The document contains questions about software testing concepts and techniques. It asks about risk analysis in testing, suitable testing techniques for computerized elevators, integration testing approaches, goals of performance testing tools, goals of risk management, outcomes that increase software quality, characteristics of different test types like system and acceptance testing, objectives of defect reports, test case generation alignment with risk analysis, tasks of a test leader, black box testing techniques, inspection processes, test case generation for equivalence classes, coverage criteria, non-functional testing characteristics, tools for test results and reports, entry level tester tasks, coverage for state transition tests, characteristics of experience based techniques, boundary value analysis, missing details in an incident report, test cases required for statement and branch coverage

1. CHAPTER 3
1) Which of the following statements correctly characterizes the risk analysis used in testing ?
I. The risk level depends on the probability of occurrence of an undesired event.
II. The risk level is determined by the probability of occurrence of an undesired event and by
its impact.
III. Project risks are those that characterize the project ability to achieve its objectives.
IV. Product risks are areas of potential failures (i.e. future undesired events ) in the software
or system.
Select one:
a. III, IV
b. II, III, IV
c. I, II, III
d. I, II
2) Which testing technique is the most suitable for testing the functionality of a fully
computerized elevator ?
Select one:
a. State transition testing
b. Use case testing
c. Man machine interface testing
d. Decision table testing
3) Which of the following approaches is/are used in integration tests?
Select one:
a. Incremental and iterative
b. Both functional and structural
c. Structural only

2. d. Functional only
4) In performance testing, tools can be used to collect metrics. Which statement about
monitoring tools is correct?
Select one:
a. They are technical tools a used by developers and not testers
b. They supervise the testing effort and report related metrics
c. They make it possible to observe possible performance problems and give warnings
d. They store version information and can be replaced by configuration management tools
5) Which are the MAIN goals of risk management in a software project?
Select one:
a. To control contractual problems and minimize the impacts of company policies
b. To increase the success probability for the project regardless of costs
c. To reduce the probability of undesired situations and to reduce the effect of potential
impact
d. To increase focus on preventative processes and to increase satisfaction for the testers
6) Which of the following test execution outcomes are likely to increase the overall quality of the
software:
I. A test case passes
II. A test case fails, defect gets logged which subsequently gets fixed
III. Some tests are differed because test environment is not available
IV. A bug is found but there is no corresponding test case
Select one:
a. I and IV
b. I and II
c. I, II and III
d. I, II and IV

3. 7) Which of the following statements are correct ?
I. System testing is often carried out by an independent test team.
II. The main goal in acceptance testing is to find defects
III. Component testing may include testing of functionality and non functional
characteristics.
IV. User acceptance testing typically verifies the fitness for use of the system by business
users.
V. The environment for system testing should correspond to the production environment.
Select one:
a. II, III, V
b. II, III, IV
c. I, II, V
d. I, III, IV, V
8) Consider the following excerpt from a defect report,
"To recreate the failure we used test file TST_01_TC_16.dat, which is available in the
common shared folder."
Which incident report objective does this excerpt satisfy?
Select one:
a. Does not belong in an incident report
b. Provides ideas for test process improvement
c. Provides test leaders with information to report test progress
d. Provides developers with information to isolate the failure
9)

4. Select one:
a. More test cases need to be created for the download function
b. The number of test cases generated aligns with the perceived risk
c. You should discard test cases for the play function
d. The results of the risk analysis do not agree with the number of test cases
10) Which of the following is the most important task of a typical test leader?
Select one:
a. To set up the test environment
b. To coordinate the test strategy with project managers
c. To automate tests
d. To prepare and acquire test data
11) Which of the following lists contains only black-box test techniques?
Select one:
a. Exploratory testing, State transition testing, Control flow testing
b. Decision table testing, Use case testing, Control flow testing
c. Decision table testing, Use case testing, State transition testing

5. d. Use case testing, Statement testing, State transition testing
12) Which of the following statements regarding inspection is NOT true?
Select one:
a. An inspection may be led by a trained moderator who shall not be the author
b. An inspection shall follow a formal process based on rules and checklists with entry and
exit criteria
c. The main purpose of an inspection is to check the conformance to specifications an
standards
d. An inspection can be performed within a peer group
13) An input screen accepts 3 inputs, each of these has 3 equivalence classes. How many test
cases are required for testing all combinations of equivalence classes?
Select one:
a. 9
b. Cann't be determined
c. 3
d. 6
14) When testing a mission critical system a high coverage should be achieved which of the
following techniques should be implemented as a structural based coverage technique in order to
achieve highest coverage?
Select one:
a. Decision table
b. Multiple condition coverage
c. Use case testing
d. Statement coverage
15) Given the following two programs:
Program X:
If A>B then

6. Execute function _A()
Else
Execute function _B()
Endif
Execute function _C()
Program Y
if D > E then
Execute function _D()
endif
Execute function _E()
Execute function _F()
Which one of the following is an INCORRECT statement about the programs?
Select one:
a. At least 2 test cases are needed to achieve 100% statement coverage of program Y
b. At least 2 test cases are needed to achieve 100% statement coverage of program X
c. At least 2 test cases are needed to achieve 100% decision coverage of program X
d. At least 2 test cases are needed to achieve 100% decision coverage of program Y
16) Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to be true of non-functional testing?
Select one:
a. It tests "how" the system works
b. It may include testing the ease of modification of systems
c. It may be performed at unit, integration, system and acceptance test levels
d. It covers the evaluation of the interaction of various specified components
17) Which of the following tools can be used for the storage of test results and the generation of
test progress reports?

7. Select one:
a. Test data preparation tool
b. Coverage management tool
c. Test management tool
d. Review management tool
18) Typical entry-level tester tasks may include the following?
Select one:
a. Decide what to automate and prepare test automation scripts
b. Select and implement testing tools
c. Select test approach and design test cases
d. Prepare test data and execute test sets
19) Which of the following coverage criteria results in the highest coverage for state transition
based test cases?
Select one:
a. Covering all states at least once
b. Covering all transitions at least once
c. Can't be determined
d. Covering only start and end states
20) Which of the following statements correctly characterize experience-based techniques ?
I. "Error guessing" is an experience based technique.
II. Experience based techniques are alternative to systematic techniques.
III. The fault attack is a structured approach to "error guessing".
IV. Exploratory testing is an experience based technique, especially useful when the
specifications are complete and the time schedule is not pressing.
Select one:
a. II, III

8. b. I, II
c. I, III, IV
d. I, III
21) A system for calculation of taxes has the people's age as input. The "Age" field is supposed
to accept integer numbers between 18 and 75 (including). Which is the correct result of boundary
value analysis?
Select one:
a. 0, 18, 75, 99
b. 0, 17, 18, 75, 76, 99
c. 17, 18, 19, 50,75, 76
d. 17, 18, 75, 76
22) The following open incident report provided:
Date : 01.01.01
Description: When pressing the stop button the application status remain in
"Attention"instead of "Ready"
Severity: High
Life cycle: Integration
Which of the following details are missing in the giving incident report?
I. Identification or configuration of the application
II. The name of the developer
III. Recommendation of the developer
IV. The actions and/or conditions that came before the pressing of the button
Select one:
a. I, II
b. I, IV
c. IV

9. d. II, III
23) Which of the following statements is true about the minimum number of test cases required
to reach a 100% statement and branch coverage of the piece of program below?
Read A
Read B
If (A+B > 100) then
Print "Hello"
Endif
If (A > 50) then
Print "world"
Endif
Select one:
a. 1 test case for statement coverage; 3 test case for branch coverage
b. 2 test case for statement coverage; 2 test case for branch coverage
c. 1 test case for statement coverage; 1 test case for branch coverage
d. 1 test case for statement coverage; 2 test case for branch coverage
24) Which of the following statements are "testing general principles" ?
I. Exhaustive testing is impossible.
II. The defects found during the pre release tests, or the operational failures, are uniformly
distributed across the systems software modules.
III. Testing can show the presence of defects, but cannot demonstrate their absence.
IV. Testing is context independent.
Select one:
a. I, III
b. II, III
c. I, II

10. d. I, IV
25) Which of the following statements about roles in a typical formal review is correct ?
Select one:
a. The manager is responsible for planning the review
b. The manager allocates time in project schedules
c. The author documents the problems and open points
d. The moderator determines if the review objectives have been met
26) Which of the following statements is true?
Select one:
a. 100% statement coverage means 100% branch coverage
b. 100% branch coverage means 100% statement coverage and vice versa
c. It is impossible to achieve 100% statement coverage
d. 100% branch coverage means 100% statement coverage
27) Which of the following is NOT a deciding factor in determining the extent of testing
required?
Select one:
a. Time
b. Budget
c. Level of risk
d. Life-cycle model
28) During system testing phase of a word processor, a tester finds that on opening a file from a
particular set of files, which are part of a critical workflow, the word processor crashes. Which of
the following is the next step the tester should take prior to recording the deviation?
Select one:
a. Do a root cause analysis
b. Report the incident as is without any further action

11. c. Perform bug isolation to find the conditions that cause the crash
d. Try to identify the code fragment causing the problem
29) You have to specify test cases based on equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis
for an internet shop selling baby shoes. The shop provides a selection of shoes based on the
following input parameters
There are 4 different sizes, depending on the age of the baby. The system selects the
appropriate size based on the following criteria:
1. 0 < age <= 4 months: size 1
2. 4 < age <= 8 months: size 2
3. 8 < age <= 15 months: size 3
4.15 < age <= 24 months: size 4
The gender of the baby: boy or girl
Which of the following statements is true?
Select one:
A. All valid equivalence classes could be covered with 6 test cases
B. There are two invalid equivalence classes for the age input parameter
C. The total number of combinations of valid equivalence classes of age and gender is 8
D. All combinations of valid equivalence classes could be covered with 4 test cases
30) Which one of the following statements about independent testing is not correct?
Select one:
a. Independent testing is often more effective at finding defects and failures
b. Independent testing is not appropriate for unit testing
c. Independent testing may be performed at any level of testing
d. Independent testing can be performed by developers with the right mindset
31) Testing should provide sufficient information to stakeholders to make informed decisions
about the release of the software or system being tested. At which of the following fundamental
test processes activity the sufficiency of the testing and the resulting information are assessed?

12. Select one:
a. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting
b. Analysis and design
c. Requirements specification
d. Implementation and execution
32) Which of the following is NOT used in system testing?
Select one:
a. Unit tests
b. Non functional tests
c. Structure based tests
d. Functional tests
33) Which ONE of the following statements does NOT describe how testing contributes to
higher quality?
Select one:
a. Properly designed tests that pass reduce the level of risk in a system
b. Performing a review of the requirement specifications before implementing the system can
enhance quality
c. The testing of software demonstrates the absence of defects
d. Software testing identifies defects, which can be used to improve development activities
34) At which stage of the fundamental test process do testers write the steps of the test
procedures?
Select one:
a. Test implementation and execution
b. Test planning and control
c. Test closure activates
d. Evaluating exit criteria and reporting

13. 35) Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to be describing component testing?
Select one:
a. Simulators and stubs may be required
b. It may be applied using a test-first approach.
c. It mainly tests interfaces and interactions between components
d. It identifies defects in the functionality of modules, objects and classes
36) Which of the following statements is true?
Select one:
a. Incident management tools are used by testers only
b. A configuration management tool has nothing to do with testing
c. A requirements management tool may be considered as test support tool
d. Test management tools are used by managers only
37) Which of the following is NOT an example of dynamic testing?
Select one:
a. Checking memory leaks for a program by executing it
b. Testing for performance
c. Code inspection
d. Coverage analysis
38) Load testing tool checks for :
Select one:
a. Monitoring system resources
b. Time response and system breaking point
c. The amount of testers needed in order to achieve "dead line"
d. Correct behavior of the system under test
39) Which of the following statements about decision tables are TRUE?

14. I. Generally, decision tables are generated for low risk test items.
II. Test cases derived from decision tables can be used for component tests.
III. Several test cases can be selected for each column of the decision table.
IV. The conditions in the decision table typically represent values.
Select one:
a. I, IV
b. II, III
c. II, IV
d. I, III
40) Which of the following statements correctly describe black-box testing?
Select one:
a. Tests that investigate the input vs. the output behavior of a software system
b. Test derived from the ability of the testers and their intuition and experience with similar
applications and technologies (sometimes used to strengthen systematic techniques)
c. Test on an individual software component in isolation from other components, to avoid
external influence
d. Test of the interfaces between components and of the interactions with different parts of a
system
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