The document discusses different types of communication and reading techniques. It describes four types of communication: verbal communication using speaking, nonverbal communication using body language and gestures, written communication using writing and visual communication using images. It then explains how to skim read by scanning titles, subtitles and paragraphs to get the general idea. Scanning is described as reading specifically to find key words and phrases by quickly moving your eyes down the page. Finally, it outlines four types of sentences: simple sentences with one clause, compound sentences with two independent clauses, complex sentences with one independent and one dependent clause, and compound-complex sentences with at least two independent clauses and one dependent clause.

1. ESP: Unit 2
TYPES OF
COMMUNICATION
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2. Warming Up
1. How did people communicate in the past?
2. What do people use for communication these
days?
3. What is the effect of technology to the way we
communicate today?
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3. Reading: Types of Communication
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VERBAL
USING LANGUAGE TO
TRANSFERS
INFORMATION
THROUGH SPEAKING OR
SIGN LANGUAGE
NONVERBAL
USING BODY
LANGUAGE, GESTURES
AND, FACIAL
EXPRESSIONS TO
CONVEY INFORMATION
WRITTEN
THE ACT OF WRITING,
TYPING OR PRINTING
SYMBOLS LIKE LETTERS
AND NUMBERS TO
CONVEY INFORMATION
VISUAL
THE ACT OF USING
PHOTOGRAPHS, ART,
DRAWINGS, SKETCHES,
CHARTS AND GRAPHS
TO CONVEY
INFORMATION

4. Reading: Skimming
What is SKIMMING?
 Skimming is reading a text for GENERAL INFORMATION.
 For example, if you want to read an interesting article in
a newspaper and do not have enough time to read more
than one article, you will look at a large section of the
article to decide which article you want to read.
 Skimming is a reading technique that can help you:
• read more quickly
• decide if the text is interesting and whether you
should read it in more detail
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5. Reading: Skimming
How do you skim read?
• Read the title, subtitles and subheadings to find out
what the text is about.
• Look at the illustrations to give you more
information about the topic.
• Read the first and last sentence of each paragraph.
• Don’t read every word or every sentence. Let your
eyes skim over the text and look out for key words.
• Continue to think about the meaning of the text.
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6. Reading: Scanning
What is SCANNING?
 Scanning is reading a text for SPECIFIC
INFORMATION.
 Scanning is a technique you often use when
searching for key words or ideas.
 Scanning involves moving your eyes quickly down
the page looking for specific words and phrases.
 Remember that it is usually not necessary to read
and understand every word in a text to find the
answers to questions.
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7. Reading: Scanning
How to scan a text?
 identify the section(s) of the text that you probably
need to read.
 start scanning the text by allowing your eyes (or finger)
to move quickly over a page.
 as soon as your eye catches an important word (key
word) or phrase, stop reading.
 when you locate information requiring attention, you
then slow down to read the relevant section more
thoroughly.
 scanning and skimming are no substitutes for
thorough reading and should only be used to locate
material quickly.
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8. Grammar: Types of Sentences
1. Simple Sentences
2. Compound Sentences
3. Complex Sentences
4. Compound-Complex Sentences
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9. Simple Sentences
A simple sentence contains a subject and a verb,
and it may also have an object and modifiers.
However, it contains only one independent clause.
Here are a few examples:
1. She will graduate this year
2. She completed her literature review.
3. He organized his sources by theme.
4. They studied APA rules for many hours.
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