The document outlines Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations regarding concrete and masonry construction. It addresses requirements for construction loads on concrete structures, guarding protruding reinforcing steel, prohibiting riding in concrete buckets, equipment and tool requirements including for bulk cement storage, bull floats, masonry saws, and lockout/tagout procedures, requirements for cast-in-place construction including shoring and reshoring, and requirements for masonry construction including establishing limited access zones and bracing walls over eight feet tall.
The document provides an overview of masonry structures through history and discusses key concepts in masonry compressive strength. Some key points:
- Masonry has been used as a structural material for thousands of years, with some of the earliest structures made of mud bricks in Jericho over 9,000 years ago. The Egyptians built large stone structures like pyramids without modern machinery.
- Masonry units and mortar each have compressive strengths that influence the overall strength of masonry. Mortar can crush under compression or fail in a nonlinear manner, while units may split if stressed beyond their tensile strength.
- The Hilsdorf equation relates the compressive strength of a m
3 vertical alignment of road by Malyar TalashMalyar Talash
This document discusses vertical road alignment and provides guidance on vertical curve design. It covers several key topics:
- The influence of topography on vertical alignment and how terrain is classified.
- The two main aspects of vertical alignment: vertical curvature and gradient.
- The two types of vertical curves: crest and sag curves.
- Design considerations for vertical grades and maximum grades based on vehicle type and speed.
- Equations for determining minimum vertical curve lengths to provide adequate sight distance and passenger comfort.
This document discusses superelevation in InRoads V8i. It provides an overview of superelevation and how it is used to control roadway cross slopes on curves. It explains how to set up a template with the proper constraints for superelevation. It then demonstrates how to apply superelevation using the Table Method, including editing points along the superelevation control lines to achieve the desired results.
The document discusses various types of concrete equipment used in construction, including concrete batching plants, concrete buckets, concrete conveyors, concrete crushers, concrete cutting machines, concrete grinders, concrete mixers, concrete pavers, concrete pumps, concrete tanks, and concrete vibrators. It explains that these machines help save costs and time on construction projects by mixing, transporting, cutting, grinding, and placing concrete efficiently. China is noted as a major manufacturer of concrete equipment that is exported worldwide.
The document discusses the design of super elevation for haul roads in opencast mines. It explains that super elevation is used to counter the centrifugal force experienced by vehicles turning at curves, preventing them from toppling over. The appropriate super elevation depends on the radius of curvature and vehicle speed, with smaller radii and higher speeds requiring greater super elevation. An equation is provided to calculate the exact super elevation based on these factors. Tables show example super elevations for different radii and speeds. Designers can use this information to determine the minimum radii that require super elevation at specific speeds. The document aims to help ensure haul road safety by providing guidance on super elevation design.
Construction equipment is one of the biggest investments carried by construction industry. Knowledge about owning cost and operating cost is must before construction plant & equipment mobilization. Also, monitoring of actual operating and owning cost of equipment on regular basis is required. Owning cost and operating cost of equipment has significant impact on profitability of work executed.
The ownership costs of construction equipment can be categorized into 'fixed cost' and 'variable cost'.
A to Z elements for calculation of ownership costs of construction plant & equipment are:
A. Purchase price
B. Wear parts cost
C. Economic Life
D. Ownership period
E. Residual value
F. Depreciation Time
G. Annual depreciation cost
H. Interest rate
I. Interest Cost
J. Machine tax
K. Machine tax cost
L. Insurance costs
M. Storage and Protection Cost
N. Fuel cost
O. Fuel consumption per hour
P. Cost of Major Overhaul
Q. Life time of Major Overhaul
R. Planned maintenance cost
S. Life time of planned maintenance
T. Cost of Wear Parts
U. Life time of Wear Parts
V. Lubricants
W. Lubricant Interval
X. Lubricant Cost
Y. Operator Cost
Z. Operating Hours
The document discusses superelevation and spiral curves for highway design. It references sources from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Green Book and the California Department of Transportation design manual. The sources provide information on maximum relative gradient, spiral curve design components like tangent runout and transition of superelevation, and methods for determining length of runoff based on design speed and lane width.
The document outlines Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations regarding concrete and masonry construction. It addresses requirements for construction loads on concrete structures, guarding protruding reinforcing steel, prohibiting riding in concrete buckets, equipment and tool requirements including for bulk cement storage, bull floats, masonry saws, and lockout/tagout procedures, requirements for cast-in-place construction including shoring and reshoring, and requirements for masonry construction including establishing limited access zones and bracing walls over eight feet tall.
The document provides an overview of masonry structures through history and discusses key concepts in masonry compressive strength. Some key points:
- Masonry has been used as a structural material for thousands of years, with some of the earliest structures made of mud bricks in Jericho over 9,000 years ago. The Egyptians built large stone structures like pyramids without modern machinery.
- Masonry units and mortar each have compressive strengths that influence the overall strength of masonry. Mortar can crush under compression or fail in a nonlinear manner, while units may split if stressed beyond their tensile strength.
- The Hilsdorf equation relates the compressive strength of a m
3 vertical alignment of road by Malyar TalashMalyar Talash
This document discusses vertical road alignment and provides guidance on vertical curve design. It covers several key topics:
- The influence of topography on vertical alignment and how terrain is classified.
- The two main aspects of vertical alignment: vertical curvature and gradient.
- The two types of vertical curves: crest and sag curves.
- Design considerations for vertical grades and maximum grades based on vehicle type and speed.
- Equations for determining minimum vertical curve lengths to provide adequate sight distance and passenger comfort.
This document discusses superelevation in InRoads V8i. It provides an overview of superelevation and how it is used to control roadway cross slopes on curves. It explains how to set up a template with the proper constraints for superelevation. It then demonstrates how to apply superelevation using the Table Method, including editing points along the superelevation control lines to achieve the desired results.
The document discusses various types of concrete equipment used in construction, including concrete batching plants, concrete buckets, concrete conveyors, concrete crushers, concrete cutting machines, concrete grinders, concrete mixers, concrete pavers, concrete pumps, concrete tanks, and concrete vibrators. It explains that these machines help save costs and time on construction projects by mixing, transporting, cutting, grinding, and placing concrete efficiently. China is noted as a major manufacturer of concrete equipment that is exported worldwide.
The document discusses the design of super elevation for haul roads in opencast mines. It explains that super elevation is used to counter the centrifugal force experienced by vehicles turning at curves, preventing them from toppling over. The appropriate super elevation depends on the radius of curvature and vehicle speed, with smaller radii and higher speeds requiring greater super elevation. An equation is provided to calculate the exact super elevation based on these factors. Tables show example super elevations for different radii and speeds. Designers can use this information to determine the minimum radii that require super elevation at specific speeds. The document aims to help ensure haul road safety by providing guidance on super elevation design.
Construction equipment is one of the biggest investments carried by construction industry. Knowledge about owning cost and operating cost is must before construction plant & equipment mobilization. Also, monitoring of actual operating and owning cost of equipment on regular basis is required. Owning cost and operating cost of equipment has significant impact on profitability of work executed.
The ownership costs of construction equipment can be categorized into 'fixed cost' and 'variable cost'.
A to Z elements for calculation of ownership costs of construction plant & equipment are:
A. Purchase price
B. Wear parts cost
C. Economic Life
D. Ownership period
E. Residual value
F. Depreciation Time
G. Annual depreciation cost
H. Interest rate
I. Interest Cost
J. Machine tax
K. Machine tax cost
L. Insurance costs
M. Storage and Protection Cost
N. Fuel cost
O. Fuel consumption per hour
P. Cost of Major Overhaul
Q. Life time of Major Overhaul
R. Planned maintenance cost
S. Life time of planned maintenance
T. Cost of Wear Parts
U. Life time of Wear Parts
V. Lubricants
W. Lubricant Interval
X. Lubricant Cost
Y. Operator Cost
Z. Operating Hours
The document discusses superelevation and spiral curves for highway design. It references sources from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Green Book and the California Department of Transportation design manual. The sources provide information on maximum relative gradient, spiral curve design components like tangent runout and transition of superelevation, and methods for determining length of runoff based on design speed and lane width.
Using composite crews to estimate a construction project is the best and most accurate way to develop a cost estimate. On one condition: we know what we are doing. Browse through this slideshow and see what are the most important points to consider when using composite crews for cost estimating.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment, including their classification and uses. It discusses earth moving equipment such as power shovels, backhoes, draglines, and clam shells. It also covers compacting equipment like smooth wheel rollers, sheep-foot rollers, and pneumatic tired rollers. Additional equipment covered include pile driving rigs and their uses in transferring surface loads into the ground. The document aims to classify and explain the purpose and functioning of many important pieces of machinery used in construction projects.
This lesson discusses identifying materials and tools for masonry work. It defines masonry as the construction of parts bound by mortar. Common masonry materials include brick, stone, concrete block, and glass block. Masonry tools are classified into roughing up tools like hammers and chisels, and finishing tools like floats and trowels. The lesson also explains different stone types, brick laying patterns, and types of blocks used in masonry. Learners should be able to identify appropriate materials and tools for specific masonry jobs based on the information provided.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment, including their classification and uses. It discusses earth moving equipment such as power shovels, backhoes, draglines, and clam shells. Factors affecting the selection of different earth moving equipment are outlined. Other equipment covered include motor graders, scrapers, bull dozers, tractors, rollers, pile driving equipment, and their applications in construction projects. Diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the components and operation of the major earth moving machinery.
This document summarizes a project report on the construction of roads at the National Institute of Technology in Warangal, India. It was completed by five students under the guidance of a faculty member. The report discusses the importance of roads for economic development and transportation. It provides an overview of the types of roads in India and the current status of the national highway system. It also describes the phases of road construction, materials used, equipment involved, and project management tools applied to the road projects at NIT Warangal.
This document summarizes the construction of a 6.5 km private road located in Ranipur, Haridwar, India. It describes the various layers that make up the roadway, including earthwork, granular sub-base, wet mix macadam, bituminous macadam, bituminous concrete, and finishing touches like kerbs and shoulders. The layers are constructed in sequential order, with careful compaction and mixing of aggregates and binders at each stage to support vehicular traffic on the carriageway. Proper camber is built into the road surface to allow for water drainage off the sides of the paved area.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in large construction projects. It discusses earthmoving equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshells and scrapers that are used for excavation and hauling. It also describes hauling equipment like dump trucks and dumpers. Further, it covers hoisting equipment such as cranes and conveying equipment used to transport materials. The document provides details on the working, applications and comparisons of different equipment types used widely in construction activities.
This document discusses the selection of construction equipment. It begins by outlining the importance of efficiently using labor, materials, and equipment for good project management. The selection of equipment type and size can impact productivity. The document then covers types of earthmoving, concreting, and hoisting equipment and factors to consider for selection like site conditions, output requirements, and economic considerations. Selection depends on balancing multiple technical and cost factors for optimal results.
Using composite crews to estimate a construction project is the best and most accurate way to develop a cost estimate. On one condition: we know what we are doing. Browse through this slideshow and see what are the most important points to consider when using composite crews for cost estimating.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment, including their classification and uses. It discusses earth moving equipment such as power shovels, backhoes, draglines, and clam shells. It also covers compacting equipment like smooth wheel rollers, sheep-foot rollers, and pneumatic tired rollers. Additional equipment covered include pile driving rigs and their uses in transferring surface loads into the ground. The document aims to classify and explain the purpose and functioning of many important pieces of machinery used in construction projects.
This lesson discusses identifying materials and tools for masonry work. It defines masonry as the construction of parts bound by mortar. Common masonry materials include brick, stone, concrete block, and glass block. Masonry tools are classified into roughing up tools like hammers and chisels, and finishing tools like floats and trowels. The lesson also explains different stone types, brick laying patterns, and types of blocks used in masonry. Learners should be able to identify appropriate materials and tools for specific masonry jobs based on the information provided.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment, including their classification and uses. It discusses earth moving equipment such as power shovels, backhoes, draglines, and clam shells. Factors affecting the selection of different earth moving equipment are outlined. Other equipment covered include motor graders, scrapers, bull dozers, tractors, rollers, pile driving equipment, and their applications in construction projects. Diagrams and pictures are included to illustrate the components and operation of the major earth moving machinery.
This document summarizes a project report on the construction of roads at the National Institute of Technology in Warangal, India. It was completed by five students under the guidance of a faculty member. The report discusses the importance of roads for economic development and transportation. It provides an overview of the types of roads in India and the current status of the national highway system. It also describes the phases of road construction, materials used, equipment involved, and project management tools applied to the road projects at NIT Warangal.
This document summarizes the construction of a 6.5 km private road located in Ranipur, Haridwar, India. It describes the various layers that make up the roadway, including earthwork, granular sub-base, wet mix macadam, bituminous macadam, bituminous concrete, and finishing touches like kerbs and shoulders. The layers are constructed in sequential order, with careful compaction and mixing of aggregates and binders at each stage to support vehicular traffic on the carriageway. Proper camber is built into the road surface to allow for water drainage off the sides of the paved area.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in large construction projects. It discusses earthmoving equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshells and scrapers that are used for excavation and hauling. It also describes hauling equipment like dump trucks and dumpers. Further, it covers hoisting equipment such as cranes and conveying equipment used to transport materials. The document provides details on the working, applications and comparisons of different equipment types used widely in construction activities.
This document discusses the selection of construction equipment. It begins by outlining the importance of efficiently using labor, materials, and equipment for good project management. The selection of equipment type and size can impact productivity. The document then covers types of earthmoving, concreting, and hoisting equipment and factors to consider for selection like site conditions, output requirements, and economic considerations. Selection depends on balancing multiple technical and cost factors for optimal results.
1. Types Of Construction Equipment and Their Uses
Cost can be a major concern in building a fresh home. Whether you are planning to do the
construction yourself in order to hire a contractor, cost always needs cautious regard. Whether
you're planning to accomplish the construction yourself or to engage a contractor, cost always
needs cautious regard. There are some common pre- construction services that may be involved with
this construction. No construction is possible without the use of numerous types of Construction
Equipment, which range from heavy equipment to the light ones.
Construction Management. Drawings are normally overstated thus, they might need some
trimmings. is in a position to provide all of these services. The camber provided is steep ranging
from1 in 20 to 1 in23 which allows water to drain off quickly. Crane: Crane can be a tower with
pulleys and cables for lifting and lowering the materials.
For Shanghai World Financial Center construction or other
building areas where winds really are a problem, the
seismic effects typically include:. They should not connect
with standard labor cost of the masons, steel men,
plumbers and workers in other specializations. They
shouldn't connect with standard labor cost of the masons,
steel men, plumbers and workers in other specializations. This range from washing mirrors, toilets,
floors and walls.
Building a house involves a big amount. They must not apply to standard labor cost of the masons,
steel men, plumbers and workers in other specializations. The design allows to get a 200 year period
for typhoon return plus a 2000 year return on earthquake. The design allows for any 200 year period
for typhoon return and a 2000 year return on earthquake. Commercial Construction & Post-
Construction.
Roller Compactor: Roller Compactor can be used for labeling and compacting gravel, dust, asphalt
and other construction materials. In this method, an architect and general contractor blend as a
group or team and offer a construction or project design and construction contractor services in
single proposal. In estimating, the planner (usually a civil engineer or perhaps a structural engineer)
studies the drawing. In estimating, the planner (usually a civil engineer or a structural engineer)
studies the drawing. This can only be trimmed down if DIY a home technique will probably be
adopted, where construction can be done with minimal quantity of laborers.
2. Creativity will be the key. In addition to
removing debris and hauling away unwanted
items. It is better to spend much for these
materials rather than compromise the safety of
the structure. Since the cracks due to high
tensile stresses start at the very best and tend to
open, the reinforcement is preferably placed
50mm below the surface.