How should we go towards electric vehicles ?

1. ELECTRIC VEHICLE
CORNER STONE OF A SUCCESSFUL ENERGY TRANSITION
NICOLAS PARIS
HEAD OF EV BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT TOTAL BELGIUM
BRUSSELS, 21/01/2018

2. I think my next car will be electric
How do you plan to charge with
risks of blackout today and
no nuclear plant tomorrow?
Be serious !

3. EV SCEPTICS & THE « NOT ENOUGH ELECTRICITY » ARGUMENT
1. Shortage
« What is limiting and will limit for a long time penetration
of electric vehicles is the lack of electricity. »
2. Need for more conventional power plants
« If we want a massive penetration of electric vehicles,
we need investment in non-intermittent power generation
assets (gas, nuclear). »
3. Blackout
« Fast charging 580,000 vehicles (10% of Belgian total
fleet) will require a power of 29,000 MW. Belgium total
installed capacity is 21,150 MW. »

4. THE DISRUPTIVE LOW CARBON TECHNOLOGY WE LOVE TO HATE
• 60 kWh battery pack
= 450 kilometers in single charge
= 6 days of average household consumption
• Compact motor
• 90% efficiency (30% for combustion engine)
• 20 moving parts (+2000 for combustion engine)
• No lubricant to change
• Potential lifetime 1,5 million kilometers
• Flexible Charging Speed (2 kW to 150 kW)
• Soon: decharging also possible
• Available power in typical house : 8,8 kW
• Continuous acceleration
• Silence
• No engine vibration
• No exhaust pipe & gas
• Regenerative braking
• One pedal driving

5. ENERGY SECTOR IS NOT AFRAID OF LOW CARBON DISRUPTION …
… BECAUSE IT LIVES IN IT SINCE 10 YEARS AGO

6. TOTAL IS GETTING READY TO OPERATE IN A LOW CARBON ECONOMY

7. EV DEBATE IN BELGIUM : TIME TO ASK THE RIGHT QUESTION

8. SHOULD WE GO TOWARDS ELECTRIC VEHICLES ?
Big cities say YESScientists say YES
Europe says YES
Car manufacturers say YES
NGOs say YES Global fleets say YES

9. SHOULD WE GO TOWARDS ELECTRIC VEHICLES ?HOW
How to …
… enforce a fair « right to plug » for home,
appartment, office, street, highway, … ?
… provide electricity to EVs in a safe,
sustainable, reliable and economical way ?
… to create the right investment conditions for
a progressive ramp-up of EVs and chargers ?
… set up collective ambitions and a credible,
inclusive and collective transition roadmap ?

10. ASKING « HOW » CREATES A MINDSET TO LOOK OUT FOR SOLUTIONS
China
In Shenzen, all 16,000 buses
and 20,000 taxis are electric
Norway
In 2018, 49% of new cars sold
were electric (BEV+PHEV)
California
Today: 500.000 EVs with 35%
of power from clean sources
Netherlands
100% of cars sold to be zero-
emission by 2030 (2018: 5,6%)

11. « ELECTRIC VEHICLES MAY OVERLOAD THE GRID »
è HOW CAN MARKET MECHANISMS PREVENT SUCH SITUATION?
● 100,000 EV x 10 kW = 1 nuclear reactor or Coo.
Fortunately :
- EVs are connected to internet
- Charging speed is flexible
- Decharging (vehicle-to-grid) will soon become possible
● CREG has calculated the impact of 2,000,000 electric cars on Belgian roads :
- +7,5% of total electricity consumption
- Sufficient power production capacity, except for a few hours in winter
- x10 potential storage capacity to stabilize the grid and enable more renewables

12. « TOO MUCH INTERMITTENT RENEWABLES WILL LEAD TO BLACKOUT »
è HOW TO MAKE EVERYONE CONTRIBUTE TO A BETTER GRID ?
● EV boosts the business case of solar panels installation.
● To manage intermittency, all buildings will need to optimize self consumption,
integrating probably stationary storage (e.g. from 2nd life battery packs).
● More intermittent local production calls for more flexible local consumption.

13. « FLEET ELECTRIFICATION IS A COMPLEX AND TOUCHY PROJECT »
è HOW CAN WE SUPPORT OUR CUSTOMERS IN THIS TRANSITION?
« Lampiris fleet (90 vehicles) will
be 100% electric by 2021 »
Lead by example All charging solutions under one roof

14. « ELECTRIC VEHICLES ARE A THREAT TO EXISTING BUSINESS MODELS »
è HOW TO CREATE A FERTILE GROUND FOR INDUSTRY LEADERSHIP?
Battery materials
& recycling
Electric vehicles
manufacturing
Battery management
systems

15. « HOW » : 3 LETTERS TO PUT A POSITIVE SPIN AROUND THE EV STORY
● Like it or not, EV will win in many vehicle segments.
● It’s good news : intermittent renewables and flexible EV batteries are best friends.
● This sustainable revolution comes with challenges and many « how » questions.
Let’s address these challenges in a positive and collective way
Let’s build a future we all want to live in

16. Thank you
for your
attention
Formula E - electric car racing series since 2014