Rivers, watersheds and types of water.

1. UNIT 3:Water
CEU Virgen Niña. Vitoria-Gasteiz
Science – 4º EP

2. 2
ITEMS
• The hydrosphere
• Salt water
• Fresh water
• Rivers of Spain

3. THE HYDROSPHERE
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 It’s the layer of the Earth made up of all its water.
 Three quarters of the Earth’s Surface is water.
TYPES OF WATER
 SALT water: most of the water of the hydrosphere. 97%. Oceans and
seas.
 FRESH water: comes from rivers, oceans, groundwater and ice (the
main amount of it).. Represents the 3% of the water on Earth.

4. HYDROSPHERE
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WATER CYCLE
1.EVAPORATION
2.CONDENSATION
3.PRECIPITATION
4.COLLECTION

5. SALT WATER
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There are 5 OCEANS:
Pacific, Atlantic, Indian,
Antarctic, Artic.
WAVES: are movements of
water caused by the wind.
TIDES: are the rising and
falling of the sea level. The sea
water comes in and goes out.
OCEAN CURRENTS: are
movements caused by
differences in temperatura of
sea water.

6. FRESH WATER
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SURFACE WATER AND
GROUNDWATER
SURFACE water: found in the surface of the Earth in rivers, lakes
and ice in glaciers.
GROUNDWATER: is water deposited under the ground. It collects
from rain that falls through the soil. It can form AQUIFERS and
underground rivers.
RIVERS
-It is a body of water in continuous movement that flows to the sea.
-MAIN PARTS: Course (upper, middle and lower), Channel (contains
the flowing water), and Flow regime (amount of water the river carries).

7. RIVERS OF SPAIN
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Watershed: area of land where all the main rivers flow into the same sea.
Three main watersheds: CANTABRIAN, ATLANTIC AND MEDITERRANEAN.
CANTABRIAN WATERSHED
•It’s in the north of Spain and rivers flow to the Cantabrian Sea.
•MAIN RIVERS: Navia, Nalón and Eo
•CHARACTERISTICS
1. The channels run through deep valleys.
2. The river courses are short and flow over step land.
3. The river basin is small and with montanious relief.
4. The flow regime is regular and abundant.

8. RIVERS OF SPAIN
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ATLANTIC WATERSHED
•It’s the largest in Spain.
•MAIN RIVERS: Miño, Duero, Guadalquivir, Guadiana, Tajo.
•CHARACTERISTICS
1. The rivers are long because they start in mountains far from the sea.
2. They have higher flow regime in spring and autumn than in summer.
3. In Canary islands there are no river, only gullies (channels that carry water
only when it rains).

9. RIVERS OF SPAIN
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MEDITERRANEAN
WATERSHED
•MAIN RIVERS: Júcar, Ebro, Segura
•CHARACTERISTICS
1. Rivers are short because
they start in mountains near
the sea.
2. They have a low flow
regime.
3. In some places climate is
really dry, and there are
only gullies.

10. RIVERS OF SPAIN
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