Trust in the media

© 2016 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information and may
not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.
1
How do people across the world trust the news and information they receive from different sources?
How has trust changed over the last few years?
What role does fake news play?
How are public broadcasters perceived?
IPSOS GLOBAL ADVISOR
Trust in the Media
© 2019 Ipsos. All rights reserved. Contains Ipsos' Confidential and Proprietary information
and may not be disclosed or reproduced without the prior written consent of Ipsos.

Key Findings
• People across 27 countries are divided on whether they trust traditional media (magazines and
newspapers,TV and radio).These sources are equally trusted as they are distrusted.
• However, levels of trust in media sources vary greatly at the country level.
• Trust in traditional media is perceived to have decreased over the past five years.This survey shows
two main contributing factors: the prevalence of fake news and doubts about media sources’ good
intentions.
• Online media websites are slightly less trusted than traditional media, but trust in them is not
reported to have dropped as extensively over the past five years.
• Proximity to people matters. People are most trusting of other people they know them personally.
Furthermore, personal relationships are the only source of news and information that is perceived to
have gained in trustworthiness over the past five years.
• Opinions vary widely across countries as to whether public broadcasters can be trusted more than
private ones, depending on how broadcasting services are organized and controlled.
2

3
To what extent do people trust different sources of news and information?
Trust in News Sources

1%
2%
4%
4%
5%
5%
5%
5%
6%
6%
7%
7%
7%
7%
8%
8%
8%
10%
10%
11%
11%
12%
14%
16%
19%
20%
32%
9%
18%
9%
25%
35%
28%
25%
31%
41%
37%
41%
31%
33%
44%
35%
46%
34%
40%
52%
41%
41%
51%
53%
53%
49%
45%
34%
45%
38%
48%
53%
53%
44%
44%
47%
29%
32%
38%
30%
39%
45%
33%
40%
31%
49%
38%
27%
34%
30%
33%
20%
20%
23%
26%
23%
16%
35%
28%
35%
12%
13%
18%
17%
20%
13%
17%
7%
20%
12%
10%
12%
10%
8%
10%
6%
12%
13%
4%
9%
7%
8%
7%
13%
6%
13%
4%
1%
7%
4%
5%
6%
14%
9%
3%
16%
4%
2%
6%
6%
5%
1%
4%
5%
3%
6%
1%
6%
6%
4%
3%
11%
2%
5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
Serbia
Poland
Spain
Argentina
Chile
France
Great Britain
Turkey
Japan
Russia
Peru
Belgium
South Korea
Australia
Mexico
Italy
Canada
Sweden
United States
Malaysia
Germany
China
Brazil
South Africa
Saudi Arabia
India
Global Average
A great deal of trust A fair amount of trust Not very much trust No trust at all Don’t know
-1%
55%
19%
30%
35%
39%
36%
25%
9%
5%
29%
0%
-16%
12%
-10%
7%
-18%
-21%
11%
-12%
1%
-12%
-33%
-29%
-18%
-37%
-77%
-58%
Q.To what extent, if at all, do
you trust each of the following to
be a reliable source of news and
information?
TRUST IN
NEWS SOURCES
• Trust in newspapers and
magazines varies greatly
across individual countries.
• Levels of trust are highest
in India and lowest in
Hungary and Serbia.
NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES
NET SCORE*
*A net score refers to % trust a great deal or a fair amount MINUS % do not trust very much or at all (here and on all other slides)
Base: 19,541 online adults aged 16-74 (18-74 in select countries) across 27 countries, from January 25 – February 8, 2019

3%
3%
5%
6%
6%
7%
7%
7%
8%
8%
8%
9%
9%
9%
10%
10%
11%
11%
12%
13%
13%
17%
17%
20%
25%
27%
27%
11%
14%
24%
25%
39%
35%
30%
30%
46%
38%
29%
28%
41%
36%
29%
56%
36%
46%
40%
50%
55%
44%
48%
49%
48%
43%
44%
31%
38%
56%
52%
37%
33%
43%
30%
40%
29%
29%
40%
50%
36%
40%
32%
24%
41%
30%
30%
22%
26%
26%
22%
20%
21%
24%
22%
20%
33%
25%
15%
30%
7%
11%
21%
19%
12%
22%
21%
12%
11%
9%
27%
6%
10%
8%
14%
8%
5%
14%
10%
8%
4%
6%
7%
12%
13%
2%
6%
3%
15%
4%
12%
4%
5%
4%
2%
1%
4%
6%
2%
3%
2%
5%
5%
8%
1%
3%
4%
6%
6%
2%
1%
9%
5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Serbia
Poland
Hungary
Japan
Spain
France
Argentina
Belgium
Turkey
Chile
Mexico
Italy
South Korea
Russia
Canada
Peru
Australia
United States
Great Britain
Malaysia
Sweden
Brazil
Germany
China
South Africa
India
Saudi Arabia
Global Average
4%
26%
41%
38%
42%
38%
33%
17%
38%
32%
7%
19%
-5%
36%
-21%
-4%
4%
-26%
-25%
-6%
13%
-21%
-15%
-13%
5%
-37%
-39%
-64%
information?
TRUST IN
NEWS SOURCES
• At the global level,
consumers trust television
and radio (net score +4%)
slightly more than they
trust newspapers and
magazines (net score -1%).
• In most countries, people
are more inclined to say
they have “a fair amount”
of trust inTV and radio than
“a great deal” of it.
TELEVISION AND RADIO
NET SCORE

2%
2%
3%
3%
3%
4%
4%
4%
4%
4%
5%
5%
5%
6%
9%
9%
9%
9%
9%
9%
10%
10%
11%
16%
16%
17%
20%
8%
24%
27%
23%
28%
29%
33%
26%
45%
40%
29%
30%
40%
48%
32%
45%
45%
31%
45%
32%
34%
48%
50%
33%
47%
44%
37%
46%
37%
48%
59%
46%
52%
48%
41%
33%
34%
38%
50%
44%
39%
32%
44%
32%
39%
44%
32%
38%
45%
29%
26%
47%
28%
28%
21%
26%
39%
22%
10%
7%
10%
14%
16%
24%
8%
11%
11%
19%
10%
9%
14%
11%
6%
13%
8%
16%
9%
9%
7%
7%
8%
6%
12%
6%
11%
4%
2%
21%
7%
6%
7%
13%
9%
6%
5%
2%
5%
5%
5%
4%
1%
4%
6%
6%
3%
5%
7%
2%
2%
6%
13%
2%
6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
Serbia
Japan
Poland
Spain
Belgium
France
Great Britain
Canada
South Korea
Chile
Italy
Turkey
Argentina
Russia
Malaysia
Sweden
Australia
United States
Peru
Brazil
Germany
Mexico
South Africa
China
Saudi Arabia
India
Global Average
-5%
34%
22%
26%
26%
-10%
26%
20%
-10%
-13%
14%
-17%
8%
11%
-19%
12%
-4%
-29%
-27%
-5%
6%
-26%
-19%
-29%
-32%
-27%
-41%
-44%
information?
TRUST IN
NEWS SOURCES
• Globally, more people have
little or no trust in online
news websites and
platforms (50%) than have
a great deal or a fair
amount of trust (45%).
• India, China, South Africa,
and Germany show the
highest levels of trust in
online news websites.
ONLINE NEWSWEBSITES AND PLATFORMS
NET SCORE

2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
4%
4%
4%
5%
5%
5%
6%
6%
6%
6%
7%
7%
8%
8%
16%
19%
5%
14%
15%
9%
16%
14%
19%
15%
15%
18%
20%
13%
17%
22%
31%
14%
27%
41%
34%
8%
31%
26%
23%
31%
22%
27%
37%
29%
22%
48%
52%
44%
54%
55%
48%
30%
51%
41%
46%
53%
52%
42%
48%
53%
37%
31%
35%
46%
37%
43%
48%
38%
37%
42%
34%
30%
43%
29%
26%
18%
19%
21%
24%
35%
24%
28%
23%
28%
24%
21%
16%
19%
16%
19%
14%
37%
15%
18%
16%
19%
24%
18%
11%
14%
21%
7%
5%
27%
9%
7%
6%
17%
8%
10%
7%
3%
4%
12%
2%
10%
15%
4%
11%
3%
10%
6%
7%
4%
10%
5%
2%
8%
8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Spain
Argentina
Japan
Poland
Serbia
Hungary
France
Sweden
Belgium
Italy
Peru
Mexico
Canada
Malaysia
South Korea
Great Britain
Turkey
Germany
Chile
Australia
Russia
China
Brazil
United States
South Africa
India
Saudi Arabia
Global Average
-38%
4%
7%
-25%
-31%
-19%
-33%
-29%
-15%
-69%
-10%
-4%
-22%
-53%
-29%
-37%
-56%
-65%
-46%
-48%
-57%
-47%
-51%
-59%
-54%
-51%
-61%
-61%
information?
TRUST IN
NEWS SOURCES
• Across the world, nearly
two-thirds are mistrusting
of information received by
people they know
predominantly through the
Internet.
• Just two countries show a
positive net score: Saudi
Arabia (4%) and India (7%).
PEOPLE I KNOW PREDOMINANTLYTHROUGHTHE INTERNET
NET SCORE

8%
11%
12%
13%
14%
14%
16%
16%
17%
18%
18%
19%
20%
21%
21%
21%
23%
26%
27%
27%
27%
29%
30%
34%
40%
44%
46%
23%
45%
46%
59%
53%
57%
58%
56%
35%
56%
43%
53%
51%
54%
43%
51%
52%
43%
52%
50%
39%
51%
53%
42%
44%
46%
42%
43%
49%
23%
32%
25%
24%
21%
20%
16%
33%
18%
32%
25%
21%
17%
15%
16%
18%
28%
10%
16%
14%
12%
11%
21%
15%
7%
7%
8%
19%
2%
5%
2%
4%
2%
2%
5%
10%
3%
3%
3%
3%
4%
8%
6%
5%
5%
2%
3%
8%
3%
3%
3%
5%
2%
2%
1%
4%
21%
6%
2%
6%
6%
5%
7%
5%
6%
3%
2%
6%
4%
12%
5%
4%
2%
10%
4%
12%
7%
5%
4%
2%
5%
6%
2%
6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
South Korea
Serbia
Italy
China
Spain
Belgium
Chile
Poland
Peru
Malaysia
Argentina
Hungary
France
Turkey
Brazil
Mexico
Great Britain
Sweden
Saudi Arabia
United States
Canada
South Africa
India
Australia
Germany
Russia
Global Average
49%
80%
77%
77%
58%
49%
68%
63%
44%
58%
67%
33%
51%
49%
40%
54%
45%
43%
25%
52%
8%
51%
50%
48%
38%
44%
20%
27%
information?
TRUST IN
NEWS SOURCES
• People are most trusting of
information they get from
other people they know
predominantly in person.
• Net trust in personal
relations as an information
source is highest in Russia,
Germany, and Australia
and lowest in Chile, South
Korea, and Japan.
PEOPLE I KNOW PREDOMINANTLY IN PERSON
NET SCORE

information?
NetTrust Scores by
Country
• When it comes to trusting
news sources, proximity
matters. People are most
trusting of those they know
in person, and least so of
people they mostly know
through the internet
NETTRUST SCORES BY COUNTRY AND SOURCE
GlobalAverage
Argentina
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
France
Germany
GreatBritain
Hungary
India
Italy
Japan
Malaysia
Mexico
Peru
Poland
Russia
SaudiArabia
Serbia
SouthAfrica
SouthKorea
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
UnitedStates
Newspapers and
magazines
-1% -29% 12% 7% 35% 29% -33% 39% -12% 36% 1% -58% 55% 0% 11% 25% -16% -18% -37% -21% 19% -77% 30% -10% -18% 5% -12% 9%
Television and
radio
4% 13% 19% -21% 33% 36% -25% 42% -15% 38% 32% -37% 41% 4% 5% 38% -26% -5% -39% -21% 26% -64% 38% -4% -13% 17% -6% 7%
Online news
websites and
platforms
-5% -19% 14% -19% 20% -5% -29% 26% -26% 26% 6% -44% 34% -4% -27% 8% -10% -10% -32% 11% 22% -41% 26% -27% -29% -17% 12% -13%
People I know
predominantly
through the
internet
-38% -61% -15% -48% -19% -37% -69% -33% -47% -10% -22% -51% 7% -46% -51% -29% -56% -65% -54% -29% 4% -59% -25% -53% -61% -57% -4% -31%
People I know
predominantly in
person
49% 45% 77% 51% 51% 68% 8% 48% 40% 77% 67% 54% 58% 38% 27% 43% 33% 25% 52% 80% 44% 44% 49% 20% 50% 58% 49% 63%
Net trust scores indicate, whether overall trust or distrust prevails in a given country.
A positive value indicates that trust prevails, while a negative value indicates the opposite.

10
How do people assess the personal relevance of different news and information sources?
Relevance of News Sources

Q. How good would you say each
of the following is at providing
news and information that is
relevant to you?
Display ofTOP 2 values:
1 “very good”
2 “fairly good”
RELEVANCE OF
NEWS SOURCES
• Globally, over half (54%)
rate newspapers and
magazines as very or fairly
good at providing relevant
news and information.
• Newspapers and
magazines are rated
especially high on relevance
in India (82%) and
especially low in Hungary
(24%) and Serbia (20%).
20%
24%
38%
42%
44%
45%
45%
46%
48%
49%
50%
51%
55%
55%
57%
58%
59%
59%
60%
60%
64%
64%
67%
70%
70%
74%
82%
54%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
Russia
Chile
Spain
Poland
France
Japan
Italy
Argentina
South Korea
United States
China
Peru
Great Britain
Sweden
Saudi Arabia
Australia
Belgium
Mexico
Germany
Canada
Brazil
Malaysia
South Africa
India
Global Average

RELEVANCE OF
NEWS SOURCES
• Globally, more consumers
rateTV and radio as a
relevant source of news and
information (58%) than do
so of newspapers and
magazines (54%).
• Three quarters in South
Africa (78%) and India
(75%) rate TV and radio
news as very or fairly good
at providing relevant news
and information.
27%
31%
41%
46%
46%
47%
50%
50%
51%
55%
55%
57%
59%
59%
60%
61%
64%
65%
66%
66%
69%
69%
69%
71%
73%
75%
78%
58%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
Spain
France
Poland
Italy
Chile
Japan
Russia
Argentina
United States
South Korea
Saudi Arabia
Peru
Mexico
Belgium
Australia
China
Sweden
Great Britain
Brazil
Germany
Canada
Malaysia
India
South Africa
Global Average
relevant to you?
1 “very good”
2 “fairly good” Base: 19,541 online adults aged 16-74 (18-74 in select countries) across 27 countries, from January 25 – February 8, 2019

RELEVANCE OF
NEWS SOURCES
• At the global level, nearly
six in ten (57%) report
online news websites are
good at providing relevant
information.
• Agreement ranges from
75% in South Africa to just
33% in Hungary.
ONLINE NEWSWEBSITES AND PLATFORMS
33%
41%
41%
42%
45%
46%
49%
51%
51%
53%
53%
56%
56%
56%
61%
61%
61%
62%
63%
63%
64%
66%
67%
69%
70%
72%
75%
57%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
Spain
Japan
Turkey
France
Serbia
Italy
Belgium
Sweden
United States
Chile
Argentina
South Korea
Poland
China
Canada
Saudi Arabia
Germany
Peru
Malaysia
Great Britain
Russia
Australia
Mexico
Brazil
India
South Africa
Global Average
relevant to you?
1 “very good”

RELEVANCE OF
NEWS SOURCES
• On average, the relevance
of news and information
received by people known
internet is rated the lowest
– only one third consider
them as good at providing
relevant information.
21%
23%
23%
25%
25%
28%
29%
29%
30%
30%
33%
35%
36%
36%
37%
37%
38%
38%
41%
41%
43%
43%
47%
47%
48%
51%
61%
36%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
Spain
Chile
France
Serbia
Hungary
Belgium
Sweden
Argentina
Italy
Mexico
Turkey
South Korea
Peru
Poland
United States
Great Britain
Canada
China
Russia
Germany
Malaysia
South Africa
Australia
Brazil
Saudi Arabia
India
Global Average
relevant to you?
1 “very good”

RELEVANCE OF
NEWS SOURCES
• Personal relationships are
rated as good sources at
providing relevant news
and information by 70% of
consumers globally (from
82% in Australia to 45% in
Japan)
45%
53%
60%
60%
62%
65%
68%
68%
69%
69%
69%
71%
71%
71%
72%
73%
73%
74%
75%
76%
76%
77%
77%
78%
79%
79%
82%
70%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
Chile
South Korea
Turkey
Italy
France
Spain
Belgium
Poland
Hungary
Peru
Saudi Arabia
Mexico
Malaysia
Sweden
Argentina
China
South Africa
United States
Russia
Brazil
Serbia
Great Britain
Canada
Germany
India
Australia
Global Average
relevant to you?
1 “very good”

relevant to you?
1 “very good”
2 “fairly good”
Summary of Relevance
of News Sources
• In nearly all countries,
personal contacts are rated
as the most relevant source
of news and information.
RELEVANCE BY COUNTRY AND SOURCE
GlobalAverage
Argentina
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
France
Germany
GreatBritain
Hungary
India
Italy
Japan
Malaysia
Mexico
Peru
Poland
Russia
SaudiArabia
Serbia
SouthAfrica
SouthKorea
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
UnitedStates
Newspapers and
magazines 54% 50% 60% 60% 70% 67% 44% 55% 46% 64% 58% 24% 82% 49% 48% 70% 64% 57% 45% 42% 20% 59% 74% 51% 45% 59% 38% 55%
Television and
radio 58% 55% 65% 64% 69% 71% 50% 66% 46% 69% 69% 31% 75% 50% 51% 73% 61% 60% 47% 55% 27% 59% 78% 59% 46% 66% 41% 57%
Online news
websites and
platforms 57% 56% 67% 51% 70% 61% 53% 61% 45% 62% 64% 33% 72% 49% 41% 63% 69% 63% 56% 66% 46% 61% 75% 56% 41% 51% 42% 53%
People I know
predominantly
through the
internet 36% 30% 47% 29% 48% 38% 23% 41% 25% 43% 38% 28% 61% 30% 21% 43% 33% 36% 37% 41% 25% 51% 47% 36% 23% 29% 35% 37%
People I know
predominantly in
person 70% 73% 82% 68% 76% 78% 53% 73% 65% 79% 77% 69% 79% 62% 45% 71% 71% 69% 69% 76% 77% 71% 74% 60% 68% 72% 60% 75%

17
How is trust in news sources perceived to have changed over the last five years?
Perceived Change inTrust Over the Last 5Years

1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
3%
3%
3%
4%
4%
4%
4%
4%
4%
4%
5%
5%
6%
8%
9%
9%
10%
10%
17%
21%
5%
6%
6%
9%
4%
9%
3%
8%
5%
9%
6%
10%
13%
11%
9%
12%
7%
4%
9%
12%
23%
14%
17%
27%
27%
17%
21%
27%
12%
60%
37%
45%
32%
51%
44%
57%
41%
59%
46%
50%
40%
44%
25%
48%
46%
48%
39%
35%
34%
48%
37%
42%
45%
42%
28%
32%
43%
11%
17%
18%
26%
19%
22%
14%
27%
15%
23%
17%
23%
22%
27%
20%
22%
21%
20%
22%
24%
19%
19%
12%
13%
17%
15%
13%
19%
7%
33%
14%
33%
12%
25%
8%
16%
9%
13%
11%
16%
12%
31%
11%
16%
17%
20%
22%
10%
9%
13%
3%
3%
11%
9%
5%
15%
15%
5%
13%
3%
7%
4%
11%
8%
5%
8%
8%
4%
7%
5%
6%
5%
6%
7%
4%
3%
2%
5%
5%
2%
3%
9%
2%
6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
Hungary
France
Serbia
Belgium
Russia
Germany
Poland
Canada
Great Britain
Australia
South Korea
Spain
Turkey
Chile
Italy
Sweden
United States
Argentina
Peru
Mexico
Brazil
China
Malaysia
South Africa
Saudi Arabia
India
Global Average
I now trust it much more I now trust it a little bit more My level of trust has not changed
I now trust it a little bit less I now trust it much less Don’t know
-16%
29%
14%
-1%
21%
21%
-6%
-7%
-6%
-27%
-26%
-30%
-27%
-16%
-45%
-20%
-22%
-15%
-27%
-12%
-35%
-12%
-41%
-20%
-52%
-21%
-43%
-11%
Q. And how much would, if at
all, would you say your level of
trust in each of the following has
changed over the past five
years?
PERCEIVED CHANGE
INTRUST
• In most countries, trust is
more often perceived to
have decreased over the
last five years than to have
increased.
• This is especially the case in
Turkey and across Eastern
Europe.
NET SCORE*
*Net trust scores indicate whether trust levels have overall increased (positive value) or decreased (negative value).

1%
2%
2%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
4%
4%
4%
4%
5%
6%
6%
6%
6%
7%
9%
11%
12%
12%
15%
18%
19%
6%
7%
8%
6%
6%
7%
7%
6%
17%
7%
10%
7%
9%
11%
10%
8%
7%
10%
11%
11%
18%
16%
21%
26%
27%
16%
19%
27%
12%
56%
52%
36%
39%
36%
39%
34%
38%
48%
43%
56%
51%
55%
50%
27%
49%
34%
45%
35%
41%
35%
32%
47%
43%
40%
31%
30%
41%
13%
19%
21%
17%
21%
21%
15%
23%
21%
23%
13%
19%
17%
17%
24%
20%
21%
15%
21%
21%
20%
21%
8%
13%
16%
15%
13%
18%
10%
12%
32%
32%
27%
17%
38%
14%
16%
14%
9%
10%
10%
10%
31%
14%
24%
19%
22%
13%
16%
11%
4%
3%
9%
10%
9%
16%
13%
7%
3%
3%
7%
13%
4%
5%
5%
7%
11%
8%
4%
8%
5%
5%
6%
4%
5%
2%
4%
4%
4%
2%
3%
7%
2%
6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
Belgium
Serbia
Russia
Poland
France
Hungary
South Korea
Italy
Spain
Germany
Great Britain
Canada
Australia
Turkey
Sweden
United States
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Brazil
Peru
China
Malaysia
South Africa
Saudi Arabia
India
Global Average
-16%
24%
12%
5%
24%
25%
-1%
-11%
-9%
-27%
-17%
-29%
-22%
-42%
-13%
-12%
-16%
-11%
-23%
-26%
-17%
-43%
-28%
-39%
-41%
-46%
-21%
-15%
PERCEIVED CHANGE
INTRUST
• Globally, one in three say
they trustTV and radio as a
source of information less
than they did five years
ago; only one in six say they
trustTV and radio more .
• Nearly half of Americans
(45%) say they trustTV and
radio less than they did five
years ago.
years?
NET SCORE

1%
1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
4%
4%
5%
5%
5%
8%
8%
8%
9%
10%
10%
10%
12%
17%
22%
6%
7%
7%
8%
13%
13%
9%
9%
10%
12%
9%
7%
7%
14%
10%
11%
12%
9%
11%
15%
24%
21%
24%
19%
24%
24%
28%
19%
14%
41%
59%
47%
44%
30%
45%
47%
40%
43%
52%
48%
40%
36%
49%
45%
49%
34%
38%
45%
46%
35%
36%
39%
41%
43%
32%
27%
42%
19%
12%
20%
21%
25%
25%
23%
19%
23%
17%
21%
31%
27%
19%
19%
16%
23%
20%
16%
16%
20%
17%
18%
16%
12%
15%
10%
19%
27%
5%
15%
16%
23%
11%
13%
14%
11%
8%
13%
12%
14%
14%
17%
10%
22%
17%
12%
4%
11%
11%
11%
7%
4%
7%
12%
13%
6%
16%
8%
3%
6%
7%
6%
14%
8%
12%
8%
6%
5%
5%
4%
8%
7%
6%
4%
2%
4%
2%
3%
2%
5%
2%
10%
6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
Japan
Belgium
Serbia
Turkey
Poland
Canada
France
Spain
Germany
Great Britain
Sweden
South Korea
Italy
Russia
Australia
United States
Argentina
Chile
Malaysia
Brazil
Peru
South Africa
Mexico
China
India
Saudi Arabia
Global Average
-12%
19%
23%
20%
11%
0%
6%
-1%
12%
-5%
-18%
-31%
-9%
-20%
-19%
-23%
-33%
-24%
-13%
-19%
-20%
-24%
-25%
-33%
-22%
-26%
-38%
-9%
PERCEIVED CHANGE
INTRUST
• Globally, one in five say
they trust online news sites
more than they did five
years ago, while a third say
they trust them less.
• Americans have particularly
soured on online news
websites and platforms (net
score of -31%), along with
Swedes (-33%),Turks (-
33%), and Japanese (-38%).
ONLINE NEWS WEBSITES AND PLATFORMS
years?
NET SCORE

1%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
3%
4%
4%
4%
5%
5%
5%
6%
7%
7%
12%
13%
4%
7%
15%
7%
9%
6%
4%
9%
8%
6%
8%
8%
13%
9%
8%
13%
8%
8%
8%
13%
17%
15%
10%
15%
15%
19%
28%
24%
11%
49%
35%
45%
46%
53%
56%
43%
43%
51%
52%
49%
39%
49%
55%
37%
49%
40%
45%
49%
51%
40%
40%
46%
35%
41%
36%
30%
45%
18%
23%
20%
18%
18%
9%
22%
14%
18%
13%
19%
25%
18%
12%
31%
13%
22%
18%
13%
16%
22%
20%
17%
20%
18%
14%
13%
18%
12%
16%
18%
20%
12%
5%
14%
15%
16%
11%
15%
11%
9%
8%
10%
11%
20%
15%
9%
9%
12%
16%
14%
18%
8%
7%
10%
13%
13%
10%
8%
6%
8%
24%
11%
18%
6%
15%
6%
10%
11%
14%
6%
15%
6%
10%
11%
2%
6%
9%
3%
5%
7%
4%
10%
9%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Belgium
Turkey
Hungary
Chile
Serbia
Japan
Poland
France
Italy
Great Britain
Russia
South Korea
Canada
Germany
Peru
Sweden
Argentina
Spain
Australia
Malaysia
South Africa
United States
Mexico
Brazil
China
India
Saudi Arabia
Global Average
-16%
14%
19%
0%
-16%
-10%
-21%
-14%
-3%
-5%
-21%
-30%
-13%
-25%
-9%
-15%
-20%
-23%
-13%
-26%
-19%
-25%
-8%
-22%
-27%
-29%
-22%
-22%
PERCEIVED CHANGE
INTRUST
• Trust in people known
internet has greatly
decreased. Only two
countries (Saudi Arabia and
India) show a positive net
score.
• The biggest decreases in
trust come from Latin
America and areas of
Europe (Hungary, Italy, and
Poland).
years?
NET SCORE

2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
6%
6%
6%
7%
8%
8%
8%
8%
9%
10%
10%
11%
11%
11%
12%
12%
12%
13%
13%
15%
19%
20%
9%
5%
14%
16%
12%
20%
13%
11%
18%
21%
15%
16%
18%
11%
16%
29%
32%
17%
13%
19%
15%
22%
20%
27%
22%
18%
25%
28%
18%
70%
62%
60%
69%
53%
63%
64%
44%
50%
64%
50%
54%
64%
57%
35%
48%
49%
54%
55%
58%
44%
49%
46%
47%
45%
29%
36%
53%
4%
11%
9%
9%
13%
10%
7%
20%
12%
7%
10%
10%
5%
9%
18%
6%
14%
5%
5%
9%
11%
9%
9%
12%
14%
8%
9%
10%
2%
5%
3%
2%
4%
4%
2%
6%
3%
2%
11%
4%
2%
4%
4%
2%
5%
4%
3%
4%
7%
5%
1%
5%
5%
10%
4%
4%
18%
5%
8%
2%
5%
5%
9%
5%
7%
5%
4%
7%
10%
7%
3%
2%
5%
13%
7%
3%
4%
5%
4%
1%
3%
8%
3%
6%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
Italy
Belgium
Serbia
South Korea
Sweden
Great Britain
Chile
Poland
Canada
Turkey
United States
Germany
Spain
Peru
Malaysia
Argentina
France
Australia
Russia
Brazil
Hungary
China
Mexico
South Africa
Saudi Arabia
India
Global Average
13%
35%
26%
14%
18%
30%
18%
16%
14%
22%
15%
9%
34%
17%
12%
12%
12%
3%
14%
13%
-2%
8%
5%
9%
6%
8%
1%
1%
PERCEIVED CHANGE
INTRUST
• Globally, trust in personal
contacts (other people
known personally) as a
source of news has grown
more than it has receded.
• Though a majority report
their levels of trust in
personal contacts have not
changed (53%), more report
a gain (27%) than a loss
(14%)
years?
NET SCORE

years?
Net Perceived Change
inTrust by Country
• Overall, and across most
countries, trust in all
sources of information is
perceived to have declined,
except for personal
contacts.
NET PERCEIVED CHANGE INTRUST BY COUNTRY AND SOURCE
Net scores indicate how perceived trust has changed in each country.
A positive value indicates that people are more trusting than they were five years ago,
while a negative value indicates the opposite.
GlobalAverage
Argentina
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
France
Germany
GreatBritain
Hungary
India
Italy
Japan
Malaysia
Mexico
Peru
Poland
Russia
SaudiArabia
Serbia
SouthAfrica
SouthKorea
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
UnitedStates
Newspapers and
magazines -16% -27% -15% -20% -6% -12% -16% 21% -21% -12% -27% -43% 29% -27% -11% 21% -7% -6% -35% -41% 14% -52% -1% -22% -20% -30% -45% -26%
Television and
radio -16% -27% -13% -21% -11% -12% -17% 25% -28% -11% -16% -43% 24% -26% -15% 24% -9% -1% -39% -41% 12% -46% 5% -17% -23% -22% -42% -29%
Online news
websites and
platforms -12% -18% -9% -26% -1% -24% -5% 20% -20% -13% -24% -9% 23% -19% -38% 12% 11% 6% -25% -20% 19% -22% 0% -23% -19% -33% -33% -31%
People I know
predominantly
through the
internet -16% -30% -5% -22% -16% -15% -27% 0% -19% -9% -13% -29% 19% -26% -8% -3% -10% -25% -25% -23% 14% -22% -14% -20% -21% -13% -22% -21%
People I know
predominantly in
person 13% 9% 22% 8% 16% 14% -2% 30% 15% 12% 8% 18% 35% 1% 1% 34% 18% 17% 13% 14% 26% 6% 14% 9% 12% 5% 3% 12%

24
How prevalent is fake news perceived to be in different news sources?
Prevalence of Fake News

82%
78%
68%
59%
59%
58%
57%
57%
55%
55%
52%
52%
51%
51%
50%
50%
49%
48%
47%
47%
46%
46%
42%
41%
37%
36%
34%
52%
12%
17%
25%
35%
39%
37%
31%
35%
41%
35%
34%
31%
42%
46%
36%
42%
36%
33%
41%
41%
48%
49%
48%
51%
56%
54%
36%
38%
6%
6%
7%
6%
2%
5%
12%
8%
4%
10%
14%
17%
7%
3%
14%
8%
15%
19%
12%
12%
6%
5%
10%
8%
7%
10%
30%
10%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Serbia
Hungary
Russia
Brazil
Malaysia
South Africa
Australia
Argentina
India
United States
Saudi Arabia
Great Britain
South Korea
Peru
Belgium
Italy
Germany
France
Poland
Spain
Sweden
Mexico
Canada
Turkey
China
Chile
Japan
Global Average
A fair to great extent of fake news (TOP 2) Not very much fake news or none at all (BOTTOM 2) Don't Know
Q. How prevalent, if at all,
would you say “fake news” is in
the news and information
provided to you by each of the
following?
PREVALENCE OF
FAKE NEWS
• Globally, a majority (52%)
perceive fake news to be
prevalent in newspapers
and magazines.
• Fake news is most widely
perceived to be prevalent in
Serbia (82%), Hungary
(78%), and Russia (68%)
and least so in Japan (34%),
Chile (36%) and China
(37%).
*Top 2: Prevalent to a great/fair extent. Bottom 2: Not very much/at all prevalent.

74%
73%
71%
61%
61%
59%
57%
57%
54%
53%
53%
53%
53%
52%
52%
49%
49%
48%
47%
45%
45%
44%
43%
43%
40%
39%
37%
52%
22%
21%
24%
30%
34%
38%
36%
42%
34%
37%
32%
44%
42%
29%
43%
40%
45%
38%
39%
47%
47%
48%
47%
40%
54%
56%
34%
39%
5%
6%
5%
9%
6%
4%
7%
2%
12%
10%
15%
4%
5%
19%
5%
11%
6%
14%
14%
9%
9%
8%
9%
17%
6%
5%
29%
9%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Serbia
Hungary
Russia
United States
Brazil
India
Argentina
Malaysia
Australia
Poland
Saudi Arabia
Mexico
South Africa
France
Peru
Spain
South Korea
Germany
Belgium
Italy
Turkey
Chile
Canada
Great Britain
Sweden
China
Japan
Global Average
A fair to a great extent of fake news (TOP 2) Not very much fake newsor none at all (BOTTOM 2) Don't know
• Globally, half (52%) of
those surveyed say at least
a fair amount of the news
onTV and radio is “fake
news”.
• This opinion is most
common in Serbia (74%),
Hungary (73%), and Russia
(71%).
following?
PREVALENCE OF
FAKE NEWS

78%
75%
71%
71%
70%
70%
70%
69%
68%
68%
67%
65%
64%
63%
63%
63%
59%
58%
57%
57%
57%
56%
56%
52%
51%
49%
36%
62%
17%
19%
20%
23%
23%
27%
25%
23%
26%
24%
27%
18%
22%
25%
18%
26%
26%
28%
35%
32%
37%
33%
41%
19%
46%
45%
53%
28%
4%
6%
9%
6%
6%
2%
5%
8%
6%
8%
5%
17%
14%
12%
19%
12%
15%
14%
8%
12%
6%
11%
3%
29%
3%
7%
11%
10%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
Serbia
United States
South Korea
Russia
Malaysia
South Africa
Italy
Brazil
Sweden
India
Great Britain
Germany
Australia
France
Canada
Belgium
Saudi Arabia
Argentina
Spain
China
Poland
Peru
Japan
Mexico
Chile
Turkey
Global Average
A fair to a gret extent of fake news (TOP 2) Not very much fake news or none at all (BOTTOM 2) Don't know
• Nearly two-thirds (62%)
globally say fake news is
prevalent on online news
websites and platforms.
• Strong majorities in
Hungary (78%), Serbia
(75%), the U.S. (71%), and
South Korea (71%) believe
fake news is prevalent
online.
following?
PREVALENCE OF
FAKE NEWS

68%
67%
63%
62%
62%
62%
61%
58%
58%
58%
57%
56%
55%
55%
55%
52%
52%
52%
51%
50%
47%
47%
46%
45%
44%
41%
37%
54%
29%
27%
30%
24%
29%
27%
30%
33%
29%
32%
31%
26%
22%
25%
35%
41%
31%
35%
33%
40%
27%
47%
41%
38%
41%
19%
51%
32%
3%
6%
7%
13%
9%
11%
9%
9%
13%
10%
12%
18%
23%
20%
10%
7%
17%
13%
16%
10%
26%
6%
14%
16%
16%
40%
12%
14%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Malaysia
Brazil
India
Sweden
South Africa
Italy
Russia
China
United States
Hungary
South Korea
Germany
France
Belgium
Argentina
Mexico
Canada
Saudi Arabia
Australia
Chile
Great Britain
Peru
Serbia
Spain
Poland
Japan
Turkey
Global Average
A fair to a great extent of fake news (TOP 2) Not very much fake news or none at all (BOTTOM 2) Don't know
• Over half of the
respondents from across
the world (54%) say news
and information they
receive from people they
know predominantly
through the internet
contains a fair amount or a
great deal of fake news.
following?
PREVALENCE OF
FAKE NEWS

61%
61%
51%
49%
49%
47%
41%
40%
39%
38%
36%
36%
36%
35%
34%
33%
33%
33%
31%
29%
29%
29%
29%
26%
23%
19%
18%
37%
36%
33%
43%
43%
34%
46%
46%
42%
53%
47%
54%
58%
58%
56%
55%
60%
53%
59%
54%
58%
59%
64%
54%
63%
65%
46%
74%
52%
3%
6%
5%
8%
17%
7%
13%
18%
9%
15%
9%
6%
7%
9%
11%
6%
13%
8%
14%
12%
12%
7%
18%
11%
13%
35%
8%
11%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Malaysia
Brazil
India
China
Saudi Arabia
South Africa
Turkey
France
Italy
Belgium
Argentina
Mexico
Peru
South Korea
United States
Sweden
Germany
Russia
Spain
Chile
Australia
Hungary
Great Britain
Canada
Poland
Japan
Serbia
Global Average
A fair to a great extent of fake news (TOP 2) Not very much fake news or none at all (BOTTOM 2) Don't know
• Globally, just over a third
(37%) say information from
people they know
personally contains at least
a fair amount of fake news.
• However, while more than
six in ten say so in Brazil
and Malaysia, only two in
ten do in Serbia and Japan.
following?
PREVALENCE OF
FAKE NEWS

following?
Summary: Prevalence
of Fake News
• Looking at all sources,
online news websites are
seen as containing a great
deal or a fair amount of
fake news more than other
sources of news and
information.
GlobalAverage
Argentina
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
France
Germany
GreatBritain
Hungary
India
Italy
Japan
Malaysia
Mexico
Peru
Poland
Russia
SaudiArabia
Serbia
SouthAfrica
SouthKorea
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
UnitedStates
PERCEIVED PREVALENCE OF FAKE NEWS ACROSS DIFFERENT SOURCES
Percentages shown are for “a great deal” or ”a fair amount” of fake news (TOP 2).
Newspapers and
magazines 52% 57% 57% 50% 59% 42% 36% 37% 48% 49% 52% 78% 55% 50% 34% 59% 46% 51% 47% 68% 52% 82% 58% 51% 47% 46% 41% 55%
Television and
radio 52% 57% 54% 47% 61% 43% 44% 39% 52% 48% 43% 73% 59% 45% 37% 57% 53% 52% 53% 71% 53% 74% 53% 49% 49% 40% 45% 61%
Online news
websites and
platforms 62% 57% 63% 59% 68% 63% 49% 57% 63% 64% 65% 78% 67% 69% 52% 70% 51% 56% 56% 70% 58% 75% 70% 71% 57% 68% 36% 71%
People I know
predominantly
through the
internet 54% 55% 51% 55% 67% 52% 50% 58% 55% 56% 47% 58% 63% 62% 41% 68% 52% 47% 44% 61% 52% 46% 62% 57% 45% 62% 37% 58%
People I know
predominantly in
person 37% 36% 29% 38% 61% 26% 29% 49% 40% 33% 29% 29% 51% 39% 19% 61% 36% 36% 23% 33% 49% 18% 47% 35% 31% 33% 41% 34%

31
To what extent do citizens think various news sources act with good intentions?
Intentions of News Sources

you think each of the following
act with good intentions when
providing you with news and
information?
Display ofTOP 2 values
1 = “ a great extent”
2 = “ a fair extent”
INTENTIONS OF
NEWS SOURCES
• Overall, half of respondents
(50%) think newspapers
and magazines act with
good intentions .
• Nearly four in five think so
in India and Malaysia, but
only one in five do in
Hungary.
18%
24%
30%
31%
37%
37%
37%
39%
43%
43%
44%
46%
47%
50%
51%
53%
53%
55%
58%
59%
63%
64%
64%
65%
70%
77%
79%
50%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Serbia
Hungary
Poland
Turkey
South Korea
Italy
Russia
Argentina
Chile
Peru
Spain
Japan
France
Saudi Arabia
Great Britain
United States
Mexico
Australia
Sweden
Belgium
Brazil
Germany
China
Canada
South Africa
Malaysia
India
Global Average

• Similar to newspapers and
magazines, about half
(52%) believeTV and radio
acts with good intentions
with the news they provide.
• It’s a view shared by as
many as about three in four
Malaysians, but only about
one in four Serbs and
Hungarians.
27%
28%
33%
33%
39%
40%
42%
42%
44%
45%
46%
47%
49%
51%
51%
56%
60%
61%
62%
63%
65%
65%
68%
71%
72%
72%
77%
52%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Serbia
Hungary
Turkey
Poland
Italy
Russia
South Korea
Spain
Argentina
Chile
France
Japan
Peru
Mexico
United States
Saudi Arabia
Australia
Sweden
Belgium
Great Britain
Brazil
Germany
Canada
China
South Africa
India
Malaysia
Global Average
information?
INTENTIONS OF
NEWS SOURCES

• Similar to traditional
media, half of all those
surveyed globally (49%)
perceive online news
websites and platforms as
acting on good intentions
31%
32%
32%
34%
36%
36%
39%
39%
43%
44%
44%
44%
47%
48%
50%
51%
52%
53%
55%
57%
59%
59%
63%
64%
65%
69%
70%
49%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
Japan
Turkey
Spain
Poland
South Korea
Serbia
Italy
France
Russia
United States
Argentina
Sweden
Peru
Belgium
Chile
Great Britain
Canada
Saudi Arabia
Australia
Germany
Mexico
Brazil
China
South Africa
India
Malaysia
Global Average
information?
INTENTIONS OF
NEWS SOURCES

• Globally, only 39% think
people they know
internet act with good
intentions when it comes
to sharing news and
information.
20%
22%
26%
27%
28%
31%
31%
33%
34%
34%
34%
34%
34%
37%
39%
39%
43%
43%
44%
46%
47%
49%
51%
51%
51%
52%
63%
39%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
Chile
Peru
Argentina
Spain
South Korea
Serbia
Sweden
Turkey
Italy
Mexico
Poland
Hungary
France
Belgium
Russia
Great Britain
China
United States
Canada
Germany
Brazil
South Africa
Saudi Arabia
Australia
Malaysia
India
Global Average
information?
INTENTIONS OF
NEWS SOURCES

• Globally, seven in ten
consumers (72%) feel
people they know are well-
intended when it comes to
sharing news and
information.
• The highest levels of
perceived benevolence
about personal contacts are
seen in Australia, Canada,
Malaysia, Germany and the
U.S.; the lowest in Chile
and Japan.
49%
50%
59%
61%
62%
62%
69%
70%
70%
71%
71%
71%
71%
72%
75%
76%
77%
77%
78%
79%
80%
80%
80%
81%
81%
83%
85%
72%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Japan
Chile
South Korea
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Peru
Mexico
Poland
Hungary
Argentina
Italy
France
China
Spain
Belgium
Brazil
South Africa
Russia
Sweden
Great Britain
Serbia
India
The US
Germany
Malaysia
Canada
Australia
Global Average
information?
INTENTIONS OF
NEWS SOURCES

information?
Summary: Intentions of
News Sources
• Across all countries, belief
they act with good
intentions when providing
information ranges from
72% for personal contacts
to 39% for people only
known through the
internet.
INTENTION BY COUNTRY AND SOURCE
GlobalAverage
Argentina
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China
France
Germany
GreatBritain
Hungary
India
Italy
Japan
Malaysia
Mexico
Peru
Poland
Russia
SaudiArabia
Serbia
SouthAfrica
SouthKorea
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
UnitedStates
Newspapers and
magazines 50% 39% 55% 59% 63% 65% 43% 64% 47% 64% 51% 24% 79% 37% 46% 77% 53% 43% 30% 37% 18% 50% 70% 37% 44% 58% 31% 53%
Television and
radio 52% 44% 60% 62% 65% 68% 45% 71% 46% 65% 63% 28% 72% 39% 47% 77% 51% 49% 33% 40% 27% 56% 72% 42% 42% 61% 33% 51%
Online news
websites and
platforms 49% 44% 57% 50% 63% 53% 51% 64% 43% 59% 52% 31% 69% 39% 32% 70% 59% 48% 36% 44% 39% 55% 65% 36% 34% 47% 32% 44%
People I know
predominantly
through the
internet 39% 27% 51% 39% 49% 46% 22% 43% 37% 47% 43% 34% 63% 34% 20% 52% 34% 26% 34% 39% 31% 51% 51% 31% 28% 33% 34% 44%
People I know
predominantly in
person 72% 71% 85% 75% 76% 83% 50% 71% 71% 81% 79% 70% 80% 71% 49% 81% 69% 62% 70% 77% 80% 62% 77% 59% 72% 78% 61% 80%

38
Do citizens trust public broadcasters more than private-sector ones?
Trust in PublicVs. Private Broadcasters

Net Score: % trust public broadcasters more than private, minus % trust public broadcasters less.
A positive value indicates more trust in public broadcasters over private ones.
Q. Do you trust publicTV and
radio broadcasters any more or
any less than private-sectorTV
and radio broadcasters as
sources of news and
information?
TRUST IN PUBLIC VS.
PRIVATE BROADCAST
• Opinions vary widely across
the world as to whether
public broadcasters are
more or less trustworthy
sources of news and
information than private
ones.
• Public broadcasters lead
private broadcasters widely
in India, Peru, and Sweden,
but lag behind them most
in Poland and Hungary.
+29%
-42%
Global Average 1.2%
Argentina -4%
Australia 8%
Belgium 7%
Brazil -6%
Canada 12%
Chile -7%
France -14%
Germany 20%
Great Britain 13%
Hungary -40%
India 29%
Italy -5%
Japan 10%
Malaysia 17%
Mexico 3%
Peru 24%
Poland -42%
Russia -12%
Saudi Arabia 7%
Serbia -6%
South Africa 4%
South Korea 6%
Spain 0%
Sweden 22%
Turkey -19%
United States 5%

40
To what extent do citizens agree or disagree with certain statements regarding news providers and sources?
Perceptions of Public Broadcasters

20%
29%
32%
32%
34%
37%
39%
40%
42%
43%
46%
48%
48%
50%
51%
51%
51%
52%
53%
53%
55%
58%
58%
60%
62%
65%
46%
39%
51%
25%
37%
45%
30%
34%
41%
39%
41%
36%
35%
38%
39%
31%
29%
31%
33%
31%
30%
30%
35%
30%
30%
22%
25%
34%
41%
20%
43%
31%
20%
34%
27%
20%
19%
16%
19%
18%
14%
12%
18%
20%
18%
15%
16%
17%
15%
8%
12%
10%
16%
10%
20%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
Japan
Serbia
Poland
South Korea
Turkey
Russia
France
Germany
Italy
Peru
Chile
Spain
Belgium
Mexico
Saudi Arabia
Sweden
United States
Argentina
Brazil
Malaysia
Great Britain
Australia
Canada
South Africa
India
Global Average
Total Agree (Strongly + Somewhat) Neither Total Disagree (Strongly + Somewhat)
26%
55%
46%
50%
46%
50%
40%
36%
37%
37%
33%
31%
33%
38%
34%
30%
27%
27%
23%
20%
12%
3%
14%
1%
-11%
9%
-21%
Q. How much do you agree or
disagree that publicTV and radio
broadcasters…
Provide a necessary service?
A NECESSARY
SERVICE?
• Globally, almost half of
those surveyed agree that
public TV and radio
broadcasters provide a
necessary service.
• Agreement ranges from
two-thirds in India (65%) to
just 20% in Hungary and
29% in Japan.
HOW MUCH DOYOU AGREE OR DISAGREETHAT PUBLICTV AND RADIO BROADCASTERS…
PROVIDE A NECESSARY SERVICE?
AGREE – DISAGREE

25%
32%
32%
38%
40%
40%
40%
41%
42%
43%
43%
46%
46%
47%
51%
52%
52%
53%
53%
53%
54%
55%
57%
57%
59%
68%
47%
48%
52%
47%
51%
32%
47%
48%
47%
43%
47%
31%
38%
29%
42%
35%
36%
26%
35%
34%
29%
34%
32%
33%
33%
31%
23%
38%
27%
16%
20%
11%
28%
13%
11%
12%
16%
10%
26%
16%
24%
12%
15%
11%
21%
12%
13%
18%
12%
13%
11%
10%
10%
10%
15%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
South Korea
Italy
France
Great Britain
Turkey
Japan
Australia
Spain
Belgium
Canada
Serbia
Chile
Saudi Arabia
United States
Argentina
Germany
Hungary
Mexico
Brazil
Peru
Malaysia
South Africa
Sweden
India
Russia
Poland
Global Average
32%
58%
49%
47%
46%
42%
42%
35%
40%
41%
31%
41%
36%
35%
22%
30%
17%
33%
26%
29%
29%
27%
12%
27%
12%
16%
-2%
broadcasters…
Are different from private
broadcasters?
DIFFERENT?
• 47% of global respondents
agree that publicTV and
radio broadcasters are
different from private ones.
• Notably, a plurality of the
population in several
countries neither agrees nor
disagrees with the
statement.
ARE DIFFERENT FROM PRIVATE BROADCASTERS?
AGREE – DISAGREE

15%
18%
19%
19%
21%
23%
25%
29%
29%
29%
29%
30%
30%
31%
31%
32%
33%
36%
36%
37%
38%
41%
41%
42%
45%
46%
31%
42%
44%
43%
45%
43%
43%
37%
50%
44%
48%
31%
35%
38%
44%
41%
39%
52%
35%
35%
40%
39%
34%
39%
36%
29%
31%
40%
43%
39%
39%
37%
37%
34%
37%
22%
27%
23%
40%
35%
31%
26%
28%
29%
15%
29%
29%
24%
22%
25%
19%
22%
26%
23%
29%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Great Britain
Canada
Belgium
Australia
South Korea
United States
Peru
Italy
South Africa
Spain
Turkey
Sweden
Mexico
France
Chile
Argentina
Japan
Germany
Saudi Arabia
Malaysia
Brazil
Hungary
India
Serbia
Poland
Russia
Global Average
2%
23%
19%
20%
22%
16%
16%
13%
7%
7%
18%
3%
3%
5%
-1%
-5%
-11%
6%
2%
7%
-12%
-11%
-16%
-18%
-20%
-21%
-28%
broadcasters…
Are obsolete?
OBSOLETE?
• Globally, opinion is evenly
split on whether public
broadcasters are obsolete
(31%) or not (29%), but
40% neither agree nor
disagree.
• Agreement is highest in
Eastern Europe and lowest
in Great Britain, Canada,
Belgium, and Australia.
ARE OBSOLETE?
AGREE – DISAGREE

18%
21%
22%
22%
25%
26%
27%
27%
27%
28%
29%
29%
30%
31%
32%
33%
34%
34%
34%
35%
37%
39%
40%
41%
43%
44%
31%
50%
49%
41%
57%
45%
55%
52%
57%
50%
46%
48%
51%
40%
40%
41%
50%
43%
47%
37%
48%
47%
30%
39%
41%
38%
40%
46%
32%
29%
37%
21%
31%
19%
21%
15%
23%
27%
23%
19%
30%
28%
27%
17%
23%
19%
28%
17%
16%
31%
21%
18%
19%
16%
23%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Belgium
Germany
Turkey
Canada
South Korea
Spain
France
Italy
Great Britain
Sweden
Australia
Serbia
Poland
Hungary
Argentina
Japan
Russia
United States
Peru
Malaysia
South Africa
Saudi Arabia
Chile
Brazil
Mexico
India
Global Average
8%
28%
24%
23%
19%
8%
21%
18%
6%
15%
11%
16%
5%
3%
0%
10%
6%
1%
4%
12%
6%
7%
-6%
1%
-15%
-8%
-14%
broadcasters…
Are overly elitist?
ELITIST?
• Globally, less than one-
third (31%) agree that
publicTV and radio
broadcasters are overly
elitist. Nearly half (46%)
neither agree nor disagree.
• India, Mexico, and Brazil
are the countries where
agreement is highest,
Belgium is where it is
lowest.
ARE OVERLY ELITIST?
AGREE – DISAGREE

31%
31%
32%
32%
33%
35%
36%
36%
37%
40%
40%
40%
41%
41%
43%
43%
44%
45%
45%
45%
46%
46%
46%
48%
48%
54%
41%
56%
55%
53%
43%
55%
48%
54%
51%
49%
46%
50%
46%
43%
43%
45%
41%
44%
35%
33%
35%
40%
40%
40%
39%
38%
34%
44%
13%
14%
15%
25%
12%
18%
10%
13%
14%
14%
10%
14%
16%
15%
13%
16%
12%
20%
22%
19%
13%
14%
14%
13%
13%
12%
15%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Canada
Belgium
France
Saudi Arabia
Great Britain
Sweden
Italy
Australia
United States
Japan
Spain
Germany
Chile
Argentina
South Africa
South Korea
Malaysia
Peru
Turkey
Hungary
Serbia
Brazil
India
Mexico
Poland
Russia
Global Average
26%
42%
35%
35%
32%
32%
33%
26%
23%
25%
32%
27%
30%
26%
25%
26%
30%
26%
23%
23%
26%
17%
21%
7%
17%
17%
18%
broadcasters…
Are bureaucratic?
BUREAUCRATIC?
• In all countries, more
people agree with the
statement that publicTV
and radio broadcasters are
bureaucratic than disagree.
• However, in many countries
about half of those
surveyed neither agree nor
disagree.
ARE BUREAUCRATIC?
AGREE – DISAGREE

14%
19%
22%
25%
27%
29%
32%
32%
33%
33%
34%
35%
35%
36%
40%
41%
41%
42%
45%
45%
46%
46%
48%
51%
51%
52%
37%
30%
52%
52%
53%
24%
41%
48%
36%
26%
37%
39%
27%
32%
37%
31%
29%
41%
35%
28%
39%
32%
34%
29%
37%
38%
33%
36%
55%
29%
26%
23%
50%
31%
20%
32%
41%
29%
27%
38%
33%
27%
29%
30%
18%
23%
27%
16%
21%
20%
23%
11%
10%
16%
27%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Hungary
South Korea
Italy
Japan
Poland
France
Spain
Chile
Serbia
Argentina
Germany
Turkey
Russia
Mexico
Brazil
Peru
Belgium
Saudi Arabia
South Africa
Australia
Malaysia
United States
Sweden
Canada
Great Britain
India
Global Average
10%
36%
41%
40%
25%
26%
25%
29%
18%
19%
23%
11%
11%
9%
2%
-3%
7%
4%
-8%
0%
12%
-2%
-23%
2%
-4%
-10%
-41%
broadcasters…
Offer quality programming?
QUALITY
PROGRAMMING?
• 37% of people across the
world agree that publicTV
and radio broadcasters
offer quality programming;
27% disagree.
• Far more agree than
disagree in India, Great
Britain and Canada, while
the reverse is true in
Hungary and Poland.
OFFER QUALITY PROGRAMMING?
AGREE – DISAGREE

•These are the findings of the Global Advisor, an Ipsos survey
conducted between February 22 to March 8, 2019.
•The survey was conducted in 28 countries around the world,
via the Ipsos Online Panel system in Argentina, Australia,
Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, France,
Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Malaysia,
Mexico, Peru, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, South
Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and the USA.
• For the results of the survey presented herein, an
international sample of 19,519 adults ages 19-74 in South
Korea, 18-74 in the US, Canada, China, Malaysia, South Africa
andTurkey, and ages 16-74 in all other countries, were
interviewed. Approximately 1000+ individuals participated on
a country by country basis via the Ipsos Online Panel, with the
exception of Argentina, Belgium, Chile, Colombia, Hungary,
India, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia,
South Africa, South Korea, Sweden andTurkey, where each
have a sample approximately 500+.
• 15 of the 27 countries surveyed online generate nationally representative
samples in their countries (Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, France,
Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Poland, South Korea, Spain,
Sweden, and United States).
• Brazil, China, Chile, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Russia, Saudi Arabia,
South Africa andTurkey produce a national sample that is more urban &
educated, and with higher incomes than their fellow citizens. We refer to
these respondents as “Upper Deck Consumer Citizens”. They are not
nationally representative of their country.
• Weighting was then employed to balance demographics and ensure that
the sample's composition reflects that of the adult population according to
the most recent country Census data, and to provide results intended to
approximate the sample universe. A survey with an unweighted probability
sample of this size and a 100% response rate would have an estimated
credibility interval of +/-3.1 percentage points for a sample of 1,000 and an
estimated credibility interval of +/- 4.5 percentage points 19 times out of 20
per country of what the results would have been had the entire population
of adults in that country had been polled. All sample surveys and polls may
be subject to other sources of error, including, but not limited to coverage
error, and measurement error.
•These are the findings of an Ipsos online survey conducted
between January 25 and February 8, 2019.
•The survey was conducted in 27 countries around the world,
via the Ipsos Online Panel system in Argentina, Australia,
Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, France, Germany, Great
Britain, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru,
Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, South Africa, South
Korea, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and the United States.
•The results are comprised of an international sample of
19,541 adults ages 16-74 in most countries, ages 18-74 in
Canada, South Africa, Turkey, and the United States, and ages
19-74 in South Korea. Approximately 1000+ individuals
participated on a country by country basis via the Ipsos Online
Panel, with the exception of Argentina, Belgium, Hungary,
India, Mexico, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabi, South Africa, South
Korea, Sweden, Turkey, Malaysia, Chile, Peru and Serbia,
where each have a sample of approximately 500+.

For more information, please contact:
Robert Grimm
Director of Ipsos Public Affairs, Germany
Robert.Grimm@ipsos.com
Nicolas Boyon
SeniorVice President, U.S.
Nicolas.Boyon@ipsos.com
Mallory Newall
Director, U.S.
Mallory.Newall@ipsos.com
48

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