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Transplantation immunology.pptx
- 1. Transplantation Immunology inDogs Course Code : VSO-604 Course Title : Clinical practice of Small Animal Surgery Presented by Name- Md Jahid Hasan Shourav ID- 22110902
- 2. Outline • Definition • Etiology •Immunology • Immunity • Types of transplant • Methods of transplant • Classifications • Advantages • Protocol • Complications
- 3. Transplantation • Transplantation, alsoknown as transplant surgery, is a medical procedure in which an organ or tissue from one individual, is removed and implanted into another individual in order to replace a diseased or damaged organ or tissue • The transplantation can be of various types such as kidney, liver, heart, lungs, cornea, bone marrow, and so on.
- 4. What is transplantationimmunology • Transplantation immunology is the study of the immune system's response to transplanted tissues or organs. • When a transplant is performed, the recipient's immune system identifies the transplanted organ or tissue as foreign and attacks it as a part of its natural defense mechanism. • This immune response can lead to rejection of the transplanted tissue, which can ultimately lead to the failure of the transplant
- 5. Protocol of transplantationimmunology in dog 1. Pre-transplantation evaluation 2. Donor & Recipient selection 3. Surgery 4. Monitoring 5. Post transplantation care
- 6. Types of Transplantation 1.SolidOrgan Transplantation: heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, and pancreas etc 2. Tissue Transplantation: tissues such as skin, bone, tendons, and cartilage 3. Blood Transplantation 4. Stem Cell Transplantation 5. Corneal transplantation
- 7. Why transplantation neededin dog • Dogs can suffer from various diseases or conditions that affect their organs or tissues, such as kidney, liver, heart, and bone marrow diseases • Transplantation provides a way to replace the damaged or diseased organ or tissue with a healthy one from a donor and can be a life- saving treatment for some dogs. • Kidney transplantation in dogs is one of the most common types of transplantation and is usually performed on dogs with end-stage renal disease
- 8. Transplantation immunology indog • Transplantation in dogs is limited by the immune response of the recipient's body against the transplanted tissue or organ. • To address this challenge, transplantation immunology in dogs focuses on identifying ways to prevent rejection and improve the success of transplants.
- 10. key techniques usedin transplantation immunology in dogs 1. Analyzing the different blood groups • One of the key techniques used in transplantation immunology in dogs is blood typing, which involves analyzing the different blood groups of the donor and recipient. • This helps to ensure that the donor's tissue is compatible with the recipient, reducing the risk of rejection.
- 11. 2. immunosuppressive therapy •Involves the use of drugs to suppress the recipient's immune system and prevent rejection of the transplant. • However, this approach can also increase the risk of infection and other complications, so careful monitoring is required. 3. Use of molecular techniques • These techniques can help identify the degree of genetic similarity between the donor and recipient • Also help identify potential antigens that may trigger a harmful immune response.
- 12. 4. Chimerism This techniqueinvolves introducing a small number of donor cells into the recipient's body to induce tolerance to the transplanted tissue. This can help to reduce the risk of rejection and improve long-term survival of the transplant.
- 14. Advantages of transplantation immunologyin dog • 1. Increased success rates • 2. Enhanced quality of life • 3.Improved understanding of immune system • 4. Reduced risk of rejection • 5. Potential for repeat transplantation • 6. Improved treatment option • 7. Potential for human medicine
- 15. Disdvantages of transplantation immunologyin dog • 1. Risk of complications like bleeding, infection etc • 2. Immunosuppression-related problems • 3. Cost • 4. Limited availability of resources • 5. Ethical concerns
- 16. Contraindications to transplantation Complicationsinclude the following: • Rejection • Infection • Renal insufficiency • Cancer • Atherosclerosis
- 17. Conclusion • Transplantation immunologyin dogs is an important field that has the potential to improve the health and quality of life of dogs with organ failure or other conditions that may benefit from transplantation • While transplantation in dogs can provide significant benefits, it is also associated with some risks and limitations, such as the risk of rejection, infection, and other complications. • Overall, transplantation immunology in dogs has the potential to significantly improve the health and well-being of affected dogs and is an important area of ongoing research and development.
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