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• Cartels = criminal enforcement
• Settlements in cartel cases are plea bargains
• Option for bargaining before indictment
• Re-drafting the indictment in a plea bargain
– Dropping offences or aggravating circumstance
• Bargaining with ring leaders vs. minor participants
– The ring leaders set the top but do the minor
participants really set the bottom?
• Different options – fixed specific sentence vs. fixed
range vs. guilty plea and no-sentence-bargain
• Option for bargaining BEFORE FILING the indictment
– Inform the suspect of pending indictment and start
bargaining
– The suspect can influence the indictment so it will
never have included certain aggravating
circumstances
– Before filing the indictment = maximum flexibility in
adding witnesses
– Major Caveats:
• Although tempting, never bargain before you are
ready to file the indictment
• How does mitigating the indictment influence other
indictments in the same cartel?
• Re-drafting the indictment in a plea bargain
– The accused mainly aims for a reduced sentence
– The state / competition authority aims to deter others
– This infers that usually we first agree on sentence
and then redraft the indictment (and not the other
way around)
– Dropping offences and aggravating circumstance: do
not stray from the story
– Issue: do we consider private prosecutors who are
counting on the criminal proceedings?
• Bargaining with ring leaders vs. minor participants
– The ring leaders set the top but do the minor
participants really set the bottom?
• Indeed, the ring-leader’s sentence will probably set
the top – the others will probably not be sentenced
to harsher punishment
• But, the minor participant’s sentence will not
necessarily set the bottom – the ring-leader may
be sentenced to similar punishment
• Different options – fixed specific sentence vs. fixed
range vs. guilty plea and no-sentence-bargain
– If a fixed sentence bargain can’t be reached, consider
option of a fixed RANGE.
– As in: the accused will admit the facts of agreed
indictment and both sides will ask the court to
consider a sentence of no more than X time in prison
and no less than Y time in prison.
– One of the pro’s for fixed range: most likely no appeal

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Israel Antitrust Authority on Cartel Case Settlements

  • 1. • Cartels = criminal enforcement • Settlements in cartel cases are plea bargains • Option for bargaining before indictment • Re-drafting the indictment in a plea bargain – Dropping offences or aggravating circumstance • Bargaining with ring leaders vs. minor participants – The ring leaders set the top but do the minor participants really set the bottom? • Different options – fixed specific sentence vs. fixed range vs. guilty plea and no-sentence-bargain
  • 2. • Option for bargaining BEFORE FILING the indictment – Inform the suspect of pending indictment and start bargaining – The suspect can influence the indictment so it will never have included certain aggravating circumstances – Before filing the indictment = maximum flexibility in adding witnesses – Major Caveats: • Although tempting, never bargain before you are ready to file the indictment • How does mitigating the indictment influence other indictments in the same cartel?
  • 3. • Re-drafting the indictment in a plea bargain – The accused mainly aims for a reduced sentence – The state / competition authority aims to deter others – This infers that usually we first agree on sentence and then redraft the indictment (and not the other way around) – Dropping offences and aggravating circumstance: do not stray from the story – Issue: do we consider private prosecutors who are counting on the criminal proceedings?
  • 4. • Bargaining with ring leaders vs. minor participants – The ring leaders set the top but do the minor participants really set the bottom? • Indeed, the ring-leader’s sentence will probably set the top – the others will probably not be sentenced to harsher punishment • But, the minor participant’s sentence will not necessarily set the bottom – the ring-leader may be sentenced to similar punishment
  • 5. • Different options – fixed specific sentence vs. fixed range vs. guilty plea and no-sentence-bargain – If a fixed sentence bargain can’t be reached, consider option of a fixed RANGE. – As in: the accused will admit the facts of agreed indictment and both sides will ask the court to consider a sentence of no more than X time in prison and no less than Y time in prison. – One of the pro’s for fixed range: most likely no appeal