimum standards of education and
training in various nursing programmes prescribe the
syllabus and regulations for nursing programmes

50. • Power to withdraw the recognition of qualification
when an institution recognised by a state council
• To recognise degrees, diplomas, and certificates
awarded by foreign universities. To give approval
for registration of Indian and foreign nurses
possessing foreign qualification

51. • To maintain the Indian Nurses Register for the registration
of nursing personnel.
• To advise the state nursing councils, examination boards,
state governments, and central rent various important items
regarding nursing education in the country.
• To promote research in nursing
• To prescribe a code of ethics and professional conduct
• To regulate the policies of training nursing programmes in
the field of nursing to improve the quality of nursing
education

52. Services provided by
INC
1. To attend to all matters relating to the recognition of nursing
qualifications awarded by different universities under the INC
3. to verify the nurse credentials of qualifications,
4. Nurses Registration and Tracking System:

53. State Nursing Council
• The state nurses and midwives council was established
in 1948 under the Nurse and Midwives Act with the
purpose of better training for nurses, midwives, and
health visitors.
• It works as an autonomous body under the government
of the respective state's department of health and family
welfare.

54. Functions of SNC
1. Regulation of the training programme for the
diploma, graduate, and postgraduate courses
2. Supervision of the practice of the profession by
its members.
3. Granting recognition to the training institutions
and periodical Inspection there on, as the
Council is governing authority of physical and
clinical facilities in almost all the nursing
courses conducted in the institution.

55. 3. Prescribing the syllabus and curriculum for
various nursing courses and conducting the
qualifying examinations therefore.
4. Registration and granting certificate to qualified
persons

56. Collaboration of INC and
SNC
• State nursing council coordinates with
Indian nursing council in the for
• State nursing council must implement the
syllabus prescribed by INC
• Registrars of the state nursing council
meeting with Indian nursing council
periodically to discuss the various problem
• State nursing council with the help of INC
monitors any unethical practices

57. Professional organization
• International Council For Nurses (ICN)
•Trained nurses association of India
•Student nurses association
•Nurses league of Christian medical
association of India
•International confederation of midwives

58. International Council For
Nurses (ICN)
The International Council of Nurses, founded in 1899,
It is a federation of non political and self governing
national nurses association
the head quarters are in Geneva, Switzerland
ICN Mission: To repent nursing worldwide, advance
the nursing profession, promote the wellbeing of nurses
ICN Vision: The advocate for health in all policies.
community recognises, supports, and invests in nurses
and nursing to lead and deliver health for all

59. Objectives of ICN
• Quality nursing care for all
• Sound health policies("decisions, plans,
and actions that are undertaken to achieve
specific health care goals within a society)
• Advancement of nursing knowledge
• Competent & satisfied work force

60. FUNCTIONS OF ICN
• To promote the development of strong
national nurses association.
• To assist national nurse association to
improve the standards of nursing and the
competencies of nurses.
• To assist national nurses association to
improve the status of nurses with in their
countries
• To serve as the authoritative voice for
nurse and nursing internationally.

61. ACTIVITIES of ICN
Makes policy statements on health and
social issues.
Offers a great variety of seminars
Maintaining and improving the status of
Nursing around the world

62. American Nurses Association
(ANA)
The American Nurses Association (ANA) is a
professional organization to advance and protect
profession of nursing. It started in 1896.

63. Functions of ANA
• Establish standards of practice nursing
education and services Establish a ethical
code of conduct .
• Support systematic study, evaluation and
research in nursing
• Conduct an action programs (equal
opportunity for recruitment, selection,
advancement and every other term)

64. Trained Nurses Association
of India (TNAI)
Founded in 1908
First known as association of nursing
superintendents.
Government recognised as a service
organisation- 1950.

65. Aims of TNAI
1. Upgrading the development and standardisation
of nursing education
2. Improvements to nurses' living and working
conditions in India
3. Registration for qualified nurses .

66. Functions of TNAI
1. to prepare standards of nursing education and
implement these through appropriate channels
2. to establish standards and qualifications for nursing
practice.
3. to prepare standards of nursing service and
implement these through appropriate channels.
4. to establish a code of ethical conduct for practitioners.

67. 6. To stimulate and promote research design to
enhance the knowledge base for evidence-
based nursing practice
7. to promote legislation and speak for nurses
with regard to legislative action.
8. to promote and protect the economic welfare
of nurses.
9. to provide professional counselling and
placement services for nurses.
10.to provide for the continuing professional
development of practitioners.

68. 10. to represent nurses and serve as their spokes, person
with allied national and international organisations,
governmental and other bodies, and the public.
11. To serve as the official representative of the Nurses
of India as a member of the International Council of
Nurses.
12. To promote the general health and welfare of the
public through the association's programmes,
relationships, and activities, e.g., disaster
management.
13. To render care as per the changing needs of society.
Activities

69. The Nurses League of
the Christian Medical
Association
The Nurses League of the Christian Medical Association
of India was founded in 1930. It became affiliated with
the TNAI in 1936 and promotes membership in this
organisation.
• .

70. Objectives:
• Promote cooperation and encouragement among
Christian Nurses.
• • Promote efficiency in nursing education and
service.
• Secure the highest standards possible in Christian
nursing education through the Christian school of
nursing
• Considering the special work and problems of
Christian nurses wherever employed

71. Activities:
• Activities include national and area conferences
and retreats for its members.
• Development leadership abilities is encouraged
by participation in these meetings.
• Each meeting also allows for sharing of
problems common to the Christian nurse.
• Provides expert professional advice.
• Provides scholarships for advanced study.
Provides financial assistance for professional
meetings and seminars

72. International Confederation
of Midwives (ICM)
The International Confederation of Midwives
supports, represents and works to strengthen professional
associations of midwives on a global basis.

73. Vision: ICM envisions a world where every
childbearing woman has access to a midwife's
care for herself and her new-born.
Mission: ICM seeks to "advance world-wide the
aims and aspirations of midwives in the
attainment of improved outcomes for women in
their childbearing years, their new-born and their
families wherever they reside"