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- 1. International symposium on regionalcommuter railways Peter Field Transport for London United Kingdom 1
- 2. Presentation • Characteristics of the Greater London metropolitan region • Public Transport in London • The organisation of Public Transport in London • The Integration of public transportation and services • Fare structures, ridership characteristics, travel modal shares • Financing of the development and operations of London’s suburban railway system • Service characteristics of London’s suburban railway • London’s strategy to enhance the capacity of its suburban rail system and integrate it with the public transport system 2
- 3. London is aworld city and gateway to the UK • 7.6m residents • 4.7m people in employment Central Government • 30 million visitors a year • 27 million journeys per day including walking and cycling • Transport and land-use planning Greater London Authority responsibilities divided between the three tiers of government • But clear direction – Mayor decides transport policy, TfL and Boroughs deliver • Elected London Mayor with large budget London Boroughs (£80bn 2010-2017) argues region‟s impact on national economy 3
- 4. Organisational and fundingstructures reflect a distinction between local transport and national networks MAYOR OF LONDON Grant Franchised Capital Operations Works Business Plan and Multimodal Contract Business Strategy Revenue + subsidy plan + £ Directly Operate or Contract National Rail Buses Train operators Infrastructure Owner London Underground Trams and DLR Overground Rail Taxis River Transport Main Road Maintenance 4
- 5. London’s Daily PassengerJourneys Mode Daily Journeys Journey length Car 11 million 11.6 km Bus 5 million 3.6 km Underground 3 million 7.8 km Rail 2 million 25.0 km DLR 0.2 million 5.1 km Walk 6 million 0.8 km Cycle 0.5 million 3.2 km • 50% of rail passengers arriving in central London continue their journey using another TfL mode 5
- 6. Public transport hasa 40% mode share overall, up ten points since 1993 at the expense of the car Overall rail share is 8%, Underground is 10% 12m trips in outer London, just 25% on public transport 1m trips to central London each morning, rail and Underground share is 80% 6
- 7. 37% of London’s27million trips every day are made by car, mostly in outer London • Main roads managed by TfL • Real time traffic management, signal control, street works, and enforcement • Parking cost high and few spaces • Road pricing through congestion charge • Major problem of traffic congestion despite no growth in overall traffic volume over last ten years 7
- 8. London Buses • 2.2 billion passengers per year • 8000 buses • 95% of population within 400m of a stop • High frequency interval service • 80% passenger growth since 1993 • Managed by TfL • Operated by contractors 8
- 9. Integrated Fares &Ticketing Pay before you board Penalty fare £50 Zonal fares structure for all of London. Flat fare on bus Smartcard ‘Oyster’ valid on all Public Transport Few paper tickets – always higher cost Oyster fare is always ‘best value’ Oyster holds both stored value and period travel Capped daily travel cost Oyster moving to ‘back of house’ behind mobile phone and contactless bank card 9
- 10. London’s Rail Network 300rail stations 270 metro stations 5 million passengers a day Mostly electric multiple unit trains and 4 aspect fixed block signalling to timetable Underground trains operate to frequency service interval 10
- 11. London’s rail networkis effective in bringing widely dispersed population to central London employment Source: 2001 Census (and projections), GLA ‘Our London Our future’ Projected Employment Projected Population Growth (2001 – 2026) (2001 – 2026) • Employment growth is concentrated in • Population growth is expected to be more central London and inner Thames evenly distributed – suggesting a continuing Gateway need for radial commuter links • Businesses operating in this area are critical to London‟s World City status 11
- 12. London’s multi modaltransport model Do Nothing Rail Strategy 2025/26 2025/26 12
- 13. London’s Rail Strategyfor 2025 moves towards a fully integrated rail system. It combines renewal of the existing network & strategic new infrastructure Thameslink Radial – fast North London links into Line London Inner East suburban London routes Line Crossrail Circle Line West Londo n Line GLA Boundary Inner Interchanges London Orbitals 13
- 14. London’s strategy toincrease rail capacity Implementation Capacity Requirements Uplift More trains per hour • Simplify timetables • Remove pinch-points Up to 100% • More track capacity • Additional rolling stock More carriages per train • Lengthen platforms • Eliminate track Up to ~25% congestion at termini throats • Additional rolling stock More passengers per car • Reconfigure seating on Up to ~30% inner suburban services 14
- 15. As a result,rail enhancements will add about a quarter to London’s rail capacity by 2017 Thameslink London Midland • 12-car max capability West Anglia • Trains lengthened to 12- • 24 trains per hour through core • 12-car capability car • Meet demand from expanded Stansted airport Chiltern • Train lengthening up to 7- 5 Great Eastern car 41 23 • Additional outer • Frequency improvements services 40 • New Crossrail services Great Western 8 • Train lengthening London Overground C2C • Additional paths • Increased frequency 14 • 12-car capability • New Crossrail services • New routes on all routes 129 • Longer trains 21 • Longer trains 8 170 High Speed 1 South-western • Start domestic services • 10-car inner suburban railway 10 South-eastern • 12-car inner suburban railway Southern • 10-car inner suburban railway Key: % increase in capacity 20 15
- 16. Crossrail will increasethe total ( all modes ) public transport network capacity by a further 10% •New high capacity railway, enabling economic growth •TfL has a critical role to play as future operator of services (via a Concession) •24 trains per hour (peak) each direction through central London •Generates 30,000 extra jobs in central London, with GDP benefits of £36bn •Relieves congestion on rail and Tube lines •Brings 1.5m more passengers within 60 min commute of centre
- 17. The challenge toaccommodate economic growth is striking with rail demand increasing up to 50% by 2025 Plans & ‘Efficiency’ New Forecasts New railways proposals measures railways • Crossrail 2 60% £ Technology, design, pricing 50% † • ERTMS • Greater peak pricing differentials 40% • Metro-style end-to- end routes 30% • High density trains, more standing space • Double-deck trains 20% Future “HLOS2” 10% • More 12 car trains where there is already capability Committed £ Tech & • Extending 12-car All modes: Rail Possible capability boardings boardings capacity ie future pricing New • Some track work, e.g. increase 200625 „HLOS‟, tunnels “HLOS2” † Vehicle West Anglia 4- 200625 Crossrail, capacity design tracking Overground Source: Demand projections from Group Planning, capacity estimates from DfT rolling stock plan 17
- 18. Conclusions • London‟s development in the last 200 years hugely influenced by railways • It remains the key mode for access to the central area where London‟s world city functions are sited • TfL and central Government are spending large sums for enable railways to meet better London‟s transport challenges • Integration remains a key challenge to meeting our objectives Interchange Station Rail, Metro, Bus and Tram 18
- 19. Questions? 19
- 20. Symposium on InternationalExperiences in the Development of Regional Commuter Rail Systems Session 2B Mr. Field, Peter 20