This document provides an overview of Storm, including its basic components like topologies, streams, spouts, and bolts. It explains how Storm guarantees message processing through mechanisms like acknowledgements and anchors tuples to ensure messages are reprocessed if failures occur. Key aspects covered include the lifecycle of a tuple as it flows through a topology from a spout to being fully processed, and how Storm uses tuple anchoring and acknowledgements to track processing and handle failures.
This document outlines different roles and functions in sports, as well as personal and physical qualities needed for those roles. It discusses roles like competitor, coach, judge, and organizer and their functions or responsibilities. Personal qualities that help in roles include determination, leadership, cooperation and consideration. Physical qualities like strength, agility and fitness are especially important for performers.
The document discusses the principles of training:
1) Specificity - Training must be specific to the demands of the sport to be effective. For example, a goalkeeper would focus on reaction training while a runner would work on leg strength.
2) Overload - To improve, training must place greater demands on the body than normal. Weightlifters aim to train at 60-80% of their maximum to gain strength.
3) Progression - Training needs to gradually increase over time to continue providing improvements. A runner increased his session length each week to progressively challenge himself.
4) Reversibility - Fitness is lost faster than it is gained if training stops. Athletes must continue training to maintain their
The document discusses overpopulation and its effects on quality of life. It mentions that India and Africa are facing issues of starvation due to overpopulation, while America is facing obesity issues. The document cites sources from Google and references works from authors Allin, Macmillan, and sources from the CIA website to support claims about population issues in different parts of the world.
The document defines a LineChart class that extends the Chart class. The LineChart class constructor calls the parent constructor and draws the chart. The draw method builds a line chart from the series data using an SVG library, appends it to the canvas, and adds statistics for each data point by calling the parent addStats method. The getSerieData static method calculates max and average values for a data series. The class is exported for use in other code.
This document outlines different roles and functions in sports, as well as personal and physical qualities needed for those roles. It discusses roles like competitor, coach, judge, and organizer and their functions or responsibilities. Personal qualities that help in roles include determination, leadership, cooperation and consideration. Physical qualities like strength, agility and fitness are especially important for performers.
The document discusses the principles of training:
1) Specificity - Training must be specific to the demands of the sport to be effective. For example, a goalkeeper would focus on reaction training while a runner would work on leg strength.
2) Overload - To improve, training must place greater demands on the body than normal. Weightlifters aim to train at 60-80% of their maximum to gain strength.
3) Progression - Training needs to gradually increase over time to continue providing improvements. A runner increased his session length each week to progressively challenge himself.
4) Reversibility - Fitness is lost faster than it is gained if training stops. Athletes must continue training to maintain their
The document discusses overpopulation and its effects on quality of life. It mentions that India and Africa are facing issues of starvation due to overpopulation, while America is facing obesity issues. The document cites sources from Google and references works from authors Allin, Macmillan, and sources from the CIA website to support claims about population issues in different parts of the world.
The document defines a LineChart class that extends the Chart class. The LineChart class constructor calls the parent constructor and draws the chart. The draw method builds a line chart from the series data using an SVG library, appends it to the canvas, and adds statistics for each data point by calling the parent addStats method. The getSerieData static method calculates max and average values for a data series. The class is exported for use in other code.
Alyay.com aims to solve pricing problems faced by customers, suppliers, and e-commerce firms by allowing product prices to decrease as more customers commit to purchasing. Customers benefit from lower prices in large groups. Suppliers benefit from increased sales volume. E-commerce firms benefit from more predictable sales numbers. The model works by reserving the lowest price reached at the end of a limited time sale for all customers. This encourages viral sharing of product links. Financial projections estimate annual revenue of 86 million TL and profit of 8.6 million TL if the model is successfully implemented.
Here are 10 negative sentences using simple past tense about things I didn't do last week:
1. I didn't go to the movies last week.
2. I didn't visit any museums last week.
3. I didn't go shopping last week.
4. I didn't play any sports last week.
5. I didn't go out to eat at any restaurants last week.
6. I didn't take any vacations last week.
7. I didn't learn any new skills last week.
8. I didn't read any books for fun last week.
9. I didn't binge watch any TV shows last week.
10. I didn't go to any parties
The document summarizes several traditional Khmer games: Chol/Bors Chhoung (throwing scarves), Bors Angkunh (throwing seeds), and Leak Kansaeng (hide and seek with scarves). It describes the rules and objectives of each game, which were commonly played during Khmer New Year celebrations or other festive occasions. The games aimed to bring communities together, strengthen social bonds, and build dexterity among adult players. They helped preserve Khmer cultural traditions in an enjoyable social context.
The author learned a great deal from their preliminary school magazine task to their full music magazine product. For the preliminary task, they conducted little research and planning, used a low quality phone camera for images, and had basic Photoshop skills. However, for the full product the author did extensive research, used a higher quality camera, took more photos with thought for location and costume, and dramatically improved their Photoshop skills to produce higher quality, more professional images and design.
Soul music began in the late 1950s as a combination of R&B and gospel, emphasizing vocalists and merging religious and secular themes. It has roots in racial, geographical, historical, and economic sources. Recordings by Sam Cooke, Ray Charles, and James Brown in the 1950s are commonly considered the beginnings of soul music. Soul music was born in Memphis and the southern US, where most performing artists originated.
This document discusses and compares different indoor positioning techniques, focusing on Wi-Fi positioning. It describes how Wi-Fi positioning works by measuring the received signal strength from multiple access points and triangulating the user's position. Specifically, it presents an algorithm that uses the distances calculated from the signal strengths received from three access points to determine the coordinates of the user's location. The document also mentions using Dijkstra's algorithm for shortest path routing of indoor navigation once a user's position is determined.
1. Dokumen ini membahas tentang penaksiran cadangan sumber daya mineral bijih dengan menggunakan metode model blok dan beberapa teknik seperti nearest point, area of influence, invers distance weighting, dan kriging.
2. Metode model blok digunakan untuk merepresentasikan endapan bahan galian dengan membagi wilayah menjadi blok-blok berukuran sama.
3. Beberapa metode penaksiran yang dibahas meliputi nearest point, invers distance weighting, dan kriging
This document is a brand audit questionnaire from Corposites.com, a branding and design firm. The questionnaire contains questions in three sections to help clients evaluate their current brand: (1) questions about the brand's history, goals, and values; (2) questions about the target customer, including demographics and perceptions; (3) questions about competitors. The goal is to gather key insights that will inform a rebranding or new branding strategy.
The document outlines a lesson plan to familiarize students with flight in a small aircraft. The aims are to experience flight in a small plane and see local landmarks from above. The procedure will involve walking to the plane, a pre-flight inspection, pre-flight checks, taxiing, and a short flight where students can see the local area from the sky. Students will also have an opportunity to fly the plane. Important safety procedures like lookout and aircraft control transfer will be practiced.
This document defines culture and civilization and discusses the classic Khmer civilization from the 9th to 15th centuries. It provides definitions of culture as the cumulative knowledge and traditions shared by a group that are learned and passed down over generations. Civilization is defined as the advancement of human society through the development of knowledge, rules, beliefs and justice. The classic Khmer civilization demonstrated elements of civilization through its unique culture, social structures, and integration of foreign influences while maintaining its traditions.
This document provides details about an advanced developer workshop including:
- The names and contact information for two presenters.
- A safe harbor statement regarding forward-looking statements.
- Topics that will be covered include Apex unit testing, SOQL, Visualforce controllers, jQuery integration, triggers, scheduled Apex, and batch Apex.
This document provides a revision checklist for a December physical education prelim covering several key topics:
1. It outlines the nature and purpose of different types of physical activities including their competitive nature, qualities required, and use of creativity.
2. It discusses principles of play like width, depth, and delay in attack and defense and how tactics can be applied based on strengths, weaknesses, and opponents.
3. It covers rules for different activities related to movement, scoring, equipment, and sportsmanship as well as how rules and scoring systems can be adapted.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
Alyay.com aims to solve pricing problems faced by customers, suppliers, and e-commerce firms by allowing product prices to decrease as more customers commit to purchasing. Customers benefit from lower prices in large groups. Suppliers benefit from increased sales volume. E-commerce firms benefit from more predictable sales numbers. The model works by reserving the lowest price reached at the end of a limited time sale for all customers. This encourages viral sharing of product links. Financial projections estimate annual revenue of 86 million TL and profit of 8.6 million TL if the model is successfully implemented.
Here are 10 negative sentences using simple past tense about things I didn't do last week:
1. I didn't go to the movies last week.
2. I didn't visit any museums last week.
3. I didn't go shopping last week.
4. I didn't play any sports last week.
5. I didn't go out to eat at any restaurants last week.
6. I didn't take any vacations last week.
7. I didn't learn any new skills last week.
8. I didn't read any books for fun last week.
9. I didn't binge watch any TV shows last week.
10. I didn't go to any parties
The document summarizes several traditional Khmer games: Chol/Bors Chhoung (throwing scarves), Bors Angkunh (throwing seeds), and Leak Kansaeng (hide and seek with scarves). It describes the rules and objectives of each game, which were commonly played during Khmer New Year celebrations or other festive occasions. The games aimed to bring communities together, strengthen social bonds, and build dexterity among adult players. They helped preserve Khmer cultural traditions in an enjoyable social context.
The author learned a great deal from their preliminary school magazine task to their full music magazine product. For the preliminary task, they conducted little research and planning, used a low quality phone camera for images, and had basic Photoshop skills. However, for the full product the author did extensive research, used a higher quality camera, took more photos with thought for location and costume, and dramatically improved their Photoshop skills to produce higher quality, more professional images and design.
Soul music began in the late 1950s as a combination of R&B and gospel, emphasizing vocalists and merging religious and secular themes. It has roots in racial, geographical, historical, and economic sources. Recordings by Sam Cooke, Ray Charles, and James Brown in the 1950s are commonly considered the beginnings of soul music. Soul music was born in Memphis and the southern US, where most performing artists originated.
This document discusses and compares different indoor positioning techniques, focusing on Wi-Fi positioning. It describes how Wi-Fi positioning works by measuring the received signal strength from multiple access points and triangulating the user's position. Specifically, it presents an algorithm that uses the distances calculated from the signal strengths received from three access points to determine the coordinates of the user's location. The document also mentions using Dijkstra's algorithm for shortest path routing of indoor navigation once a user's position is determined.
1. Dokumen ini membahas tentang penaksiran cadangan sumber daya mineral bijih dengan menggunakan metode model blok dan beberapa teknik seperti nearest point, area of influence, invers distance weighting, dan kriging.
2. Metode model blok digunakan untuk merepresentasikan endapan bahan galian dengan membagi wilayah menjadi blok-blok berukuran sama.
3. Beberapa metode penaksiran yang dibahas meliputi nearest point, invers distance weighting, dan kriging
This document is a brand audit questionnaire from Corposites.com, a branding and design firm. The questionnaire contains questions in three sections to help clients evaluate their current brand: (1) questions about the brand's history, goals, and values; (2) questions about the target customer, including demographics and perceptions; (3) questions about competitors. The goal is to gather key insights that will inform a rebranding or new branding strategy.
The document outlines a lesson plan to familiarize students with flight in a small aircraft. The aims are to experience flight in a small plane and see local landmarks from above. The procedure will involve walking to the plane, a pre-flight inspection, pre-flight checks, taxiing, and a short flight where students can see the local area from the sky. Students will also have an opportunity to fly the plane. Important safety procedures like lookout and aircraft control transfer will be practiced.
This document defines culture and civilization and discusses the classic Khmer civilization from the 9th to 15th centuries. It provides definitions of culture as the cumulative knowledge and traditions shared by a group that are learned and passed down over generations. Civilization is defined as the advancement of human society through the development of knowledge, rules, beliefs and justice. The classic Khmer civilization demonstrated elements of civilization through its unique culture, social structures, and integration of foreign influences while maintaining its traditions.
This document provides details about an advanced developer workshop including:
- The names and contact information for two presenters.
- A safe harbor statement regarding forward-looking statements.
- Topics that will be covered include Apex unit testing, SOQL, Visualforce controllers, jQuery integration, triggers, scheduled Apex, and batch Apex.
This document provides a revision checklist for a December physical education prelim covering several key topics:
1. It outlines the nature and purpose of different types of physical activities including their competitive nature, qualities required, and use of creativity.
2. It discusses principles of play like width, depth, and delay in attack and defense and how tactics can be applied based on strengths, weaknesses, and opponents.
3. It covers rules for different activities related to movement, scoring, equipment, and sportsmanship as well as how rules and scoring systems can be adapted.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor IvaniukFwdays
At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
23. Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
Storm considers a tuple coming off a spout
"fully processed" when the tuple tree has been exhausted
and every message in the tree has been processed
tuple tree
🐂 ⽓气冲天
24. Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
collector.emit("split", new Values("the cow jumped over the moon"), 1)
msgIdstream-id
used for identify tuple lateremit a tuple to one of output streams
Tuple Lifecycle(API Layer)
a tuple coming off of a spout
25. Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
collector.emit("split", new Values("the cow jumped over the moon"), 1)
tuple tree fully processed
Tuple Lifecycle(API Layer)
w’ll talk about later
26. Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
collector.emit("split", new Values("the cow jumped over the moon"), 1)
tuple tree failed(time-out)
×
×
Tuple Lifecycle(API Layer)
29. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
each word tuple is anchored by sentence tuple
Storm:
YOU:
spout tuple
word tuple
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
Kestrel
/Kafka
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
input tuple
output tuple
input tuple
output tuple
30. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
each word-count tuple is anchored by word tuple
Storm:
YOU:
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
word-count tuple
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
Kestrel
/Kafka
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
word tuple
input tuple output tuple
input tuple
output tuple
31. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
Storm:
YOU:
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
✅
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
Kestrel
/Kafka
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
ack word tuple: [“the”]
32. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
Storm:
YOU:
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
✅
✅
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
Kestrel
/Kafka
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
ack word tuple: [“cow”]
33. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
Storm:
YOU:
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
Kestrel
/Kafka
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
ack word tuple: [“moon”]
34. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
Storm:
YOU:
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
Kestrel
/Kafka
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
✅
ack sentence tuple: [“the cow jumped over the moon”]
the input tuple is acked after all the word tuples are emitted
input tuple
word tuples
35. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
Storm:
YOU:
Kestrel
/Kafka
tuple tree full processed
ack(msgId=1)
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
✅
36. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
Storm:
YOU:
Kestrel
/Kafka
tuple tree full processed
ack(msgId=1)
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
✅
37. 1. tell Storm whenever you're creating a new link in the tree of tuples
2. tell Storm when you have finished processing an individual tuple
1. can detect when the tree of tuples is fully processed
2. can ack or fail the spout tuple appropriately.
Sentence
Spout
Split
Sentence
Bolt
Word
Count
Bolt
[“cow”]
[“the”]
["jumped”]
["over”]
["the”]
["moon”]
["the”,1]
["jumped”,1]
["cow”,1]
["the”,2]
["over”,1]
["moon”,1]
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
anchored
["the cow jumped
over the moon"]
✅
✅
✅
✅
✅
Storm:
YOU:
Kestrel
/Kafka
Tuple Lifecycle(Program Layer)
Since the word tuple is anchored,
the spout tuple at the root of the tree
w’be replayed later on if the word tuple
failed to be processed downstream
["the cow jumped over the moon"]
tuple tree failed
fail(msgId=1)
××
this.collector.fail(tuple)
41. ONE MORE THING
+ reading an input tuple,
+ emitting tuples based on it
+ and then acking the tuple
at the end of the execute()
Every tuple you process must be acked or failed.
Storm uses memory to track each tuple, so if you don't
ack/fail every tuple, the task will eventually run OOM.
STORM DO IT FOR YOU!
YOU DON’T NEED Attention
Anchor & Ack Anymore ✅
66. Spout Bolt1 Bolt2 Bolt3
AckerBolt
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack_value
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack()/fail()?
em
it
ack
emit
em
it
ack
ack
🌲
67. Spout Bolt1 Bolt2 Bolt3
AckerBolt
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack_value
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack()/fail()?
em
it
ack
emit
em
it
ack
ack
🌲
68. Spout Bolt1 Bolt2 Bolt3
AckerBolt
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack_value
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack()/fail()?
em
it
ack
emit
em
it
ack
ack
🌲
69. Spout Bolt1 Bolt2 Bolt3
AckerBolt
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack_value
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack()/fail()?
em
it
ack
emit
em
it
ack
ack
🌲
70. Spout Bolt1 Bolt2 Bolt3
AckerBolt
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack_value
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack()/fail()?
em
it
ack
emit
em
it
ack
ack
🌲
71. Spout Bolt1 Bolt2 Bolt3
AckerBolt
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack_value
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack()/fail()?
em
it
ack
emit
em
it
ack
ack
🌲
72. Spout Bolt1 Bolt2 Bolt3
AckerBolt
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack_value
tuple1 tuple2 tuple3
ack()/fail()?
em
it
ack
emit
em
it
ack
ack
🌲
73. How Storm Implements Acker…
How does Storm implement reliability in an efficient way?
74. A Storm topology has a set of special "acker" tasks
that track the DAG of tuples for every spout tuple.
When an acker sees that a DAG is complete,
it sends a message to the spout task
that created the spout tuple to ack the message.
1. Acker can have many tasks just like Spout/Bolt
2. DAG of tuples is a Tuple Tree which
3. generate by Spout #tuple(by one of Spout task)
4. The Spout #tuple associated with a MessageId
5. When all tuples on Tuple Tree are full processed
6. Acker send a message to the Spout task on #3
7. Spout can ack the Message along with #tuple
75. 理解Storm可靠性的最好的⽅方法是来看看tuple和tuple树的⽣生命周期,当⼀一个tuple被创建,不管是spout还是bolt创建
的,它会被赋予⼀一个64位的id,⽽而acker就是利⽤用这个id去跟踪所有tuple的。每个tuple知道它的祖宗的id(从spout
发出来的那个tuple的id,⼀一棵tuple树的root tuple-id是固定的), 每当你新发射⼀一个tuple, 它的祖宗id都会传给这个
新的tuple。当⼀一个tuple被ack的时候,会发⼀一个消息给acker,告诉acker这个tuple树发⽣生了怎么样的变化。
具体来说就是它告诉acker: 我已经完成了,我有这些⼉儿⼦子tuple, 你跟踪⼀一下他们吧。
The best way to understand Storm's reliability implement is to look at the lifecycle of tuples and tuple DAGs.
When a tuple is created in a topology, whether in a spout or a bolt, it is given a random 64 bit id. These ids are
used by ackers to track the tuple DAG for every spout tuple.
Every tuple knows the ids of all the spout tuples for which it exists in their tuple trees. When you emit a new
tuple in a bolt, the spout tuple ids from the tuple's anchors are copied into the new tuple. When a tuple is
acked, it sends a message to the appropriate acker tasks with information about how the tuple tree changed.
In particular it tells the acker "I am now completed within the tree for this spout tuple, and here are the
new tuples in the tree that were anchored to me".
76. When a tuple is acked, it sends a message to the appropriate acker tasks
with information about how the tuple tree changed. In particular it tells the acker
"I am now completed within the tree for this spout tuple,
and here are the new tuples in the tree that were anchored to me"
For example, if tuples "D" and "E" were created based on tuple "C",
here's how the tuple tree changes when "C" is acked:
Since "C" is removed from the tree at the same time that "D" and "E" are added to it,
the tree can never be prematurely completed.
1. Bolt emit 时不会向Acker发送消息,Bolt ack 时才会向Acker发送消息
2. ack时知道要ack的input tuple的id和emit时产⽣生的所有output tuple的ids
3. 所以ack时可以把input tuple id和emit的所有output tuple ids先计算好后
才向Acker发送消息
4. Acker收到Bolt的ack消息,将当前的ack val和收到的ack消息进⾏行计算,
得到的结果表⽰示tuple树的变化情况
5. Bolt⼀一旦对input tuple进⾏行ack后,从当前input tuple⼀一直回溯到
root tuple都不再需要保存相关信息
只需要在Acker中保存最新emit出来的output tuples
为什么不需要记录祖先tuple-id(不仅仅是spout tuple id,也包括上游输⼊入tuple)