Tourism to the Pacific is increasing and will be a key driver of economic growth in the coming decade. Yet despite more visitors to the Pacific, tourism growth is not inevitable for all countries in the region.
This brief identifies the trends driving this increase. To secure and sustainably harness the benefits of this growth, this brief recommends that Pacific island countries create an enabling environment for tourism through interventions in four areas:
tourism policy, strategy, and the regulatory environment; infrastructure; human resources; and product development and marketing.
Tugas Geografi Pariwisata
UNWTO 2011
By : Amelia Suhandri / 14045015
Pendidikan Geografi 2014
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial ( FIS )
Universitas Negeri Padang ( UNP )
UNWTO Tourism Highlights is a World
Tourism Organization publication, which aims
to provide an overview of international
tourism trends during the year prior to its
date of publication. For individual countries
and territories it reflects data as reported by
national or international institutions up until
May 2014. For information on current
short-term tourism data and trends, please
refer to the UNWTO World Tourism
Barometer at: mkt.unwto.org/en/barometer.
Investment and sustainable development of tourism in kosovo (4)nakije.kida
Investments in sustainable tourism development could be one of the ways to increase the
participation of Kosovo in the global economy by facilitating poverty, in particular through the
creation of employment in micro, small and medium enterprises. Defects in terms of necessary
physical infrastructure, marketing and availability of appropriately qualified human resources are
elements which hinder the sustainable development of tourism. Kosovo promotion at national
and international level would have major effects on the information of tourists. Micro-credits
from micro financial institutions of tourism sector, small enterprises and tourist agencies
together, stimulate tourism and strengthen the link with the other economic sectors. Attracting
investments in tourism, especially FDI, strengthens the link between tourism and organic and
crafts products in Kosovo as a small landlocked country. Attracting tourists in Kosovo will boost
the economy but at the same time, if not well managed, it will have negative impact on the
environment. Tourists are interested in the social, cultural, and environmental issues of the
country they want to visit. They should have knowledge about destination choice,
accommodation, travel, food, markets and the friendly behaviour of Kosovo residents.
Inseparability of production and consumption in space as well as in time make the development
of the green tourism even more necessary. To recover the quality of air, water, food, parks, hotel
environment, countryside beauty areas, investments are necessary, especially those from foreign
sources which are not considered as a debt because Kosovo has insufficient resources to invest.
Diaspora should also be targeted as a significant segment of the market growth, and household
income.
Key words: Touristic investments, tourism
Tugas Geografi Pariwisata
UNWTO 2011
By : Amelia Suhandri / 14045015
Pendidikan Geografi 2014
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial ( FIS )
Universitas Negeri Padang ( UNP )
UNWTO Tourism Highlights is a World
Tourism Organization publication, which aims
to provide an overview of international
tourism trends during the year prior to its
date of publication. For individual countries
and territories it reflects data as reported by
national or international institutions up until
May 2014. For information on current
short-term tourism data and trends, please
refer to the UNWTO World Tourism
Barometer at: mkt.unwto.org/en/barometer.
Investment and sustainable development of tourism in kosovo (4)nakije.kida
Investments in sustainable tourism development could be one of the ways to increase the
participation of Kosovo in the global economy by facilitating poverty, in particular through the
creation of employment in micro, small and medium enterprises. Defects in terms of necessary
physical infrastructure, marketing and availability of appropriately qualified human resources are
elements which hinder the sustainable development of tourism. Kosovo promotion at national
and international level would have major effects on the information of tourists. Micro-credits
from micro financial institutions of tourism sector, small enterprises and tourist agencies
together, stimulate tourism and strengthen the link with the other economic sectors. Attracting
investments in tourism, especially FDI, strengthens the link between tourism and organic and
crafts products in Kosovo as a small landlocked country. Attracting tourists in Kosovo will boost
the economy but at the same time, if not well managed, it will have negative impact on the
environment. Tourists are interested in the social, cultural, and environmental issues of the
country they want to visit. They should have knowledge about destination choice,
accommodation, travel, food, markets and the friendly behaviour of Kosovo residents.
Inseparability of production and consumption in space as well as in time make the development
of the green tourism even more necessary. To recover the quality of air, water, food, parks, hotel
environment, countryside beauty areas, investments are necessary, especially those from foreign
sources which are not considered as a debt because Kosovo has insufficient resources to invest.
Diaspora should also be targeted as a significant segment of the market growth, and household
income.
Key words: Touristic investments, tourism
Tugas Geografi Pariwisata
UNWTO 2012
By : Amelia Suhandri / 14045015
Pendidikan Geografi RB
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial ( FIS )
Universitas Negeri Padang ( UNP )
Election Manifesto of Alain St.Ange, the Candidate from the Seychelles for SG...Alain St.Ange
UNWTO Elections 2017 for Secretary General - Alain St.Ange, the Seychelles Candidate
May 12 is the date when the World of Tourism will be choosing the new Secretary General for the UNWTO. Six candidates are in the running to take the top job in tourism and among them is Alain St.Ange, the Seychelles former Minister for Tourism, Civil Aviation, Ports and Marine.
"Tourism is too important to see countries playing politics with this coming election. The economies of so many countries depend on tourism and the livelihood of millions are also dependent of a consolidated tourism industry" said St.Ange in Addis Ababa where he is attending the CAF Meeting for Ministers of Tourism from Africa.
St.Ange has advocated for a Tourism for All approach aiming to remove all obstacles and discrimination in the tourism industry
Hospitality and Tourism is one of the world’s largest growing industries and it is a source
of income for many nations. Being people oriented business, Hospitality industry also gives several jobs that has helped rejuvenate local economies. Though, like other kinds of development, hospitality and tourism can also cause difficulties such as loss of cultural heritage, social dislocation, ecological degradation and economic dependence. In Nepal, the industry of hospitality and tourism is growing at a skyrocket pace as well as it also has tremendous probable development of tourism because of its unique cultural and natural heritage. Concerning this, the tourism policy has been created with a framework of: increasing foreign currency, augmenting national income and productivity, improving regional imbalances, creating employment opportunities and projecting the image of Nepal more aggressively in the international arena with the diversification and development of tourism and travel industries.
Tourism can be seen as one of the key industries in world as it contributes more than 10% in global economic output along with one out of ten jobs, (WTTC, n.d). This statement of World Travel & Tourism Council indicates the importance of tourism industry in world economy. In current scenario world tourism industry is booming and so as in Britain. It is the key competitor for this industry and rated 7th in the world for number of visitors as well as their spending.
This report will provide the understanding of the environment under which this industry operates. This report includes the study of history and structure of travel and tourism, national policies about this sector and effect of changes in policies. This study also includes impacts of industry developments as well as effects of supply and demand.
TOURISM: Sector Strategic Paper presentation ASCAME
Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes.
Objective - Develop a comprehensive and integrated strategy for the adoption of a road map, with a coordinated approach involving relevant actors.
A presentation delivered by Dr. Justin Ram, Director of Economics, CDB during the 47th Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors on May 24, 2017 in Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands.
Tugas Geografi Pariwisata
UNWTO 2012
By : Amelia Suhandri / 14045015
Pendidikan Geografi RB
Fakultas Ilmu Sosial ( FIS )
Universitas Negeri Padang ( UNP )
Election Manifesto of Alain St.Ange, the Candidate from the Seychelles for SG...Alain St.Ange
UNWTO Elections 2017 for Secretary General - Alain St.Ange, the Seychelles Candidate
May 12 is the date when the World of Tourism will be choosing the new Secretary General for the UNWTO. Six candidates are in the running to take the top job in tourism and among them is Alain St.Ange, the Seychelles former Minister for Tourism, Civil Aviation, Ports and Marine.
"Tourism is too important to see countries playing politics with this coming election. The economies of so many countries depend on tourism and the livelihood of millions are also dependent of a consolidated tourism industry" said St.Ange in Addis Ababa where he is attending the CAF Meeting for Ministers of Tourism from Africa.
St.Ange has advocated for a Tourism for All approach aiming to remove all obstacles and discrimination in the tourism industry
Hospitality and Tourism is one of the world’s largest growing industries and it is a source
of income for many nations. Being people oriented business, Hospitality industry also gives several jobs that has helped rejuvenate local economies. Though, like other kinds of development, hospitality and tourism can also cause difficulties such as loss of cultural heritage, social dislocation, ecological degradation and economic dependence. In Nepal, the industry of hospitality and tourism is growing at a skyrocket pace as well as it also has tremendous probable development of tourism because of its unique cultural and natural heritage. Concerning this, the tourism policy has been created with a framework of: increasing foreign currency, augmenting national income and productivity, improving regional imbalances, creating employment opportunities and projecting the image of Nepal more aggressively in the international arena with the diversification and development of tourism and travel industries.
Tourism can be seen as one of the key industries in world as it contributes more than 10% in global economic output along with one out of ten jobs, (WTTC, n.d). This statement of World Travel & Tourism Council indicates the importance of tourism industry in world economy. In current scenario world tourism industry is booming and so as in Britain. It is the key competitor for this industry and rated 7th in the world for number of visitors as well as their spending.
This report will provide the understanding of the environment under which this industry operates. This report includes the study of history and structure of travel and tourism, national policies about this sector and effect of changes in policies. This study also includes impacts of industry developments as well as effects of supply and demand.
TOURISM: Sector Strategic Paper presentation ASCAME
Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes.
Objective - Develop a comprehensive and integrated strategy for the adoption of a road map, with a coordinated approach involving relevant actors.
A presentation delivered by Dr. Justin Ram, Director of Economics, CDB during the 47th Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors on May 24, 2017 in Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands.
Presentation by Honourable Edmund Bartlett C.D., M.P., Minister of Tourism, Government of Jamaica at the seminar on the topic, 'Tourism Industry Reform: Strategies for Enhanced Economic Impact' on May 25, 2017 at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors in the Turks and Caicos Islands.
Key note address at Public Sector Capacity Building for Strategic Implementation of Tourism Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) in the CLMV region.Vientiane, Lao PDR. 3 – 5 May, 2017
Vanuatu is one of the fastest growing destinations in the Pacific. With nearly 50 percent of GDP generated by tourism, it is an essential sector. Not surprisingly, it is attracting investment. This brief summarizes some highlights for investors and operators.
For more information contact
Tatweej Protocol Division | Ms. Lemya Bouallagui @ +97150 7643178 | lemya@tatweej.org and/or GCC Market Partner Al-Khalijiah imc @ +9665 56542536 | info@alkhalijiah.net
Dear Authorities Officers and Tourism Leaders,
Under the umbrella and high patronage of the United Nation – World Tourism Organization, the Tatweej-Tourism Leaders Award 2014 is jointly organized by the Arab Organization for Social Responsibility and the Tatweej-Academy for Excellence Awards, on which London, United Kingdom will host the 2014 edition of this prestigious event at the LandMark hotel on Wednesday, August 20, 2014.
The TTLA2014 is an award-program that has been created to honor and shed the light on the tourism regional sector by providing a high-standard platform for the private and public sectors to celebrate their achievements and their essential role towards sustainable growth development. This vibrate platform vehicle groups top notch leaders from both sectors, distinguished leading Governments, Tourism Boards, Municipalities, Institutions and Leaders that play a significant role in the Mediterranean and Middle East tourism industry by promoting the countries’ culture and heritage and contributing to the development and growth of this vital industry across the region.
In this line, we encourage you to take the opportunity and be present to get recognized by the international authorities and maintain your market positioning among the international industry leaders and the high-caliber C-Level executives, investors and policy makers circle throughout this glamorous Grand Finale Ceremony and concurrent activities.
Consequently, and since the United Nation-WTO, Arab Organization for Social Responsibility and Tatweej-Academy for Excellence Awards are looking forward to assemble all the active leaders, investors and prominent organizations that are deeply involved in this vital issue, hence and on behalf of the organizers, I cordially invite you to take an active role in this magnitude red carpet event.
We are looking forward to welcome you at the LandMark Hotel next August, meanwhile please accept my best regards.
High-Level Thematic Event on Tourism - SUSTAINABILITY WEEK 2024- United Natio...Christina Parmionova
According to the UN Tourism, measuring the sustainability of tourism will improve policy action for sustainable development, and promote one common statistical language, which can be compared across countries and economic sectors, as well as ensure tourism is factored into national and international development frameworks. The Statistical Framework for Measuring Sustainability of Tourism (SF-MST), the sustainability indicators, form the foundation of a global approach towards evidence-based policies of sustainability of the global tourism sector.
The global economic recession has posed new challenges to the world coupled with the challenges of new energy technology in response to global warming has dwindled the economy of so many nations today. Particularly petro-mono economy countries like Nigeria whose revenue base depends mostly on proceeds from crude oil exportation. Overdependence on crude oil is a sign of blunt future consequentially if the oil mine dries up. What would be the fate of the economy? Therefore it is time for Nigeria to spread the tentacles of her economic prowess to other service sectors such as Tourism for sustainable economic exploitation. Tourism is one of the most promising drivers of growth for the world economy. As a development vehicle, tourism resources are inexhaustible unlike crude oil. Nigeria specifically Awka has vast tourism potentials awaiting development. Little wonder the administration of former President Olusegun Obansanjo the set machinery in motion to turn the sector into a major revenue earner. The machinery included the introduction of various festivals across the country for the promotion of its rich cultural heritage to woo foreign tourists. With her appealing tourism resources, this paper advocates the development and exploitation of these resources for wealth creation.
The first edition of the guide to “Essential China Travel Trends”, published by ChinaTravelTrends.com, and produced in collaboration between Dragon Trail, VariArts Travel Group, and GreenEarth.travel, is an attempt to reveal some of the critical trends, and pitfalls when trying to enter this market, and offers insights from practitioners in the industry. It includes topics such as Internet and Social Media, Distribution, Sustainability, Outbound and Domestic Tourism, MICE, as well as Hotel Development. http://www.ChinaTravelTrends.com - http://www.DragonTrail.com
Free Download at http://www.chinatraveltrends.com/resources/book/
Papua New Guinea Agritourism Policy Setting Workshop 2019
Policy setting for Improved Linkages Between Agriculture, Trade and Tourism:
Strengthening the Local Agrifood Sector and Promoting Healthy Food in Agritourism
Workshop organised by the Government of Papua New Guinea
in collaboration with and Pacific Community, CTA, PIPSO, IFAD and SPTO
Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, 27-28th May 2019.
Role of Tourism in Economic Development A Case Study of Koraput District of O...ijtsrd
Tourism and hospitality is an important parameter of socio cultural identity and heritage of a country. In the era of globalization tourism and hospitality enhances the economic growth by job creation, source of foreign exchange and development of regions with potential for tourism. According to World Travel and Tourism Council 2014 , the contribution of travel and tourism in world GDP is estimated to increase from 9.5 of GDP in 2013 to 10.3 of GDP in 2024 WTTC, 2014 .Tourism and hospitality industry contributes 6.8 of GDP of India, contributes 7.7 in total employment generated and provides foreign exchange of US 18.13 billion . The tourism and hospitality sector is the third largest source of foreign exchange for India. The investment in tourism creates more jobs as compared to other sectors of economy. An investment of Rs. 10 lakh in tourism sector is estimated to create 89 jobs in hospitality industry as compared to 45 jobs in agriculture and 13 jobs in manufacturing sector Planning Commission .Hotel industry generates revenues of US 400 500 billion annually. In India tourism and hospitality has emerged as a sunrise industry with rise in number of foreign tourists. Shri Arun Kumar Tripathy | Shri Kishore Kumar Patra "Role of Tourism in Economic Development: A Case Study of Koraput District of Odisha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47833.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/47833/role-of-tourism-in-economic-development-a-case-study-of-koraput-district-of-odisha/shri-arun-kumar-tripathy
Marketing Strategy for New Zealand 2015. Very interesting focus on two main points: KAITIAKITANGA means guardianship, care and protection. It provides a basis for our
approach to sustainably managing our natural, cultural, and built environment for current
and future generations.
MANAAKITANGA:implies a reciprocal responsibility upon a host, and an invitation to a
visitor to experience the very best we have to offer. Applying these values throughout the
Strategy reflects our intention to move forward together, based on a shared and uniquely
New Zealand approach.
Very nice StudyCase for Those Countries with natural resources that need to work in a sustainable way.
Indo Africa Times, a weekly newspaper has its key intend to create extensive awareness amongst people about Africa and India concerning different sectors like economy, politics, culture, fashion, sports and many more. It is our sincere endeavor to bridge the information gap between Africa and India by endowing our readers with updated and latest developments occurring in both the countries.
Financial Management IPage 2 of 2Individual PresentationsChereCheek752
Financial Management I Page 2 of 2
Individual Presentations
Caribbean Economic Development
Instructions:
Students are to select two Caribbean nations to compare and contrast. Power point Presentation should be only fifteen (15) minutes long.
Tourism Industry: Strategy for Growth and Development
1. explain the term tourism – international and domestic
2. identify the linkages across the economy with tourism
agriculture, transport, attractions (tourism multiplier concept)
3. evaluate the negatives behind the current tourism models on the region
4. assess the contribution of tourism to the region’s growth and development
Content:
1. Tourism - definition and meaning
2. Tourism multiplier linkages – foreign exchange, employment, all the direct and indirect gains
3. Costs of tourism – environmental, social (gambling, prostitution, HIV/AIDS, tourism
harassment)
4. Community tourism vs all-inclusive model of tourism other tourism niche areas (eco-tourism)
GUIDELINES FOR Presentations
The following governing conditions apply to the Presentation:
· The title page is to include the following in the order specified:
1/ Name of Education Institution (at top of page)
2/ Title of Course and Course code
3/ Name of Students and ID numbers
4/ Title of Project
5/ Date submitted
6/ Name of Lecturer.
· Reference page (APA Format)
· Font Size: No less than 18 pt.
· Font Style: Times New Roman
End of Assignment
CARIBBEAN ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
ECON 3501
UNIT 9 –TOURISM INDUSTRY: STRATEGY FOR GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
RESOURCE MATERIALS
Levitt, Kari; Witter, Michael (1996). The Critical Tradition of Caribbean
Political Economy: The Legacy of George Beckford. Kingston. Ian
Randle Publishers
Beckford; George (2000) Persistent Poverty; Underdevelopment in the
Plantation Economies of the Third World. UWI Press.
Todaro Michael & Smith Stephen; C. (2011) 11 th Ed. Economic
Development. Pearson Education & Addison- Wesley
Bhagwati Jagdish (2004). In Defence of Globalization, Oxford University
Press
Blackman; Courtney. (2005). The Practice of Economic Management:
Caribbean Perspective Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers
United Nations- UNDP, Human Development Report. World Bank-
World Development Report
2
TOURISM
Tourism is a collection of activities, services and industries which
deliver a travel experience comprising transportation,
accommodation, eating and drinking establishments, retail
shops, entertainment businesses and other hospitality services
provided for individuals or groups traveling away from home.
Tourism is different from travel.
In order for tourism to happen, there must be a displacement:
an individual has to travel, using any type of means of
transportation (he might even travel on foot: nowadays, it is
often the case for poorer societies, and happens even in more
developed ones, and concerns pilgrims, hikers etc.).
3
TOURISM
Tourist - A visitor who travels to a country other than that ...
Similar to Tourism as a Driver of Growth in the Pacific: A Pathway to Growth & Prosperity for Pacific Island Countries (20)
Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank Introduce New Co-Branded Credit Cardnickysharmasucks
The unveiling of the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card marks a notable milestone in the Indian financial landscape, showcasing a successful partnership between two leading institutions, Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank. This co-branded credit card not only offers users a plethora of benefits but also reflects a commitment to innovation and adaptation. With a focus on providing value-driven and customer-centric solutions, this launch represents more than just a new product—it signifies a step towards redefining the banking experience for millions. Promising convenience, rewards, and a touch of luxury in everyday financial transactions, this collaboration aims to cater to the evolving needs of customers and set new standards in the industry.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
NO1 Uk Black Magic Specialist Expert In Sahiwal, Okara, Hafizabad, Mandi Bah...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
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Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Tourism as a Driver of Growth in the Pacific: A Pathway to Growth & Prosperity for Pacific Island Countries
1. TOURISM AS A
DRIVER OF GROWTH
IN THE PACIFIC
A PATHWAY TO GROWTH AND PROSPERITY
FOR PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES
ISSUES IN PACIFIC DEVELOPMENT
No. 2 | June 2018
Hayden Everett, Dain Simpson, and Scott Wayne
2. 2 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
Tourism to the Pacific is increasing and will be a key driver of economic growth in the
coming decade. Yet despite more visitors to the Pacific, tourism growth is not inevitable
for all countries in the region.
This brief identifies the trends driving this increase. To secure and sustainably
harness the benefits of this growth, this brief recommends that Pacific island countries
create an enabling environment for tourism through interventions in four areas:
tourism policy, strategy, and the regulatory environment; infrastructure; human
resources; and product development and marketing.
KEY FINDINGS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
TOURISM IN THE PACIFIC
International arrivals to six Pacific countries* grew almost 50% between 2005
and 2015, with the growth in arrivals expected to accelerate in the decade to follow
*Cook Islands, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu
2005 2015 2025
875,000 1,310,000
The sustainability of Pacific tourism is dependent on national
investments to protect the “triple bottom line of sustainability”:
Opportunities for regional cooperation include:
environmental and
natural assets
financial and economic stability
improved air connectivity
exchanging best practices on
infrastructure development
marketing and
market research
sociocultural assets
?
INVESTMENT CENTRENATIONAL LENDING BANK
*Cook Islands, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu
3. 3
CONTENTS
5 Introduction
8 Tourism Growth Drivers and Prospects
8 Demand
8 Supply
11 Making Tourism Work
12 Tourism Policy, Regulatory
Environment, and Strategy
13 Infrastructure
15 Human Resources
17 Marketing and Product Development
17 Waterfront Developments
19 Private Sector Participation and
Public-Private Partnerships
20 The Way Forward
AUTHORS:
HAYDEN EVERETT is a Senior Country Specialist with ADB’s Pacific Liaison
and Coordination Office in Sydney, Australia. He has worked on development projects
across the Pacific in governance, financial management, and capacity building,
including for the last 8 years with ADB.
DAIN SIMPSON is a specialist in tourism development in the Pacific
islands. He has broad experience at both the national level and with individual
development initiatives.
SCOTT WAYNE is a specialist in sustainable destination development.
He has conducted more than 50 destination and tourism development projects
in over 40 countries for international organizations, governments, and private
sector organizations.
COVER PHOTO COURTESY OF COOK ISLANDS TOURISM CORPORATION
4. 4 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
Tourism will be
a key source of
employment and
income growth,
as well as poverty
alleviation.
CREATING MARKET OPPORTUNITIES.
Tourists browse handicrafts during a tour in
Papua New Guinea (photo courtesy of Papua
New Guinea Tourism Promotion Authority).
5. 5
INTRODUCTION
T
ourism will be one of the most important drivers of economic growth in the
Pacific over the next decade. The demand for authentic cultural and natural
experiences has been increasing globally, particularly among the island countries
of the Pacific. Several of these Pacific island countries are already developing their
assets and experiences into growing tourism sectors (Table 1).
As a key source of employment and income in Pacific island countries tourism
is pivotal to poverty alleviation. Tourism sector development offers Pacific island
countries a path to economic security that dovetails with broader development goals
around infrastructure and employment.
Table 1: Key Drivers of Tourism in the Pacific
DEMAND SUPPLY
Economic growth in Australia and
New Zealand fueling increased
Pacific tourism
New air carriers, hotel brands, and
cruise lines responding to demand
Improved air access, product offers,
and marketing
A greater number of special
experiences being developed to meet
customer demand
Increased demand for Pacific cruises Pacific governments taking proactive
strategic approaches to tourism
The purpose of this paper—a first for ADB in the Pacific—is to highlight the trends
and opportunities driving tourism growth, as well as to outline the challenges that
need to be addressed. It calls for improvements to infrastructure and the creation of
coherent tourism strategies that are well-integrated with national development plans.
By identifying the emerging challenges and opportunities, it is hoped this paper will
help Pacific island countries design and implement strategies to capture and maximize
the benefits of tourism and do so sustainably.1
Success in utilizing tourism as an engine for sustainable growth and development
varies from country to country. This is due, in part, to the existence of national tourism
strategies and policies, and how they are implemented. Implementation, in turn, affects
developments and pressure points in critical infrastructure, competitive product
offers, as well as marketing, access to research, human resource capacity building, and
investment at a country level.
1
This policy brief summarizes the results of diagnostic work undertaken by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in 2016 and 2017. It looks at
opportunities for ADB, working with other development partners, to contribute to the development of tourism in the Pacific, both on a regional
basis and at a country level.
Source: Authors’ research.
6. 6 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
Tourism is one of the world’s fastest-growing industries and an increasingly
important source of employment for many countries. According to the United Nations
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), tourism grew by an average of 3.9% annually
from 2005 to 2015, and generated 1.23 billion international arrivals and $1.26 trillion
in international tourism receipts in 2016.2
The World Travel & Tourism Council’s data
shows that the industry generated 298 million jobs worldwide in 2016 (nearly 10% of all
employment), and will climb steadily to nearly 381 million jobs in the following decade.
As the number of people able to travel has increased, types of international holidays
have grown. 3
According to the Germany-based tourism research consultancy IPK
International, in their 2015–2016 Internationale Tourismus-Börse (ITB) World Travel
Trends Report:
More and more people are travelling abroad on holiday, with 34%
growth between 2007 and 2014. Cruise holidays have boomed with a
dynamic 248% increase over the seven years while city trips have soared
by 82% to reach a 22% share of all holidays. In comparison, sun & beach
holidays grew by 39% between 2007 and 2014 and make up 29% of all
holidays. Tours have grown more slowly by 21%, and make up 20% of all
holiday trips.
In six Pacific countries examined by ADB, international arrivals and receipts (two of
the main measures of tourism growth) increased by at least 30% and 50%, respectively,
OFFERING UNIQUE EXPERIENCES.
The sun sets over the ocean in Kimbe,
Papua New Guinea (photo by ADB).
7. 7
Pacific island countries share
common visitor experiences:
beautiful beaches, corals, and
marine life; accommodating
cultures; friendly people;
personal safety; and fascinating
natural environments.
They also share challenges.
from 2005 to 2015 (Table 2). Fiji, with its established network of resorts and beach
attractions, dominated the market, while Solomon Islands received just over 20,000
international visitors.
2
UNWTO. 2017. UNWTO World Tourism Barometer. Madrid. Latest data available.
3
IIPK International. 2015. ITB World Travel Trends Report 2015/2016. Berlin. Internationale Tourismus-Börse Berlin, known as ITB Berlin, is the
world’s largest tourism trade fair.
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization; and individual national tourism data.
Table 2: Total International Arrivals to Six Pacific Island Countries, 2005
and 2015 (‘000)
COUNTRY 2005 2015 % CHANGE
Cook Islands 88 125 42.0
Fiji 545 755 38.5
Papua New Guinea 69 184 166.6
Samoa 102 134 31.3
Solomon Islands 9 22 144.4
Vanuatu 62 90 45.2
Total 875 1,310 49.7
8. 8 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
TOURISM GROWTH
DRIVERS AND PROSPECTS
Based on several demand and supply factors that have driven tourism growth in the
Pacific, prospects are promising for continued and sustainable growth.
Demand
As economies and incomes in the Pacific have continued to grow, especially in the
main generating markets of Australia and New Zealand, tourism has also continued
to grow. Outbound tourism demand from New Zealand to Pacific island countries
grew 8.7% per year from 2014 to 2016. In Australia, the number of ocean cruise
passengers grew 21% from 2015 to 2016 to 1,281,159, 42% of whom went to the south
Pacific.5
Prospects are also promising from other generating markets, particularly
the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the United States, as well as from other
dynamic economies, such as Canada and the Republic of Korea, and from Southeast
Asian countries.
Tourism demand from the PRC is growing throughout the world, with more than 74
million outbound travelers in 2015. While only 363,000 of these visited the Pacific, this
figure is growing rapidly; between 2012 and 2016 Chinese arrivals grew 59% (to 12,937)
in Papua New Guinea (PNG), 53% (to 49,083) in Fiji, and sevenfold (to 64,995) in
Palau.6
A recent World Bank report suggested the PRC could provide more than a
quarter of all visitors to the Pacific by 2026.7
Improved access, greater product diversity, increased marketing, and a safe
visitor environment in the Pacific are all helping to drive growing demand from
international markets.
Cruising has grown impressively in the region. The number of Australians taking
international cruises has grown an average of 19.2% per year since 2006, while the
number of New Zealanders doing so increased 65% between 2012 and 2017. In 2015,
384,000 Australians took a south Pacific cruise. Vanuatu has become a major cruise
destination, with more than 200,000 passenger visitors in 2015 (up 69% from 2014)
and 256,000 in 2016; and PNG is growing, with 14 different ports of call used by
leading regional cruise provider Carnival Cruise Line.
Supply
Air and cruise access has increased throughout the Pacific, with new carriers operating
from Australia and New Zealand. New routes are being opened by regional carriers,
5
Cruise Lines International Association. 2016. Cruise Industry Source Market Report: Ocean Cruise Passengers Australia 2016. Sydney.
6
UNWTO. 2018. UNWTO World Tourism Barometer Vol. 16 – Advance Release.
7
World Bank. 2016. Tourism. Pacific Possible. Washington, DC.
8
In a protective measure to ensure Fiji Airways remains profitable, Fiji has not signed the Pacific Islands Air Services Agreement, which would
establish ‘open skies’ for all Pacific island countries.
9. 9
Air Niugini, and Fiji Airways,8
including flights from the PRC and Singapore, enabling
travel from important new markets. Peak season charter flights from the PRC to
Fiji have been particularly successful. Elsewhere, subsidized air connections by the
Government of the Cook Islands has been successful in retaining existing northern
hemisphere markets and opening up new source markets.
Hotel options have expanded, especially in Fiji, which has attracted more arrivals
than all the other receiving countries combined. International hotels chains now have
a major presence in the region, which in turn helps attract more visitors. Fiji has hotels
from seven major chains, PNG has hotels from two, and Samoa and Vanuatu each
have hotels from one major chain.
More focus has been placed on contemporary and competitively priced visitor
experiences—especially adventure, ecotourism, and culture—based on substantial
natural and cultural heritage assets, although many of these have yet to be developed
to full potential.
There is a shortage of investment funds for major new tourism development and
for refurbishment and upgrading facilities in the Pacific. Interest rates in Pacific island
countries are comparatively high. While the sector attracts some investors from New
Zealand and the PRC (specifically in Vanuatu), there is little investment from outside
Cruise tourism has
grown impressively
in the Pacific region.
SUPPORTING LOCAL EMPLOYMENT.
Tourists are taken on a traditional canoe journey during a cruise
stopover in Papua New Guinea (photo courtesy of Papua New
Guinea Tourism Promotion Authority).
10. 10 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
the region. In Fiji, properties have been developed through retail investment, and in Fiji,
PNG, and Samoa major developments have been funded by national pension funds.
There has been some cross-border investment within the region, but funding future
growth remains problematic.
The receiving countries have progressively taken a more strategic approach in
responding to the growing demand. In varying degrees, they are pursuing demand-
driven tourism development and investment via stronger efforts to launch tourism
strategies, plans, and policies. These efforts, some of which are assisted by
development partners, are improving their capacity to research, analyze, and respond
to tourism demand. Vanuatu and Fiji, for example, have been expanding their research
to better target generating markets and respond with improved product development.
To sustain and maximize the benefits of this growth over the next decade, individual
Pacific island countries will need to direct resources to securing the benefits of
Receiving countries are pursuing
demand-driven tourism development and
investment via stronger efforts to launch
tourism strategies, plans, and policies.
11. 11
increased tourism. This can be accomplished by improving infrastructure, developing
human resources, encouraging new experiences, strengthening marketing, coordinating
the resources of governments for an optimal policy and regulatory environment, and
offering attractive investment frameworks.
MAKING TOURISM WORK
Despite recent progress, tourism growth in the Pacific cannot be taken for granted
and assumed as inevitable. Tourism does not grow automatically without an enabling
environment of public and private sector interventions. These interventions comprise
strategies and actions in four critical development areas: (i) tourism policy, regulatory
environment, and strategy; (ii) infrastructure; (iii) human resources; and (iv) marketing
and product development.
THE NEED FOR ENABLING INFRASTRUCTURE.
Tourists board a local flight in Papua New Guinea
(photo courtesy of Papua New Guinea
Tourism Promotion Authority).
12. 12 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
Tourism Policy, Regulatory Environment, and Strategy
Policy, regulatory environment, and strategy guide tourism development overall,
particularly in relation to the multiple stakeholders and interests from the other
three development areas, as well as other industry sectors, such as agriculture and
transportation. Countries may succeed without cohesive tourism strategies, but having
a strategy and plan in place helps maximize the benefits and sustainability of tourism.
When these elements are missing, or lacking in implementation, the effectiveness of
other development areas, such as infrastructure, is diminished.
For example, improving a secondary airport alone—without undertaking marketing
to attract more airlines and flights, expanding accommodation for more visitors, and
identifying experiences to offer visitors—would be an incomplete solution. Regulatory
issues such as building safety, food preparation standards, and labor protections—
among others—also feature as important pieces of tourism policy and strategy. Small
island destinations, whether in the Pacific, the Caribbean, or the Indian Ocean, are
particularly affected by incomplete strategies.
A national tourism policy is particularly important in that it guides decision-making
by the tourism administration and other government agencies, as well as by the private
sector. A tourism policy is often included as part of the country’s national tourism
strategy and/or master plan. PNG, for example, set its tourism policy in 2006 within
Having a strategy
and plan in place helps
maximize the benefits
and sustainability
of tourism.
9
Government of Papua New Guinea. 2006. Papua New Guinea Tourism Sector Review and Master Plan. (2007–2017). Port Moresby.
10
Government of Fiji. 2017. Fijian Tourism 2021. Suva (draft).
CAPITALIZING ON NATURAL BEAUTY.
Tourist lodges on the beach of Lalomanu
Village, Samoa (photo by ADB).
13. 13
its national tourism master plan, which provided a 10-year road map on developing
the sector through interlinked strategies and recommendations.9
In Fiji, a similar road
map was recently included in the country’s draft plan, Fijian Tourism 2021, which
specifies nine thematic areas and 29 strategies to address the country’s challenges and
sustainably grow tourism. 10
Most of the other Pacific island countries where tourism is
recognized as a sector for economic growth also have similar national tourism policies
and strategies or master plans.
Developing a tourism policy and strategy is, however, only part of the tourism
development challenges. Putting the policy into practice and implementing the strategy
can be even more challenging aspects. Since tourism depends on many other sectors,
and thus nearly every government agency, coordinating this diverse set of interests
and budgeting toward the most effective possible actions are considerable challenges.
These challenges cannot be effectively addressed without private sector investment
and operational involvement. It is equally important that tourism features as part of
a country’s national development strategy and plans. External assistance can bring a
fresh perspective and help implement this complicated process.
Development partners, such as the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and
Trade and the World Bank, have stepped in to assist some Pacific island countries with
developing strategies and the governance structures needed for their implementation.
In Vanuatu, for example, the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade has
been assisting with the development and implementation of the Vanuatu Strategic
Tourism Action Plan, 2013–2018, which in turn is in line with Vanuatu 2030, the
country’s new National Sustainable Development Plan and the 2012 Trade Policy
Framework.11
Similarly, in Samoa, the country’s Tourism Sector Plan supports its
Strategy for the Development of Samoa.12
Infrastructure
Tourism growth is generating pressure on existing public infrastructure in the Pacific,
particularly airports, cruise ship ports, roads, energy, water, and waste management.
In the Cook Islands, where tourism accounts for approximately 70% of GDP, tourism-
related demand accounts for 80% of energy consumption, and the country has one
of the highest electricity tariffs in the region. Water and wastewater management
are subject to major investment programs, in part to meet demand, in part to protect
precious tourist resources such as Muri Lagoon. In PNG, the Asian Development Bank
(ADB) is financing a comprehensive national airport development program to expand
safe and secure access to centers throughout the country that are inaccessible by road.
ADB has also been providing transaction advisory services in PNG to develop a new
international terminal at Port Moresby International Airport through a public-private
partnership (PPP). In Solomon Islands, the Ministry of Development Planning and
11
Government of Vanuatu. 2013. Vanuatu Strategic Tourism Action Plan. 2014–2018. Port Vila.
12
Government of Samoa. 2014. Samoa Tourism Sector Plan. 2014–2019. Apia.
14. 14 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
Aid Coordination and the Ministry of Infrastructure Development have long lists of
priority projects for improved airports, roads, wharves, water and sanitation, solid waste
management, energy, and information and communication technology.
In every developing country in the Pacific region, infrastructure needs to meet
the basic requirements of local people are extensive. Broad investment is needed in
infrastructure that will enable this while helping sustainably grow the tourism sector.
Ideally, the private sector could play a critical role in helping to finance infrastructure,
but this may require the development of PPPs and concession agreements. Sometimes,
as in the case of airports, opportunities could exist for private sector ownership and/
or management. There are many global examples of international airport companies
investing in airports in developing countries. Singapore-based Changi Airports
International, Spain’s AENA, Frankfurt-based FRAPORT, and Turkey’s TAV all own
and/or operate numerous airports outside their home countries. Cruise ports also
offer opportunities for private sector development. In Vanuatu, for example, Royal
PRESSURE ON EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE.
Taxis wait to collect passengers disembarking at the
port in Honiara, Solomon Islands (photo by ADB).
15. 15
Caribbean International financed a common-use jetty for passenger transfers on
Mystery Island that accommodated larger vessels and increased economic benefits for
the country.
To ensure sustainability and maximum benefits for each country as tourism demand
grows throughout the Pacific, infrastructure will need to keep pace, both to facilitate
and stimulate the growth, as well as to manage and help sustain the growth. Inadequate
infrastructure—whether it is electricity supply, air connectivity, waste management,
and/or visitor facilities—could stymie or even reverse growth.
Human Resources and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
Increased employment demand is a key outcome of tourism growth. This presents
opportunities for the Pacific as new hotels and cruise ship companies seek more
staff. This often results, however, in imported labor. In the Cook Islands, for example,
The distribution policy balances the
need for stable budget financing with
the desire to safeguard the real value
of the fund.
As tourism demand grows
throughout the Pacific,
infrastructure will need to
keep pace, both to facilitate
and stimulate the growth, as
well as to manage and help
sustain growth.
16. 16 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
experienced staff from Fiji and the Philippines make up a significant share of the hotel
labor force because the Cook Islands resident population of approximately 11,700
cannot provide sufficient workers. Palau faces a similar problem of a population
too small to provide enough people trained in hospitality. However, with improved
tourism training and education, countries with high unemployment, such as Samoa
and Solomon Islands, could increase the proportion of positions met by local staff and
potentially provide staff for other Pacific island countries. The Government of Australia
has established a network of training centers through the Australia Pacific Technical
College, which operates high-level hospitality and food service training, but these
training centers cannot meet the increasing demand for staff, particularly quality chefs.
Additional training resources are a priority for the region.
Increased employment
demand is a key outcome
of tourism growth.
MULTIPLE BENEFITS OF WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT.
A street vendor sells water on the Dili waterfront (photo by ADB).
17. 17
A practical application of dedicated tourism infrastructure to generate experiences
that attract visitors is the development of foreshore or waterfront sites. While often
orientated toward the cruise market, by helping cultivate destination popularity,
waterfront developments draw all kinds of tourists as well as residents. Waterfront
development allows for the creation of more appealing and accessible attractions such
as restaurants, marketplaces, promenades, and accommodation. Along with increased
recreation opportunities for both visitors and residents, these developments boost
opportunities for local businesses.
In some Pacific destinations, well-established, centrally located traditional
marketplaces offer a colorful local cultural experience for visitors. For local artisans and
food producers, these marketplaces provide access to international visitors. Improved
waterfront facilities will encourage growing numbers of cruise tourists to go ashore,
experience the local atmosphere, and visit marketplaces, as well as other shopping and
sightseeing attractions, in addition to the option of taking a day tour.
There are many global examples of successful waterfront developments creating
significant visitor attractions. In the Pacific, the Government of New Zealand-funded
development of the Port Vila waterfront has created an attractive environment for cruise
visitors and local residents, and waterfront developments are also planned for Apia,
Samoa. These complement major initiatives supported by other development partners
to establish new port infrastructure in Luganville, Vanuatu, where the Government of the
People’s Republic of China funded construction of a new wharf and cruise terminal, and
in Port Vila, Vanuatu, where the Government of Japan funded construction of additional
wharf facilities.
There are similar opportunities in other Pacific waterfront cities, such as Honiara
or Suva, where cruise port-appeal could be further enhanced, and visitor spending
increased, by developing the waterfront to better meet the needs of the cruise visitor
market. Coupled with marketing to promote the waterfront as a visitor destination, such
developments will draw visitors and create new business opportunities for local traders.
MAKING TOURISM WORK: WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENTS
Marketing and Product Development
Market- or demand-based development is a key path to increased competitiveness
for the entire region. A key constraint has been research capacity to provide the
data necessary for targeted development and marketing. The International Finance
Corporation has been assisting Pacific island countries with implementing visitor
departure surveys, an essential tool in measuring visitor characteristics. The South
Pacific Tourism Organisation has undertaken market surveys, but further support is
needed to use the data more effectively and to undertake deeper research now that
the initial data sources exist.
Source: Authors’ research.
18. 18 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
Pacific tourism depends
on a triple bottom
line of sustainability:
sociocultural assets,
environmental assets,
and financial stability.
DRAWING ON SOCIOCULTURAL ASSETS.
A child plays on a beach on the outskirts of
Honiara (photo by ADB).
19. 19
While the Pacific has natural and cultural assets that are well-recognized, the
preservation and protection of these assets are a priority in an age of increasing
homogenization of visitor experiences. Sustainability is a Pacific-wide priority
because the cultural differentiation of each country distinguishes the Pacific from
competing small island destinations in other regions. Armed with richer visitor
data, Pacific island countries can leverage their cultural differentiation, develop
and match tourism experiences for key generating markets, and more effectively
grow market share.
PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION
AND PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS
Private sector participation is essential to developing and sustaining competitive
tourism destinations around the world. Governments alone cannot drive, or
fund, tourism sector development, while the private sector needs help navigating
regulations and accessing resources—especially land and infrastructure. As
emphasized by the UNWTO, while tourism is mainly a private sector activity,
it nonetheless requires government support to foster a political and business
environment conducive to growth.13
Integral to this is ensuring that investors can develop and operate profitable
tourism businesses. Without private capital invested in accommodation, other
facilities, and services for visitors, there is little point developing and marketing
a country’s tourism attractions. Yet to create an environment conducive to
private sector investment in tourism, governments need to provide infrastructure
necessary for tourism activities; basic health, safety, and security services;
and effective management of public lands, such as beaches, mountains, and
national parks.
Increasingly in the Pacific, governments and the private sector are coming
together through PPPs to develop new infrastructure for transport and tourism,
to manage facilities such as ports, or to create new employment opportunities.
UNWTO cites an example from Vanuatu, where the Government of Vanuatu
discounted Carnival Cruises’ port fees in return for the cruise line training and
employing a quota of ni-Vanuatu on its ships. After launching the partnership, a
need for improved employee preparation prior to commencing employment was
identified and has been provided through the Australia-Pacific Technical College
in Port Vila.
13
UNWTO. 2015. Public-Private Partnerships: Tourism Development. Madrid.
20. 20 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
THE WAY FORWARD
Pacific tourism depends on a triple bottom line of sustainability: sociocultural assets,
environmental and/or natural assets, and financial and/or economic assets. Investing in
the triple bottom line also helps strengthen resilience to the threats of climate change.
In looking to the future, Pacific island countries must address several shared challenges:
Elevate Tourism Planning
They must ensure that the enabling environment and the investment climate for
tourism are optimized through interagency and public–private sector coordination.
Tourism must be integrated with public policy and within the operating plans of
national ministries and agencies, and provincial and local governments.
Create and Apply Tourism Strategies
They need to develop and implement tourism strategies that maximize the benefits
and sustainability of tourism, thus maximizing positive impacts such as job and income
growth and quality visitor experiences and spending. In PNG and Solomon Islands,
where tourism revenues are comparatively small, development or review of tourism
policies would be the first step to increasing tourist numbers and spending. In Vanuatu,
where tourist numbers are expected to surge, a review of the country’s tourism strategy
should focus on sustainability. And in Fiji, whose tourism industry is the region’s most
established and profitable, a strategic plan could draw on the range of major resorts to
grow the ‘Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Events’ market.
Link Infrastructure to Tourism
They should raise the importance of tourism in infrastructure planning, recognizing the
potential benefits of new infrastructure in facilitating tourism development, managing
increased volumes, dispersing to new areas, and/or protecting natural assets. Across
the Pacific this could involve improving airports and ports to receive more and larger
aircraft and ships, and developing secondary airports and seaports; upgrading access
roads to sites and attractions; and, for all countries except Samoa, expanding access to
low-cost and, ideally, renewable energy. Other infrastructure developments that would
benefit tourism include improved water supply and sewage treatment facilities in Fiji
and Vanuatu.
Foster Secondary Attractions
They should move away from the concentration of visitors in one or two centers,
fostering secondary tourism destinations as the holiday places of the future. The
early identification of potential tourist locations will enable managed and sustainable
development, land use and infrastructure planning, skills development, and the
establishment of secondary services. In PNG, for example, Madang could be upgraded
21. 21
as a tourist destination, especially for cruises, Mount Wilhelm could become an
attraction if access was improved, and the Baiyer River Sanctuary could be restored. In
the Cook Islands, the long-term goal of increasing visitors to Aitutaki and other islands
should be progressed.
Improve Waterfront Areas
They should encourage the development or improvement of waterfront areas
(see box on page 17: Waterfront Developments). Waterfront developments stimulate
local business and investment, boost employment, and generate leisure and recreation
opportunities and attractions for both visitors and residents. Their development may
entail visitor centers, foreshore walking areas, and public toilets, all of which are lacking
throughout the region. Development options are available for waterfront areas in Apia,
Honiara, as well as Luganville, Main Wharf, and Port Vila in Vanuatu that would make
them better spaces for tourists and locals alike.
The preservation and protection of
natural and cultural assets is a priority in
an age of increasing homogenization of
visitor experiences.
ACCOMMODATING INCREASED DEMAND.
Rarotonga in the Cook Islands offers visitors a
range of high-end resorts (photo courtesy of
Cook Islands Tourism Corporation).
22. 22 TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH | A pathway to growth and prosperity for Pacific island countries
Train Local Workers
They need to develop a skilled Pacific workforce that can respond to future needs
of the hospitality, transport, and visitor services sectors, and potentially provide a
resource for all Pacific island countries, as well as for Australia and New Zealand,
where short-term employment demand at peak season is significant. The Cook
Islands and Palau, whose populations are too small to meet the demand for trained
workers, could nonetheless maximize local employment in better-paid positions
by establishing hospitality training facilities. In Vanuatu, the expansion of technical
and vocational education and training would see more locals employed by the
growing cruise sector. In Fiji, a supplying country for hospitality workers, a ‘Centre
for Excellence in Food’ would prepare local workers for roles in high-end resorts
providing fine dining.
Engage Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
They should support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to diversify the
tourism sector and tourist experiences. With limited access to finance constraining
A PATHWAY TO ECONOMIC GROWTH.
The commercial district of Central Apia,
capital of Samoa (photo by ADB).
23. 23
SME growth, all countries should consider—or further develop where already
established—better-suited commercial finance frameworks, such as movable
assets financing. Initiatives supporting the sale of local products and produce
to the tourist market could also help SMEs benefit from and contribute to
tourism growth.
Sell the Pacific Brand
They should raise the global profile of the Pacific through well-researched
and targeted marketing and through building niche markets based on existing
and potential market demand. Included within this is enhanced research
capacity and product development that builds on the cultural differentiation
of Pacific island countries. This could involve identifying and highlighting
unique attractions within each country, such as the wreck diving, Marovo
Lagoon, underwater volcano, and fascinating societies of Solomon Islands
Western Province.
Sustainable tourism can generate
employment and income growth across an
economy, serving as a catalyst and source of
funding for the preservation and protection
of natural and cultural assets.
25. 25
Sustainable tourism can
contribute to achieving
other social and
economic priorities in
Pacific island countries.
BUILDING LOCAL COMMUNITIES.
Families play at the popular tourist destination of
Lalomanu Village in Upolu, Samoa (photo by ADB).
26. TOURISM AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH IN THE PACIFIC
APathwaytoGrowthandProsperityforPacificIslandCountries
Tourism in the Pacific is increasing and will be a key driver of economic growth in the coming
decade. Yet despite more visitors to the Pacific, tourism growth is not inevitable for all
countries in the region. This brief identifies the trends driving this increase. To secure and
sustainably harness the benefits of this growth, this brief recommends that Pacific island
countries create an enabling environment for tourism through interventions in four areas:
tourism policy, strategy, and the regulatory environment; infrastructure; human resources; and
product development and marketing.
About the Asian Development Bank
ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing
member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite
the region’s many successes, it remains home to a large share of the world’s poor. ADB
is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally
sustainable growth, and regional integration.
Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main
instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity
investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance.
About the Pacific Private Sector Development Initiative
PSDI is a technical assistance program undertaken in partnership with the Government of
Australia, the Government of New Zealand, and the Asian Development Bank. PSDI supports
ADB’s 14 Pacific developing member countries to improve the enabling environment for
business and to support inclusive, private sector-led economic growth. The support of the
Australian and New Zealand governments and ADB has enabled PSDI to operate in the region
for more than 10 years and assist with more than 300 reforms.
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City
1550 Metro Manila, Philippines
www.adb.org