Objective Capital's Rare Earths, Speciality & Strategic Metals Investment Summit 2012 Ironmongers' Hall, City of London 13-14 March 2012 Speaker: Thomas Krause, Chemetall Lithium

1. RARE EARTHS, SPECIALITY
& STRATEGIC METALS
INVESTMENT SUMMIT
Trends in lithium including LithoRec
Thomas Krause – Global Comms,
Chemetall Lithium
IRONMONGERS‟ HALL, CITY OF LONDON ● TUESDAY-WEDNESDAY, 13-14 MARCH 2012
www.ObjectiveCapitalConferences.com

2. Trends in Lithium
Thomas Krause
Head of Marketing & Communications, Lithium
Rare Earths, Speciality & Strategic Metals Investment Summit
London, March 13, 2011

3. Forward Looking Statements
This presentation may contain certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995 concerning the business, operations and financial condition of Rockwood
Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Rockwood”). Although Rockwood believes the expectations reflected in
such forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that its
expectations will be realized. "Forward-looking statements" consist of all non-historical information, including
the statements referring to the prospects and future performance of Rockwood. Actual results could differ
materially from those projected in Rockwood‟s forward-looking statements due to numerous known and
unknown risks and uncertainties, including, among other things, the "Risk Factors" described in Rockwood‟s
2008 Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Rockwood does not undertake any
obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date
on which any such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
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4. Chemetall
At a glance
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5. Chemetall is Part of Rockwood (NYSE ROC)
Net Sales: $ 3,669
Employees: 9,710
Pigments &
Additives
Advanced
Materials
(USD millions)
fiscal year 2011
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6. Chemetall Lithium – Global Market Position
• More than 50% market share, for Li2CO3 approx. 30%
• Very broad portfolio of specialty compounds and salts
• Headquarter Frankfurt, Germany, Production sites
worldwide
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7. Chemetall – Core Competencies
• Solar pond technology • Recycling of lithium
• Salt purification containing residues
• Crystallization – From internal
processes
• Production of Lithium Portfolio – From customer‟s
high purity Li salts processes
• Casting of Lithium metal • Large scale production
• Semi-finished metal of air and water
products sensitive materials
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8. Lithium trends -
Today‘s and future demand
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9. Consumption of lithium by end-use
Total demand abt. 120.000 mt LCE in 2010
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10. Trends in Lithium
The commitment and acceptance of eco cars is driven by the
need to ensure independency from crude oil, and the reduction
of greenhouse gases.
• Most reports estimate the number of ecoeco cars in 2020 in a
Most reports estimate the number of cars in 2020 in a range
of 5 to 7 million. million
range of 5 to 7
Battery development is still in progress, especially for pure
electric vehicles and requires modified high sophisticated
products.
Recycling will play a more and more important role.
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11. Lithium Forecast - Market Penetration Scenarios
(Basis: Six Different Market Studies)
ts LCE
600.000
500.000 HEV + PHEV + EV
(high scenario)
400.000
300.000 HEV + PHEV + EV
(low scenario)
200.000
Portable Batteries
Other Applications
100.000
Lubricating Greases
Glass & Ceramics
0
2010 2015 2020 2025
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12. Lithium Availability WallMap
Gerry M Clarke, Peter W Harben
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13. Main Sources for Lithium
Brines from Salars Minerals Geothermal Brines
(Brines, which are a residual
(Spodumene, Hectorite
by-product of geothermal power
Jadarite)
Generation; very low in Lithium)
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14. Chemetall Lithium Production Potential
Chemetall has steadily increased production in the past and expects to
continue to do so in the future to meet market needs.
2002 2005 2006 2008 2010
Expansion plans based on current market estimates
(Salar Atacama; Chile, Silver Peak, USA; Langelsheim Plant,Germany)
2008 2010 2015 2020
Lithium > 27,000 t > 33,000 t > 40,000 t > 50,000 t
Carbonate
Lithium > 4,000 t > 5,000 t > 10,000 t > 15,000 t
Hydroxide
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15. Chemetall Lithium Production Potential
Chemetall has steadily increased production in the past and expects to
continue to do so in the future to meet market needs.
2002 2005 2006 2008 2010
Expansion plans based on current market estimates
(Salar Atacama; Chile, Silver Peak, USA; Langelsheim Plant,Germany)
2008 2010 2014 2020
Lithium > 27,000 t > 33,000 t > 50,000 t
Carbonate To be expanded
according
Lithium > 4,000 t > 5,000 t > 10,000 t to market needs
Hydroxide
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16. Recent Expansions
New Battery Grade Lithium Hydroxide Plant:
 Kings Mountain, NC
 Capacity 5,000 ts
 Start up Q2 / 2012
New Battery Grade Lithium Carbonate Plant:
 Antofagasta, Chile
 Capacity 20,000 ts
 Start up Q4 / 2013
Brine Pond Expansion:
 Silver Peak, NV
 Capacity up to 6,000 ts LCE
 Start up Q2 / 2013
Pilot Plant for Lithium Battery Material Recycling:
 Langelsheim, Germany
 Capacity up to 800 ts LCE
 Start up Q1 /2012
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17. Trends in Lithium
The commitment and acceptance of eco cars is driven by the
need to ensure independency from crude oil, and the reduction
of greenhouse gases.
Most reports estimate the number of eco cars in 2020 in a range
of 5 to 7 million.
Battery development is is still progress, especially for pure pure
Battery development still in in progress, especially for
electric vehicles and requires modified high sophisticated
electric vehicles and requires modified high sophisticated
products.
products.
Recycling will play a more and more important role.
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18. Energy densities – future generations
effective range
EV [km]
>500 -
ca. 1500 Wh/kg
500
Li-sulfur
Li-air
300 Wh/kg
Alloy anode
200 high voltage
150-170 Wh/kg cathode
LiB optimized
130 Wh/kg
100
LiB
50
today 2012 near future future
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19. Lithium Ion Batteries (LIB) Types
Battery Chemistry
Existing and Future
Cathode Product Demand
•Lithum Cobalt (LCO)
•Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum  Li-carbonate with specific
(NCA, LNCA) qualities for cathode
•Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese material
(NCM)  Li-hydroxide with specific
•Lithium Manganese Spinel (LMO) qualities for cathode
•Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) material
Anode  LiBOB as electrolyte salt
•Lithium Titanate Spinel (LTO) and additive
•Titatnium dioxide modifications  Li-halide salts for
•Si – alloys electrolytes
•Li metal foil (for LIB as well as  Prelithiated Li metal foils
for Li/air, open batteries) and anodes
Electrolyte / Additives  Alloy / Composite Anodes
•LiBOB
•Conductive salts
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20. Chemetall Lithium Battery Roadmap
effective range
EV [km]
500 >500 -
ca. 1500 Wh/kg
300 Wh/kg Li-sulfur
200 Li-air
200 Wh/kg Alloy anode
150-170 Wh/kg high voltage
Alloy anode cathode
100
130 Wh/kg LiB optimized
50 LiB
next next future
today 2012 generation I generation II
LiBOB- Redox shuttle molecules Prelithiation Li-metal anode I
improvements Agents for anodes
Electrolyte additives and Li-metal anode II
conductive salts Alloy/Composite Li-metal anode III
Anodes
HP Li2CO3 and HP LiOH (solid electrolytes)
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21. Dedication – global R&D network
ITRI
Automotive
Industry
Europe DOE
Chemical German & US
Industry
Americas Asia Governmental
Offices
Other
Equipment
Research
Suppliers
Institutes
Industry CIL Centro de
and Innovatión del Litio
Trade Associations Chile
Strong R&D network to meet future market needs for LIB
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22. Trends in Lithium
The commitment and acceptance of eco cars is driven by the
need to ensure independency from crude oil, and the reduction
of greenhouse gases.
Most reports estimate the number of eco cars in 2020 in a range
of 5 to 7 million.
Battery development is still in progress, especially for pure
electric vehicles and requires modified high sophisticated
products.
Recycling will play aa more and more important role.
Recycling will play more and more important role.
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23. Market Development for Eco Cars
• Lithium will not be consumed in Lithium Ion Batteries.
• Legislation will force the automotive industry to develop
comprehensive recycling concepts
• Recycling of Lithium from used batteries may exceed 50% -
larger quantities will be available from 2030 onwards.
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24. Lith Rec
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25. Recycling of Eco Car LIB Materials
Transition Metal Salts
for further Recycling
Integrated Pretreatment
Battery for
Disassembling Recycling
Leaching /Extraction
of Cathode Material
= Extraction Pilot Plant
HCl or H2SO4
= HP LiOH Pilot Plant
HP
LiOH Salt Splitting via
Electrodialysis
Manufacturing
of Purification by:
Cathode Materials - Cristallization
HP
- Ion Exchange
Li2CO3
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26. Recycling Potential (mean scenario) and Timing
400.000
t LCE
350.000
HEV + PHEV + EV
300.000
Recycled
250.000
200.000
150.000
Battery Life
100.000
50.000
0
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
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27. Chemetall
… as the leading producer of lithium compounds is committed:
• to expand capacities according to market needs
• to develop tailor-made products in order to satisfy its customer„s demands
• to foster sustainability by developing Lithium Recycling for LIB EV
batteries
Primary Sources Secondary Source
Salar de Atacama Silver Peak Recycling
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