There are several main types of biofertilizers that help enhance soil fertility and plant growth, including rhizobium, azotobacter, azospirillum, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, mycorrhizae, and azolla. Rhizobium bacteria colonize legume root nodules and fix nitrogen, while azotobacter and azospirillum are nitrogen-fixing bacteria beneficial for non-legumes. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria make phosphorus more available for uptake, and mycorrhizal fungi help with nutrient and water absorption. Azolla is a water fern that fixes nitrogen in water used for rice cultivation.

1. Types of biofertilizers
Bio fertiliser are living organisms that help enhance soil fertility and plant growth. There are
several types of biofertilizers, including:
Rhizobium: This type of biofertilizer is used to fix nitrogen in leguminous plants such as beans,
peas, lentils, and soybeans. Rhizobium bacteria colonize the root nodules of these plants and
convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that the plant can use.
Azotobacter: Azotobacter is a free-living bacteria that can fix nitrogen in the soil. It is commonly
used for non-leguminous plants such as wheat, rice, corn, and sugarcane.
Azospirillum: Azospirillum is another nitrogen-fixing bacteria that is used for non-leguminous
plants. It also helps to produce plant growth hormones, which can promote root growth and
increase plant yield.
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB): PSB bacteria help to break down insoluble phosphate
compounds in the soil, making them available for plant uptake. This can improve plant growth
and yield.
Mycorrhizae: Mycorrhizal fungi form a symbiotic relationship with plant roots, helping them to
absorb nutrients from the soil and water. They can also help to protect plants from pathogens
and environmental stress.
Azolla: Azolla is a type of water fern that can fix nitrogen in water. It is commonly used as a
biofertilizer for rice cultivation in Asia.
These are just a few examples of the types of biofertilizers available. Each type has its specific
function and benefits, and they can be used in combination to promote optimal plant growth and
soil health.