Wind turbines Assistant: CHP Type: H-rotor Type: Gas engine Location: Roof high-rise Location: Basement 96 5. Energy production PV panels Solar glass PV-T panels Type: ZEN power cp Type: Optisol screen Type: Volther hybrid Location: Roof low-rise Location: Conserv

1. Graduation presentation
2N
OV
Bart Pieters 4036255
EM
BER
201
2
Building Technology
Green Building Innovations
Tutors:
Ir. S. Broersma - Dr. Ir. H. Zijlstra - Ir. T. Konstantinou
External examiner:
Ir. W.J. Quist

2. Part 1: Introduction
2

3. Part 1: Introduction
Part 2: Design
3

4. Part 1: Introduction
Part 2: Design
Part 3: Results
4

5. Part 1
Introduction
5

6. What Is my graduation about?
6

7. 7

8. Rezoning of vacant office buildings to residential buildings
8

9. Former office building, Wageningen
9

10. 10

11. 11

12. 12

13. Former tax office, Utrecht
• Gerbrandystraat 20, Utrecht;
• Originally build in 1981;
• Structural vacant since 2010;
13

14. Housing area
Housing area
Housing area
14

15. Original drawing
Low-rise (3 storeys)
15

16. Side - Entrance
Entrance
Original drawing
Low-rise (3 storeys)
16

17. Side - Entrance
Entrance
Original drawing
Low-rise (3 storeys)
17

18. Side - Entrance
Entrance
Original drawing
Low-rise (3 storeys)
18

19. Original drawing
high-rise (11 storeys)
19

20. From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
20

21. r s
rte
s ta
a nd
n ts
d e
S tu
From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
21

22. From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
22

23. Why This specific topic?
23

24. 24

25. • Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
0
25

26. • Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%)
0
26

27. • Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%)
• Healthy market 5-6 %
0
27

28. • Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%)
• Healthy market 5-6 %
• Over supply 4.2 million m2 (9%)
0
28

29. • Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%)
• Healthy market 5-6 %
• Over supply 4.2 million m2 (9%)
• Expectancy 2020 12.2 million m2 (26%)
0
29

30. • Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%)
• Healthy market 5-6 %
• Over supply 4.2 million m2 (9%)
• Expectancy 2020 12.2 million m2 (26%)
• Flex working 22.2 million m2 (48%)
0
30

31. 16.6
31

32. 17.7
16.6
5%↑
32

33. 17.7
Housing shortage 600.000
16.6
5%↑
33

34. 34

35. 35

36. 36

37. Products 16% 31 kWh/p/d
Other fossil 8% 3 kWh/p/d
Warmth / Bio 7% 3 kWh/p/d
20% 39 kWh/p/d Built environ-
ment 41% 39 kWh/p/d
Electricity 25% 8 kWh/p/d
Energy
Consumers 12% 24 kWh/p/d National
25% 23 kWh/p/d
transport
Natural gas
61% 26 kWh/p/d
13% 25 kWh/p/d Industry 27% 25 kWh/p/d
3% 6 kWh/p/d agriculture 7% 7 kWh/p/d
100% 94 kWh/p/d 100% 39 kWh/p/d
international
aviation and 20% 38 kWh/p/d
maritime
Conversion
16% 30 kWh/p/d
Losses
100% 193 kWh/p/d
37

38. Spring agreement 2008
2011: 25% co2 reduction
2015: 50% co2 reduction
2020: Energy neutral
38

39. From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
39

40. Former tax office, Utrecht?
40

41. Why the former tax office?
Former tax office, Utrecht
• Energy crisis 1973;
• Gloomy colours;
• Modular structure;
• Prefabrication of elements.
41

42. Research question
(How) Is it possible to transform the former
tax office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral
residential building?
42

43. Research question
(How) Is it possible to transform the former
tax office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral
residential building?
Thesis objective
The transformation of the former tax office
in Utrecht towards an energy neutral
residential building’
43

44. from office to energy-neutral residential building
44

45. from office to energy-neutral residential building
45

46. Energy-neutral definition
The energy within the project boundary is equal to the
amount of renewable energy that is generated within
the project boundary (PEGO, 2009)
46

47. Energy-neutral definition
The energy within the project boundary is equal to the
amount of renewable energy that is generated within
the project boundary (PEGO, 2009)
3 energy streams
47

48. Energy-neutral definition
1. Building related energy
BRE: 63%
48

49. Energy-neutral definition
1. Building related energy
2. User related energy
BRE: 63%
%
: 24
URE
49

50. Energy-neutral definition
1. Building related energy
2. User related energy
3. Material related energy
13% BRE: 63%
MRE:
%
: 24
URE
50

51. Energy-neutral definition
1. Building related energy
2. User related energy
3. Material related energy
BRE: 63%
%
: 24
URE
51

52. How is this objective achieved?
52

53. 1 Transformation design
2 BRE
- EPC ENORM
- Manual calc
3 URE - Greencalc+
4 MRE
- Greencalc+
- Manual calc
5a Energy consumption (GJ)
5b Energy production (GJ)
6 Energy balance (GJ)
53

54. 1 Transformation design
2 BRE
- EPC ENORM
- Manual calc
3 URE - Greencalc+
4 MRE
- Greencalc+
- Manual calc
5a Energy consumption (GJ)
5b Energy production (GJ)
6 Energy balance (GJ)
54

55. 1 Transformation design
2 BRE
- EPC ENORM
- Manual calc
3 URE - Greencalc+
4 MRE
- Greencalc+
- Manual calc
5a Energy consumption (GJ)
5b Energy production (GJ)
6 Energy balance (GJ)
55

56. 1 Transformation design
2 BRE
- EPC ENORM
- Manual calc
3 URE - Greencalc+
4 MRE
- Greencalc+
- Manual calc
5a Energy consumption (GJ)
5b Energy production (GJ)
6 Energy balance (GJ)
56

57. 1 Transformation design
2 BRE
- EPC ENORM
- Manual calc
3 URE - Greencalc+
4 MRE
- Greencalc+
- Manual calc
5a Energy consumption (GJ)
5b Energy production (GJ)
6 Energy balance (GJ)
57

58. 1 Transformation design
2 BRE
- EPC ENORM
- Manual calc
3 URE - Greencalc+
4 MRE
- Greencalc+
- Manual calc
5a Energy consumption (GJ)
5b Energy production (GJ)
6 Energy balance (GJ)
58

59. Part 2
Transformation design
59

60. Design aims
60

61. Design aims
61

62. Design aims
62

63. Design assumptions
Program
• Starter housings: 5330 m2
• Business premises: 720 m2
• Dorm rooms: 3500 m2
• Communal area: 1450 m2
Total: 11000 m2
63

64. Design assumptions
Program User comfort
• Starter housings: 5330 m2 • Two-sided openable
• Business premises: 720 m2 windows and daylight
• Dorm rooms: 3500 m2 access
• Communal area: 1450 m2 • Outdoor space for
every building user
Total: 11000 m2
64

65. Spatial design
1. Define habitable floor area
65

66. Spatial design
Problem zones
stair cases stair cases
deep dark areas deep dark areas
sufficient daylight sufficient daylight
25
2900 m2 (35%) 4800 m2 (63%)
66

67. Spatial design
starter housings
Program division
business premises
student housings
Low-rise, more adjustments
High-rise, less adjustments
67

68. Spatial design
1. Define habitable floor area
2. Increase habitable floor area
68

69. Spatial design
stair cases
deep dark areas
sufficient daylight
25
2900 m2 (35%) 4900 m2 (60%)
69

70. Spatial design
+ 400 m2
+ 1600 m2
Original volume Extended volume
11000 m2 (15 storeys) 13000 m2 (16 storeys)
70

71. Spatial design
• 13,000 m2 is a rough estimation
71

72. Spatial design
• 13,000 m2 is a rough estimation
• Optimized to gain floor space
72

73. Spatial design
• 13,000 m2 is a rough estimation
• Optimized to gain floor space
• Specification required
• Influenced by climate design
73

74. Climate design
74

75. Climate design
1. Thermal boundary
2. Ventilation
3. Heating / Tap water
4. Cooling
5. Energy production
75

76. Former tax office
Office area
Office area
Office area
Office area
Basement
76

77. Former tax office
Office area
Office area
Office area
Office area
Basement
77

78. Former tax office
installation 18815+
space
18790+
insulated
panel
17950+ +50
Prefab
concrete
construction facade
element
+3350
17750+
ceiling
+2250 16650+
steel window
frame + insulated
glass panels
installation 15215+
space
15190+
insulated
panel
14350+ P = +50
Prefab
construction concrete
facade
14150+ element
13050+
ceiling
78

79. 1. Thermal boundary
1 2 3 4
Description Internal element insu- External insulation Internal insulation. External insulation
lation. (maintaining layer. (maintaining Box in box principle. layer. (facade removal
original facade original facade) (maintaining original or displacement)
facade)
Maximal utilization of Maximal utilization of No use of thermal Medium use of ther-
Thermal mass thermal mass, two thermal mass, two mass mal mass: facade
sidede: floor, upper sidede: floor, upper beams and upper
floor floor, facade floor
Lower quality insula- Lower insulation Low transmision Low transmision
Transmission tion by re-use of exist- values hrough internal boxes through better perfor-
ing facade elements mance facade
High risk at the point High- risk through Low-risk, depending Medium risk, depend-
of floor-facade con- re-ruse of aluminium on the type of timber ing on the type of
Cold bridges nection window frames structure. thermal bridge breaks
for balconies
Probability of failure Probability of failure Low Probability of Low probability of
Possible threats during execution during execution failure, but no ther- failure during execut-
mal mass utilization ing
structure thermal boundary 79

80. 1. Thermal boundary
OUTSIDE ATRIUM
Thermal mass
80

81. 1. Thermal boundary
OUTSIDE ATRIUM
winter solar
gain
81

82. 2. Ventilation
82

83. 2. Ventilation
OUTSIDE ATRIUM
Natural air
supply
83

84. 84

85. 2. Ventilation
OUTSIDE ATRIUM
Extended
living room
85

86. 2. Ventilation
OUTSIDE ATRIUM
bypass
86

87. 2. Ventilation
Former tax Office Transformation zero
87

88. 88

89. 2. Ventilation
89

90. 2. Ventilation
40% reduction
90

91. 2. Ventilation
91

92. 2. Ventilation
92

93. 4. Heating - Cooling - Tap water
Dual pass
Heat exchanger
Dual pass
Heat exchanger
Dual pass
Heat exchanger
Dual pass
Heat exchanger
Heat pump
93

94. 70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
condenser
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
Gas
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
94

95. 5. Energy production
95

96. 5. Energy production
PV panels Solar glass PV-T panels
Type: ZEN power cp Type: Optisol screen Type: Volther hybrid
Location: Roof low-rise Location: Conservatories Location: Roof high-rise
96

97. Electrical energy
1205 GJ
Thermal energy
1461 GJ
97

98. 12 12
94m2
7200 53m2
11 Unit
11 11
19m2 19m2
7200 55m2
46m2 19m2 19m2
10 10
19m2 19m2
51m2 Atrium
7200 A
52m2 A
19m2 19m2
09 9
Office --.--
19m2
7200 42m2
52m2 56m 2
55m2
19m2
08 8
Kitchen
19m2 19m2
7200
48m2 Sanitary
17m2
07 7
Sanitary
3600 17m2 Hall
06 6
75600 56m2 56m2 51m2
7200 60m2
Office 55m2 Kitchen
17m2
19m2
05 5
Starter 19m2 19m2
53m2 56m2
house
47m 2
7200 53m2
Office Atrium
42m2 19m2 19m2
8 Unit
04 4
--.--
Dorm room
Atrium Office 19m2 19m2
7200 42m2
46m2 Atrium 19m2 19m2
56m2 53m2 56m2
03 3
Office
47m2 42m2
7200
57m2 98m2
02 2
7200 53m2
53m2 56m2
First floor Thirteenth floor
01 1
A B C D E F G H I J K L
74400 19200
7200 7200 7200 4800 7200 7200 7200 4800 7200 7200 7200 7200 4800 7200
A B C D E F G H K L M N G H K L
98

99. 12
11
10
A A
9
8
7
6
5
4
--.--
3
2
1
A B C D E F G H I J K L
99

100. Toilet
1.24 m2
Bath room 1.51 m2
5.75 m2
Living room
28.48 m2
Bed room
10.3 m2
100

101. Final program
Low-rise (4 storeys): 7000 m2
High-rise (12 storeys): 6600 m2
Total: 13600 m2
101

102. Former tax Office Transformation zero
102

103. 103

104. 104

105. 105

106. Office area
01 106

107. +9550
Balcony
+8250
Living Room
+7250
+4950
Conservatory
Office area Living Room
+3650
+3350
7200
01 01 107

108. Part 3
Energy balance Results
108

109. 1. BRE
2. URE
3. MRE
Energy Balance (GJ)
109

110. Energy scale
1 GJ
110

111. Energy scale
1 GJ = 1000 MJ
111

112. Energy scale
1 GJ = 1000 MJ = 278 kWh
112

113. Energy scale
1 GJ = 1000 MJ = 278 kWh
Electricity consumption average domestic household
3300 kWh/y = 12 GJ/y
113

114. 1. BRE E
VENTILATION
390,037 MJ E
LIGHTING
313,344 MJ
H
E
TAP WATER
1,294,513 MJ
11,820 MJ E
HEATING
H 1,670,762 MJ
467,439 MJ
LT-CV / HT-CV
C
E
COOLING
357,512 MJ
62,669e MJ
Tap water
70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
Dual pass
exchanger
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
floor heating/cooling
70˚C 40˚C 12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT IN OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
THERM-PANELS
307,047 MJ H 1,460,870 MJ
946,989 MJ condenser
PV-PANELS
E 1,204,526 MJ
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
Avoided use Surplus Electircity Gas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
636,733 MJ 2,331,071 MJ 1,163,539 MJ 1,671,696 MJ
Electricity export Heat Cold Thermal export
897,479 MJ 1,353,394 MJ 80,198 MJ 80,198 MJ
114

115. 1. BRE E
VENTILATION
390,037 MJ E
LIGHTING
313,344 MJ
H
E
TAP WATER
1,294,513 MJ
11,820 MJ E
HEATING
H 1,670,762 MJ
467,439 MJ
LT-CV / HT-CV
C
E
COOLING
357,512 MJ
62,669e MJ
Tap water
70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
Dual pass
exchanger
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
floor heating/cooling
70˚C 40˚C 12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT IN OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
THERM-PANELS
307,047 MJ H 1,460,870 MJ
946,989 MJ condenser
PV-PANELS
E 1,204,526 MJ
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
Avoided use Surplus Electircity Gas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
636,733 MJ 2,331,071 MJ 1,163,539 MJ 1,671,696 MJ
Electricity export Heat Cold Thermal export
897,479 MJ 1,353,394 MJ 80,198 MJ 80,198 MJ
115

116. 1. BRE E
VENTILATION
390,037 MJ E
LIGHTING
313,344 MJ
H
E
TAP WATER
1,294,513 MJ
11,820 MJ E
HEATING
H 1,670,762 MJ
467,439 MJ
LT-CV / HT-CV
C
E
COOLING
357,512 MJ
62,669e MJ
Tap water
70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
Dual pass
exchanger
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
floor heating/cooling
70˚C 40˚C 12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT IN OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
THERM-PANELS
307,047 MJ H 1,460,870 MJ
946,989 MJ condenser
PV-PANELS
E 1,204,526 MJ
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
Avoided use Surplus Electircity Gas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
636,733 MJ 2,331,071 MJ 1,163,539 MJ 1,671,696 MJ
Electricity export Heat Cold Thermal export
897,479 MJ 1,353,394 MJ 80,198 MJ 80,198 MJ
116

117. 1. BRE E
VENTILATION
390,037 MJ E
LIGHTING
313,344 MJ
H
E
TAP WATER
1,294,513 MJ
11,820 MJ E
HEATING
H 1,670,762 MJ
467,439 MJ
LT-CV / HT-CV
C
E
COOLING
357,512 MJ
62,669e MJ
Tap water
70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
Dual pass
exchanger
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
floor heating/cooling
70˚C 40˚C 12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT IN OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
THERM-PANELS
307,047 MJ H 1,460,870 MJ
946,989 MJ condenser
PV-PANELS
E 1,204,526 MJ
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
Avoided use Surplus Electircity Gas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
636,733 MJ 2,331,071 MJ 1,163,539 MJ 1,671,696 MJ
Electricity export Heat Cold Thermal export
897,479 MJ 1,353,394 MJ 80,198 MJ 80,198 MJ
117

118. 1. BRE E
VENTILATION
390,037 MJ E
LIGHTING
313,344 MJ
H
E
TAP WATER
1,294,513 MJ
11,820 MJ E
HEATING
H 1,670,762 MJ
467,439 MJ
LT-CV / HT-CV
C
E
COOLING
357,512 MJ
62,669e MJ
Tap water
70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
Dual pass
exchanger
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
floor heating/cooling
70˚C 40˚C 12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT IN OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
THERM-PANELS
307,047 MJ H 1,460,870 MJ
946,989 MJ condenser
PV-PANELS
E 1,204,526 MJ
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
Avoided use Surplus Electircity Gas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
636,733 MJ 2,331,071 MJ 1,163,539 MJ 1,671,696 MJ
Electricity export Heat Cold Thermal export
897,479 MJ 1,353,394 MJ 80,198 MJ 80,198 MJ
118

119. 1. BRE E
VENTILATION
390,037 MJ E
LIGHTING
313,344 MJ
H
E
TAP WATER
1,294,513 MJ
11,820 MJ E
HEATING
H 1,670,762 MJ
467,439 MJ
LT-CV / HT-CV
C
E
COOLING
357,512 MJ
62,669e MJ
Tap water
70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
Dual pass
exchanger
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
floor heating/cooling
70˚C 40˚C 12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT IN OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
THERM-PANELS
307,047 MJ H 1,460,870 MJ
946,989 MJ condenser
PV-PANELS
E 1,204,526 MJ
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
Avoided use Surplus Electircity Gas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
636,733 MJ 2,331,071 MJ 1,163,539 MJ 1,671,696 MJ
Electricity export Heat Cold Thermal export
897,479 MJ 1,353,394 MJ 80,198 MJ 80,198 MJ
119

120. 1. BRE E
VENTILATION
390,037 MJ E
LIGHTING
313,344 MJ
H
E
TAP WATER
1,294,513 MJ
11,820 MJ E
HEATING
H 1,670,762 MJ
467,439 MJ
LT-CV / HT-CV
C
E
COOLING
357,512 MJ
62,669e MJ
Tap water
70˚C 40˚C
HT-CV HT-CV
OUT IN
Dual pass
exchanger
12˚C 40˚C 35˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT OUT IN IN
floor heating/cooling
70˚C 40˚C 12˚C 70˚C 40˚C 21˚C
LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV LT-CV
OUT IN OUT OUT IN IN
flue gas
outlet
THERM-PANELS
307,047 MJ H 1,460,870 MJ
946,989 MJ condenser
PV-PANELS
E 1,204,526 MJ
C1 HEAT
C2
PUMP
evaporator
GAS
ENGINE
12˚C 12˚C 6˚C 21˚C
STS STS STS STS
IN IN UIT UIT
Avoided use Surplus Electircity Gas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
636,733 MJ 2,331,071 MJ 1,163,539 MJ 1,671,696 MJ
Electricity export Heat Cold Thermal export
897,479 MJ 1,353,394 MJ 80,198 MJ 80,198 MJ
120

121. BRE | Balance
Primary energy consumption 2935 GJ
Avoided energy consumption (nEPus) - 637 GJ
Energy production - uptake (EPus) - 307 GJ
Energy production - export (EPexp) - 2331 GJ
Energy performance (EPtot) - 340 GJ
Specific EP per m2 (13600 m2) -25 GJ
121

122. BRE | Balance
Primary energy consumption 2935 GJ
Avoided energy consumption (nEPus) - 637 GJ
Energy production - uptake (EPus) - 307 GJ
Energy production - export (EPexp) - 2331 GJ
Energy performance (EPtot) - 340 GJ
Specific EP per m2 (13600 m2) -25 GJ
EPC -0.07 MJ
EPC-requirement 0.6 MJ
122

123. BRE | Balance
2935 GJ
-340 GJ
3275 GJ
Enough to compensate for the URE and MRE?
123

124. ENERGY BALANCE
2935 GJ Consumption
63.5%
Tap water (27%)
Lichting (11%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
1094 GJ 1347 GJ
23.7%
Water (8%)
592 GJ
12.8%
Heating (43%)
Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%) -307 GJ
Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
-637 GJ
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
-2331 GJ
124

125. ENERGY BALANCE
2935 GJ Consumption
63.5%
Tap water (27%)
Lichting (11%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
1094 GJ 1347 GJ
23.7%
Water (8%)
592 GJ
12.8%
Heating (43%)
Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%) -307 GJ
Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
-637 GJ
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
-2331 GJ
125

126. ENERGY BALANCE
2935 GJ Consumption
63.5%
Tap water (27%)
Lichting (11%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
1094 GJ 1347 GJ
23.7%
Water (8%)
592 GJ
12.8%
Heating (43%)
Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%) -307 GJ
Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
-637 GJ
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
-2331 GJ
126

127. ENERGY BALANCE
2935 GJ Consumption Production
63.5%
Tap water (27%)
Lichting (11%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
1094 GJ 1347 GJ
23.7%
Water (8%)
592 GJ
12.8%
Heating (43%)
Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%) -307 GJ
Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
-637 GJ
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
-2331 GJ
127

128. ENERGY BALANCE
2935 GJ Consumption Production Balance
63.5%
Tap water (27%)
Lichting (11%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
1094 GJ 1347 GJ
23.7%
Water (8%)
592 GJ
12.8%
Heating (43%)
Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%) -307 GJ
Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
-637 GJ
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
-2331 GJ
128

129. ENERGY BALANCE
MRE: 13% BRE: 63%
%
: 24
URE
70%
Energy Ne ut r al
How to bridge 30% energy shortage
129

130. ENERGY BALANCE
• Less energy consumption
130

131. ENERGY BALANCE
• Less energy consumption
• More efficient building services
131

132. ENERGY BALANCE
• Less energy consumption
• More efficient building services
• More energy production on site
132

133. ENERGY BALANCE
• Less energy consumption
• More efficient building services
• More energy production on site
PV-panels:
• 2000 m2 = 374 MWh = 1350 GJ (240 wp/m2)
133

134. ENERGY BALANCE
PV-panels:
• 2000 m2 = 374 mWh = 1350 GJ (240 wp/m2)
• 1748 m2 = 317 mWh = Shortage of 57 MWh
134

135. ENERGY BALANCE
• PV-panels: 4% more efficient
• Applied panel: 16% efficient
• Latest advances: 27% efficient
• Not yet available for commercial use
135

136. Main-question
Is it possible to transform the former tax
office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral
residential building?
136

137. Main-question
Is it possible to transform the former tax
office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral
residential building?
Answer
It is not yet possible if all energy streams
are included, but future improvements in
technology should make it possible
137

138. Sub-question
Is new build more sustainable than
transformation in case of the former tax
office in Utrecht?
138

139. 1
Sustainability Report
Transformation 1
SSH Transformation
SSH
Scenarios
2
1 Transformation 2
Benraad
Transformation Transformation
SSH Benraad
3
2 Demolition /
3
New build
Transformation Demolition /
Benraad New build
139

140. 1
Sustainability Report
Transformation 1
SSH Transformation
SSH
Scenarios
2
1 Transformation 2
Benraad
Transformation Transformation
SSH Benraad
3
2 Demolition /
3
New build
Transformation Demolition /
Benraad New build
140

141. Environmental calculation
Index per module
264
Index
242
220
198
220
176
186
154 173
132
110 135
88
66
44
22
0
Materials Energy Water Total
141