The document discusses the evolution from self-sufficient domestic economic systems to modern exchange economies. It notes that the industrial revolution led to increased specialization and division of labor through the use of machinery. This allowed individuals to specialize in specific tasks and exchange goods and services, rather than each person fulfilling all production needs themselves. As a result, exchange-oriented economies developed where people produce what they do best and trade for other goods and services, including money. Overall the industrial revolution transformed economies from self-sufficient to interdependent exchange systems.